专题01 Unit 1 Knowing me, Knowing you-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理resolve等12个高考高频词汇，以友谊主题语境串记语篇为核心，通过知识点列表、词根拆解、词性变化总表构建“语境理解—词汇用法—考点应用”的层级知识网络，引导学生自主关联词汇意义与用法，形成系统认知。 亮点在于自主学习设计与语言能力培养，如Part 9语境串联复盘通过复述模板让学生自主检测记忆链掌握情况，Part 5语法填空整合真题改编题强化考点应用，Part 8写作词汇升级训练提升表达精度。这些活动培养学生学习能力，教师可依据学生自测结果精准指导，助力因材施教。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：resolve / fault / strategy / signal / concern / adjust / ensure / forgive / criticise / deceive / justify / frank （知识点来源：必修三 Unit 1 · Knowing me, Knowing you + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 1 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Last month, a small misunderstanding nearly broke my friendship with Jack. The fault was partly mine: I had promised to help him practise for the school speech contest, but I completely forgot. When he sent me an angry message, I realised it was a signal that he felt hurt, not just annoyed. Instead of arguing, I took a deep breath and chose a better strategy — I called him and admitted my mistake. My genuine concern for our friendship helped us resolve the problem quickly, and we both adjusted our plans for the coming week. From that experience, I learned how to keep a friendship healthy. First, always ensure that you keep your word; second, be ready to forgive a friend who makes a mistake, just as you hope to be forgiven. Never criticise a friend in front of others, and never deceive anyone to make yourself look good — a lie can never justify breaking trust. Above all, be frank with each other. Honest words may feel uncomfortable at first, but they build a friendship that can stand any storm. 【中文译文】 上个月，一场小小的误会几乎毁掉了我与杰克的友谊。过错（fault）部分在我：我答应帮他练习学校演讲比赛，却完全忘了。当他发来愤怒的消息时，我意识到这是一个信号（signal）——他感到受伤，而不仅仅是恼怒。我没有争吵，而是深吸一口气，选择了更好的策略（strategy）——打电话给他并承认错误。我对我们友谊的真诚担忧（concern）帮助我们很快解决了（resolve）问题，我们也调整（adjust）了接下来一周的计划。 从那次经历中，我学会了如何维系健康的友谊。首先，始终确保（ensure）自己信守承诺；其次，要乐于原谅（forgive）犯错误的朋友，正如你希望自己被原谅一样。绝不要在别人面前批评（criticise）朋友，也绝不要为了让自己好看而欺骗（deceive）任何人——谎言永远无法为（justify）破坏信任辩解。最重要的是，彼此坦率（frank）。诚实的言语起初可能让人不舒服，但它们能建立经得起任何风雨的友谊。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：误会几乎毁掉友谊→过错部分在我→愤怒消息是受伤的信号→选择更好策略→真诚的担忧帮助解决矛盾→调整彼此计划→学会维系友谊→始终确保守信→乐于原谅朋友→不公开批评→不欺骗他人→谎言无法为破坏信任辩解→彼此坦率→诚实言语筑就友谊 记忆链：fault → signal → strategy → concern → resolve → adjust → ensure → forgive → criticise → deceive → justify → frank Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决；决心，决定 n. 决心 ⚡考点：resolve a problem/conflict 解决问题/冲突；resolve to do 决心做；resolution n. 决议；决心 2 fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错，责任；缺点，毛病；故障 ⚡考点：be one's fault 是某人的错；find fault with 挑剔；at fault 有过错；faulty adj. 有缺陷的 3 strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略，战略；计谋 ⚡考点：a strategy for doing 做…的策略；adopt a strategy 采取策略；strategic adj. 战略的 4 signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号；暗号 vt. 发出信号；示意 ⚡考点：a signal for/to 表示…的信号；signal to sb. to do 示意某人做；signal (that)... 表明 5 concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 担忧；关心 vt. 涉及；使担忧 ⚡考点：be concerned about 担心；show concern for 关心；as far as...be concerned 就…而言 6 adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v. 调整，调节；适应 ⚡考点：adjust to 适应（=adapt to）；adjust the seat 调整座位；adjustable adj. 可调节的 7 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 确保，保证 ⚡考点：ensure that... 确保…；ensure sb. sth. 保证某人得到；同义词guarantee 8 forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ vt. 原谅，宽恕 ⚡考点：forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人（做了）某事；forgive and forget 既往不咎；forgiveness n. 宽恕 9 criticise /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v. 批评，指责；评论 ⚡考点：criticise sb. for (doing) sth. 因…批评某人；criticism n. 批评；critic n. 评论家 10 deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ vt. 欺骗，蒙蔽 ⚡考点：deceive sb. into doing 骗某人做；be deceived by 被…欺骗；deceit n. 欺骗；deception n. 欺骗 11 justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ vt. 证明…有理；为…辩护 ⚡考点：justify (doing) sth. 证明（做）某事有理；justified adj. 有正当理由的；justice n. 公正 12 frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的，直率的 ⚡考点：be frank with sb. 对某人坦率；to be frank 坦白说；frankly adv. 坦率地 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决；决心，决定 n. 决心 【核心考点】 resolve是议论文与人物类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①解决（问题、冲突）——resolve a problem/conflict/dispute（解决问题/冲突/争端）；②决心，决定——resolve to do sth.（决心做某事）、resolve that...（决定…）；③作名词"决心，毅力"——strengthen one's resolve（坚定决心）。派生词：resolution n. ①决议→ adopt a resolution（通过决议）②决心→ make a New Year's resolution（立新年决心）③分辨率。辨析：resolve（彻底解决，正式）vs solve（解决难题，最常用）vs settle（解决纠纷，安顿）vs work out（算出；解决，口语）。 【词根联想】 re-（再次，back）+ solv（拉丁语solvere"解开，松开"）+ -e→ 把纠缠在一起的问题解开→ 解决。联想：solv"解开"→ resolve（解开→解决）、solve（解决）、solution（解决办法）、dissolve（溶解→松开分开）、absolute（绝对的→解开的彻底的）。记住：把心结解开，就是resolve。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：resolve还可表示"下定决心，决意"，如He resolved to tell the truth（他决心说出真相）；名词义"决心"如The experience strengthened his resolve（这次经历坚定了他决心）。此义在人物励志类语篇中常见。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·阅读D·resolving 动名词作at的宾语，义"解决"）"It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving."（这是一个我们一直没有更好办法去解决的矛盾。）（真题原句·resolve 解决） 【搭配词块】 resolve a conflict 解决冲突 / resolve to do 决心做 / resolution n. 决议；决心 / strengthen one's resolve 坚定决心 2. fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错，责任；缺点，毛病；故障 【核心考点】 fault是人际与生活类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①过错，责任——It's my fault（是我的错）、be one's fault that...（…是某人的错）；②缺点，毛病——Everyone has faults（人皆有缺点）、find fault with（挑剔，找茬）；③故障——a fault in the engine（发动机故障）、at fault（有过错）。派生词：faulty adj. 有缺陷的→ a faulty machine（有故障的机器）；faultless adj. 完美无缺的。辨析：fault（责任/缺点，强调归咎于某人）vs mistake（错误，认知或行为上的失误）vs error（错误，书面正式）vs blame（责备，动词）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语fallere"欺骗，使失误"→ 古法语faute"缺点，缺失"→ 过错；缺点。联想：fall"骗，失"→ fault（过失→欺骗中露出的破绽）、false（错误的→骗人的）、fail（失败→失误）、fallible（会犯错的）。记住：fault源自"失误"，是判断上的偏差。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：fault还可指"（机器的）故障，毛病"，如There is a fault in the machine（机器有个故障）；口语中find fault with意为"吹毛求疵"。此义在科技与生活类语篇中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The fault was partly mine: I had promised to help, but I completely forgot about our agreement."（过错部分在我：我答应了帮忙，却完全忘了我们的约定。）（经典原句·fault 过错） 【搭配词块】 It's my fault 是我的错 / find fault with 挑剔 / at fault 有过错 / faulty adj. 有缺陷的 3. strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略，战略；计谋 【核心考点】 strategy是议论文与问题解决类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①（总体的）策略、战略——a marketing strategy（营销策略）、a strategy for doing sth.（做某事的策略）、adopt/develop a strategy（采取/制定策略）；②军事"战略"（与tactics战术相对）。派生词：strategic adj. 战略的→ a strategic decision（战略决策）；strategist n. 战略家。辨析：strategy（长期总体策略）vs plan（具体计划）vs tactic（具体战术手段）vs approach（处理方式，方法）。写作金句：The best strategy is to stay calm and think first。 【词根联想】 希腊语strategos"将军"（stratos"军队"+agein"领导"）→ 将军指挥军队的方法→ 战略；策略。联想：strat"军队"→ strategy（将帅之道→策略）、strategic（战略的）、strategist（战略家）。记住：将军的用兵之道，就是strategy。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：strategy也可指"（应对问题的）计策，妙招"，如a clever strategy to win the game（赢得比赛的妙招）。此义在学习与生活类语篇中常见，不限于军事。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Instead of arguing back, I chose a better strategy: I listened first, and then explained my side of the story calmly."（我没有回嘴，而是选择了更好的策略：先倾听，再平静地说明我的立场。）（经典原句·strategy 策略） 【搭配词块】 a strategy for doing 做…的策略 / adopt a strategy 采取策略 / strategic adj. 战略的 / develop a strategy 制定策略 4. signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号；暗号 vt. 发出信号；示意 【核心考点】 signal是科技与生活类语篇的高频名词兼动词。用法要点：①名词"信号，暗号"——a danger signal（危险信号）、a signal for/to（表示…的信号）、give/send out a signal（发出信号）；②名词"迹象"——a clear signal that...（…的明确迹象）；③动词"发信号，示意"——signal to sb. to do sth.（示意某人做某事）、signal (that)...（表明…）。派生词：sign v./n. 标志；签名、signature n. 签名。辨析：signal（约定的信号，尤指传达信息的）vs sign（迹象；招牌）vs symbol（象征符号）vs mark（标记）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语signum"标记，记号"→ signale"用作信号的"→ 信号。联想：sign"标记"→ sign（标志）、signal（信号）、signature（签名）、significant（重要的→有标记意义的）、design（设计→划出标记）。记住：sign是记号，signal是传递信息的记号。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：signal作动词还可表示"表明，预示"，如The drop in prices signals a change in the market（价格下跌预示市场变化）。此义在新闻与说明文语篇中高频，主语常为事物。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"When he sent me an angry message, I realised it was a signal that he felt hurt, not just annoyed."（当他给我发来愤怒的消息时，我意识到那是一个信号——他感到受伤，而不仅仅是恼怒。）（经典原句·signal 信号） 【搭配词块】 a signal for/to 表示…的信号 / give out a signal 发出信号 / signal to sb. to do 示意某人做 / a clear signal that 明确的迹象 5. concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 担忧；关心；重要的事 vt. 涉及；使担忧 【核心考点】 concern是阅读与写作的高频名词兼动词。名词用法：①担忧——concern about/over（对…的担忧）、show/express concern for（对…表示关心）；②关心——concern for others（对他人的关心）；③要紧的事——It's no concern of mine（这不关我的事）。动词用法：①涉及——This concerns you（这与你有关）；②使担忧——be concerned about/for（担心…）、be concerned with（与…有关）。固定搭配：as far as...be concerned（就…而言）。派生词：concerned adj. 担心的；有关的→ the people concerned（相关人员）；concerning prep. 关于。辨析：concern（关心；担忧）vs worry（焦虑，更口语）vs care（在乎，照顾）。 【词根联想】 con-（共同，together）+ cern（拉丁语cernere"分开，筛选"）→ 一起筛选分辨→ 牵涉其中→ 涉及；担忧。联想：cern"分辨"→ concern（筛选分辨→牵涉）、discern（分辨→分开看）、certain（确定的→分辨清楚的）。记住：被卷入其中的事，就是concern。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：concern作名词还可指"关切的事，重要的事情"，如The environment is a major concern for young people（环境是年轻人关心的大事）。此义在议论文与新闻语篇中高频。 【真题原句】 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·语法填空·concerns 名词复数作表语，义"关切之事"）"Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare's concerns."（汤显祖笔下写到的一些东西，也正是莎士比亚所关切之事。）（真题原句·concern 关切的事；担忧） 【搭配词块】 be concerned about 担心 / show concern for 关心 / as far as...be concerned 就…而言 / concerning prep. 关于 6. adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v. 调整，调节；适应 【核心考点】 adjust是阅读与语法填空的高频动词。用法要点：①调整，调节——adjust the seat/volume（调整座位/音量）、adjust one's plan（调整计划）；②适应——adjust to（适应，to为介词，=adapt to）、adjust to the new environment（适应新环境）；③adjust oneself to（使自己适应）。派生词：adjustable adj. 可调节的→ an adjustable chair；adjustment n. 调整→ make adjustments（做调整）。辨析：adjust（微调以适应）vs adapt（改编；适应，强调改变自身）vs adopt（采纳，收养）vs modify（修改）。 【词根联想】 ad-（向，to）+ just（拉丁语justus"正确的，接近的"）→ 使靠近正确的状态→ 调整。联想：just"正确的"→ just（公正的）、justice（正义）、adjust（调正→调整）、adjustable（可调节的）、readjust（重新调整）。记住：ad + just = 调到正确的位置。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：adjust还可表示"（使）适应（新情况）"，如It took him a while to adjust to the new school（他花了一段时间才适应新学校）。此义与adapt to同义，在成长与校园类语篇中高频。 【真题原句】 （2020·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读D·adjust 动词原形作谓语，义"调整"）"However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits."（然而，我们会调整这种影响。如果一位超重的人正在吃一大份，我会稍稍克制，因为我看到了他饮食习惯带来的后果。）（真题原句·adjust 调整） 【搭配词块】 adjust to 适应 / adjust the plan 调整计划 / adjustable adj. 可调节的 / make adjustments 做调整 7. ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 确保，保证 【核心考点】 ensure是说明文与应用文的高频动词。用法要点：①ensure that...（确保…）——Ensure that all the windows are closed；②ensure sth.（保证某事）——ensure safety/quality（确保安全/质量）；③ensure sb. sth.（保证某人得到某物）——The scholarship ensured her a place at university。辨析：ensure（确保某事发生）vs guarantee（保证，担保，语气更强，常用于商业）vs assure（向某人保证，assure sb. of sth.）vs insure（投保，保险）。注意ensure/insure/assure三词是高考易混点：ensure确保、insure投保、assure使确信。 【词根联想】 en-（使…，make）+ sure（确定的，安全的）→ 使确定→ 确保。联想：sure"确定的"→ ensure（使确定→确保）、insure（投保→使安全）、assure（向…保证→使确信）、surely（当然）。记住：en + sure = 使之确定。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ensure在英式英语中常拼作insure（美式两词分工明确），如insure the car（给车投保）。阅读中ensure表"确保"，insure表"投保"，注意语境区分。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Before you apologise, ensure that you have understood the whole story, and not just the part that hurt you."（在道歉之前，确保你理解了事情的全貌，而不仅仅是伤害你的那一部分。）（经典原句·ensure 确保） 【搭配词块】 ensure that... 确保… / ensure safety 确保安全 / ensure sb. sth. 保证某人得到 / guarantee vt. 保证 8. forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ vt. 原谅，宽恕 【核心考点】 forgive是人际与情感类语篇的高频动词，本单元人际主题的核心词。用法要点：①forgive sb. for (doing) sth.（原谅某人做了某事）——She forgave him for being late；②forgive and forget（既往不咎）；③forgive sb. sth.（原谅某人某事，双宾语）——Forgive me my mistakes。动词变化是高考易错点：forgive—forgave—forgiven。派生词：forgiveness n. 宽恕→ ask for forgiveness（请求原谅）；forgiving adj. 宽容的。辨析：forgive（原谅过错，不计较）vs pardon（正式，赦免）vs excuse（原谅小过失，excuse me）vs forgive（宽恕，情感更深）。 【词根联想】 for-（=forth，完全地，away）+ give（给予）→ 完全给予、把怨恨送走→ 原谅。联想：for-"完全"→ forgive（把怨恨完全送走→原谅）、forget（忘记→完全送走记忆）、forsake（抛弃→完全放弃）；give（给予）→ forgiven（被原谅的）。记住：把心结彻底送出，就是forgive。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：forgive的过去分词forgiven还可作形容词"被原谅的"，如a forgiven mistake。现代英语中forgive还可用于口语表"算了，不计较"，如I forgive you, let's move on。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Be ready to forgive a friend who makes a mistake, just as you hope to be forgiven when you make one yourself."（要乐于原谅犯错误的朋友，正如你希望自己犯错时也被原谅一样。）（经典原句·forgive 原谅） 【搭配词块】 forgive sb. for doing 原谅某人做了 / forgive and forget 既往不咎 / ask for forgiveness 请求原谅 / forgiveness n. 宽恕 9. criticise /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v. 批评，指责；评论 【核心考点】 criticise是议论文与人际类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①criticise sb. for (doing) sth.（因某事批评某人）——The teacher criticised him for being careless；②criticise sth.（评论某作品）——criticise a film（评论一部电影）；③被动be criticised for（因…受到批评）。英式拼写criticise，美式criticize，均为正确写法。派生词：criticism n. 批评→ face criticism（面对批评）、constructive criticism（建设性批评）；critic n. 评论家；critique n. 评论。辨析：criticise（批评，指出缺点）vs blame（责备，归咎）vs scold（责骂）vs comment on（评论，中性）。 【词根联想】 crit（希腊语krinein"判断，分辨"）+ -ise（动词后缀）→ 做出判断→ 批评；评论。联想：crit"判断"→ critic（评论家）、criticism（批评）、criticise（批评）、critical（挑剔的；关键的）、crisis（危机→需要判断的时刻）。记住：criticise是"下判断"，褒贬由语境定。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：criticise还可作"评论（作品）"解，不一定是贬义，如The novel was widely criticised and praised at the same time（这部小说既受到广泛批评也受到赞扬）。此义在文化评论类语篇中可见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Never criticise a friend in front of others; pull him aside and talk to him kindly instead."（绝不要在别人面前批评朋友；把他拉到一边，温和地和他谈。）（经典原句·criticise 批评） 【搭配词块】 criticise sb. for doing 因…批评某人 / face criticism 面对批评 / critic n. 评论家 / constructive criticism 建设性批评 10. deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ vt. 欺骗，蒙蔽 【核心考点】 deceive是人际与道德类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①deceive sb.（欺骗某人）——He deceived his parents about his grades；②deceive sb. into doing sth.（骗某人做某事）——They deceived me into signing the contract；③be deceived by（被…蒙蔽）——Don't be deceived by appearances（不要被表象蒙蔽）。派生词：deceit n. 欺骗→ by deceit（用欺骗手段）；deception n. 欺骗，蒙骗；deceptive adj. 骗人的→ deceptive appearances（骗人的外表）。辨析：deceive（蓄意欺骗）vs cheat（作弊；骗取，cheat in the exam）vs trick（用计谋骗）vs fool（愚弄，口语）。 【词根联想】 de-（=away，离开）+ ceiv（拉丁语capere"拿，取"）→ 把真话拿走、诱骗人离开正道→ 欺骗。联想：ceiv/cept"拿"→ deceive（拿走真相→欺骗）、receive（收到→拿回来）、conceive（构想→拿出想法）、perceive（察觉→完全获取）。记住：de + ceive = 把真相拿走。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：deceive还可表示"（使）误解，蒙蔽"，如The book's title deceived me into thinking it was a thriller（书名让我误以为它是惊悚小说）。此义中deceive sb. into doing结构是高考考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Never deceive anyone to make yourself look good, because a friendship built on lies will fall apart the moment the truth comes out."（绝不要为了让自己好看而欺骗任何人，因为建立在谎言上的友谊在真相大白时会瞬间崩塌。）（经典原句·deceive 欺骗） 【搭配词块】 deceive sb. into doing 骗某人做 / be deceived by 被…蒙蔽 / deceit n. 欺骗 / deceptive adj. 骗人的 11. justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ vt. 证明…有理；为…辩护 【核心考点】 justify是议论文与道德类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①justify (doing) sth.（证明（做）某事是正当的）——Nothing can justify breaking trust（任何理由都不能为背信辩护）；②justify oneself（为自己辩解）——He tried to justify himself to the teacher；③be justified in doing（做…是有理由的）——She was justified in complaining。派生词：justice n. 公正→ social justice（社会公正）；justified adj. 有正当理由的；justifiable adj. 可辩解的。辨析：justify（证明行为正当）vs defend（辩护，防卫）vs excuse（为…找借口，多为中性/贬义）vs explain（解释）。 【词根联想】 just（拉丁语justus"公正的"）+ -ify（动词后缀，表"使…"）→ 使公正→ 证明有理；辩护。联想：just"公正"→ just（公正的）、justice（正义）、justify（证明有理）、justified（有理由的）、unjust（不公正的）。记住：just + ify = 使之公正。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：justify还可指"证明（数据、做法）是必要的、值得的"，如The results justify the cost（成果证明这笔花费是值得的）。此义在说明文与经济类语篇中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A lie can never justify breaking trust, and no excuse can make an unkind word fair."（谎言永远无法为破坏信任辩护，任何借口都无法让一句刻薄的话变得公平。）（经典原句·justify 为…辩护） 【搭配词块】 justify doing sth. 证明做…有理 / justify oneself 为自己辩解 / be justified in doing 做…有理由 / justice n. 公正 12. frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的，直率的 【核心考点】 frank是人际与情感类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①be frank with sb.（对某人坦率）——Let's be frank with each other；②be frank about sth.（对某事直言）——He was frank about his mistakes；③固定短语to be frank / frankly speaking（坦白说，作插入语）——Frankly speaking, I was wrong。副词frankly（坦率地）。派生词：frankness n. 坦率。辨析：frank（坦率直说，不拐弯抹角）vs honest（诚实的，不撒谎）vs sincere（真诚的，发自内心的）vs open（开放的，愿意交流的）。写作金句：To be frank, honest words build stronger friendships。 【词根联想】 源自中世纪拉丁语Francus"法兰克人"→ 古法语franc"自由的，诚实的"（法兰克人是自由民，言而有信）→ 坦率的。联想：Frank（人名，法兰克人）、frankly（坦率地）、frankness（坦率）、franchise（特许权→法兰克人的自由权）。记住：franc是"自由民"，说话自由不遮掩就是frank。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Above all, be frank with each other: honest words may feel uncomfortable at first, but they build a friendship that can stand any storm."（最重要的是，彼此坦率：诚实的言语起初可能让人不舒服，但它们能建立经得起任何风雨的友谊。）（经典原句·frank 坦率的） 【搭配词块】 be frank with sb. 对某人坦率 / to be frank 坦白说 / frankly speaking 坦白说 / frankness n. 坦率 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 resolve resolution (n.) resolved (v./adj.) resolving (v.) resolve a conflict / make a resolution fault faulty (adj.) faultless (adj.) faults (n.pl.) It's my fault / find fault with strategy strategic (adj.) strategist (n.) strategically (adv.) a strategy for / adopt a strategy signal signal (v.) signalled (v.) signalling (v.) a signal for / signal to sb. concern concerned (adj.) concerning (prep.) concerns (n.pl.) be concerned about / as far as I am concerned adjust adjustable (adj.) adjustment (n.) adjusted (v.) adjust to / make adjustments ensure ensured (v.) ensuring (v.) --- ensure that / ensure safety forgive forgiveness (n.) forgiving (adj.) forgiven (v.) forgive sb. for / forgive and forget criticise criticism (n.) critic (n.) critical (adj.) criticise sb. for / face criticism deceive deceit (n.) deception (n.) deceptive (adj.) deceive sb. into doing / be deceived by justify justice (n.) justified (adj.) justifiable (adj.) justify doing / justify oneself frank frankly (adv.) frankness (n.) --- be frank with / frankly speaking Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022全国甲卷·阅读D·改编）It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at ____________ (resolve). 2.（2024新课标Ⅱ卷·语法填空·改编）Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare's ____________ (concern). 3.（2020新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读D·改编）However, we'll ____________ (adjusted) the influence of the social environment on our eating. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）The ____________ (faulty) was partly mine, and I admitted it at once. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）A better ____________ (strategic) is to talk about the problem face to face. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Her silence was a clear ____________ (signalling) that she felt deeply hurt. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）My genuine ____________ (concerned) for our friendship helped us solve the problem. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）We both ____________ (adjusting) our plans for the coming week after the talk. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）Please ____________ (ensuring) that you arrive at the meeting on time tomorrow. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）It is important to ____________ (forgiving) a friend who makes a mistake. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）Never ____________ (criticising) a friend in front of other people. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）A lie can never ____________ (justification) breaking trust. 13.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Let's be ____________ (frankly) with each other about our true feelings. 14.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The best way to solve problems is to ____________ (resolution) them together. 15.（2026广西南宁·模拟）He admitted that he had tried to ____________ (deceptive) his closest friends. 【答案】 1. resolving 2. concerns 3. adjust 4. fault 5. strategy 6. signal 7. concern 8. adjusted 9. ensure 10. forgive 11. criticise 12. justify 13. frank 14. resolve 15. deceive 【逐题解析】 1. resolving — 提示词resolve为动词原形，介词at后须接动名词，at resolving意为"在解决方面"。 2. concerns — 提示词concern为名词/动词，谓语were also提示主语须用名词复数concerns。 3. adjust — 提示词adjusted为过去分词，助动词will后须接动词原形adjust。 4. fault — 提示词faulty为形容词，定冠词the后须接名词，the fault意为"过错"。 5. strategy — 提示词strategic为形容词，形容词better后须接名词，a better strategy意为"更好的策略"。 6. signal — 提示词signalling为动名词，不定冠词a后须接名词单数signal。 7. concern — 提示词concerned为形容词，形容词genuine后须接名词，my genuine concern意为"我真诚的担忧"。 8. adjusted — 提示词adjusting为动名词，主语We与adjust为主动关系，一般过去时用adjusted。 9. ensure — 提示词ensuring为动名词，祈使句Please后须接动词原形。 10. forgive — 提示词forgiving为动名词，it is important to do中to后须接动词原形。 11. criticise — 提示词criticising为动名词，祈使句Never后须接动词原形。 12. justify — 提示词justification为名词，情态动词can后须接动词原形justify。 13. frank — 提示词frankly为副词，系动词be后须接形容词作表语，be frank with意为"对…坦率"。 14. resolve — 提示词resolution为名词，be to do结构中to后须接动词原形resolve。 15. deceive — 提示词deceptive为形容词，had tried to后须接动词原形deceive。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 上个月，一场小小的误会几乎毁掉了我与杰克的友谊。____________（过错）部分在我：我答应帮他练习演讲比赛，却完全忘了。 当他发来愤怒的消息时，我意识到那是一个____________（信号）——他感到受伤。我没有争吵，而是选择了更好的____________（策略），我对友谊的真诚____________（担忧）帮助我们很快____________（解决）了问题，我们也____________（调整）了计划。 从那次经历中，我学会了如何维系友谊：始终____________（确保）自己信守承诺，乐于____________（原谅）犯错误的朋友，绝不在人前____________（批评）朋友，也绝不要____________（欺骗）任何人。 谎言永远无法为____________（为…辩护）破坏信任。最重要的是，彼此____________（坦率的）——诚实的言语能建立经得起风雨的友谊。 【答案】 fault; signal; strategy; concern; resolve; adjusted; ensure; forgive; criticise; deceive; justify; frank Part 7 关联阅读 For most of the school year, Leo and I had been as close as brothers. We shared meals, homework and even the same dream of joining the school football team. So when Leo was chosen as team captain and I was not, the news hit me harder than I had expected. I told myself it did not matter, but my silence at dinner was a clear signal to my parents that something was wrong. That night I lay awake, and the fault, I slowly realised, was not Leo's at all — it was my own pride, which refused to admit that I felt left behind. The next day, Leo tried to talk to me, but I turned away, and for a week we barely spoke. We still sat next to each other in class, but the warmth between us had gone, and neither of us knew how to bring it back. My mother finally sat me down and asked what was troubling me. She did not criticise me or take sides; she simply pointed out that my concern for the friendship was real, and that hiding my feelings would only push Leo away. Her words helped me see that jealousy had blinded me, and that the only way forward was to be frank with Leo about how I felt. That evening, I called him and confessed everything. To my relief, Leo understood. “I was worried you would never speak to me again,” he said with a laugh. We agreed on a simple strategy: from then on, we would always tell each other the truth, even when it hurt, and we would forgive each other quickly after any quarrel. We also decided to adjust our old habit of comparing ourselves, because that comparison had caused the whole misunderstanding. To ensure that the same thing would never happen again, we promised to share our worries before they grew into silence. Before the season ended, we had learned that a friendship built on honesty can resolve almost any storm — and we have never looked back since. 1. What was the problem between Leo and the writer? A. They disagreed about the football team. B. The writer felt jealous of Leo's captaincy. C. Leo refused to share his homework. D. They both wanted to leave the team. 2. How did the writer's mother help him? A. She criticised Leo for his behaviour. B. She told him to give up the friendship. C. She helped him see the real reason for his feelings. D. She spoke to Leo on his behalf. 3. What was the writer's first reaction when Leo tried to talk to him? A. He walked away and refused to speak. B. He shouted angrily at Leo. C. He asked Leo for an apology. D. He reported Leo to the coach. 4. What did the two friends learn from the experience? A. Jealousy can make a person stronger. B. Comparing with friends is sometimes necessary. C. Football captains should not have close friends. D. Honesty and forgiveness keep a friendship safe. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段明确交代矛盾根源——"When Leo was chosen as team captain and I was not, the news hit me harder than I had expected"，作者因未能当选队长而对好友心生嫉妒，后文更直接点明"jealousy had blinded me"，与B项The writer felt jealous of Leo's captaincy完全对应，故选B。A项"对球队意见不合"、C项"不肯分享作业"、D项"都想离队"均与原文不符。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段写母亲的态度——"She did not criticise me or take sides; she simply pointed out that...hiding my feelings would only push Leo away"，母亲不批评不偏袒，只是帮助作者看清嫉妒才是问题根源、隐藏情感只会把朋友推远，与C项She helped him see the real reason for his feelings吻合，故选C。A项"批评利奥"、B项"劝他放弃友谊"、D项"替他找利奥谈"均未发生。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段首句是解题句——"Leo tried to talk to me, but I turned away, and for a week we barely spoke"，利奥试图交谈时作者转身走开，一周几乎无话可说，与A项He walked away and refused to speak一致，故选A。B项"大声喊叫"、C项"要求道歉"、D项"向教练报告"在文中均无依据。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：末段是全文主旨所在——"we would always tell each other the truth...and we would forgive each other quickly"，结尾点明"a friendship built on honesty can resolve almost any storm"，即诚实与原谅能化解友谊中的风浪，与D项Honesty and forgiveness keep a friendship safe吻合，故选D。A项"嫉妒使人更强"、C项"队长不该有密友"文中均无依据；B项"朋友间比较有时必要"与文中"that comparison had caused the whole misunderstanding"直接矛盾。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：resolve, fault, strategy, signal, concern, adjust, ensure, forgive, criticise, deceive, justify, frank Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. We managed to settle the problem after a long and honest talk. → We managed to ____________ the problem after a long and honest talk. 2. The mistake was mine, and I should not have blamed you. → The ____________ was mine, and I should not have blamed you. 3. The best way to win the argument is to listen first. → The best ____________ to win the argument is to listen first. 4. Her tears were a clear sign that she felt sorry for what she had said. → Her tears were a clear ____________ that she felt sorry for what she had said. 5. His worry about the coming exam kept him awake all night. → His ____________ about the coming exam kept him awake all night. 6. It took me a while to get used to the new school and new classmates. → It took me a while to ____________ to the new school and new classmates. 7. Please make sure that you lock the door before you leave. → Please ____________ that you lock the door before you leave. 8. I hope you can pardon me for forgetting your birthday last week. → I hope you can ____________ me for forgetting your birthday last week. 9. My father never blames me in public; he talks to me privately instead. → My father never ____________ me in public; he talks to me privately instead. 10. He fooled his parents into believing that he had passed the exam. → He ____________ his parents into believing that he had passed the exam. 11. Nothing can prove the act of breaking a promise to be right. → Nothing can ____________ the act of breaking a promise. 12. To be honest, I was wrong to stay silent for so long. → To be ____________, I was wrong to stay silent for so long. 【答案】 1. resolve 2. fault 3. strategy 4. signal 5. concern 6. adjust 7. ensure 8. forgive 9. criticises 10. deceived 11. justify 12. frank Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：fault → signal → strategy → concern → resolve → adjust → ensure → forgive → criticise → deceive → justify → frank 复述模板（填空）： 一场误会几乎毁掉友谊，____________（过错）部分在我；他的愤怒消息是受伤的____________（信号），我选择更好的____________（策略），真诚的____________（担忧）帮助我们____________（解决）了问题并____________（调整）了计划。 维系友谊要始终____________（确保）守信，乐于____________（原谅）朋友，不在人前____________（批评），不____________（欺骗）他人，谎言无法为____________（为…辩护）破坏信任，最重要的是彼此____________（坦率的）。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：fault; signal; strategy; concern; resolve; adjust; ensure; forgive; criticise; deceive; justify; frank 复述模板参考版本： A small misunderstanding nearly broke my friendship with Jack. The fault was partly mine: I had forgotten my promise. His angry message was a signal that he felt hurt, so I chose a better strategy — to call him and admit my mistake. My genuine concern for our friendship helped us resolve the problem, and we both adjusted our plans. From that experience I learned to ensure that I keep my word, to forgive a friend who makes a mistake, never to criticise a friend in public, and never to deceive anyone, because a lie can never justify breaking trust. Above all, be frank with each other, and honest words will build a friendship that can stand any storm. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：resolve / fault / strategy / signal / concern / adjust / ensure / forgive / criticise / deceive / justify / frank （知识点来源：必修三 Unit 1 · Knowing me, Knowing you + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 3 Part 4 词性变化总表 9 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Last month, a small misunderstanding nearly broke my friendship with Jack. The fault was partly mine: I had promised to help him practise for the school speech contest, but I completely forgot. When he sent me an angry message, I realised it was a signal that he felt hurt, not just annoyed. Instead of arguing, I took a deep breath and chose a better strategy — I called him and admitted my mistake. My genuine concern for our friendship helped us resolve the problem quickly, and we both adjusted our plans for the coming week. From that experience, I learned how to keep a friendship healthy. First, always ensure that you keep your word; second, be ready to forgive a friend who makes a mistake, just as you hope to be forgiven. Never criticise a friend in front of others, and never deceive anyone to make yourself look good — a lie can never justify breaking trust. Above all, be frank with each other. Honest words may feel uncomfortable at first, but they build a friendship that can stand any storm. 【中文译文】 上个月，一场小小的误会几乎毁掉了我与杰克的友谊。过错（fault）部分在我：我答应帮他练习学校演讲比赛，却完全忘了。当他发来愤怒的消息时，我意识到这是一个信号（signal）——他感到受伤，而不仅仅是恼怒。我没有争吵，而是深吸一口气，选择了更好的策略（strategy）——打电话给他并承认错误。我对我们友谊的真诚担忧（concern）帮助我们很快解决了（resolve）问题，我们也调整（adjust）了接下来一周的计划。 从那次经历中，我学会了如何维系健康的友谊。首先，始终确保（ensure）自己信守承诺；其次，要乐于原谅（forgive）犯错误的朋友，正如你希望自己被原谅一样。绝不要在别人面前批评（criticise）朋友，也绝不要为了让自己好看而欺骗（deceive）任何人——谎言永远无法为（justify）破坏信任辩解。最重要的是，彼此坦率（frank）。诚实的言语起初可能让人不舒服，但它们能建立经得起任何风雨的友谊。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：误会几乎毁掉友谊→过错部分在我→愤怒消息是受伤的信号→选择更好策略→真诚的担忧帮助解决矛盾→调整彼此计划→学会维系友谊→始终确保守信→乐于原谅朋友→不公开批评→不欺骗他人→谎言无法为破坏信任辩解→彼此坦率→诚实言语筑就友谊 记忆链：fault → signal → strategy → concern → resolve → adjust → ensure → forgive → criticise → deceive → justify → frank Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决；决心，决定 n. 决心 ⚡考点：resolve a problem/conflict 解决问题/冲突；resolve to do 决心做；resolution n. 决议；决心 2 fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错，责任；缺点，毛病；故障 ⚡考点：be one's fault 是某人的错；find fault with 挑剔；at fault 有过错；faulty adj. 有缺陷的 3 strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略，战略；计谋 ⚡考点：a strategy for doing 做…的策略；adopt a strategy 采取策略；strategic adj. 战略的 4 signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号；暗号 vt. 发出信号；示意 ⚡考点：a signal for/to 表示…的信号；signal to sb. to do 示意某人做；signal (that)... 表明 5 concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 担忧；关心 vt. 涉及；使担忧 ⚡考点：be concerned about 担心；show concern for 关心；as far as...be concerned 就…而言 6 adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v. 调整，调节；适应 ⚡考点：adjust to 适应（=adapt to）；adjust the seat 调整座位；adjustable adj. 可调节的 7 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 确保，保证 ⚡考点：ensure that... 确保…；ensure sb. sth. 保证某人得到；同义词guarantee 8 forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ vt. 原谅，宽恕 ⚡考点：forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人（做了）某事；forgive and forget 既往不咎；forgiveness n. 宽恕 9 criticise /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v. 批评，指责；评论 ⚡考点：criticise sb. for (doing) sth. 因…批评某人；criticism n. 批评；critic n. 评论家 10 deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ vt. 欺骗，蒙蔽 ⚡考点：deceive sb. into doing 骗某人做；be deceived by 被…欺骗；deceit n. 欺骗；deception n. 欺骗 11 justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ vt. 证明…有理；为…辩护 ⚡考点：justify (doing) sth. 证明（做）某事有理；justified adj. 有正当理由的；justice n. 公正 12 frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的，直率的 ⚡考点：be frank with sb. 对某人坦率；to be frank 坦白说；frankly adv. 坦率地 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决；决心，决定 n. 决心 【核心考点】 resolve是议论文与人物类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①解决（问题、冲突）——resolve a problem/conflict/dispute（解决问题/冲突/争端）；②决心，决定——resolve to do sth.（决心做某事）、resolve that...（决定…）；③作名词"决心，毅力"——strengthen one's resolve（坚定决心）。派生词：resolution n. ①决议→ adopt a resolution（通过决议）②决心→ make a New Year's resolution（立新年决心）③分辨率。辨析：resolve（彻底解决，正式）vs solve（解决难题，最常用）vs settle（解决纠纷，安顿）vs work out（算出；解决，口语）。 【词根联想】 re-（再次，back）+ solv（拉丁语solvere"解开，松开"）+ -e→ 把纠缠在一起的问题解开→ 解决。联想：solv"解开"→ resolve（解开→解决）、solve（解决）、solution（解决办法）、dissolve（溶解→松开分开）、absolute（绝对的→解开的彻底的）。记住：把心结解开，就是resolve。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：resolve还可表示"下定决心，决意"，如He resolved to tell the truth（他决心说出真相）；名词义"决心"如The experience strengthened his resolve（这次经历坚定了他决心）。此义在人物励志类语篇中常见。 【真题原句】 （2022·全国甲卷·阅读D·resolving 动名词作at的宾语，义"解决"）"It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving."（这是一个我们一直没有更好办法去解决的矛盾。）（真题原句·resolve 解决） 【搭配词块】 resolve a conflict 解决冲突 / resolve to do 决心做 / resolution n. 决议；决心 / strengthen one's resolve 坚定决心 2. fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错，责任；缺点，毛病；故障 【核心考点】 fault是人际与生活类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①过错，责任——It's my fault（是我的错）、be one's fault that...（…是某人的错）；②缺点，毛病——Everyone has faults（人皆有缺点）、find fault with（挑剔，找茬）；③故障——a fault in the engine（发动机故障）、at fault（有过错）。派生词：faulty adj. 有缺陷的→ a faulty machine（有故障的机器）；faultless adj. 完美无缺的。辨析：fault（责任/缺点，强调归咎于某人）vs mistake（错误，认知或行为上的失误）vs error（错误，书面正式）vs blame（责备，动词）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语fallere"欺骗，使失误"→ 古法语faute"缺点，缺失"→ 过错；缺点。联想：fall"骗，失"→ fault（过失→欺骗中露出的破绽）、false（错误的→骗人的）、fail（失败→失误）、fallible（会犯错的）。记住：fault源自"失误"，是判断上的偏差。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：fault还可指"（机器的）故障，毛病"，如There is a fault in the machine（机器有个故障）；口语中find fault with意为"吹毛求疵"。此义在科技与生活类语篇中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The fault was partly mine: I had promised to help, but I completely forgot about our agreement."（过错部分在我：我答应了帮忙，却完全忘了我们的约定。）（经典原句·fault 过错） 【搭配词块】 It's my fault 是我的错 / find fault with 挑剔 / at fault 有过错 / faulty adj. 有缺陷的 3. strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略，战略；计谋 【核心考点】 strategy是议论文与问题解决类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①（总体的）策略、战略——a marketing strategy（营销策略）、a strategy for doing sth.（做某事的策略）、adopt/develop a strategy（采取/制定策略）；②军事"战略"（与tactics战术相对）。派生词：strategic adj. 战略的→ a strategic decision（战略决策）；strategist n. 战略家。辨析：strategy（长期总体策略）vs plan（具体计划）vs tactic（具体战术手段）vs approach（处理方式，方法）。写作金句：The best strategy is to stay calm and think first。 【词根联想】 希腊语strategos"将军"（stratos"军队"+agein"领导"）→ 将军指挥军队的方法→ 战略；策略。联想：strat"军队"→ strategy（将帅之道→策略）、strategic（战略的）、strategist（战略家）。记住：将军的用兵之道，就是strategy。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：strategy也可指"（应对问题的）计策，妙招"，如a clever strategy to win the game（赢得比赛的妙招）。此义在学习与生活类语篇中常见，不限于军事。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Instead of arguing back, I chose a better strategy: I listened first, and then explained my side of the story calmly."（我没有回嘴，而是选择了更好的策略：先倾听，再平静地说明我的立场。）（经典原句·strategy 策略） 【搭配词块】 a strategy for doing 做…的策略 / adopt a strategy 采取策略 / strategic adj. 战略的 / develop a strategy 制定策略 4. signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 信号；暗号 vt. 发出信号；示意 【核心考点】 signal是科技与生活类语篇的高频名词兼动词。用法要点：①名词"信号，暗号"——a danger signal（危险信号）、a signal for/to（表示…的信号）、give/send out a signal（发出信号）；②名词"迹象"——a clear signal that...（…的明确迹象）；③动词"发信号，示意"——signal to sb. to do sth.（示意某人做某事）、signal (that)...（表明…）。派生词：sign v./n. 标志；签名、signature n. 签名。辨析：signal（约定的信号，尤指传达信息的）vs sign（迹象；招牌）vs symbol（象征符号）vs mark（标记）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语signum"标记，记号"→ signale"用作信号的"→ 信号。联想：sign"标记"→ sign（标志）、signal（信号）、signature（签名）、significant（重要的→有标记意义的）、design（设计→划出标记）。记住：sign是记号，signal是传递信息的记号。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：signal作动词还可表示"表明，预示"，如The drop in prices signals a change in the market（价格下跌预示市场变化）。此义在新闻与说明文语篇中高频，主语常为事物。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"When he sent me an angry message, I realised it was a signal that he felt hurt, not just annoyed."（当他给我发来愤怒的消息时，我意识到那是一个信号——他感到受伤，而不仅仅是恼怒。）（经典原句·signal 信号） 【搭配词块】 a signal for/to 表示…的信号 / give out a signal 发出信号 / signal to sb. to do 示意某人做 / a clear signal that 明确的迹象 5. concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 担忧；关心；重要的事 vt. 涉及；使担忧 【核心考点】 concern是阅读与写作的高频名词兼动词。名词用法：①担忧——concern about/over（对…的担忧）、show/express concern for（对…表示关心）；②关心——concern for others（对他人的关心）；③要紧的事——It's no concern of mine（这不关我的事）。动词用法：①涉及——This concerns you（这与你有关）；②使担忧——be concerned about/for（担心…）、be concerned with（与…有关）。固定搭配：as far as...be concerned（就…而言）。派生词：concerned adj. 担心的；有关的→ the people concerned（相关人员）；concerning prep. 关于。辨析：concern（关心；担忧）vs worry（焦虑，更口语）vs care（在乎，照顾）。 【词根联想】 con-（共同，together）+ cern（拉丁语cernere"分开，筛选"）→ 一起筛选分辨→ 牵涉其中→ 涉及；担忧。联想：cern"分辨"→ concern（筛选分辨→牵涉）、discern（分辨→分开看）、certain（确定的→分辨清楚的）。记住：被卷入其中的事，就是concern。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：concern作名词还可指"关切的事，重要的事情"，如The environment is a major concern for young people（环境是年轻人关心的大事）。此义在议论文与新闻语篇中高频。 【真题原句】 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·语法填空·concerns 名词复数作表语，义"关切之事"）"Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare's concerns."（汤显祖笔下写到的一些东西，也正是莎士比亚所关切之事。）（真题原句·concern 关切的事；担忧） 【搭配词块】 be concerned about 担心 / show concern for 关心 / as far as...be concerned 就…而言 / concerning prep. 关于 6. adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v. 调整，调节；适应 【核心考点】 adjust是阅读与语法填空的高频动词。用法要点：①调整，调节——adjust the seat/volume（调整座位/音量）、adjust one's plan（调整计划）；②适应——adjust to（适应，to为介词，=adapt to）、adjust to the new environment（适应新环境）；③adjust oneself to（使自己适应）。派生词：adjustable adj. 可调节的→ an adjustable chair；adjustment n. 调整→ make adjustments（做调整）。辨析：adjust（微调以适应）vs adapt（改编；适应，强调改变自身）vs adopt（采纳，收养）vs modify（修改）。 【词根联想】 ad-（向，to）+ just（拉丁语justus"正确的，接近的"）→ 使靠近正确的状态→ 调整。联想：just"正确的"→ just（公正的）、justice（正义）、adjust（调正→调整）、adjustable（可调节的）、readjust（重新调整）。记住：ad + just = 调到正确的位置。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：adjust还可表示"（使）适应（新情况）"，如It took him a while to adjust to the new school（他花了一段时间才适应新学校）。此义与adapt to同义，在成长与校园类语篇中高频。 【真题原句】 （2020·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读D·adjust 动词原形作谓语，义"调整"）"However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits."（然而，我们会调整这种影响。如果一位超重的人正在吃一大份，我会稍稍克制，因为我看到了他饮食习惯带来的后果。）（真题原句·adjust 调整） 【搭配词块】 adjust to 适应 / adjust the plan 调整计划 / adjustable adj. 可调节的 / make adjustments 做调整 7. ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ vt. 确保，保证 【核心考点】 ensure是说明文与应用文的高频动词。用法要点：①ensure that...（确保…）——Ensure that all the windows are closed；②ensure sth.（保证某事）——ensure safety/quality（确保安全/质量）；③ensure sb. sth.（保证某人得到某物）——The scholarship ensured her a place at university。辨析：ensure（确保某事发生）vs guarantee（保证，担保，语气更强，常用于商业）vs assure（向某人保证，assure sb. of sth.）vs insure（投保，保险）。注意ensure/insure/assure三词是高考易混点：ensure确保、insure投保、assure使确信。 【词根联想】 en-（使…，make）+ sure（确定的，安全的）→ 使确定→ 确保。联想：sure"确定的"→ ensure（使确定→确保）、insure（投保→使安全）、assure（向…保证→使确信）、surely（当然）。记住：en + sure = 使之确定。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：ensure在英式英语中常拼作insure（美式两词分工明确），如insure the car（给车投保）。阅读中ensure表"确保"，insure表"投保"，注意语境区分。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Before you apologise, ensure that you have understood the whole story, and not just the part that hurt you."（在道歉之前，确保你理解了事情的全貌，而不仅仅是伤害你的那一部分。）（经典原句·ensure 确保） 【搭配词块】 ensure that... 确保… / ensure safety 确保安全 / ensure sb. sth. 保证某人得到 / guarantee vt. 保证 8. forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ vt. 原谅，宽恕 【核心考点】 forgive是人际与情感类语篇的高频动词，本单元人际主题的核心词。用法要点：①forgive sb. for (doing) sth.（原谅某人做了某事）——She forgave him for being late；②forgive and forget（既往不咎）；③forgive sb. sth.（原谅某人某事，双宾语）——Forgive me my mistakes。动词变化是高考易错点：forgive—forgave—forgiven。派生词：forgiveness n. 宽恕→ ask for forgiveness（请求原谅）；forgiving adj. 宽容的。辨析：forgive（原谅过错，不计较）vs pardon（正式，赦免）vs excuse（原谅小过失，excuse me）vs forgive（宽恕，情感更深）。 【词根联想】 for-（=forth，完全地，away）+ give（给予）→ 完全给予、把怨恨送走→ 原谅。联想：for-"完全"→ forgive（把怨恨完全送走→原谅）、forget（忘记→完全送走记忆）、forsake（抛弃→完全放弃）；give（给予）→ forgiven（被原谅的）。记住：把心结彻底送出，就是forgive。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：forgive的过去分词forgiven还可作形容词"被原谅的"，如a forgiven mistake。现代英语中forgive还可用于口语表"算了，不计较"，如I forgive you, let's move on。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Be ready to forgive a friend who makes a mistake, just as you hope to be forgiven when you make one yourself."（要乐于原谅犯错误的朋友，正如你希望自己犯错时也被原谅一样。）（经典原句·forgive 原谅） 【搭配词块】 forgive sb. for doing 原谅某人做了 / forgive and forget 既往不咎 / ask for forgiveness 请求原谅 / forgiveness n. 宽恕 9. criticise /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v. 批评，指责；评论 【核心考点】 criticise是议论文与人际类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①criticise sb. for (doing) sth.（因某事批评某人）——The teacher criticised him for being careless；②criticise sth.（评论某作品）——criticise a film（评论一部电影）；③被动be criticised for（因…受到批评）。英式拼写criticise，美式criticize，均为正确写法。派生词：criticism n. 批评→ face criticism（面对批评）、constructive criticism（建设性批评）；critic n. 评论家；critique n. 评论。辨析：criticise（批评，指出缺点）vs blame（责备，归咎）vs scold（责骂）vs comment on（评论，中性）。 【词根联想】 crit（希腊语krinein"判断，分辨"）+ -ise（动词后缀）→ 做出判断→ 批评；评论。联想：crit"判断"→ critic（评论家）、criticism（批评）、criticise（批评）、critical（挑剔的；关键的）、crisis（危机→需要判断的时刻）。记住：criticise是"下判断"，褒贬由语境定。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：criticise还可作"评论（作品）"解，不一定是贬义，如The novel was widely criticised and praised at the same time（这部小说既受到广泛批评也受到赞扬）。此义在文化评论类语篇中可见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Never criticise a friend in front of others; pull him aside and talk to him kindly instead."（绝不要在别人面前批评朋友；把他拉到一边，温和地和他谈。）（经典原句·criticise 批评） 【搭配词块】 criticise sb. for doing 因…批评某人 / face criticism 面对批评 / critic n. 评论家 / constructive criticism 建设性批评 10. deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ vt. 欺骗，蒙蔽 【核心考点】 deceive是人际与道德类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①deceive sb.（欺骗某人）——He deceived his parents about his grades；②deceive sb. into doing sth.（骗某人做某事）——They deceived me into signing the contract；③be deceived by（被…蒙蔽）——Don't be deceived by appearances（不要被表象蒙蔽）。派生词：deceit n. 欺骗→ by deceit（用欺骗手段）；deception n. 欺骗，蒙骗；deceptive adj. 骗人的→ deceptive appearances（骗人的外表）。辨析：deceive（蓄意欺骗）vs cheat（作弊；骗取，cheat in the exam）vs trick（用计谋骗）vs fool（愚弄，口语）。 【词根联想】 de-（=away，离开）+ ceiv（拉丁语capere"拿，取"）→ 把真话拿走、诱骗人离开正道→ 欺骗。联想：ceiv/cept"拿"→ deceive（拿走真相→欺骗）、receive（收到→拿回来）、conceive（构想→拿出想法）、perceive（察觉→完全获取）。记住：de + ceive = 把真相拿走。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：deceive还可表示"（使）误解，蒙蔽"，如The book's title deceived me into thinking it was a thriller（书名让我误以为它是惊悚小说）。此义中deceive sb. into doing结构是高考考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Never deceive anyone to make yourself look good, because a friendship built on lies will fall apart the moment the truth comes out."（绝不要为了让自己好看而欺骗任何人，因为建立在谎言上的友谊在真相大白时会瞬间崩塌。）（经典原句·deceive 欺骗） 【搭配词块】 deceive sb. into doing 骗某人做 / be deceived by 被…蒙蔽 / deceit n. 欺骗 / deceptive adj. 骗人的 11. justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ vt. 证明…有理；为…辩护 【核心考点】 justify是议论文与道德类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①justify (doing) sth.（证明（做）某事是正当的）——Nothing can justify breaking trust（任何理由都不能为背信辩护）；②justify oneself（为自己辩解）——He tried to justify himself to the teacher；③be justified in doing（做…是有理由的）——She was justified in complaining。派生词：justice n. 公正→ social justice（社会公正）；justified adj. 有正当理由的；justifiable adj. 可辩解的。辨析：justify（证明行为正当）vs defend（辩护，防卫）vs excuse（为…找借口，多为中性/贬义）vs explain（解释）。 【词根联想】 just（拉丁语justus"公正的"）+ -ify（动词后缀，表"使…"）→ 使公正→ 证明有理；辩护。联想：just"公正"→ just（公正的）、justice（正义）、justify（证明有理）、justified（有理由的）、unjust（不公正的）。记住：just + ify = 使之公正。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：justify还可指"证明（数据、做法）是必要的、值得的"，如The results justify the cost（成果证明这笔花费是值得的）。此义在说明文与经济类语篇中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A lie can never justify breaking trust, and no excuse can make an unkind word fair."（谎言永远无法为破坏信任辩护，任何借口都无法让一句刻薄的话变得公平。）（经典原句·justify 为…辩护） 【搭配词块】 justify doing sth. 证明做…有理 / justify oneself 为自己辩解 / be justified in doing 做…有理由 / justice n. 公正 12. frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的，直率的 【核心考点】 frank是人际与情感类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①be frank with sb.（对某人坦率）——Let's be frank with each other；②be frank about sth.（对某事直言）——He was frank about his mistakes；③固定短语to be frank / frankly speaking（坦白说，作插入语）——Frankly speaking, I was wrong。副词frankly（坦率地）。派生词：frankness n. 坦率。辨析：frank（坦率直说，不拐弯抹角）vs honest（诚实的，不撒谎）vs sincere（真诚的，发自内心的）vs open（开放的，愿意交流的）。写作金句：To be frank, honest words build stronger friendships。 【词根联想】 源自中世纪拉丁语Francus"法兰克人"→ 古法语franc"自由的，诚实的"（法兰克人是自由民，言而有信）→ 坦率的。联想：Frank（人名，法兰克人）、frankly（坦率地）、frankness（坦率）、franchise（特许权→法兰克人的自由权）。记住：franc是"自由民"，说话自由不遮掩就是frank。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Above all, be frank with each other: honest words may feel uncomfortable at first, but they build a friendship that can stand any storm."（最重要的是，彼此坦率：诚实的言语起初可能让人不舒服，但它们能建立经得起任何风雨的友谊。）（经典原句·frank 坦率的） 【搭配词块】 be frank with sb. 对某人坦率 / to be frank 坦白说 / frankly speaking 坦白说 / frankness n. 坦率 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 resolve resolution (n.) resolved (v./adj.) resolving (v.) resolve a conflict / make a resolution fault faulty (adj.) faultless (adj.) faults (n.pl.) It's my fault / find fault with strategy strategic (adj.) strategist (n.) strategically (adv.) a strategy for / adopt a strategy signal signal (v.) signalled (v.) signalling (v.) a signal for / signal to sb. concern concerned (adj.) concerning (prep.) concerns (n.pl.) be concerned about / as far as I am concerned adjust adjustable (adj.) adjustment (n.) adjusted (v.) adjust to / make adjustments ensure ensured (v.) ensuring (v.) --- ensure that / ensure safety forgive forgiveness (n.) forgiving (adj.) forgiven (v.) forgive sb. for / forgive and forget criticise criticism (n.) critic (n.) critical (adj.) criticise sb. for / face criticism deceive deceit (n.) deception (n.) deceptive (adj.) deceive sb. into doing / be deceived by justify justice (n.) justified (adj.) justifiable (adj.) justify doing / justify oneself frank frankly (adv.) frankness (n.) --- be frank with / frankly speaking Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022全国甲卷·阅读D·改编）It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at ____________ (resolve). 2.（2024新课标Ⅱ卷·语法填空·改编）Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare's ____________ (concern). 3.（2020新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读D·改编）However, we'll ____________ (adjusted) the influence of the social environment on our eating. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）The ____________ (faulty) was partly mine, and I admitted it at once. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）A better ____________ (strategic) is to talk about the problem face to face. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Her silence was a clear ____________ (signalling) that she felt deeply hurt. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）My genuine ____________ (concerned) for our friendship helped us solve the problem. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）We both ____________ (adjusting) our plans for the coming week after the talk. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）Please ____________ (ensuring) that you arrive at the meeting on time tomorrow. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）It is important to ____________ (forgiving) a friend who makes a mistake. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）Never ____________ (criticising) a friend in front of other people. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）A lie can never ____________ (justification) breaking trust. 13.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Let's be ____________ (frankly) with each other about our true feelings. 14.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The best way to solve problems is to ____________ (resolution) them together. 15.（2026广西南宁·模拟）He admitted that he had tried to ____________ (deceptive) his closest friends. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 上个月，一场小小的误会几乎毁掉了我与杰克的友谊。____________（过错）部分在我：我答应帮他练习演讲比赛，却完全忘了。 当他发来愤怒的消息时，我意识到那是一个____________（信号）——他感到受伤。我没有争吵，而是选择了更好的____________（策略），我对友谊的真诚____________（担忧）帮助我们很快____________（解决）了问题，我们也____________（调整）了计划。 从那次经历中，我学会了如何维系友谊：始终____________（确保）自己信守承诺，乐于____________（原谅）犯错误的朋友，绝不在人前____________（批评）朋友，也绝不要____________（欺骗）任何人。 谎言永远无法为____________（为…辩护）破坏信任。最重要的是，彼此____________（坦率的）——诚实的言语能建立经得起风雨的友谊。 Part 7 关联阅读 For most of the school year, Leo and I had been as close as brothers. We shared meals, homework and even the same dream of joining the school football team. So when Leo was chosen as team captain and I was not, the news hit me harder than I had expected. I told myself it did not matter, but my silence at dinner was a clear signal to my parents that something was wrong. That night I lay awake, and the fault, I slowly realised, was not Leo's at all — it was my own pride, which refused to admit that I felt left behind. The next day, Leo tried to talk to me, but I turned away, and for a week we barely spoke. We still sat next to each other in class, but the warmth between us had gone, and neither of us knew how to bring it back. My mother finally sat me down and asked what was troubling me. She did not criticise me or take sides; she simply pointed out that my concern for the friendship was real, and that hiding my feelings would only push Leo away. Her words helped me see that jealousy had blinded me, and that the only way forward was to be frank with Leo about how I felt. That evening, I called him and confessed everything. To my relief, Leo understood. “I was worried you would never speak to me again,” he said with a laugh. We agreed on a simple strategy: from then on, we would always tell each other the truth, even when it hurt, and we would forgive each other quickly after any quarrel. We also decided to adjust our old habit of comparing ourselves, because that comparison had caused the whole misunderstanding. To ensure that the same thing would never happen again, we promised to share our worries before they grew into silence. Before the season ended, we had learned that a friendship built on honesty can resolve almost any storm — and we have never looked back since. 1. What was the problem between Leo and the writer? A. They disagreed about the football team. B. The writer felt jealous of Leo's captaincy. C. Leo refused to share his homework. D. They both wanted to leave the team. 2. How did the writer's mother help him? A. She criticised Leo for his behaviour. B. She told him to give up the friendship. C. She helped him see the real reason for his feelings. D. She spoke to Leo on his behalf. 3. What was the writer's first reaction when Leo tried to talk to him? A. He walked away and refused to speak. B. He shouted angrily at Leo. C. He asked Leo for an apology. D. He reported Leo to the coach. 4. What did the two friends learn from the experience? A. Jealousy can make a person stronger. B. Comparing with friends is sometimes necessary. C. Football captains should not have close friends. D. Honesty and forgiveness keep a friendship safe. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：resolve, fault, strategy, signal, concern, adjust, ensure, forgive, criticise, deceive, justify, frank Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. We managed to settle the problem after a long and honest talk. → We managed to ____________ the problem after a long and honest talk. 2. The mistake was mine, and I should not have blamed you. → The ____________ was mine, and I should not have blamed you. 3. The best way to win the argument is to listen first. → The best ____________ to win the argument is to listen first. 4. Her tears were a clear sign that she felt sorry for what she had said. → Her tears were a clear ____________ that she felt sorry for what she had said. 5. His worry about the coming exam kept him awake all night. → His ____________ about the coming exam kept him awake all night. 6. It took me a while to get used to the new school and new classmates. → It took me a while to ____________ to the new school and new classmates. 7. Please make sure that you lock the door before you leave. → Please ____________ that you lock the door before you leave. 8. I hope you can pardon me for forgetting your birthday last week. → I hope you can ____________ me for forgetting your birthday last week. 9. My father never blames me in public; he talks to me privately instead. → My father never ____________ me in public; he talks to me privately instead. 10. He fooled his parents into believing that he had passed the exam. → He ____________ his parents into believing that he had passed the exam. 11. Nothing can prove the act of breaking a promise to be right. → Nothing can ____________ the act of breaking a promise. 12. To be honest, I was wrong to stay silent for so long. → To be ____________, I was wrong to stay silent for so long. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：fault → signal → strategy → concern → resolve → adjust → ensure → forgive → criticise → deceive → justify → frank 复述模板（填空）： 一场误会几乎毁掉友谊，____________（过错）部分在我；他的愤怒消息是受伤的____________（信号），我选择更好的____________（策略），真诚的____________（担忧）帮助我们____________（解决）了问题并____________（调整）了计划。 维系友谊要始终____________（确保）守信，乐于____________（原谅）朋友，不在人前____________（批评），不____________（欺骗）他人，谎言无法为____________（为…辩护）破坏信任，最重要的是彼此____________（坦率的）。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $