17 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 The mass media（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考核心考点，整合课标词汇、复杂句式、阅读策略及写作技能，按“基础积累-考点突破-综合应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过高考原句句式分析、核心单词语境练悟、经典句式归纳等环节梳理考点，结合真题训练与分层练习，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破语法、词汇及语篇理解难点。 讲义创新采用“真题-教材-微技能”三维联动模式，如核心单词通过熟词生义辨析与高考例句对接培养语言能力，读后续写微技能训练结合动作描写多样化表达提升思维品质。设置基础巩固、能力提升、培优拓展分层练习，配合话题微写作实战训练，确保学生高效掌握应考策略，为教师把控复习节奏、提升教学针对性提供有力支持。

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1．(2024·北京卷)It can be imagined that comparable to the process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor­based model will also be a hugely rewarding exercise． 本句是一个复杂句式。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that从句；在从句中，comparable to the process of building previous scientific models是形容词短语作状语，developing the “computer simulation” metaphor­based mode是v．­ing短语作主语。 可以想象，与之前构建科学模型的过程相比，开发基于“计算机模拟”隐喻的模型也将是一项非常有益的工作。 2．(2024·北京卷) He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions． 本句是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；when 引导时间状语从句。 他发现，与狐狸型相比，刺猬型不仅犯错更多，而且当事情与他们的预测不一致时，他们不可能认识到或承认自己错了。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写作单词|悉其识 1．　critical　 ad． 批评的，批判性的 2．　trap　 vt． 使落入险境；卡住 n． 陷阱；圈套 3．　release　 vt． 发布；释放 n． 释放；发行 4．　ambulance　 n． 救护车 5．　dozen　 n． 许多；一打 6．　scream　 vi．&vt． 尖叫；发出 v． 尖叫 7．　choke　 v． 窒息；哽咽 8．　cigarette　 n． 香烟 9．　automatic　 adj． 自动的；无意识 10．　priority　 n． 优先事项；优先权 11．　instance　 n． 例子；事例 12．　false　 adj． 错误的，伪造的 13．　maximum　 n． 最大限度 adj． 最高的，最多的 14．　committed　 adj． 尽心尽力的 15．　commitment　 n． 献身，投入 16．　citizen　 n． 公民；市民 17．　found　 vt． 创建，创办 18．　accuse　 vt．　　　　谴责，控诉 19．　scholarship　 n． 奖学金；学术研究 20．　category　 n． 类别，种类 21．　nevertheless　 adv． 尽管如此 22．　witness　 vt．&vi． 见证；目击 23．　platform　 n． 月台；站台 24．　interaction　 n． 互动；相互作用 25．　membership　 n． 会员身份 26．　broadcast　 n． 电视节目 v． 广播 27．　boost　 vt． 使增长，使兴旺 n． 增长，提高 28．　purchase　 vt． 买，购买 29．　placement　 n． 放置 30．　sponsor　 vt． 赞助；主办 n． 赞助商 31．　absorb　 vt． 理解，掌握 32．　discount　 n． 折扣 vt． 打折出售 33．　tailor　 vt． 专门制作 n． 裁缝 34．　discrimination　 n． 辨别力 拓展单词|通其用 1．　extend　 vt．延长→　extension　 n．延伸；扩大 2．　construction　 n．建造；建设；建筑→　construct　 vt．建设；建造 3．　bathe　 v．洗澡；游泳→　bath　 n．洗浴，洗澡 4．　investigate　 v．调查→　investigation　 n．调查 5．　journalist　 n．新闻记者→　journalism　 n．新闻业，新闻 6．　contradict　 vt．反驳；驳斥→　contradictory　 adj．相反的，对立的 7．　fact　 n．事实→　factual　 adj．事实的 8．　differ　 vi．不同，有区别→　difference　 n．区别→　different　 adj．不同的→　differently　 adv．不同地 9．　conclusion　 n．结论→　conclude　 vt．下结论；结束 10．　accurate　 adj．精确的→　accuracy　 n．精确 11．　curious　 adj．好奇的→　curiosity　 n．好奇心→　curiously　 adv．好奇地 12．　political　 adj．政治的→　politics　 n．政治(学)→　politician　 n．政治家 13．　edition　 n．(广播，电视节目)期，版→　edit　 v．编辑，校订 14．　advertise　 vt．&vi．做广告；登广告→　advertisement　 n．广告→　advertising　 n．广告活动 15．　persuasion　 n．说服，劝说→　persuade　 v．说服，劝说 16．　psychology　 n．心理(学) →　psychological　 adj．心理(学)的；精神上的→　psychologically　 adv．心理(学)地；精神上地 17．　memory　 n．记忆→　memorize　 vt．记住；熟记→　memorable　 adj．难忘的；值得纪念的 18．　amusing　 adj．有趣的；可笑的→　amuse　 vt．使快乐；逗乐→　amused　 adj．被逗乐的 阅读单词|明其义 1．minor adj．　　　　轻微的，次要的　 2．bark v．& n． 　吠叫，厉声发令　 3．carpet n． 　地毯　 4．tax n． 　税，税款　 vt． 　对……征税　 5．drama n． 　戏剧；戏剧性事件　 6．edition n．　　　　　版本；一份　 7．chart n． 　图表；海图　 8．channel n． 　途径；海峡；波段　 9．teapot n． 　茶壶　 10．rating n． 　收视率；等级　 1．新闻媒体相关词汇一览 2．众“说”纷纭 ①journalist n．记者；新闻工作者 ②reporter n．记者 ③editor n．编辑 ④chief editor 主编 ⑤photographer n．摄影师 ⑥daily n．日报 ⑦weekly n．周报 ⑧mass media 大众传播媒介 ①chat vi．&n． 聊天；闲聊 ②whisper vi．小声说；耳语 ③inform vt．通知；告知 ④announce vt．宣告；宣布 ⑤declare vt．宣布；声明 ⑥state vt．声明；陈述 ⑦claim vt．声称；要求 ⑧broadcast vt．播报 [Part 2　妙记·核心短语] 1．　come about　　　　　　发生 2．　bring sth． to light　 揭露/披露某事 3．　sum up　 总结，概括 4．　be committed to　 致力于 5．　mount up　 增加，上升 6．dozens of　　　　　很多，许多　 7．spring up 　迅速出现，突然兴起　 8．get across 　被传达，被理解　 9．brighten up 　(使)增添乐趣　 10．for instance 　例如，比如　 1．come短语大团圆 2．表示“通常；总之”的词语大全 ①come up 走近；上来；被提出，被提及 ②come about 发生；产生 ③come across 遇见，(偶然)发现；被理解 ④come on 来吧；赶快；进行 ⑤come to 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉 ⑥come out 开花；发芽；出版 ⑦when it comes to．．． 当涉及……；当谈到…… ①in general 通常 ②on the whole 总之 ③in a word 总之 ④all in all 总之 ⑤in conclusion 总之 ⑥in short/brief 总之；简言之 ⑦to sum up 总之 ⑧to conclude 总之 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1．be thought to have done．．． 被认为做了…… The fire, which 　is thought to have started　 (被认为开始的) from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped． 2．be about to do when．．． 正要做……这时…… I 　was about to have a bath when　 (我正要洗澡这时) I heard people screaming and dogs barking． 3．while 作并列连词 We can see that the first new report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, 　while　 (而) the second talks more about deaths and injuries． 4．It is/was ＋the ＋序数词＋time ＋that 从句 When O'Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, 　it was the fourth time he had won it　 (这是他第四次获得该奖)． 5．the＋比较级，the＋比较级 　The more we like the brand ambassador　 (我们越喜欢品牌大使)，the more we will be attracted to buy the product． [核心单词] 1．critical adj．批评的，批判性的，挑剔的；关键的；危急的 ►[教材对接] Be a critical news reader! 做一个批判性的新闻读者！ [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①Tom's parents are critical 　of　 him． ②Parental attention is critical 　to　 the child's socialization． ③Learning to think 　critically　 (critical) is an important skill today's children will need for the future． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)be critical of 对……挑剔/提出批评 (2)be critical to 对……极为重要/是关键的 (3)be of critical importance 至关重要的 (4)critically adv．批判地；危急地 critic n．批评家，评论家，评论员 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④Recent research has shown 　the critical importance of diet and exercise　 for personal health． 最近的研究表明，饮食和锻炼对个人健康至关重要。 2．trap vt．使落入险境；卡住，绊住；诱骗，诱使n．陷阱，罗网，夹子；圈套，诡计；困境，牢笼 ►[教材对接] The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped． 周日晚上的大火被认为是从8楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①They were trapped 　in　 the burning building． ②(2024·1月浙江卷)If I ever get 　trapped　(trap)outside my house again，my local telephone box will，sadly，no longer be able to connect me with my keys． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)be trapped in 被困在……中，陷入…… (2)trap sb． into doing sth． 诱骗某人干某事 (3)set/lay a trap (for)(为……)设置陷阱/布下圈套 (4)fall/walk into a trap 落入陷阱 [链接写作]——完成句子 ③The eye­catching advertisements will 　trap us into buying things　 that we actually don't need． 这些引人注目的广告会诱使我们买一些我们实际上并不需要的东西。 3．differ vi．不同，有区别 ►[教材对接] For instance, the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire． 例如，在亨德森大厦火灾的两篇新闻报道中，死亡人数有所不同。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国甲卷)When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club－women, or people of a 　different　 (differ)color or belief－they were unacknowledged and rejected by others． ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The 　differences　(differ) between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties． ③(2023·北京卷)In what way is a routine different 　from　 a habit? [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)differ in 在……方面不同 differ from 与……不同 differ with sb．about/on sth． 关于某事与某人意见不同 (2)difference n．不同；区别 (3)different adj．不同的；相异的 be different from．．． in．．． 在……方面与……不同 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④In many ways，the education system in the U．S．is not very 　different from that in the U．K．　． 在很多方面，美国的教育体系不同于英国的。 4．conclusion n．结论 ►[教材对接] When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports give false information． 当我们遇到这样的事实差异时，我们不应该急于得出结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了虚假消息。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter concludes 　with　 a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter． ②They came to 　a　 conclusion that it was a thief who had stolen their diamond necklace． ③What can we conclude 　from　 Stafford's research? [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 总而言之 (2)conclude v．结束；推断出 to conclude最后 conclude (from sth．) that．．．(从……中)推断出…… conclude sth．with sth．以……结束…… [链接写作]——完成句子 ④　In conclusion，we have benefited a lot from the activity．　 总之，我们在这个活动中受益很多。 5．accuse vt．控告；控诉；谴责 ►[教材对接] His paper published articles about politics and social issues, accusing government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes． 他的报纸刊登关于政治和社会问题的文章，谴责政府官员满口谎言和富人逃税。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①The 　accused　 (accuse) was found innocent． ②This company was accused 　of　 using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the weight loss pills． ③They charged him 　with　 taking bribes． [考点归纳]——知识生成 accuse sb．of sth． 控告某人某事；谴责某人某物 charge sb．with sth． 控告某人某事 blame sb．for sth． 因为某事而责备某人 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④He 　accused his boss of　 having broken his word． 他指责老板不守信用。 6．witness vt．& vi．是发生……的时间，见证；目击；作证n． 目击者；证人；证据 ►[教材对接] The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media． 过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江卷)To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness 　to　 the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime． ②The driver witnessed to 　seeing/having seen　 (see) the man enter the building． ③(2023·1月浙江卷)I was on my way 　to witness　(witness) a unique honey harvest． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)witness to doing． 为……作证；出庭证明；证实 witness for 为……作证 (2)a witness to．．． ……的证人(证据) a witness for 作证；为……辩护 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④With economy developing at great speed，our city 　have witnessed many changes in recent years　． 随着经济的快速发展，最近几年，我们的城市见证了许多变化。 [间考单词] 1．scream vi．& vt．尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①(2021·浙江卷)My kids screamed 　with　 joy． We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day． ②Calm down and stop screaming 　at　 me． ③Look！From opposite the street come two kids, 　screaming in panic　 (惊慌地尖叫着)． 2．choke vt．& vi．(使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来n．窒息，哽咽，哽咽声；进气门 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①The old man choked 　to　 death on a fish bone． ②The increasing number of cars on the road choke 　off　 traffic． This is the reason why we can't get here on time． ③Her voice 　was choked with excitement　． 她因太激动而声音哽咽。 3．persuade vt．说服；劝说；使相信 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/选词填空/句型转换 ①Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me 　to buy　 (buy) one． →Though I had ②　advised　 her for many times，I couldn't ③　persuade　 her to go abroad with me because her life experience had ④　persuaded　 her that she could not live on without her parents．(persuade，advise) ⑤I am trying to persuade him to give up the attempt． →I am trying to 　persuade him into giving up　 the attempt． ⑥Can we persuade her out of carrying out the foolish plan? →Can we 　persuade her not to carry out　 the foolish plan? 1．come about发生 ►[教材对接] How do these differences come about? 这些差异是如何产生的呢？ [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ① It's already 10 o'clock． I wonder how it came 　about　 that she was two hours late on such a short trip． ②－I'm dead tired． I can't walk any further, Jenny． －Come 　on/along　， Tommy． You can do it． ③The dictionary is being printed and it will soon come 　out　． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)come on 进展，进步；跟随，跟着来；来吧，快点，得啦 (2)come out 出版，发行，发表；长出，发芽，开花；被获知；(品质等)显示，显出 (3)come over 顺便来访，拜访 (4)come through 经历；通过；收到，到达 (5)come to 共计，达到；达到……地步；达成；苏醒 (6)come to oneself 苏醒过来；醒悟过来 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④Can you tell me 　how the accident came about　？ 你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？ 2．bring．．．to light揭露，披露 ►[教材对接] News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light． 随着新的事实被披露，在同一事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①Good harvest will bring 　down　 the prices． ②He was brought 　up　 by his grandmother in the country． ③Her new suggestion was brought 　forward　 at the meeting yesterday． ④He brought 　out　 two new books at the same time last year． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)bring down 使倒下；使下降；打倒；击落 (2)bring forward 提出，提议；提前 (3)bring in 引进，引入，增加；收(庄稼等)；提出；获利，赚钱 (4)bring through 使度过(困难) (5)bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出；呕吐；抚养，养育，教养 (6)bring out 使显现，使表现出，阐明；出版，生产；使……说出 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤These figures 　have just been brought to light　． 这些人物刚刚被披露出来。 1．动词不定式的完成式 ►[教材对接] The fire，which is thought to have started from the 8th floor，spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night，leaving people on the upper floors trapped． 周日晚上的大火被认为是从8楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①He is thought 　to get up　 (get up) at 5 o'clock every morning． ②Tom is thought 　to have made　 (make) great contributions to his class, but he denies it． ③Chinese is thought 　to be spoken　 (speak) even more widely in the future world． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)Sb．＋be thought＋to do sth． ……(要)干某事 (2)Sb．＋be thought＋to be doing ……正在干某事 (3)Sb．＋be thought＋to have done sth． ……已经干了某事 (4)Sth．＋be thought＋to be done ……要做的事 此结构相当于：It is thought that．．．或People think that．．． [链接写作]——完成句子 ④Loulan is thought 　to have been covered over　 gradually by sandstorms hundreds of years ago． 人们认为楼兰是几百年前逐渐被沙尘暴所覆盖。 2．while作并列连词 ►[教材对接] We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, while the second talks more about deaths and injuries． 我们可以看到第一篇新闻报道更加关注救援工作，而第二篇新闻报道谈论更多的是伤亡情况。 [语境练悟]——指出while的用法 ①I drink black coffee while he prefers it with milk． 　并列连词，而　 ②Please be quiet while I'm talking to you． 　从属连词，当……时候　 ③(2023·北京卷)While a routine involves repeated behaviour, it's not necessarily performed in response to a deep­rooted urge, as a habit is． 　从属连词，虽然　 [考点归纳]——知识生成 用法 归纳 (1)while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。 (2)while意为“然而；可是”，用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比。 (3)while意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折。 注意 事项 while意为“虽然，尽管”时，与although，though用法相同，不与but 连用。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④In some places，women are expected to earn money 　while men work at home and raise their children　． 在一些地方，人们指望妇女去挣钱，而男人们则在家做家务、带孩子。 [全练透] Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a 　critical　 (批判的) eye． 2．The show has been 　extended　 (延长) for another six week． 3．She coughed and 　choked　 (哽咽) and could hardly survive her first few weeks． 4．When he brings his speech to a nice 　conclusion　 (结束), we invite the rest of the class to praise him． 5．I have 　committed　 (保证) myself，and there is no way to draw back． 6．The police have issued an appeal for 　witnesses　 (目击证人)． 7．Burning with 　curiosity　 (好奇心), she ran across the field after the hare． 8．Who is qualified to apply for 　membership　 (成员资格) of the association? 9．He dealt with the problem in a highly 　professional　 (专业的) way． 10．The government was 　accused　 (指控) of lying to citizens． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．Many facts emerged as a result of the 　investigation　(investigate)． 2．He was angry; but with everybody present, he kept his temper 　under　 control． 3．Rescue workers were sent to relieve the 　trapped　 (trap) coal miners． 4．Many things left by the ancient Egyptians in tombs have been brought 　to　 light by archaeologists． 5．The latest information 　was released　 (release) to the media just after the meeting． 6．He is such a 　curious　 (curiosity) boy, always asking questions． 7．The company's 　commitment　 (commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success． 8．It didn't take much 　persuasion　 (persuade) to get her to tell us where he was． 9．He wants to show the world that anyone can learn to be 　an　 ambassador． 10．He was 　amused　 (amuse) to see how seriously she took the game． Ⅲ．选词填空 come about, bring sth． to light, sum up, dozens of, spring up, get across, mount up, for instance 1．Mr． Brown is a good coach because he can 　get across　 the play． 2．A good student usually knows how to 　sum up　 knowledge in good time． 3．It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having 　dozens of　 questions about related concepts． 4．The article wants to 　bring to light　 important issues that affect the community． 5．No one knew how this critical state of affairs 　came about　． 6．Tall buildings seemed to 　spring up　 overnight in this city． 7．He's a greedy boy．Yesterday, 　for instance　， he ate all our biscuits． 8．As the job rejections 　mount up　， they are beginning to feel alarmed． Ⅳ．完成句子 1．我刚要锁门，这时突然意识到我把门上的钥匙忘到餐桌上了。 I was about to lock the door 　when I realized that I had left the key to the door　 on the kitchen table． 2．大家认为，他们在开会前已经讨论了这个问题。 They were 　thought to have discussed the problem　 before the meeting． 3．约翰没锁门就匆忙地跑了出去。 John rushed out in a hurry，　leaving the door open　． 4．那是我第一次经历如此令人激动的一刻。 　It was the first time that　 I had gone through such an exciting occasion． 5．那个老人有三个女儿，都是医生。 The old man has three daughters，　all of whom　 are doctors． [重落实] Ⅰ．单元巩固练 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 Firefighters put out tower block fire Firefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night． The fire, 1．　which　 is thought to 2．　have started　 (start) from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block 3．　on　 Sunday night, 4．　leaving　 (leave) people on the upper floors trapped． Fears grew that the number of 5．　deaths　(die) could reach 5，according to figures released by emergency services． Fire engines and ambulances, called at 9：30 p．m．, 6．　reached　 (reach) the scene within 15 minutes． By this time, the fire 7．　had extended　 (extend) to the 15th floor． Firefighters got the situation 8．　under　 control around 11 p．m． There is concern 9．　that　 the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire 10．　safety　 (safe) rules． Ⅱ．话题微写作(邮件) 假定你是李华，上周五参加了外教Kevin做的关于各国音乐的讲座。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1．你的收获； 2．你的感想。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右 ； 2．尽量用本单元知识点； 3．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Kevin， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear Kevin，　 Hope this email finds you well．I'm writing to express my gratitude for your fascinating lecture on music last Friday．It was truly an enlightening experience! My biggest takeaway is how music reflects cultural identities—though a universal language，music embodies great diversity，from the unique rhythms of African drumming to the melodious tune of Chinese Guzheng．Your passion also inspires me to explore more of the world's music and impresses on me the power music holds in connecting people across borders． Thanks again and I'm looking forward to attending more of your lectures and learning from your expertise． 　Yours sincerely，　 　Li Hua　 Ⅲ．读后续写微技能(17)——动作描写“头(head)” ●[多样表达] 1．drop/lower/bend/bow one's head低头 2．nod one's head点头 3．rest one's head on/against把头靠在……上面 4．scratch one's head挠了挠头 5．put/hold one's head in one's hands双手抱头 6．shake one's head摇头 7．bury one's head把头埋起来 8．head for/towards朝……走去 9．head back头向后仰 10．one's head pillows on one's arms头枕在胳膊上 ●[佳句观摩] 1．史蒂文低着头，眼里含泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。(独立主格) Steven walked slowly to the bus，head down，and tears in eyes． 2．他的朋友约翰向他点头微笑。 His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him． 3．他心情不好，低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。 Though he was in a bad mood，he dropped his head to hide it and managed a smile． ●[好句仿写] 1．回到家中，他把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。 When he got home，he 　buried his head under the quilt　，pretending to be asleep． 2．他的母亲停下了家务活，满眼诧异地抬起头。(分词短语作状语) His mother stopped her housework，　raising her head with surprise in her eyes　． 3．史蒂文起来坐在母亲身边，将头靠在她的肩膀上，哭泣起来。 Steven rose, sat close to his mother and 　rested his head on/against his mother's shoulder　 weeping． [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．The bank is pressing us for repayment of the loan．　v．催促；敦促 　 2．If you shoot a look at someone，you look at them quickly and briefly，often in a way that expresses your feelings．　v．迅速地看，瞥(一眼)　 3．I was a new teacher，and I gave an honest account of the student's work．　n．描述　 4．(新高考卷)Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills，and her 68­year­old mother helped take care of the children at times．　v．支付　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出conduct的含义 A．vt．引导　　　　　　　 B．n．品行 C．vt．导电 D．vt．实施，进行 E．vt．行为，举止；表现 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate．　 D 　 2．The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should．　 E 　 3．The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city．　 A 　 4．As is known to us，most metals can conduct electricity．　 C 　 5．Mr．Smith looked angry when I spoke of his daughter's bad conduct at school．　 B 　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”．The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration，an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content． When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen．A large amount of research confirms this finding．The benefits of print reading particularly 　shine through　 when experimenters move from posing simple tasks－like identifying the main idea in a reading passage－to ones that require mental abstraction－such as drawing inferences from a text． The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties．With paper，there is a literal laying on of hands，along with the visual geography of distinct pages．People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page． But equally important is the mental aspect．Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis(假说)”．According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，which are often not so serious，and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print． Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text，and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies－say，assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person．However，psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories，they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces． Digital texts，audio and video all have educational roles，especially when providing resources not available in print．However，for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for，educators shouldn't assume all media are the same，even when they contain identical words． 1．What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Seem unlikely to last． B．Seem hard to explain． C．Become ready to use． D．Become easy to notice． 2．What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A．Readers treat digital texts lightly． B．Digital texts are simpler to understand． C．People select digital texts randomly． D．Digital texts are suitable for social media． 3．Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A．They can hold students' attention． B．They are more convenient to prepare． C．They help develop advanced skills． D．They are more informative than text． 4．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Students should apply multiple learning techniques． B．Teachers should produce their own teaching material． C．Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education． D．Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。 1．D　[词义猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen．A large amount of research confirms this finding．(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现。)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text．(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时。)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine through应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。] 2．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect．Reading researchers have proposed a theory called ‘shallowing hypothesis(假说)．’According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，which are often not so serious，and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print．(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为‘shallowing hypothesis’的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少。)”可知，“shallowing hypothesis”假说认为读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。] 3．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段“Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text，and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say，assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person．(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如布置一个在线讲座而不是一篇同一作者写的文章。)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。] 4．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts，audio and video all have educational roles，especially when providing resources not available in print．However，for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for，educators shouldn't assume all media are the same，even when they contain identical words．(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精力集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的文字。)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精力集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的文字。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．listening to and viewing content　收听和观看内容　 2．a variety of factors　多种因素　 3．a large amount of research　大量的研究　 4．print and digital reading results　印刷和数字阅读结果　 5．approach digital texts　接近数字文本　 6．view identical pieces　查看相同的片段　 7．devote less mental effort　少投入精力　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．comprehension n．　理解力；充分了解　 2．onscreen adj．　在银幕上的　 3．concentration n．　全神贯注；专注　 4．multitask v．　使多任务化　 5．literal adj．　字面上的　 6．assign v．　指派(任务)；给予　 7．psychologist n．　心理学家　 8．reflection n．　深思；反射　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．text A．n．文本　　　　　 B．n．课本；教材 C．n．原作 D．v．发短信 ①Read the text first and then explain the new words．　 B 　 ②He studied Shakespeare's texts．　 C 　 ③A CD­ROM can store more than 250,000 pages of typed text．　 A 　 2．cover v． A．隐藏　B．覆盖　C．包括；包含　D．足以支付；够付　E．行走(一段路程) ①Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees．　 D 　 ②Much of the country is covered by forest．　 B 　 ③She covered her face with her hands．　 A 　 ④They walked for a long time and covered a good deal of ground．　 E 　 ⑤The survey covers all aspects of the business．　 C 　 ◆长句缩写 The reasons relate to a variety of factors，including reduced concentration，an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content． [句子剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 The reasons relate to (a variety of)factors，[including reduced concentration，an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask (while consuming digital content)]． [句子缩写]　　The reasons relate to factors．　(不超过10个单词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $