语法专题训练 2026-2027学年沪外教版（五四学制）英语七年级上册

**基本信息** 本专项聚焦沪外教版七年级上册8大语法考点，通过“规则-错误-分层训练”体系实现从基础到拓展的系统性突破，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |8大语法考点|每考点9题（基础/提升/拓展）|语法规则精要+经典错误修正+分层题型训练|按教材单元递进，构建“概念-应用-易错点”逻辑链，覆盖期中/期末核心语法|

沪外教版(五四学制)七年级上册 英语语法专题训练 2026沪外教版(五四学制)七年级上册 英语语法专题训练 (8大考点 72题 含详细解析) 教材版本 沪外教版(五四学制)七年级上册 覆盖单元 Unit 1 – Unit 8 题型说明 基础题( )3 + 提升题( )3 + 拓展题( )3 = 每考点9题 总题量 8 9 = 72 题(全部选择题 + 适当形式填空) 适用对象 七年级上学期期中/期末复习 八大语法考点总览 编号 语法考点 对应单元 核心内容 一 一般现在时与频度副词 Unit 1 School life 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观事实。 二 人称代词与物主代词 Unit 2 Making friends 人称代词主格(I/you/he/she/we/they)作主语,宾格(me/you/him/her/us/them)作宾语。 三 情态动词 can/must 与可数/不可数名词 Unit 3 Be healthy, be happy can + 动词原形,表能力或许可;否定 can't,疑问 Can you...? 四 一般过去时 Unit 4 Ready, steady, go 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态,常搭配 yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2020。 五 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 Unit 5 Go sightseeing 规则变化:单音节加 -er/-est(taller/tallest);辅元辅双写(bigger/biggest);辅音+y 变 i+er(happier/happiest)。 六 动词不定式 to do 与动名词 doing Unit 6 Inventors and their inventions 动词不定式 to do 可作宾语:want to do, hope to do, decide to do, plan to do, would like to do。 七 一般将来时 will / be going to 与状语从句 Unit 7 Global warming will + 动词原形,表将来客观事实或临时决定;be going to + 动词原形,表计划或预见。 八 There be 句型 / 祈使句 / 选择疑问句 Unit 8 Holidays and festivals There is + 可数单数/不可数;There are + 可数复数。就近原则:There is a book and two pens. 考点一:一般现在时与频度副词 对应单元:Unit 1 School life 语法规则 — 考点一 1. 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观事实。 2. 主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it)时,动词加 -s/-es(如 goes, watches)。 3. 频度副词 always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom > never 放在 be 动词后、实义动词前。 4. 否定句:主语非三单用 don't + 动词原形;三单用 doesn't + 动词原形。 5. 疑问句:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形?Does 提问时动词还原。 经典错误 — 考点一 She go to school every day. She goes to school every day. 三单主语,动词须加 -es。 He don't like music. He doesn't like music. 三单否定用 doesn't,动词还原。 They is often late. They are often late. be 动词后接频度副词,主谓一致优先。 Does she goes to Qingdao? Does she go to Qingdao? Does 已表三单,动词用原形。 基础题(选择题)— 考点一 ( )1. Olivia usually _ to school by bus. A. go B. goes C. going D. gone ( )2. Jam and Chen Wei _ football after class. A. plays B. play C. playing D. to play ( )3. Lily _ gets up at 6:30 every morning. A. usual B. usually C. is usual D. are usually 提升题(选择题)— 考点一 ( )1. — _ Zhang Hao often _ TV on weekends? —Yes, he does. A. Do; watch B. Does; watches C. Does; watch D. Is; watching ( )2. Bella seldom _ to Xiamen because it's too far. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go ( )3. They _ breakfast at home. They always eat at school. A. doesn't have B. don't have C. doesn't has D. don't has 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点一 ( )1. Zhou Kai always _ (do) his homework carefully. (所给词:do) ( )2. Olivia and Jam _ (not like) spicy food. (所给词:not like) ( )3. Chen Wei _ (study) English every evening. (所给词:study) 考点二:人称代词与物主代词 对应单元:Unit 2 Making friends 语法规则 — 考点二 1. 人称代词主格(I/you/he/she/we/they)作主语,宾格(me/you/him/her/us/them)作宾语。 2. 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their)+ 名词,名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs)后不接名词。 3. 反身代词:myself/yourself/himself/herself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves,用于 by oneself(独自)等。 4. 动词后接代词宾格:help me, teach us, call him。 5. 名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词,可单独使用。 经典错误 — 考点二 This book is mine book. This book is mine. mine 后不再加名词。 He gave the pen to I. He gave the pen to me. 介词后接宾格 me。 She did it by she. She did it by herself. by oneself 用反身代词。 The bag is their. The bag is theirs. 名词性物主代词 theirs 后无名词。 基础题(选择题)— 考点二 ( )1. — Is this _ ruler? —Yes, it's _. A. you; mine B. your; mine C. your; my D. you; my ( )2. Lily is a good friend of _. A. me B. my C. mine D. I ( )3. Jam can help _ with English. A. we B. our C. us D. ours 提升题(选择题)— 考点二 ( )1. Chen Wei and Zhou Kai teach _ Chinese after school. A. themself B. themselves C. them D. their ( )2. — Whose backpack is this? —It must be _. I saw Bella use it. A. her B. hers C. she D. herself ( )3. Olivia made the card by _. No one helped _. A. her; her B. herself; she C. herself; her D. hers; her 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点二 ( )1. Zhang Hao forgot to bring _ (he) dictionary today. (所给词:he) ( )2. The winner is Lily. The prize is _ (her). (所给词:her) ( )3. They enjoyed _ (they) at the party in Wuhan. (所给词:they) 考点三:情态动词 can/must 与可数/不可数名词 对应单元:Unit 3 Be healthy, be happy 语法规则 — 考点三 1. can + 动词原形,表能力或许可;否定 can't,疑问 Can you...? 2. must + 动词原形,表必须;否定 mustn't 表禁止(≠ don't have to 不必)。 3. 可数名词复数加 -s/-es(tomatoes, potatoes, boxes);不可数名词无复数(water, rice, bread)。 4. a/an + 可数单数;many + 可数复数;much + 不可数;some/any + 两者皆可。 5. How many + 可数复数;How much + 不可数(问数量或价格)。 经典错误 — 考点三 She can sings very well. She can sing very well. can 后接动词原形。 You mustn't arrive late. (= 不必) You don't have to arrive late. mustn't 是禁止,不必用 don't have to。 I want two water. I want two glasses of water. 不可数名词不能直接加数词。 How many milks do we need? How much milk do we need? milk 不可数,用 How much。 基础题(选择题)— 考点三 ( )1. Jam _ swim when he was five. A. can B. could C. must D. will ( )2. We _ eat too much candy. It's bad for teeth. A. must B. mustn't C. can D. need ( )3. There is some _ on the table. A. apple B. bread C. tomato D. banana 提升题(选择题)— 考点三 ( )1. — _ I borrow your dictionary? —Sure, but you _ return it tomorrow. A. Can; must B. Must; can C. Need; mustn't D. May; can't ( )2. How _ rice do we need for the meal in Xiamen? A. many B. much C. often D. long ( )3. You _ be late for school. The teacher is very strict. A. must B. mustn't C. needn't D. can 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点三 ( )1. Olivia _ (can) ride a bike when she was four. (所给词:can) ( )2. There are many _ (tomato) in the basket. (所给词:tomato) ( )3. We need some _ (milk) for breakfast. (所给词:milk) 考点四:一般过去时 对应单元:Unit 4 Ready, steady, go 语法规则 — 考点四 1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态,常搭配 yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2020。 2. 规则动词加 -ed(played, walked);以 e 结尾加 -d(lived);辅元辅双写加 -ed(stopped)。 3. 不规则动词需特殊记忆:go went, do did, see saw, eat ate, have had, make made。 4. 否定句:didn't + 动词原形;疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形? 5. be 动词过去式:am/is was, are were;否定 wasn't/weren't。 经典错误 — 考点四 She goed to Qingdao yesterday. She went to Qingdao yesterday. go 是不规则动词,过去式 went。 They didn't went to the park. They didn't go to the park. didn't 后接动词原形。 He don't finished his homework. He didn't finish his homework. 过去时否定用 didn't。 I was go to Wuhan last summer. I went to Wuhan last summer. went 本身含过去,不与 was 连用。 基础题(选择题)— 考点四 ( )1. Chen Wei _ a great time in Xiamen last holiday. A. has B. had C. have D. is having ( )2. — What did Olivia do yesterday? —She _ her room. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned D. cleaning ( )3. They _ to the museum two days ago. A. go B. goes C. went D. are going 提升题(选择题)— 考点四 ( )1. Jam _ his homework before dinner yesterday. A. does B. did C. done D. doing ( )2. — _ Bella visit her grandma last weekend? —No, she _. A. Did; didn't B. Does; doesn't C. Was; wasn't D. Were; weren't ( )3. The students _ a school trip to Jinan last spring. A. have B. has C. had D. are having 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点四 ( )1. Zhang Hao _ (make) a model plane by himself yesterday. (所给词:make) ( )2. Lily _ (not watch) TV last night because she was tired. (所给词:not watch) ( )3. Zhou Kai _ (eat) two bowls of rice for lunch yesterday. (所给词:eat) 考点五:形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 对应单元:Unit 5 Go sightseeing 语法规则 — 考点五 1. 规则变化:单音节加 -er/-est(taller/tallest);辅元辅双写(bigger/biggest);辅音+y 变 i+er(happier/happiest)。 2. 多音节词前加 more/most(more beautiful/most beautiful)。 3. 不规则:good/well better best; bad/ill worse worst; many/much more most; little less least。 4. 比较级常用 than 连接;最高级前加 the,后常接 in/of 短语。 5. as + 原级 + as 表"和…一样";not as/so...as 表"不如"。 经典错误 — 考点五 She is more taller than me. She is taller than me. taller 已是比较级,不加 more。 This is the most easiest book. This is the easiest book. easiest 已含最高级,不加 most。 He runs more fast than Jam. He runs faster than Jam. fast 单音节,比较级 faster。 Wuhan is bigger as Xiamen. Wuhan is bigger than Xiamen. 比较级用 than,不用 as。 基础题(选择题)— 考点五 ( )1. Qingdao is _ than Jinan in summer because it's near the sea. A. cool B. cooler C. coolest D. more cool ( )2. Olivia is the _ student in her class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. more tall ( )3. Jam runs _ than Chen Wei. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 提升题(选择题)— 考点五 ( )1. The weather in Xiamen is _ than that in Wuhan in winter. A. warm B. warmer C. warmest D. more warm ( )2. Lily is one of the _ girls in our school. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. popularest ( )3. Zhang Hao doesn't run as _ as Zhou Kai. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点五 ( )1. This book is _ (interesting) than that one. (所给词:interesting) ( )2. Bella is the _ (good) singer in the club. (所给词:good) ( )3. Kunming is _ (beautiful) than I thought. (所给词:beautiful) 考点六:动词不定式 to do 与动名词 doing 对应单元:Unit 6 Inventors and their inventions 语法规则 — 考点六 1. 动词不定式 to do 可作宾语:want to do, hope to do, decide to do, plan to do, would like to do。 2. 动名词 doing 作宾语:enjoy doing, like doing, love doing, mind doing, keep doing。 3. 使役动词 let/make/have + 宾 + 动词原形;help (to) do 可带可不带 to。 4. 感官动词 see/hear/watch + 宾 + do(全过程)/ doing(正在进行)。 5. It's + adj. + to do sth.(如 It's important to learn English.) 经典错误 — 考点六 She wants go to Qingdao. She wants to go to Qingdao. want 后接 to do。 He enjoys to play basketball. He enjoys playing basketball. enjoy 后接 doing。 Let me to help you. Let me help you. let 后接动词原形。 I look forward to see you. I look forward to seeing you. look forward to + doing。 基础题(选择题)— 考点六 ( )1. Chen Wei hopes _ a scientist in the future. A. be B. to be C. being D. is ( )2. Olivia enjoys _ music after school. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listens ( )3. Jam decided _ hard at English. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studies 提升题(选择题)— 考点六 ( )1. The teacher asked us _ noise in the library. A. not make B. not to make C. to not make D. don't make ( )2. Lily is looking forward to _ her friends in Wuhan. A. meet B. meets C. meeting D. met ( )3. It's important for students _ every day. A. exercise B. to exercise C. exercising D. exercises 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点六 ( )1. Zhou Kai plans _ (visit) Xiamen this summer. (所给词:visit) ( )2. Bella keeps _ (practice) the piano every day. (所给词:practice) ( )3. Zhang Hao made his brother _ (laugh) with a joke. (所给词:laugh) 考点七:一般将来时 will / be going to 与状语从句 对应单元:Unit 7 Global warming 语法规则 — 考点七 1. will + 动词原形,表将来客观事实或临时决定;be going to + 动词原形,表计划或预见。 2. 时间状语从句(when/as soon as/until)+ 主将从现:主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。 3. if 条件句(主将从现):If it rains, we will stay at home. 4. 否定:won't = will not;isn't/aren't going to。 5. 将来时标志词:tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon。 经典错误 — 考点七 I will goes to Qingdao tomorrow. I will go to Qingdao tomorrow. will 后接动词原形。 If it will rain, we stay home. If it rains, we will stay home. if 从句用一般现在时表将来。 She is go to call you later. She is going to call you later. be going to 中 going 不能省。 When he will come, I tell you. When he comes, I will tell you. when 引导的时间状语从句用主将从现。 基础题(选择题)— 考点七 ( )1. They _ a trip to Wuhan next month. A. take B. takes C. will take D. took ( )2. I _ going to join the art club. A. am B. is C. are D. be ( )3. If it rains tomorrow, we _ at home. A. stay B. stays C. will stay D. stayed 提升题(选择题)— 考点七 ( )1. — What _ you _ this weekend? —I'm going to visit Kunming. A. will; do B. are; do C. do; do D. did; do ( )2. When Chen Wei _ back, please tell me. A. will come B. comes C. came D. is coming ( )3. Jam said he _ help me with the project. A. will B. is going to C. would D. can 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点七 ( )1. Olivia _ (not go) to the party if she is busy. (所给词:not go) ( )2. They are _ (plant) trees in Xiamen next spring. (所给词:plant) ( )3. As soon as Lily _ (finish) homework, she will play the piano. (所给词:finish) 考点八:There be 句型 / 祈使句 / 选择疑问句 对应单元:Unit 8 Holidays and festivals 语法规则 — 考点八 1. There is + 可数单数/不可数;There are + 可数复数。就近原则:There is a book and two pens. 2. 否定:There isn't / There aren't;疑问:Is there...? / Are there...? 3. 祈使句以动词原形开头,表请求/命令/建议:Close the door. / Don't be late. 4. Let's + 动词原形,表提议:Let's go shopping. 5. 选择疑问句:用 or 连接,不用 Yes/No 回答:Do you like tea or coffee? 经典错误 — 考点八 There have many students in the hall. There are many students in the hall. 某地有某物用 There be,不用 have。 Don't to be noisy in class. Don't be noisy in class. Don't 后接动词原形。 Is there some milk? Yes, there is. Is there any milk? Yes, there is. 疑问句中 some 变 any。 Let's to go home now. Let's go home now. Let's 后接动词原形。 基础题(选择题)— 考点八 ( )1. _ some water in the glass. A. There is B. There are C. Have D. Has ( )2. _ late for school again, Jam! A. Don't be B. Not be C. Be not D. Aren't ( )3. — Are there any apples? —_. A. Yes, there aren't B. No, there are C. Yes, there are D. No, they aren't 提升题(选择题)— 考点八 ( )1. There _ a sports meet in our school next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. are going to be ( )2. — Do you like swimming _ running? —I like running. A. and B. or C. but D. so ( )3. Let's _ a card for our teacher on Teachers' Day. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 拓展题(用所给词适当形式填空)— 考点八 ( )1. There _ (be) a lot of people in the park yesterday. (所给词:be) ( )2. _ (not touch) the wet paint on the wall. (所给词:not touch) ( )3. There is _ (little) milk left. Let's buy some. (所给词:little) 参考答案与详细解析 考点一:一般现在时与频度副词 考点一 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:B | every day 提示一般现在时,Olivia 是三单,动词加 -es goes。 2. 答案:B | ... 3. 答案:B | usually 是频度副词,放在实义动词 gets 之前。 【提升题】 1. 答案:C | Zhang Hao 是三单,疑问句用 Does,动词还原为 watch。 2. 答案:B | seldom 含否定意味但仍是肯定句结构,三单用 goes。 3. 答案:B | They 是复数,否定用 don't + have(动词原形)。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:does | always 提示一般现在时,Zhou Kai 三单 does。 2. 答案:don't like | Olivia and Jam 复数,否定用 don't + like 原形。 3. 答案:studies | Chen Wei 三单,study 变 studies(辅音+y 变 i+es)。 考点二:人称代词与物主代词 考点二 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:B | 第一空后接名词 ruler,用形容词性物主代词 your;第二空后无名词,用名词性物主代词 mine。 2. 答案:C | .. 3. 答案:C | help 后接代词宾格 us。 【提升题】 1. 答案:B | teach 后接反身代词 themselves(他们自己)。 2. 答案:B | 答句后无名词,用名词性物主代词 hers = her backpack。 3. 答案:C | by herself(独自),help 后接宾格 her。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:his | 修饰名词 dictionary,用形容词性物主代词 his。 2. 答案:hers | 名词性物主代词 hers = her prize。 3. 答案:themselves | enjoy oneself 固定搭配,themselves 与 they 对应。 考点三:情态动词 can/must 与可数/不可数名词 考点三 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:B | when he was five 提示过去能力,can 的过去式 could。 2. 答案:B | mustn't 表禁止,吃太多糖对牙齿有害 禁止。 3. 答案:B | bread 是不可数名词,无复数形式。 【提升题】 1. 答案:A | Can I...? 请求许可;must 表必须归还。 2. 答案:B | rice 不可数,用 How much 提问数量。 3. 答案:B | must 表必须,老师严格 不能迟到。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:could | when she was four 提示过去能力 could。 2. 答案:tomatoes | many + 可数复数,tomato tomatoes。 3. 答案:milk | milk 不可数,用原形 milk。 考点四:一般过去时 考点四 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:B | last holiday 提示过去时,have had。 2. 答案:C | yesterday 提示过去时,clean cleaned。 3. 答案:C | two days ago 提示过去时,go went。 【提升题】 1. 答案:B | yesterday 提示过去时,用 did(do 的过去式)。 2. 答案:A | last weekend 提示过去时,用 Did 提问;否定回答 didn't。 3. 答案:C | last spring 提示过去时,have had。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:made | yesterday 提示过去时,make made。 2. 答案:didn't watch | last night 提示过去时否定,didn't + watch 原形。 3. 答案:ate | yesterday 提示过去时,eat ate(不规则)。 考点五:形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 考点五 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:B | than 提示比较级,cool cooler。 2. 答案:C | in her class 提示最高级,tall tallest。 3. 答案:B | than 提示比较级,fast faster。 【提升题】 1. 答案:B | than 提示比较级,warm warmer。 2. 答案:C | one of + the + 最高级,popular most popular。 3. 答案:A | not as...as 中间用原级 fast。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:more interesting | than 提示比较级,多音节 interesting more interesting。 2. 答案:best | in the club 表范围,good best(最高级)。 3. 答案:more beautiful | than 提示比较级,beautiful more beautiful。 考点六:动词不定式 to do 与动名词 doing 考点六 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:B | hope to do 固定搭配,hope to be 希望成为。 2. 答案:C | enjoy doing 固定搭配,enjoy listening。 3. 答案:B | decide to do 固定搭配,decide to study。 【提升题】 1. 答案:B | ask sb. not to do sth. 叫某人不要做某事。 2. 答案:C | look forward to + doing,meet meeting。 3. 答案:B | It's + adj. + to do sth. 固定句型。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:to visit | plan to do,visit to visit。 2. 答案:practicing | keep doing,practice practicing。 3. 答案:laugh | make sb. do sth.,用动词原形 laugh。 考点七:一般将来时 will / be going to 与状语从句 考点七 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:C | next month 提示将来时,用 will take。 2. 答案:A | I 搭配 am going to。 3. 答案:C | if 条件句主将从现,主句用 will stay。 【提升题】 1. 答案:A | .. 2. 答案:B | when 引导时间状语从句,主将从现,从句用 comes。 3. 答案:C | said 后接过去将来时 would + 动词原形。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:won't go | if 条件句主将从现,主句用 won't go。 2. 答案:going to plant | next spring 提示将来,are going to plant。 3. 答案:finishes | as soon as 主将从现,从句 Lily 三单 finishes。 考点八:There be 句型 / 祈使句 / 选择疑问句 考点八 答案速查 【基础题】 1. 答案:A | water 不可数,用 There is。 2. 答案:A | 祈使句否定 Don't + be + adj.。 3. 答案:C | Are there 肯定回答 Yes, there are。 【提升题】 1. 答案:C | next week 提示将来,There will be 固定句型。 2. 答案:B | 选择疑问句用 or 连接。 3. 答案:A | Let's + 动词原形 make。 【拓展题】 1. 答案:were | yesterday 提示过去时,There were。 2. 答案:Don't touch | 祈使句否定 Don't touch。 3. 答案:little | little 修饰不可数 milk,表"几乎没有"。 — 第 页 — 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $