Unit 2 Great ideas 单元写作专项训练 2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过分类词汇表、功能表达框架及句型对比表格系统构建“Great Ideas”主题写作知识体系，将人物身份、思想概念等主题词汇分类梳理，按“描述难题-灵感产生-实验突破-影响意义”场景整理写作功能表达，用表格对比基础句与升级句呈现句型进阶脉络，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于阶梯式分层训练设计与高分写作方法指导，通过汉译英、句型仿写、句子升级三级练习提升语言能力，如“Though the problem seemed difficult he found a solution”的让步从句仿写培养思维品质。典例精析结合范文解析审题与表达技巧，基础学生可掌握模板，优秀学生能拓展句式，为教师实施分层教学提供精准支持，助力学生系统提升写作能力。

Unit 2 Great Ideas 单元写作专项训练 一、单元核心信息 二、写作素材库 1. 主题词汇 人物与身份 physicist 物理学家 mathematician 数学家 inventor 发明家 scientist 科学家 philosopher 哲学家 scholar 学者 king 国王 prince 王子 thinker 思想家 crown maker 造冠匠 思想与想法 idea 想法 thought 思想 theory 理论 concept 概念 creation 创造 invention 发明 discovery 发现 innovation 创新 solution 解决方案 inspiration 灵感 问题与挑战 problem 问题 difficulty 困难 puzzle 谜题 challenge 挑战 doubt 怀疑 dilemma 困境 task 任务 ignorance 无知 思维过程 think 思考 consider 考虑 wonder 想知道 realize 意识到 discover 发现 prove 证明 test 测试 experiment 实验 imagine 想象 create 创造 come up with 想出 描述伟大的形容词 great 伟大的 brilliant 聪明的 wise 智慧的 creative 有创造力的 innovative 创新的 influential 有影响力的 inspirational 鼓舞人心的 remarkable 非凡的 2. 高频搭配 come up with 想出（主意） fill ... with 把……装满 run over 溢出 go straight to 直奔 be satisfied with 对……感到满意 fool somebody 欺骗某人 lightning rod 避雷针 a firm spot 一个稳固的位置 move the Earth 撬动地球 conduct an experiment 进行实验 prove one’s theory 证明某人的理论 apply to daily life 应用于日常生活 think outside the box 跳出框框思考 have a great impact on 对……有巨大影响 3. 写作功能表达 描述时代难题 At that time, people faced the problem of ... 那时，人们面临着……的问题。 ... was a big challenge for people. ……对人们来说是一个巨大的挑战。 描述灵感的产生 One day, while ... , he suddenly had an idea. 有一天，当……时，他突然有了一个主意。 He realized that ... 他意识到…… It occurred to him that ... 他突然想到…… 描述实验与突破 He conducted an experiment to ... 他做了一个实验来…… After many attempts, he finally succeeded in ... 经过多次尝试，他终于成功…… To his surprise, ... 令他惊讶的是…… 描述影响与意义 This idea changed the way people ... 这个想法改变了人们……的方式。 His discovery had a great impact on ... 他的发现对……产生了巨大影响。 Without this idea, people couldn’t ... 没有这个想法，人们就不能…… It is still widely used today. 它至今仍被广泛使用。 三、黄金句型库 1. 开头句型 Great ideas have the power to change the world. 伟大的思想有改变世界的力量。 One of the most famous great ideas in history is ... 历史上最著名的伟大思想之一是…… I would like to share a story about how a brilliant idea solved a problem. 我想分享一个关于一个绝妙想法如何解决问题的故事。 Have you ever wondered how ... was discovered？ 你有没有想过……是如何被发现的？ 2. 主体句型 There was a problem that needed to be solved. 有一个需要解决的问题。 He came up with a brilliant idea to solve it. 他想出了一个绝妙的主意来解决它。 One day, while ... , he suddenly realized that ... 有一天，当……时，他突然意识到…… To test his idea, he conducted an experiment. 为了测试他的想法，他做了一个实验。 He filled ... with ... and then ... 他把……装满……然后…… This experiment proved that ... 这个实验证明了…… 3. 结尾句型 This great idea not only solved the problem but also changed the world. 这个伟大的想法不仅解决了问题，还改变了世界。 His discovery has influenced generations of scientists. 他的发现影响了世世代代的科学家。 Though he lived a long time ago, his ideas are still important today. 虽然他生活在很久以前，但他的思想今天仍然很重要。 We should never stop thinking and asking questions. 我们永远不应该停止思考和提问。 4. 句型升级 基础句 升级句 Archimedes had a problem. 阿基米德有一个问题。 King Hiero asked Archimedes to find out whether the crown was made completely of gold. 希罗王让阿基米德查明这顶王冠是否完全由金子制成。 He got into the bath. 他进入浴缸。 When Archimedes got into the bath, some water ran over, and this gave him a brilliant idea. 当阿基米德进入浴缸时，一些水溢了出来，这给了他一个绝妙的想法。 He did an experiment. 他做了一个实验。 He put two pots into two big bowls and filled both pots with water to compare how much water was displaced. 他把两个罐子放入两个大碗中，把两个罐子都装满水，来比较排出了多少水。 He discovered the truth. 他发现了真相。 He discovered that the crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, so it was not made completely of gold. 他发现这顶王冠比同等重量的金子排出了更多的水，所以它不是完全由金子制成的。 The king was happy. 国王很高兴。 The king praised Archimedes for his clever discovery and sent the crown maker to prison. 国王赞扬了阿基米德的聪明发现，并把造冠匠送进了监狱。 四、高分写作方法 典例精析 学校英语报举办题为A Brilliant Idea That Changed Our Life的征文活动，请你写一篇短文介绍一项改变生活的伟大创意。 要求： 内容必须包含：曾经存在的难题、想出创意的人、创意如何解决问题、该创意带来的影响； 时态使用准确，语句连贯，合理运用多样句型； 词数：80–110词； 不得出现真实姓名、学校名称。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【审题构思】 先明确三点：写什么、用什么时态、分几段来写。 内容上，题目给出四个必须涵盖的要素：曾经的难题、创意的提出者、解决问题的方式、带来的影响。时态上，描述过去的难题和发明过程用一般过去时，描述创意带来的现状和影响用一般现在时或现在完成时，需要灵活转换。结构上分三段：第一段引出创意并交代背景难题，第二段详述创意如何解决问题，第三段总结该创意带来的影响。 【范文欣赏】 A Brilliant Idea That Changed Our Life Before smartphones were invented, people had to carry maps, cameras, and MP3 players everywhere. It was inconvenient and heavy. The brilliant idea came from Steve Jobs and his team at Apple. They created the iPhone, which put all these functions into one small device. The iPhone solved the problem by combining communication, entertainment, and information into a single tool. People could make calls, take photos, listen to music, and search for directions anytime, anywhere. It made life much easier and more efficient. Thanks to this great invention, the world has become more connected than ever before. We can now do almost everything with just a smartphone. This brilliant idea truly changed the way we live, work, and communicate. 【亮点解析】 开篇先写难题，制造铺垫。 "Before smartphones were invented, people had to carry maps, cameras, and MP3 players everywhere."用before引导时间状语从句，先摆出"过去的不便"——出门得带地图、相机、MP3，又重又麻烦。读者马上理解"为什么需要这个创意"。接着用"The brilliant idea came from Steve Jobs and his team at Apple"交代创造者，用"They created the iPhone"交代解决方案，再用"which put all these functions into one small device"中的定语从句进一步说明iPhone整合多功能的特性，过渡自然流畅。 主体段用具体行动解释"如何解决问题"。 "people could make calls, take photos, listen to music, and search for directions anytime, anywhere"通过四个并列动词短语，把iPhone的功能一一列出。"anytime, anywhere"两个副词强调了"随时随地的便利"，与前文的"carry maps, cameras, and MP3 players everywhere"形成鲜明对比，读者直观感受到问题被彻底解决了。 结尾用三句话层层递进。 第一句"the world has become more connected"用现在完成时强调对当下状态的改变——世界联系更紧密；第二句"We can now do almost everything with just a smartphone"用具体画面总结现状——一切尽在掌中；第三句"changed the way we live, work, and communicate"用三个并列动词收尾，把改变的范围延伸到生活方式、工作方式和交流方式三个维度。三句话从宏观到微观、从结果到感悟，层次丰富不单调。 时态转换准确，各司其职。 描述过去的难题和发明用一般过去时（"were invented""had to carry""came""created"）；描述创意带来的当前影响用现在完成时（"has become"）和一般现在时（"can do""changed"中changed作过去分词表被动）。三种时态转换合理，符合"困难→创造→影响"的时间逻辑。 五、阶梯训练 （一）句子训练 Level 1 汉译英 1. 希罗王让阿基米德查明这顶王冠是否完全由金子制成。 ____________________________________________________________ 2. 当阿基米德进入浴缸时，一些水溢了出来。 ____________________________________________________________ 3. 他突然意识到可以如何解决国王的问题。 ____________________________________________________________ 4. 他发现这顶王冠比同等重量的金子排出了更多的水。 ____________________________________________________________ 5. 国王赞扬了阿基米德的聪明发现。 ____________________________________________________________ Level 2 句型仿写（参照例句完成句子） 句型 1：There was a problem that ...（描述问题） 例句： There was a problem that needed to be solved. （1）有一个需要被解决的难题。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）有一个王冠是否由纯金制成的疑问。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 2：He came up with a brilliant idea to ...（描述灵感的产生） 例句： He came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem. （1）她想出了一个聪明的办法来测试她的理论。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）他想出了一个绝妙的主意来证明他的想法。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 3：One day, while ... , he suddenly realized that ...（描述顿悟时刻） 例句： One day, while he was getting into the bath, he suddenly realized that he could solve the problem. （1）有一天，当他在花园里散步时，他突然意识到可以如何解决问题。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）有一天，当他在做实验时，他突然有了一个主意。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 4：To test his idea, he ...（描述实验过程） 例句： To test his idea, he conducted an experiment. （1）为了测试他的想法，他把两个罐子装满水。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）为了证明他的理论，他进行了一系列实验。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 5：He discovered that ...（描述发现） 例句： He discovered that the crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight. （1）他发现这顶王冠不是完全由金子制成的。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）他发现物体在水中排开的水量等于其体积。 ____________________________________________________________ 句型 6：Though ... , ...（让步状语从句） 例句： Though Archimedes lived a long time ago, his ideas are still important today. （1）虽然这个问题看起来很困难，但他找到了解决办法。 ____________________________________________________________ （2）虽然实验失败了多次，但他们从未放弃。 ____________________________________________________________ Level 3 句子升级 要求：参照下方示例，将基础句升级为内容更丰富、表达更高级的句子。 示例： 基础句：Archimedes had a problem. 升级句：King Hiero asked Archimedes to find out whether the crown was made completely of gold. 1. 基础句：He got into the bath. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 2. 基础句：He did an experiment. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 3. 基础句：He discovered the truth. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 4. 基础句：The king was happy. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 5. 基础句：The idea was great. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ 6. 基础句：He solved the problem. 升级句：____________________________________________________________ （二）篇章训练 1．从古至今，许多伟大的创意都源于人们遇到的难题。为锻炼同学们叙事与说明类写作能力，英语课开展写作练习。请你选取一个知名伟大创意，以 A Brilliant Idea That Changed Lives 为题写一篇英语短文。 内容必须包含： 1.当时人们亟待解决的难题是什么； 2.是谁想出这个绝妙创意； 3.这个创意是什么、如何解决了难题； 4.该创意对人类生活带来的深远影响。 注意： 1.文中不得出现真实人名、校名； 2.行文流畅，句式多样，词数 80–100 词； ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Level 1 汉译英 1. King Hiero asked Archimedes to find out whether the crown was made completely of gold. 2. When Archimedes got into the bath, some water ran over. 3. He suddenly realized how he could solve the king’s problem. 4. He discovered that the crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight. 5. The king praised Archimedes for his clever discovery. Level 2 句型仿写 句型 1 （1）There was a difficult problem that needed to be solved. （2）There was a question about whether the crown was made completely of gold. 句型 2 （1）She came up with a clever idea to test her theory. （2）He came up with a brilliant idea to prove his thought. 句型 3 （1）One day, while he was walking in the garden, he suddenly realized how he could solve the problem. （2）One day, while he was doing an experiment, he suddenly had an idea. 句型 4 （1）To test his idea, he filled two pots with water. （2）To prove his theory, he conducted a series of experiments. 句型 5 （1）He discovered that the crown was not made completely of gold. （2）He discovered that the amount of water displaced by an object is equal to its volume. 句型 6 （1）Though the problem seemed difficult, he found a solution. （2）Though the experiments failed many times, they never gave up. Level 3 句子升级 （以下为参考升级答案，其他合理升级也可接受） 1. 升级句：When Archimedes got into the bath, some water ran over, and this gave him a brilliant idea. 2. 升级句：He put two pots into two big bowls and filled both pots with water to compare how much water was displaced. 3. 升级句：He discovered that the crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, so it was not made completely of gold. 4. 升级句：The king was so happy that he praised Archimedes for his clever discovery and sent the crown maker to prison. 5. 升级句：The idea was so great that it not only solved the king’s problem but also helped people understand the principle of displacement. 6. 升级句：He solved the problem with a simple but brilliant idea that came to him while he was taking a bath. 篇章训练（参考范文） 1．例文 A Brilliant Idea That Changed Lives Many great ideas come from solving hard problems, and papermaking is such a wonderful example. In ancient China, people wrote on heavy bamboo slips or expensive silk. It was hard for common people to record and spread knowledge. Cai Lun came up with a creative idea. He used cheap materials like tree bark and old cloth to make paper. After lots of experiments, he finally made light and affordable paper. Thanks to this great idea, knowledge spread quickly around the world. It makes our study and communication much easier. I realize small creative ideas can change the whole world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $