Unit 4 Great people课时2 A universe of thought 课时练习 2026-2027学年冀教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语九年级上Unit 4课时2同步练，聚焦“语言能力+思维品质”，通过三级分层设计实现从词汇积累到语篇应用的渐进式巩固，适配新授课基础夯实与能力提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（单词/词组默写）、基础语法（词形填空/单选）|聚焦单元重点词汇（如relativity、pioneer）和基础句型（be born in等），通过机械默写与语法选择夯实语言能力基础| |能力层|句型应用（完成句子/翻译）|结合爱因斯坦生平情境，考查“be famous for”“go on to do”等核心短语的灵活运用，培养信息转换与表达能力| |综合层|语篇理解（阅读/完形/阅读综合）|通过Einstein早年经历、相对论及霍金事迹等语篇，融合事实细节、推理判断与文化认知，提升思维品质与跨文化意识|

2026-2027学年冀教版九年级上 Unit 4 Great people 课时2 A universe of thought 课时练习 一、单词默写（根据汉语提示写出对应的英文单词，每题1分，共15分） 1. 相对论（n.）__________ 2. 理论（n.）__________ 3. 物理学（n.）__________ 4. 先驱；先锋（n.）__________ 5. 核能的（adj.）__________ 6. 武器（n.）__________ 7. 结论（n.）__________ 8. 错误的（adj.）__________ 9. 宇宙（n.）__________ 10. 贡献（n.）__________ 11. 灵感（n.）__________ 12. 方程式；等式（n.）__________ 13. 世纪（n.）__________ 14. 大学（n.）__________ 15. 瑞士（n.）__________ 二、词组默写（根据汉语提示写出对应的英文短语，每题1分，共8分） 1. 因……而著名 __________ 2. 相对论 __________ 3. 放弃；戒除 __________ 4. 去世；逝世 __________ 5. 继续做某事（接着做另一件事）__________ 6. 注意 __________ 7. 获得诺贝尔奖 __________ 8. 在……领域 __________ 三、完成句子（根据汉语提示完成英文句子，每空词数不限，每题2分，共20分） 1. 爱因斯坦是上世纪最伟大的思想家之一。 Einstein was one of the ______ ______ of the last century. 2. 爱因斯坦最著名的是他的相对论。 Einstein is most ______ ______ his Theory of Relativity. 3. 他于1879年出生在德国。 He was ______ in Germany ______ 1879. 4. 当他还是个小孩时，他表现出对科学和数学的浓厚兴趣。 When he was a young boy, he ______ a strong interest ______ science and maths. 5. 他继续在瑞士学习物理学。 He ______ ______ to study physics in Switzerland. 6. 他成为了现代物理学领域的先驱。 He became a ______ in the ______ of modern physics. 7. 他于1921年获得了诺贝尔奖。 He ______ the Nobel Prize ______ 1921. 8. 他在1933年离开德国，前往美国普林斯顿大学任教。 He ______ Germany in 1933 and went to ______ at Princeton University in the USA. 9. 这封信要求人们放弃核武器。 The letter asked people to ______ ______ nuclear weapons. 10. 他对我们理解宇宙的贡献永远地改变了科学的进程。 His ______ to our ______ of the universe have greatly changed the course of science forever. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 1. Einstein was one of the ______ (great) minds in history. 2. He showed a strong interest in ______ (science) research. 3. Some teachers thought he wasn't very ______ (brightly). 4. He went on ______ (study) physics after finishing school. 5. He received the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his ______ (contribute) to physics. 6. The letter asked people ______ (give) up nuclear weapons. 7. He wrote one last letter before he ______ (pass) away in 1955. 8. His ______ (inspire) words encourage us to keep questioning. 9. Ninety-nine times, the conclusion is ______ (falsehood), but the hundredth time I am right. 10. ______ (final), his work changed the course of science forever. 五、单项选择（从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，每题1分，共10分） ( )1. Einstein was born ______ Germany ______ 1879. A. in; on B. at; in C. in; in D. on; at ( )2. He showed a strong interest ______ science when he was young. A. for B. at C. with D. in ( )3. Sometimes it was hard for him ______ attention to all the subjects. A. pay B. to pay C. paying D. paid ( )4. He went on ______ physics in Switzerland. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied ( )5. Einstein became a pioneer ______ the field of modern physics. A. on B. at C. in D. for ( )6. He ______ the Nobel Prize in 1921. A. received B. accepted C. won for D. took ( )7. He left Germany and went to teach ______ Princeton University. A. at B. in C. on D. for ( )8. The letter asked people ______ nuclear weapons. A. give up B. to give up C. giving up D. gave up ( )9. Anyone who ______ never made a mistake has never tried anything new. A. have B. has C. had D. having ( )10. Einstein remains an inspiration ______ many people around the world. A. for B. to C. with D. from 六、将下列句子翻译成英文（每题2分，共10分） 1. 爱因斯坦是上世纪最伟大的科学家之一。   2. 他小时候对科学和数学表现出了浓厚的兴趣。   3. 1921年，他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。   4. 他于1933年离开德国，前往美国任教。   5. 他的一句话名言是：“重要的是不要停止提问。”   七、阅读理解（阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，每题2分，共20分） A Einstein's Early Struggles Many people believe that great scientists like Albert Einstein were always successful in school. The truth is quite different. As a young student, Einstein did not always get good grades. He was not interested in memorizing facts or following strict rules. He preferred to think deeply about problems on his own. Einstein's teachers often found him difficult. He asked too many questions and did not always follow instructions. Some teachers thought he was lazy or not very clever. However, Einstein's parents noticed his special talent. They encouraged him to follow his curiosity. When Einstein was 16, he wrote his first scientific paper. It was about the magnetic fields. Although it was not perfect, it showed his ability to think in new and creative ways. This early experience taught him that failure is not something to fear. He once said, "A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new." Einstein's early struggles show us that success does not come from perfect grades or following rules. It comes from curiosity, determination, and the courage to think differently. He is proof that being "different" can be the first step to greatness. ( )1. What was Einstein NOT interested in as a young student? A. Thinking deeply about problems. B. Memorizing facts and following strict rules. C. Asking questions. D. Writing scientific papers. ( )2. What did some of Einstein's teachers think of him? A. He was very bright. B. He was lazy or not very clever. C. He was a model student. D. He was too quiet. ( )3. How old was Einstein when he wrote his first scientific paper? A. 14. B. 15. C. 16. D. 17. ( )4. What does Einstein's early experience teach him? A. That he was not smart enough. B. That failure is something to fear. C. That failure is not something to fear. D. That he should follow rules strictly. ( )5. What is the main message of this passage? A. Einstein was a poor student who never succeeded. B. Curiosity and determination matter more than perfect grades. C. Only geniuses can become great scientists. D. Teachers are always right about their students. B The Relativity of Time One of Einstein's most famous ideas is the Theory of Relativity. This theory changed the way we understand time and space. Before Einstein, most scientists believed that time was the same for everyone, everywhere. Einstein proved that this was not true. According to Einstein, time is relative. This means that time can pass at different speeds depending on how fast you are moving. For example, a clock on a fast-moving spaceship would run slower than a clock on Earth. This is called "time dilation." Although the difference is very small at normal speeds, it becomes very noticeable when objects move close to the speed of light. Einstein's theory also showed that energy and mass are connected. This is explained by the famous equation E = MC². In this equation, E stands for energy, M stands for mass, and C stands for the speed of light. This equation shows that a small amount of mass can produce a huge amount of energy. Einstein's ideas were so unusual that many scientists did not accept them at first. But over time, experiments proved that he was right. Today, the Theory of Relativity is used in many areas, including space travel and GPS technology. Einstein's genius continues to help us understand the universe. ( )6. What did Einstein's Theory of Relativity change? A. The way we travel in space. B. The way we understand time and space. C. The way we study history. D. The way we communicate with each other. ( )7. What does "time dilation" mean according to the passage? A. Time moves faster when you are moving fast. B. Time can pass at different speeds depending on how fast you are moving. C. Time is the same for everyone everywhere. D. Time stops when you travel at the speed of light. ( )8. What does the letter "C" stand for in the equation E = MC²? A. Color. B. Creativity. C. The speed of light. D. Chemistry. ( )9. How did other scientists react to Einstein's ideas at first? A. They all accepted them immediately. B. Many did not accept them at first. C. They all rejected them completely. D. They did not care about them. ( )10. Where is the Theory of Relativity used today according to the passage? A. Only in science fiction movies. B. In space travel and GPS technology. C. Only in universities. D. In cooking and gardening. 八、完形填空（阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，每题1分，共10分） As a teenager, I was not very confident about my intelligence. I always thought I was not as 1. ______ as my classmates. One day, my teacher told us about Einstein. She said that Einstein's teachers also thought he wasn't very bright 2. ______ he was young. But Einstein never 3. ______ asking questions. He believed in his own way of thinking. This story 4. ______ me deeply. I realized that 5. ______ is not about getting perfect grades. It is about 6. ______ curiosity and never giving up. I started to ask more questions in class. I stopped being 7. ______ of making mistakes. I understood that every mistake is a chance to 8. ______. Now I am more confident. I know that I can achieve great things if I 9. ______ to work hard. Einstein's life teaches us that 10. ______ is not born — it is made through hard work, curiosity, and perseverance. ( )1. A. patient B. brave C. bright D. kind ( )2. A. unless B. when C. although D. because ( )3. A. started B. enjoyed C. stopped D. practiced ( )4. A. inspired B. confused C. worried D. bored ( )5. A. success B. failure C. talent D. luck ( )6. A. losing B. following C. forgetting D. hiding ( )7. A. proud B. fond C. afraid D. tired ( )8. A. learn B. forget C. leave D. choose ( )9. A. refuse B. continue C. regret D. pretend ( )10. A. luck B. wealth C. greatness D. safety 九、阅读综合（阅读短文，完成判断正误并回答问题，每题2分，共10分） Stephen Hawking — A Modern Genius Stephen Hawking (1942-2018) was one of the most brilliant scientists of our time. He was born in Oxford, England. Like Einstein, Hawking studied the universe and made important discoveries about black holes and the origin of the universe. When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed with a serious disease called ALS. The disease gradually paralyzed his body. At first, he felt hopeless. But he decided not to give up. He continued his research despite his physical limitations. He communicated using a special computer that could turn his thoughts into speech. Hawking's most famous book, "A Brief History of Time," was published in 1988. It became an international bestseller. The book explained complex scientific ideas in simple language. It made science accessible to ordinary people. Hawking once said, "My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all." He spent his whole life pursuing this goal. He is remembered not only for his scientific achievements but also for his courage and determination in the face of extreme adversity. Part A: 根据短文内容判断句子正误，正确写(T)，错误写(F)（每题1分，共5分） ( )1. Stephen Hawking was born in Germany. ( )2. Hawking was diagnosed with ALS when he was 21. ( )3. Hawking gave up his research after he got the disease. ( )4. "A Brief History of Time" was published in 1988. ( )5. Hawking's book made science difficult to understand. Part B: 根据短文内容回答下列问题（每题1分，共5分） 6. Where was Stephen Hawking born?   7. What disease was Hawking diagnosed with at age 21?   8. How did Hawking communicate after he lost his ability to speak?   9. What is the name of Hawking's most famous book?   10. What are two things Hawking is remembered for?   参考答案 一、单词默写 1. relativity 2. theory 3. physics 4. pioneer 5. nuclear 6. weapon 7. conclusion 8. false 9. universe 10. contribution 11. inspiration 12. equation 13. century 14. university 15. Switzerland 二、词组默写 1. be famous for 2. Theory of Relativity 3. give up 4. pass away 5. go on to do 6. pay attention to 7. receive the Nobel Prize 8. in the field of 三、完成句子 1. greatest minds 2. famous for 3. born; in 4. showed; in 5. went on 6. pioneer; field 7. received; in 8. left; teach 9. give up 10. contributions; understanding 四、词形填空 1. greatest 2. scientific 3. bright 4. to study 5. contributions 6. to give 7. passed 8. inspiring 9. false 10. Finally 五、单项选择 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B 六、句子翻译 1. Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of the last century. 2. He showed a strong interest in science and maths when he was young. 3. In 1921, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics. 4. He left Germany in 1933 and went to teach in the USA. 5. One of his famous sayings is: "The important thing is not to stop questioning." 七、阅读理解 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B 八、完形填空 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 九、阅读综合 Part A 判断正误 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F Part B 回答问题 6. He was born in Oxford, England. 7. He was diagnosed with ALS. 8. He communicated using a special computer that turned his thoughts into speech. 9. "A Brief History of Time." 10. He is remembered for his scientific achievements and his courage and determination in the face of adversity. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $