Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版八年级上册

2026-08-10
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语北师大版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 588 KB
发布时间 2026-08-10
更新时间 2026-08-10
作者 小米夏
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2026-08-10
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价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“情感与情绪”主题内容,涵盖核心词汇、实用短语、交际句型、过去进行时语法及写作指导,构建从基础语言要素到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇-短语-句型-语法-写作”分类呈现知识体系,如“emotion”搭配解析、过去进行时与一般过去时对比表,培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“实用交际套句型”和“写作素材库”,如道歉句型示例及“设身处地”等建议表达,助力不同学生高效掌握,教师可直接用于教学设计,提升课堂实效。

内容正文:

Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions 主 题 词 汇 1. n.情绪;情感 搭配emotional ups and downs(情绪起伏) 例:Teenagers often have strong emotions.(青少年常有强烈的情绪) 2. adj./v.难过的;使心烦 形容词搭配feel upset(感到难过) 动词搭配upset sb.(让某人心烦) I was upset because I missed the bus.(我因为错过公交车而难过) 3. adj.紧张的;焦虑的 搭配be nervous about(对……紧张) She is nervous about speaking in public.(她对公开演讲感到紧张) 4. adj.自信的 搭配be confident in(对……自信) He is confident in his English skills.(他对自己的英语能力很自信) 5. v.认出;意识到 搭配recognise ones feelings(意识到自己的情绪) Its important to recognise your own emotions.(意识到自己的情绪很重要) 6. v.管理;应付 搭配manage emotions(管理情绪) She learns to manage her anger well.(她学会了很好地管理自己的愤怒) 7. v.比较;对比 compare A with B(把A和B作比较) Don't compare yourself with others.(不要拿自己和别人比较) 8. n.性格;个性 搭配a cheerful personality(开朗的性格) Her friendly personality makes her popular.(她友善的性格让她很受欢迎) 9. n.道歉;致歉 搭配make an apology(道歉) He made an apology for his rudeness.(他为自己的无礼道歉) 10. v.原谅;宽恕 搭配forgive sb. for sth.(原谅某人做某事) She forgave him for forgetting her birthday.(她原谅了他忘记自己的生日) 短 语 1. 坚持;紧握;保留 She held on to her feelings and didn't talk to anyone.(她压抑着自己的情绪,没跟任何人说) 2. 对……充耳不闻;置之不理 Don't turn a deaf ear to your friends advice.(不要对朋友的建议置若罔闻) 3. 感觉好像;想要 I feel like crying when I watch sad movies.(看悲伤的电影时,我想哭) 4. 把……和……作比较 Parents shouldn't compare their children with others.(父母不应该拿自己的孩子和别人比较) 5. 处理;应对 He doesn't know how to deal with his stress.(他不知道如何应对自己的压力) 6. 使振奋;使高兴起来 Lets cheer up our friend who failed the exam.(让我们让考试失利的朋友振作起来) 7. 让某人失望 He didn't want to let his parents down.(他不想让父母失望) 8. 道歉 You should make an apology for being late.(你应该为迟到道歉) 9. 对自己严格;自责 Don't be too hard on yourself after making a mistake.(犯错后不要太自责) 10. 照顾;照料 She takes good care of her little sister when parents are out.(父母外出时,她把妹妹照顾得很好) 11. 以友好的方式 Talk to your brother in a friendly way instead of shouting.(友好地和你弟弟说话,而不是大喊大叫) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1.询问情绪状况:Whats wrong with you? / How do you feel? 你怎么了?/ 你感觉怎么样?A: ? B: .(A:你怎么了?B:我因为丢了宠物而难过) 2.描述情绪及原因:I feel + 情绪形容词 + because + 从句. 我感到……因为…… I feel I have a big test tomorrow.(我感到紧张,因为我明天有一场重要的考试) 3.描述过去同时进行的动作:While/When + 主语 + was/were doing, 主语 + was/were doing. 当……正在做某事时,……正在做某事。 While my mom , I my homework.(妈妈做饭的时候,我正在写作业) 强调两个动作同时进行,while后接持续性动词,when后可接短暂性或持续性动词 4.给出情绪管理建议:You should + 动词原形 + 其他. 你应该…… You should .(你应该和父母谈谈你的烦恼) 5.道歉句型:I’m sorry for (doing) sth. / I want to make an apology for... 我为(做了)某事道歉。 you yesterday.(我为昨天对你大喊大叫道歉) 6.回应道歉:Its OK. / Its not all your fault. / Don't be too hard on yourself. 没关系。/ 不全是你的错。/ 别太自责。 A: your pen. B: Its OK.(A:我很抱歉弄坏了你的笔。B:没关系) 7.自我认知描述:I think I am + 性格形容词. / I like/dislike my + 外貌/性格名词. 我觉得我是……的。/ 我喜欢/不喜欢我的…… I think I am , but I Don't like my short hair.(我觉得我很外向,但我不喜欢我的短发) 语法 过去进行时 写作 介绍情绪问题(自信问题、和家长沟通的问题等) 一、知识点精讲 1. emotion n.强烈的感情,激情,情感,情绪 【用法释义】 为可数名词,可搭配“express/show/control + emotion”(表达/表现/控制情感); 常用复数形式emotions表示“多种情感”,主语多为人或人的内心活动。 【常用搭配】 express one's emotions 表达某人的情感 control one's emotions 控制某人的情绪 a wave of emotion 一阵情感(如一阵悲伤、一阵喜悦) 【用法举例】 Music can help people release their hidden .(音乐能帮助人们释放隐藏的情感。) He couldn't hold back his when he heard the good news.(听到这个好消息时,他抑制不住自己的情绪。) The actress showed different perfectly in the movie.(这位女演员在电影中完美地展现了不同的情感。) 2. bored adj.厌倦的,烦闷的 【用法释义】 常用搭配“be bored with sth./doing sth.”,表示“对某事/做某事感到厌倦”; 注意与“boring”区分:boring主语是物或事情,意为“令人厌倦的”(如a boring book一本无聊的书)。 【常用搭配】 be bored with (doing) sth. 对(做)某事感到厌倦 get bored 变得无聊 be bored to death 无聊得要死 【用法举例】 I'm bored watching this repetitive TV show.(我对看这个重复的电视节目感到厌倦。) The children got after staying at home for a whole day.(孩子们在家待了一整天后变得无聊了。) She was bored death during the long meeting.(漫长的会议期间,她无聊得要死。) 3. surprised adj.惊奇的,惊讶的 【用法释义】 常用搭配:“be surprised at sth.”(对某事感到惊讶)、“be surprised to do sth.”(做某事时感到惊讶)、“be surprised that...”(对……感到惊讶); 注意与“surprising”区分:surprising主语是物或事情,意为“令人惊讶的”(如a surprising result一个令人惊讶的结果)。 【常用搭配】 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be surprised that... 对……感到惊讶 【用法举例】 We are all surprised his sudden decision to leave.(我们都对他突然决定离开感到惊讶。) She was surprised find her lost key in the pocket.(她惊讶地发现丢失的钥匙在口袋里。) I'm that you can finish the work in such a short time.(我很惊讶你能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。) 4. receive vt.拿到,接到,收到 【用法释义】 常用搭配“receive sth. from sb.”(从某人那里收到某物)。 【常用搭配】 receive a letter/package/gift 收到信/包裹/礼物 receive a call/email 接到电话/收到邮件 receive sth. from sb. 从某人那里收到某物 【用法举例】 She a birthday gift from her best friend last week.(上周她收到了最好朋友送的生日礼物。) I a call from my teacher this morning.(今天早上我接到了老师的电话。) He an email about the meeting time just now.(他刚才收到一封关于会议时间的邮件。) 5. nothing pron.没有什么 【用法释义】 常用搭配:“have nothing to do”(无事可做)、“nothing but”(除了……之外什么也没有,只不过)。 【常用搭配】 have nothing to do 无事可做 nothing but 除了……之外什么也没有;只不过 There is nothing wrong with... ……没什么问题 【用法举例】 There is in the empty box.(这个空盒子里什么也没有。) I have nothing this weekend, so I plan to read books.(这个周末我无事可做,所以打算看书。) He said but smiled when he saw me.(看到我时,他什么也没说,只是笑了笑。) 6. stand vt.&vi.vt. 容忍,忍受;站立,直立vi. 站立,直立 【用法释义】 表“容忍”:stand sb./sth.(容忍某人/某事)、stand doing sth.(容忍做某事),仅用于否定句/疑问句; 表“站立”:可单独作不及物动词(如stand up站起来),也可作及物动词接宾语(如stand the table by the window把桌子放在窗边)。 【常用搭配】 can't stand sb./sth. 不能容忍某人/某事 can't stand doing sth. 不能容忍做某事 stand up 站起来;起立 stand by 支持;袖手旁观 【用法举例】 I the noise from the next room.(我受不了隔壁房间的噪音。) She can't stand for others for a long time.(她不能容忍等别人很长时间。) Everyone up when the teacher entered the classroom.(老师走进教室时,所有人都站了起来。) 7. control vt.&n.vt. 指挥,控制,掌管n. 管理权,控制权 【用法释义】 动词:“control sb./sth.”(控制某人/某事)、“control oneself”(控制自己的情绪、行为); 名词:“take control of”(掌控……)、“lose control of”(失去对……的控制)、“under control”(处于控制之中)。 【常用搭配】 control oneself 控制自己(的情绪/行为) take control of 掌控…… lose control of 失去对……的控制 under control 处于控制之中 【用法举例】 She tried to her anger when she heard the bad news.(听到坏消息时,她努力控制自己的愤怒。) The government control of the situation quickly.(政府迅速掌控了局势。) The fire is finally control after hours of hard work.(经过数小时的努力,火势终于得到了控制。) 8. while conj.在……期间,当……的时候;虽然,尽管 【用法释义】 引导时间状语从句:表示“当……发生时,另一件事正在进行”,从句常用进行时(如I was reading while he was watching TV.); 引导让步状语从句:表示“虽然、尽管”,语气比“though”“although”弱,常放在句首,且从句与主句之间用逗号隔开(如While he is young, he is very experienced.)。 【常用搭配】 while doing sth. 当做某事的时候(省略从句主语,主语需与主句一致) while + 从句(进行时) 当……正在发生时 While..., 主句. 虽然……,但是……(不可与but连用) 【用法举例】 I often listen to music while I am my homework.(我做作业时经常听音乐。) she is not good at math, she does well in English.(虽然她数学不好,但英语学得很好。) He fell asleep while a boring movie.(他看无聊电影时睡着了。) 9. among prep.在……中,周围是;……之一(用于三者或三者以上的“在……之间” 【用法释义】 后接复数名词或集合名词(如among the students在学生们中、among the trees在树林中); 表“……之一”时,常用“among + 复数名词”(如among the best students在最好的学生之中)。 【常用搭配】 among + 复数名词 在……之中(三者及以上) among friends 在朋友中 be among the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 是……中最……之一 【用法举例】 She found her key the books on the desk.(她在桌子上的书中间找到了钥匙。) He is very popular his classmates because he is friendly.(他在同学中很受欢迎,因为他很友好。) This book is the most interesting books I have ever read.(这本书是我读过的最有趣的书之一。) 10. compare vt.比较,对比 【用法释义】 常用搭配:“compare A with B”(将A与B比较,侧重找不同)、“compare A to B”(将A比作B,侧重打比方,如把人生比作旅程); 可用于“compared with/to...”(与……相比),作状语,放句首或句末。 【常用搭配】 compare A with B 将A与B比较 compare A to B 将A比作B compared with/to... 与……相比 【用法举例】 The teacher asked us to the two poems and find their differences.(老师让我们比较这两首诗,找出它们的不同之处。) People often compare life a journey full of challenges.(人们常把人生比作一段充满挑战的旅程。) Compared last year, our company's profits have increased a lot this year.(与去年相比,我们公司今年的利润增长了很多。) 11. harm n.&vt.n. 伤害,损害vt. 伤害,损害 【常用搭配】 do harm to sb./sth. 对某人/某事造成伤害 harm sb./sth. 伤害某人/某事 no harm done 没造成伤害;没关系(用于道歉后回应) 【用法举例】 Too much screen time can do to your eyes.(长时间看屏幕会对你的眼睛造成伤害。) Don't the small animals; they are our friends.(不要伤害小动物,它们是我们的朋友。) I accidentally knocked over his cup, but he said "no done".(我不小心打翻了他的杯子,但他说“没关系”。) 12. succeed vi.成功 【用法释义】 常用搭配“succeed in (doing) sth.”(成功做某事); 可用于“succeed to sth.”(继承某物,如继承财产、职位),但较少见,日常主要用“succeed in doing sth.”。 【常用搭配】 succeed in (doing) sth. 成功做某事 succeed in one's career 在事业上成功 succeed to the throne 继承王位(较正式) 【用法举例】 He worked hard and finally succeeded in the exam.(他努力学习,最终成功通过了考试。) She hopes to succeed her dream of becoming a famous singer.(她希望能实现成为著名歌手的梦想。) After years of hard work, the company in developing a new product.(经过多年努力,这家公司成功研发出了一款新产品。) 二、核心语法精讲 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”。除此之外,过去进行时还可以和when、while、as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用,构成复合句。 一.过去进行时的各种句式 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+ 现在分词+其他. I was helping my father in the garden at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我正在花园里帮爸爸干活。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+现在分词+其他. I wasn't drawing at four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午四点我没有画画。 一般疑 问句  Was/Were+主语+ 现在分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答:No, 主 语+wasn't/weren't. —Were you doing housework then?那个时候你在做家务吗? —Yes, I was./No, I wasn't.是的,我在做。/不,我没在做。 特殊疑 问句  特殊疑问词(不作 主语)+was/were+ 主语+现在分词+其他? What were you reading this morning?今天早上你在读什么? 特殊疑问词(作主语)+was/were+现在分词+其他? Who was playing basketball here at eight last night?昨天晚上八点谁在这里打篮球了? 二.过去进行时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与then、at this/that time yesterday、at that moment、at ten o'clock yesterday等时间状语连用 —What were you doing at seven last night?昨晚七点你在做什么? —I was watching TV.我在看电视。 表示过去某段时间内一直持续进行的动作,常与the whole morning、“from+时间点+to+时间点+last night”等时间状语连用 We were waiting for you the whole morning.我们一整个早上都在等你。 在讲故事的语境中,用来描绘一幅景象 It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它正坐在树上,朝着大家微笑。 注意 过去进行时与一般过去时 时态 区别 过去进行时 强调过去某一时刻或某一时段内正在进行或持续的动作 一般过去时 表示过去的时间里所发生的动作,且动作往往已经完成 I was reading a book that evening. 那天晚上我在读书。 I read a book that evening. 那天晚上我读了一本书。 三.when引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 when引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)when引导的时间状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语可以用非延续性动词,也可以用延续性动词。 It was raining when he reached Zhengzhou. 当他到郑州时正在下雨。 Someone called my name when I was waiting for the bus.我正在等公共汽车时,有人叫了我的名字。 (2)在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。 I was listening to music when you called me.我正在听音乐,你(突然)给我打电话了。 We were dancing when a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞,一个陌生人(突然)走了进来。 这种情况下也可以用while表达,但不强调突然性。 While we were dancing, a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。(只表明事实,不强调突然性) 四.while引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)通常while所引导的时间状语只指时间段,因此在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。 Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking.我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人敲门。 (2)当从句和主句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,且都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导从句。 My father was teaching me to play chess while my mother was correcting her students' homework.我妈妈在批改她的学生的家庭作业时,我爸爸在教我下国际象棋。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的主题是“情感和情绪”,要求学生用所学词汇和句型表达自己的感受、描述自己成长过程中遇到的情绪问题或针对他人的情绪问题提出建议。与此相关的写作维度包括: ①介绍情绪问题(自信问题、和家长沟通的问题等); ②针对这类问题总结自己的经验或提出建议。 中考文段表达中与此相关的命题形式通常有回复邮件/信件和投稿分享等。 2. 写作框架 假定你是李华,最近你的朋友Tony在与父母相处的过程中出现了沟通不畅的问题。他心情不佳,来信寻求你的帮助,请你给他写一封不少于50词的回信。 提示词语:communication problem, get along well with, put oneself in one's shoes, instead of 内容提示:·Comfort your friend. ·Give advice. Dear Tony, I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 3. 写作素材 1.put oneself in one's shoes 设身处地; 2.prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事; 3.clam down 保持克制 4.bridge the generation gap 弥合代沟 5.reach a compromise达成折衷方案 6.psychological well-being 心理幸福感 7.feel lonely 感到孤独 8.feel stressed 感到压力 9.Having a positive outlook on life might help you better handle pain or stress.保持积极的人生观或许能帮助您更好地应对痛苦或压力。 10.Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart instead of a method to solve the problem. 除此以外,当我们向父母倾诉自己的烦恼时,我们通常渴望得到倾听者的倾听和一颗敞开的心扉,而不是一个解决问题的方法。 4. 范文背诵 Dear Tony, I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 一.单词拼写 1.He was ________(惊讶的)to hear the bad news. 2.Many students feel ________(烦闷的)with too much homework. 3.Parents are ________(担心的)about their children’s safety. 4.Don’t ________(争吵)with your classmates over small things. 5.At ________(目前), we have no more time for the game. 二.首字母填空 6.I cannot s________ his bad manners any longer. 7.That p________ little girl has no food to eat in the story. 8.Can you u________ what the foreign speaker said? 9.It takes time to s________ such difficult social problems. 10.Don’t s________ at others; it will make them angry. 三.正确形式填空 11.He has good ________ (control) over his own temper. 12.He spoke with ________ (angry) when he saw the mess. 13.Happiness is one of our common ________ (emotion). 14.The bad news ________ (upset) all of us last night. 15.He is an ________ (ordinary) student, but he works hardest. 四.完成句子 16.True friends will ________________________(关心;在意)you all the time. 17.It’s easy to ________________________(和……交朋友)honest people. 18.Mum will ________________________(给某人一个拥抱)when you feel upset. 19.I often ________________________(和某人聊天)my deskmate after class. 20.It’s necessary for you ________________________(表达某人的感受)to your family. 五.单项选择 1.While we ________ in the street, we met our old neighbor. A.walked B.are walking C.were walking D.walk 2.The little girl ________ when I saw her yesterday. A.cried B.cries C.was crying D.is crying 3.(24-25八年级下·北京顺义·期末)My father ________ when I got home this afternoon. A.cooks B.cooked C.will cook D.was cooking 4.(24-25八年级下·江西上饶·期末)When the teacher arrived at the classroom, the children ________. It made the teacher surprised and happy. A.was reading B.is reading C.are reading D.were reading 5.(24-25八年级下·云南文山·期末)Darren was watching TV while I ________ a shower. A.take B.took C.is taking D.was taking 六.按要求写句子 1.My sister was cleaning the yard at that time. (改为否定句)                                2.The students were playing football over there. (改为一般疑问句)                                3.They were watching TV at 9:00 yesterday evening.(对画线部分提问)                                 4.They were running because they wanted to catch the early bus.(对画线部分提问)                                 5.Was your mother cooking in the kitchen? (作肯定回答)                                七.根据汉语意思和所给的提示词语翻译句子 1.昨天晚上八点我正在客厅看书。(living room, o’clock)                                2.当我到家的时候,我妈妈正在厨房做饭。(when, got)                                3.在我写家庭作业的时候,有人敲门了。(while, someone, at)                                4.我看到他的时候,他正在和他的哥哥踢足球。(saw, football)                                5.昨天晚上十点你在做什么?(what)                                八.写作 来自美国的新同学John最近感到压力很大,他没有好朋友,经常感到很孤独,在语文学习方面也有困难。假定你是李华,请给他写一封不少于50词的信,为他缓解压力提出些建议吧! 提示词语:lonely, normal, relieve stress, cheer...up, make progress 内容提示:·The reason why John feels stressed. ·Recommend the color therapy and its reason. ·Other advice. Dear John, Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions 主 题 词 汇 1.emotion n.情绪;情感 搭配emotional ups and downs(情绪起伏) 例:Teenagers often have strong emotions.(青少年常有强烈的情绪) 2.upset adj./v.难过的;使心烦 形容词搭配feel upset(感到难过) 动词搭配upset sb.(让某人心烦) I was upset because I missed the bus.(我因为错过公交车而难过) 3.nervous adj.紧张的;焦虑的 搭配be nervous about(对……紧张) She is nervous about speaking in public.(她对公开演讲感到紧张) 4.confident adj.自信的 搭配be confident in(对……自信) He is confident in his English skills.(他对自己的英语能力很自信) 5.recognise v.认出;意识到 搭配recognise ones feelings(意识到自己的情绪) Its important to recognise your own emotions.(意识到自己的情绪很重要) 6.manage v.管理;应付 搭配manage emotions(管理情绪) She learns to manage her anger well.(她学会了很好地管理自己的愤怒) 7.compare v.比较;对比 compare A with B(把A和B作比较) Don't compare yourself with others.(不要拿自己和别人比较) 8.personality n.性格;个性 搭配a cheerful personality(开朗的性格) Her friendly personality makes her popular.(她友善的性格让她很受欢迎) 9.apology n.道歉;致歉 搭配make an apology(道歉) He made an apology for his rudeness.(他为自己的无礼道歉) 10.forgive v.原谅;宽恕 搭配forgive sb. for sth.(原谅某人做某事) She forgave him for forgetting her birthday.(她原谅了他忘记自己的生日) 短 语 1.hold on to 坚持;紧握;保留 She held on to her feelings and didn't talk to anyone.(她压抑着自己的情绪,没跟任何人说) 2.turn a deaf ear to 对……充耳不闻;置之不理 Don't turn a deaf ear to your friends advice.(不要对朋友的建议置若罔闻) 3.feel like 感觉好像;想要 I feel like crying when I watch sad movies.(看悲伤的电影时,我想哭) 4.compare...with... 把……和……作比较 Parents shouldn't compare their children with others.(父母不应该拿自己的孩子和别人比较) 5.deal with处理;应对 He doesn't know how to deal with his stress.(他不知道如何应对自己的压力) 6.cheer up使振奋;使高兴起来 Lets cheer up our friend who failed the exam.(让我们让考试失利的朋友振作起来) 7.let sb. down 让某人失望 He didn't want to let his parents down.(他不想让父母失望) 8.make an apology 道歉 You should make an apology for being late.(你应该为迟到道歉) 9.be hard on oneself对自己严格;自责 Don't be too hard on yourself after making a mistake.(犯错后不要太自责) 10.take care of 照顾;照料 She takes good care of her little sister when parents are out.(父母外出时,她把妹妹照顾得很好) 11.in a friendly way以友好的方式 Talk to your brother in a friendly way instead of shouting.(友好地和你弟弟说话,而不是大喊大叫) 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1.询问情绪状况:Whats wrong with you? / How do you feel? 你怎么了?/ 你感觉怎么样?A: Whats wrong with you? B: I feel sad because I lost my pet.(A:你怎么了?B:我因为丢了宠物而难过) 2.描述情绪及原因:I feel + 情绪形容词 + because + 从句. 我感到……因为…… I feel nervous because I have a big test tomorrow.(我感到紧张,因为我明天有一场重要的考试) 3.描述过去同时进行的动作:While/When + 主语 + was/were doing, 主语 + was/were doing. 当……正在做某事时,……正在做某事。 While my mom was cooking, I was doing my homework.(妈妈做饭的时候,我正在写作业) 强调两个动作同时进行,while后接持续性动词,when后可接短暂性或持续性动词 4.给出情绪管理建议:You should + 动词原形 + 其他. 你应该…… You should talk to your parents about your worries.(你应该和父母谈谈你的烦恼) 5.道歉句型:I’m sorry for (doing) sth. / I want to make an apology for... 我为(做了)某事道歉。 I’m sorry for shouting at you yesterday.(我为昨天对你大喊大叫道歉) 6.回应道歉:Its OK. / Its not all your fault. / Don't be too hard on yourself. 没关系。/ 不全是你的错。/ 别太自责。 A: I’m sorry for breaking your pen. B: Its OK.(A:我很抱歉弄坏了你的笔。B:没关系) 7.自我认知描述:I think I am + 性格形容词. / I like/dislike my + 外貌/性格名词. 我觉得我是……的。/ 我喜欢/不喜欢我的…… I think I am outgoing, but I Don't like my short hair.(我觉得我很外向,但我不喜欢我的短发) 语法 过去进行时 写作 介绍情绪问题(自信问题、和家长沟通的问题等) 一、知识点精讲 1. emotion n.强烈的感情,激情,情感,情绪 【用法释义】 为可数名词,可搭配“express/show/control + emotion”(表达/表现/控制情感); 常用复数形式emotions表示“多种情感”,主语多为人或人的内心活动。 【常用搭配】 express one's emotions 表达某人的情感 control one's emotions 控制某人的情绪 a wave of emotion 一阵情感(如一阵悲伤、一阵喜悦) 【用法举例】 Music can help people release their hidden emotions.(音乐能帮助人们释放隐藏的情感。) He couldn't hold back his emotion when he heard the good news.(听到这个好消息时,他抑制不住自己的情绪。) The actress showed different emotions perfectly in the movie.(这位女演员在电影中完美地展现了不同的情感。) 2. bored adj.厌倦的,烦闷的 【用法释义】 常用搭配“be bored with sth./doing sth.”,表示“对某事/做某事感到厌倦”; 注意与“boring”区分:boring主语是物或事情,意为“令人厌倦的”(如a boring book一本无聊的书)。 【常用搭配】 be bored with (doing) sth. 对(做)某事感到厌倦 get bored 变得无聊 be bored to death 无聊得要死 【用法举例】 I'm bored with watching this repetitive TV show.(我对看这个重复的电视节目感到厌倦。) The children got bored after staying at home for a whole day.(孩子们在家待了一整天后变得无聊了。) She was bored to death during the long meeting.(漫长的会议期间,她无聊得要死。) 3. surprised adj.惊奇的,惊讶的 【用法释义】 常用搭配:“be surprised at sth.”(对某事感到惊讶)、“be surprised to do sth.”(做某事时感到惊讶)、“be surprised that...”(对……感到惊讶); 注意与“surprising”区分:surprising主语是物或事情,意为“令人惊讶的”(如a surprising result一个令人惊讶的结果)。 【常用搭配】 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be surprised that... 对……感到惊讶 【用法举例】 We are all surprised at his sudden decision to leave.(我们都对他突然决定离开感到惊讶。) She was surprised to find her lost key in the pocket.(她惊讶地发现丢失的钥匙在口袋里。) I'm surprised that you can finish the work in such a short time.(我很惊讶你能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。) 4. receive vt.拿到,接到,收到 【用法释义】 常用搭配“receive sth. from sb.”(从某人那里收到某物)。 【常用搭配】 receive a letter/package/gift 收到信/包裹/礼物 receive a call/email 接到电话/收到邮件 receive sth. from sb. 从某人那里收到某物 【用法举例】 She received a birthday gift from her best friend last week.(上周她收到了最好朋友送的生日礼物。) I received a call from my teacher this morning.(今天早上我接到了老师的电话。) He received an email about the meeting time just now.(他刚才收到一封关于会议时间的邮件。) 5. nothing pron.没有什么 【用法释义】 常用搭配:“have nothing to do”(无事可做)、“nothing but”(除了……之外什么也没有,只不过)。 【常用搭配】 have nothing to do 无事可做 nothing but 除了……之外什么也没有;只不过 There is nothing wrong with... ……没什么问题 【用法举例】 There is nothing in the empty box.(这个空盒子里什么也没有。) I have nothing to do this weekend, so I plan to read books.(这个周末我无事可做,所以打算看书。) He said nothing but smiled when he saw me.(看到我时,他什么也没说,只是笑了笑。) 6. stand vt.&vi.vt. 容忍,忍受;站立,直立vi. 站立,直立 【用法释义】 表“容忍”:stand sb./sth.(容忍某人/某事)、stand doing sth.(容忍做某事),仅用于否定句/疑问句; 表“站立”:可单独作不及物动词(如stand up站起来),也可作及物动词接宾语(如stand the table by the window把桌子放在窗边)。 【常用搭配】 can't stand sb./sth. 不能容忍某人/某事 can't stand doing sth. 不能容忍做某事 stand up 站起来;起立 stand by 支持;袖手旁观 【用法举例】 I can't stand the noise from the next room.(我受不了隔壁房间的噪音。) She can't stand waiting for others for a long time.(她不能容忍等别人很长时间。) Everyone stood up when the teacher entered the classroom.(老师走进教室时,所有人都站了起来。) 7. control vt.&n.vt. 指挥,控制,掌管n. 管理权,控制权 【用法释义】 动词:“control sb./sth.”(控制某人/某事)、“control oneself”(控制自己的情绪、行为); 名词:“take control of”(掌控……)、“lose control of”(失去对……的控制)、“under control”(处于控制之中)。 【常用搭配】 control oneself 控制自己(的情绪/行为) take control of 掌控…… lose control of 失去对……的控制 under control 处于控制之中 【用法举例】 She tried to control her anger when she heard the bad news.(听到坏消息时,她努力控制自己的愤怒。) The government took control of the situation quickly.(政府迅速掌控了局势。) The fire is finally under control after hours of hard work.(经过数小时的努力,火势终于得到了控制。) 8. while conj.在……期间,当……的时候;虽然,尽管 【用法释义】 引导时间状语从句:表示“当……发生时,另一件事正在进行”,从句常用进行时(如I was reading while he was watching TV.); 引导让步状语从句:表示“虽然、尽管”,语气比“though”“although”弱,常放在句首,且从句与主句之间用逗号隔开(如While he is young, he is very experienced.)。 【常用搭配】 while doing sth. 当做某事的时候(省略从句主语,主语需与主句一致) while + 从句(进行时) 当……正在发生时 While..., 主句. 虽然……,但是……(不可与but连用) 【用法举例】 I often listen to music while I am doing my homework.(我做作业时经常听音乐。) While she is not good at math, she does well in English.(虽然她数学不好,但英语学得很好。) He fell asleep while watching a boring movie.(他看无聊电影时睡着了。) 9. among prep.在……中,周围是;……之一(用于三者或三者以上的“在……之间” 【用法释义】 后接复数名词或集合名词(如among the students在学生们中、among the trees在树林中); 表“……之一”时,常用“among + 复数名词”(如among the best students在最好的学生之中)。 【常用搭配】 among + 复数名词 在……之中(三者及以上) among friends 在朋友中 be among the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 是……中最……之一 【用法举例】 She found her key among the books on the desk.(她在桌子上的书中间找到了钥匙。) He is very popular among his classmates because he is friendly.(他在同学中很受欢迎,因为他很友好。) This book is among the most interesting books I have ever read.(这本书是我读过的最有趣的书之一。) 10. compare vt.比较,对比 【用法释义】 常用搭配:“compare A with B”(将A与B比较,侧重找不同)、“compare A to B”(将A比作B,侧重打比方,如把人生比作旅程); 可用于“compared with/to...”(与……相比),作状语,放句首或句末。 【常用搭配】 compare A with B 将A与B比较 compare A to B 将A比作B compared with/to... 与……相比 【用法举例】 The teacher asked us to compare the two poems and find their differences.(老师让我们比较这两首诗,找出它们的不同之处。) People often compare life to a journey full of challenges.(人们常把人生比作一段充满挑战的旅程。) Compared with last year, our company's profits have increased a lot this year.(与去年相比,我们公司今年的利润增长了很多。) 11. harm n.&vt.n. 伤害,损害vt. 伤害,损害 【常用搭配】 do harm to sb./sth. 对某人/某事造成伤害 harm sb./sth. 伤害某人/某事 no harm done 没造成伤害;没关系(用于道歉后回应) 【用法举例】 Too much screen time can do harm to your eyes.(长时间看屏幕会对你的眼睛造成伤害。) Don't harm the small animals; they are our friends.(不要伤害小动物,它们是我们的朋友。) I accidentally knocked over his cup, but he said "no harm done".(我不小心打翻了他的杯子,但他说“没关系”。) 12. succeed vi.成功 【用法释义】 常用搭配“succeed in (doing) sth.”(成功做某事); 可用于“succeed to sth.”(继承某物,如继承财产、职位),但较少见,日常主要用“succeed in doing sth.”。 【常用搭配】 succeed in (doing) sth. 成功做某事 succeed in one's career 在事业上成功 succeed to the throne 继承王位(较正式) 【用法举例】 He worked hard and finally succeeded in passing the exam.(他努力学习,最终成功通过了考试。) She hopes to succeed in her dream of becoming a famous singer.(她希望能实现成为著名歌手的梦想。) After years of hard work, the company succeeded in developing a new product.(经过多年努力,这家公司成功研发出了一款新产品。) 二、核心语法精讲 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”。除此之外,过去进行时还可以和when、while、as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用,构成复合句。 一.过去进行时的各种句式 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+ 现在分词+其他. I was helping my father in the garden at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我正在花园里帮爸爸干活。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+现在分词+其他. I wasn't drawing at four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午四点我没有画画。 一般疑 问句  Was/Were+主语+ 现在分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答:No, 主 语+wasn't/weren't. —Were you doing housework then?那个时候你在做家务吗? —Yes, I was./No, I wasn't.是的,我在做。/不,我没在做。 特殊疑 问句  特殊疑问词(不作 主语)+was/were+ 主语+现在分词+其他? What were you reading this morning?今天早上你在读什么? 特殊疑问词(作主语)+was/were+现在分词+其他? Who was playing basketball here at eight last night?昨天晚上八点谁在这里打篮球了? 二.过去进行时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与then、at this/that time yesterday、at that moment、at ten o'clock yesterday等时间状语连用 —What were you doing at seven last night?昨晚七点你在做什么? —I was watching TV.我在看电视。 表示过去某段时间内一直持续进行的动作,常与the whole morning、“from+时间点+to+时间点+last night”等时间状语连用 We were waiting for you the whole morning.我们一整个早上都在等你。 在讲故事的语境中,用来描绘一幅景象 It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它正坐在树上,朝着大家微笑。 注意 过去进行时与一般过去时 时态 区别 过去进行时 强调过去某一时刻或某一时段内正在进行或持续的动作 一般过去时 表示过去的时间里所发生的动作,且动作往往已经完成 I was reading a book that evening. 那天晚上我在读书。 I read a book that evening. 那天晚上我读了一本书。 三.when引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 when引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)when引导的时间状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语可以用非延续性动词,也可以用延续性动词。 It was raining when he reached Zhengzhou. 当他到郑州时正在下雨。 Someone called my name when I was waiting for the bus.我正在等公共汽车时,有人叫了我的名字。 (2)在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。 I was listening to music when you called me.我正在听音乐,你(突然)给我打电话了。 We were dancing when a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞,一个陌生人(突然)走了进来。 这种情况下也可以用while表达,但不强调突然性。 While we were dancing, a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。(只表明事实,不强调突然性) 四.while引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)通常while所引导的时间状语只指时间段,因此在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。 Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking.我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人敲门。 (2)当从句和主句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,且都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导从句。 My father was teaching me to play chess while my mother was correcting her students' homework.我妈妈在批改她的学生的家庭作业时,我爸爸在教我下国际象棋。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的主题是“情感和情绪”,要求学生用所学词汇和句型表达自己的感受、描述自己成长过程中遇到的情绪问题或针对他人的情绪问题提出建议。与此相关的写作维度包括: ①介绍情绪问题(自信问题、和家长沟通的问题等); ②针对这类问题总结自己的经验或提出建议。 中考文段表达中与此相关的命题形式通常有回复邮件/信件和投稿分享等。 2. 写作框架 假定你是李华,最近你的朋友Tony在与父母相处的过程中出现了沟通不畅的问题。他心情不佳,来信寻求你的帮助,请你给他写一封不少于50词的回信。 提示词语:communication problem, get along well with, put oneself in one's shoes, instead of 内容提示:·Comfort your friend. ·Give advice. Dear Tony, I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 3. 写作素材 1.put oneself in one's shoes 设身处地; 2.prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事; 3.clam down 保持克制 4.bridge the generation gap 弥合代沟 5.reach a compromise达成折衷方案 6.psychological well-being 心理幸福感 7.feel lonely 感到孤独 8.feel stressed 感到压力 9.Having a positive outlook on life might help you better handle pain or stress.保持积极的人生观或许能帮助您更好地应对痛苦或压力。 10.Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart instead of a method to solve the problem. 除此以外,当我们向父母倾诉自己的烦恼时,我们通常渴望得到倾听者的倾听和一颗敞开的心扉,而不是一个解决问题的方法。 4. 范文背诵 Dear Tony, I'm sorry to hear about your communication problems in getting along well with your parents, but I understand how you feel since I've had similar problems before. Here are my suggestions and I hope things can get better soon. First, let's put ourselves in their shoes. Parents love us and often try to prevent us from making mistakes, so understanding each other matters a lot in improving the family relationship.Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart instead of a method to solve the problem. Therefore, what you need to do is telling them about this honestly and trust them. I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 一.单词拼写 1.He was ________(惊讶的)to hear the bad news. 2.Many students feel ________(烦闷的)with too much homework. 3.Parents are ________(担心的)about their children’s safety. 4.Don’t ________(争吵)with your classmates over small things. 5.At ________(目前), we have no more time for the game. 【答案】1.surprised 2. bored 3. worried 4. argue 5. present 二.首字母填空 6.I cannot s________ his bad manners any longer. 7.That p________ little girl has no food to eat in the story. 8.Can you u________ what the foreign speaker said? 9.It takes time to s________ such difficult social problems. 10.Don’t s________ at others; it will make them angry. 【答案】6.stand 7. poor 8. understand 9. solve 10. shout 三.正确形式填空 11.He has good ________ (control) over his own temper. 12.He spoke with ________ (angry) when he saw the mess. 13.Happiness is one of our common ________ (emotion). 14.The bad news ________ (upset) all of us last night. 15.He is an ________ (ordinary) student, but he works hardest. 【答案】11.control 12.anger 13.emotions 14.upset 15.ordinary 四.完成句子 16.True friends will ________________________(关心;在意)you all the time. 17.It’s easy to ________________________(和……交朋友)honest people. 18.Mum will ________________________(给某人一个拥抱)when you feel upset. 19.I often ________________________(和某人聊天)my deskmate after class. 20.It’s necessary for you ________________________(表达某人的感受)to your family. 【答案】16.care about 17.make friends with 18.give you a hug 19.have a chat with 20.to express your feelings 五.单项选择 1.While we ________ in the street, we met our old neighbor. A.walked B.are walking C.were walking D.walk 【答案】C 【详解】句意:当我们正在街上走的时候,我们遇到了我们的老邻居。 考查动词时态辨析。walked动词过去式;are walking动词现在进行时;were walking动词过去进行时;walk动词原形。while引导时间状语从句时,常强调主句动作发生时,从句动作正在进行。其引导的从句一般用进行时态,结构为“be+现在分词”;主句中met是meet的过去式,表明主句是一般过去时,while引导的从句要用过去进行时,来体现“遇到邻居”这个动作发生时,“走路”这个动作正在进行。故选C。 2.The little girl ________ when I saw her yesterday. A.cried B.cries C.was crying D.is crying 【答案】C 【详解】句意:昨天当我看见那个小女孩时,她正在哭。 考查动词时态。根据“when I saw her yesterday”可知,此处表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作,用过去进行时was/were doing。故选C。 3.(24-25八年级下·北京顺义·期末)My father ________ when I got home this afternoon. A.cooks B.cooked C.will cook D.was cooking 【答案】D 【详解】句意:今天下午我到家时,我父亲正在做饭。 考查动词时态。根据“when I got home this afternoon.”可知,主句需要用过去进行时来表达“在那个时间点正在进行的动作”,父亲的动作(做饭)应强调“我到家时”正在进行,因此用过去进行时“was cooking ”。故选D。 4.(24-25八年级下·江西上饶·期末)When the teacher arrived at the classroom, the children ________. It made the teacher surprised and happy. A.was reading B.is reading C.are reading D.were reading 【答案】D 【详解】句意:当老师到达教室时,孩子们正在读书。这让老师既惊讶又高兴。 考查时态。根据“When the teacher arrived at the classroom, the children...”可知,主句动作发生在过去某一时刻(老师到达时),且强调“孩子们正在读书”这一持续动作,需用过去进行时“was/were doing”,主语“the children”是复数,be动词用were。故选D。 5.(24-25八年级下·云南文山·期末)Darren was watching TV while I ________ a shower. A.take B.took C.is taking D.was taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意:当我正在淋浴时,达伦正在看电视。 考查动词时态。分析子结构可知,句子描述两个同时发生的过去动作:“Darren看电视”和“我洗澡”;主句用过去进行时“was watching”,从句需用相同时态,强调“过去某时刻正在进行的动作”,其结构为was/were doing;主语为“I”,be动词应用was,动词take的现在分词为taking。故选D。 六.按要求写句子 1.My sister was cleaning the yard at that time. (改为否定句)                                2.The students were playing football over there. (改为一般疑问句)                                3.They were watching TV at 9:00 yesterday evening.(对画线部分提问)                                 4.They were running because they wanted to catch the early bus.(对画线部分提问)                                 5.Was your mother cooking in the kitchen? (作肯定回答)                                【答案】1.My sister wasn’t cleaning the yard at that time. 2.Were the students playing football over there? 3.What were they doing at 9:00 yesterday evening? 4.Why were they running? 5.Yes, she was. 七.根据汉语意思和所给的提示词语翻译句子 1.昨天晚上八点我正在客厅看书。(living room, o’clock)                                2.当我到家的时候,我妈妈正在厨房做饭。(when, got)                                3.在我写家庭作业的时候,有人敲门了。(while, someone, at)                                4.我看到他的时候,他正在和他的哥哥踢足球。(saw, football)                                5.昨天晚上十点你在做什么?(what)                                【答案】1.I was reading a book in the living room at eight o’clock yesterday evening. 2.When I got home, my mother was cooking in the kitchen. 3.While I was doing my homework, someone knocked at the door. 4.When I saw him, he was playing football with his brother. 5.What were you doing at ten o’clock yesterday evening? 八.写作 来自美国的新同学John最近感到压力很大,他没有好朋友,经常感到很孤独,在语文学习方面也有困难。假定你是李华,请给他写一封不少于50词的信,为他缓解压力提出些建议吧! 提示词语:lonely, normal, relieve stress, cheer...up, make progress 内容提示:·The reason why John feels stressed. ·Recommend the color therapy and its reason. ·Other advice. Dear John, Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. 【答案】 Dear John, Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. As for the first problem, you have no good friends and often feel lonely maybe because you are new here and people don't know you well yet. For the second problem, it's normal for you to feel stressed because Chinese is a really difficult language for foreigners. Therefore, according to the color therapy, I suggest you surround yourself with blue. Blue can make you feel calm, which can help you relieve stress and make progress in Chinese learning. Moreover, you can choose yellow, which brings a sense of energy and cheers you up. Then you may get on well with your classmates and make more friends. There are plenty of other ways to relieve stress, such as running, dancing and singing. They can make you relaxed both physically and mentally. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版八年级上册
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Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版八年级上册
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Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语新教材北师大版八年级上册
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