内容正文:
初升高衔接教材 Every minute counts.
新高一英语第2课:单词词性Parts of Speech(初高衔接)
【学习目标】
掌握英语中10种主要词性的名称、缩写、功能及常见例词,能准确判断单词的词性,为后续语法学习打下基础。
一、十大词性快速记忆
为了便于查阅,以下按中文名称 → 英文缩写 → 核心功能 → 例词的方式整理:
名词(n.):表示人或事物的名称 → book, China, love, teacher
代词(pron.):代替名词 → I, you, he, my, this, myself
动词(v.):表示动作或状态 → run, eat, is, can, have
形容词(adj.):修饰名词,表示“……的” → good, big, beautiful
副词(adv.):修饰动词/形容词,表示“……地” → quickly, very, now
介词(prep.):表示时间/地点/方向关系 → in, on, at, for, with
连词(conj.):连接词/短语/句子 → and, but, so, because, or
冠词(art.):用在名词前 → a, an, the
感叹词(int.):表达强烈情感 → oh, ah, dear, well
数词(num.):表示数目或顺序 → one, first, two, second, three
二、词性辨识练习
请判断下列句子中划线单词的词性,写出对应的英文缩写。
1. I love you. → ______
2. She is beautiful. → ______
3. He runs quickly. → ______
4. The book is on the table. → ______
5. I like apples and bananas. → ______
6. Oh, I forgot my keys! → ______
7. I have three sisters. → ______
8. This is my pen. → ______
9. She is a teacher. → ______
10. China is a great country. → ______
三、选出不同(找出词性与其它三个不同的一项,共15题)
请从A、B、C、D中选出词性不同的一项,将答案写在括号里。
( )1. A. run B. jump C. beautiful D. eat
( )2. A. book B. China C. quickly D. teacher
( )3. A. I B. he C. she D. big
( )4. A. and B. but C. so D. very
( )5. A. in B. on C. at D. oh
( )6. A. one B. first C. two D. quickly
( )7. A. happy B. green C. slowly D. heavy
( )8. A. a B. an C. the D. run
( )9. A. who B. when C. very D. why
( )10. A. mother B. father C. beautiful D. sister
( )11. A. quickly B. slowly C. friendly D. carefully
( )12. A. lucky B. luckily C. happy D. heavy
( )13. A. speak B. speech C. walk D. write
( )14. A. because B. so C. but D. in
( )15. A. three B. third C. thirty D. through
四、判断词性并翻译句子(共15题)
请判断下列句子中划线单词的词性,将英文缩写写在括号里,并将整个句子翻译成中文。
1. So this is it — senior high school at last!
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
2. I’m not outgoing so I’m a little anxious right now.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
3. I want to make a good first impression.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
4. Will I make any friends?
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
5. I just had my first maths class at senior high school!
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
6. The class was difficult, but the teacher was kind and friendly.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
7. He even told us a funny story, and everyone laughed so much!
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
8. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
9. This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
10. I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
11. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone!
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
12. What a day!
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
13. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
14. I miss my friends from junior high school.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
15. I feel much more confident than I felt this morning.
词性:( ) 翻译:__________________________________________________
五、词性默写(全表默写)
请根据提示默写出10种词性的中文名称和英文缩写:
序号
中文名称
英文缩写
1
______
n.
2
代词
______
3
______
v.
4
______
adj.
5
副词
______
6
介词
______
7
______
conj.
8
冠词
______
9
______
int.
10
数词
______
【参考答案】
二、词性辨识练习
I love you. → v.(动词,表示动作)
She is beautiful. → adj.(形容词,修饰人)
He runs quickly. → adv.(副词,修饰动词runs)
The book is on the table. → prep.(介词,表示位置)
I like apples and bananas. → conj.(连词,连接两个名词)
Oh, I forgot my keys! → int.(感叹词,表达情感)
I have three sisters. → num.(数词,表示数量)
This is my pen. → pron.(代词,代替名词)
She is a teacher. → art.(冠词,用在名词前)
China is a great country. → n.(名词,专有名词)
三、选出不同答案
C(A、B、D为动词,C为形容词)
C(A、B、D为名词,C为副词)
D(A、B、C为代词,D为形容词)
D(A、B、C为连词,D为副词)
D(A、B、C为介词,D为感叹词)
D(A、B、C为数词,D为副词)
C(A、B、D为形容词,C为副词)
D(A、B、C为冠词,D为动词)
C(A、B、D为疑问代词,C为副词)
C(A、B、D为名词,C为形容词)
C(A、B、D为副词,C为形容词;friendly虽以-ly结尾,但修饰名词,是形容词)
B(A、C、D为形容词,B为副词)
B(A、C、D为动词,B为名词;speech是speak的名词形式)
D(A、B、C为连词,D为介词)
D(A、B、C为数词,D为介词)
四、判断词性并翻译句子答案
1. 词性:(pron.) 翻译:就是这样——终于到了高中了!
2. 词性:(adj.) 翻译:我性格并不外向,所以现在有点焦虑。
3. 词性:(n.) 翻译:我想给别人留下好的第一印象。
4. 词性:(v. / v.aux.) 翻译:我会交到朋友吗?
5. 词性:(v.) 翻译:我刚刚上完高中的第一节数学课!
6. 词性:(conj.) 翻译:这堂课很难,但老师却很和蔼可亲。
7. 词性:(pron.) 翻译:他还给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,每个人都笑得很开心!
8. 词性:(adj.) 翻译:我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好,而且乐于助人。
9. 词性:(v.) 翻译:今天下午,我们在科学实验室上了化学课。
10. 词性:(prep.) 翻译:我无法集中精力做实验。
11. 词性:(int.) 翻译:我真想对他说:请安静点,别烦我!
12. 词性:(adj. / det.) 翻译:多好的一天啊!
13. 词性:(conj.) 翻译:我一点儿也不觉得尴尬或害怕。
14. 词性:(prep.) 翻译:我想念我初中的朋友。
15. 词性:(adv.) 翻译:我感觉比今天早上自信多了。
五、词性默写答案
序号
中文名称
英文缩写
1
名词
n.
2
代词
pron.
3
动词
v.
4
形容词
adj.
5
副词
adv.
6
介词
prep.
7
连词
conj.
8
冠词
art.
9
感叹词
int.
10
数词
num.
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