2026-2027学年教科版(五四学制)六年级英语上册期末语法专题练习

**基本信息** 初中英语期末专项训练，聚焦8大核心语法考点，以“考点详解+分层训练”构建系统性突破体系，提炼基础规则与特殊用法，培养语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |八大语法考点|72道精选题（含基础/提升/拓展）|be动词人称搭配与就近原则、三单变化规则、代词格位辨析等|从基础规则（如be动词基本用法）到特殊情境（如neither...nor就近原则），分层递进，覆盖概念生成与应用拓展|

教科版（五四学制）六年级上册 · 英语语法专题练习 2026教科版（五四学制） 六年级上册 英语语法专题练习 8大考点 · 72道精选题 · 含详细解析 姓名：________________ 班级：________________ 得分：________________ 适用教材：教科版（五四学制）六年级上册 Units 1–5 全册重点语法覆盖 📖 本册八大重点语法一览 编号 语法项目 核心要点 考点一 be动词（am/is/are） I→am, you→are, he/she/it→is；单数is复数are；否定+not，疑问be提前 考点二 人称代词与物主代词 主格I/he/she作主语；宾格me/him/her作宾语；形物代my/his接名词；名物代mine/his独立用 考点三 可数/不可数名词与量词 不可数无复数（milk/bread/rice）；some肯定/any否定疑问；a little+不可数/a few+可数复 考点四 指示代词与身份询问 this/these近处，that/those远处；This is...介绍；Who is that?—He/She is... 考点五 一般现在时与三单变化 经常性动作/客观事实；三单加s/es/变y为i加es；否定Doesn't+动原；疑问Does...? 考点六 方位介词与There be就近原则 in/on/at/under/between/among/behind/next to；There is+单数/There are+复数；就近原则 考点七 连词and/but/because/so and并列顺承；but转折；because原因（回答why）；so结果；or否则/或者；but不与although连用 考点八 情态动词can表能力与许可 can+动原表能力/许可；否定can't；疑问Can you...?；后接动原不受人称影响 考点一：be动词（am/is/are）的用法 📝 考点详解：be动词是英语中最基础的动词，用来表达状态、身份、特征。I用am，you用are，is连着he/she/it；单数is，复数are，不可数名词用is。否定句在be后加not，疑问句把be提到主语前。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Zhang Hao and I ______ good friends. We often play basketball together. A. am B. is C. are D. be ◇ （ ）2. —What ______ your name? —My name ______ Olivia. A. are; is B. is; is C. am; are D. is; am ◇ （ ）3. They ______ in Class 3, Grade 6. Their teacher ______ very kind. A. is; are B. are; is C. am; is D. are; are ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. There ______ some milk and two apples on the table. Don't waste food. A. are B. is C. have D. has ▷ （ ）5. —______ you Lily? —No, I ______ not. I'm Bella. A. Are; am B. Is; am C. Are; is D. Am; are ▷ （ ）6. Physics ______ interesting, but some students ______ afraid of it. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. Neither Chen Wei nor Jam ______ late for school. They always get up early. A. is B. are C. am D. be ★ （ ）8. The number of students in our school ______ about 1,200. A number of them ______ from Xiamen. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is ★ （ ）9. All the food on the plate ______ delicious. But not everyone ______ happy with the meal. A. are; are B. is; is C. is; are D. are; is 考点二：人称代词与物主代词的辨析 📝 考点详解：人称代词主格（I/you/he/she/it/we/they）作主语，宾格（me/you/him/her/it/us/them）作宾语或介词后。形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）后必须接名词，名词性物主代词（mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）可独立使用。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Olivia is a junior high student. ______ favourite subject is biology. A. She B. Her C. Hers D. She's ◇ （ ）2. —Is this dictionary yours? —No, it's ______. I left ______ at home. A. his; mine B. her; my C. hers; mine D. his; my ◇ （ ）3. Jam and ______ are in the same club. ______ often help each other with homework. A. I; We B. me; Us C. I; Us D. me; We ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. The teacher asked ______ to hand in ______ exercise books before Friday. A. we; our B. us; our C. us; ours D. we; ours ▷ （ ）5. —Whose bag is this? —It must be ______. Look, ______ name is on it. A. Lily's; her B. Lily; hers C. Lily's; she D. Lily; she's ▷ （ ）6. Between you and ______, I think the green apples taste better than ______. A. me; them B. I; they C. me; they D. I; them ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. The white cat is ______. I feed ______ every morning before school. A. mine; it B. my; it C. mine; them D. my; them ★ （ ）8. Our school is bigger than ______. We often visit ______ after class. A. their; them B. theirs; them C. theirs; they D. their; they ★ （ ）9. Someone left ______ umbrella here. Is it ______, Chen Wei? A. their; yours B. his; your C. her; you D. its; yours 考点三：可数名词与不可数名词及量词搭配 📝 考点详解：可数名词有单复数形式（加-s/-es/变y为i加es等），不可数名词（water/rice/milk/bread/meat/butter/cheese/chocolate）无复数，不能直接加a/an或数词。表示数量时用 a piece of bread / a glass of milk / two bowls of rice。some用于肯定句，any用于否定/疑问句。a little修饰不可数（表肯定），a few修饰可数复数。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. I'd like some ______ and two ______ for breakfast. A. milk; egg B. milks; eggs C. milk; eggs D. milks; egg ◇ （ ）2. There isn't ______ meat in the fridge. Can you buy ______ from the shop? A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some ◇ （ ）3. We need to eat more fresh ______ and drink less ______. A. vegetable; soft drink B. vegetables; soft drinks C. vegetables; soft drink D. vegetable; soft drinks ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. —How much ______ do we need? —Three ______, please. A. butters; piece of bread B. butter; pieces of bread C. butter; piece of breads D. butters; pieces of breads ▷ （ ）5. There are ______ apples but there is only ______ juice left. Who drank it? A. a few; a little B. a little; a few C. few; little D. little; few ▷ （ ）6. Olivia usually has ______ for lunch. She thinks too much ______ is bad for teeth. A. some carrot; chocolates B. some carrots; chocolate C. any carrot; chocolate D. any carrots; chocolates ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. Would you like ______ water? I have ______ bottles in my bag. A. some; a few B. any; a little C. some; a little D. any; a few ★ （ ）8. The farmer grows rice and vegetables. He also keeps ______ chickens and sells ______ eggs at the market. A. many; a lot of B. much; many C. a lot of; many D. many; much ★ （ ）9. Information about healthy eating is everywhere, but ______ advice we get isn't always useful. We should choose ______ carefully. A. a lot of; it B. many; them C. a few; it D. several; them 考点四：指示代词 this/these/that/those 与身份询问 📝 考点详解：this/these指代近处的人或物（this+单数，these+复数），that/those指代远处的人或物（that+单数，those+复数）。介绍他人用 This is... / These are...；询问身份用 Who is this/that? — He/She is...；Who are these/those? — They are...。电话中用 That is... 指对方。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. —Who is ______ over there? —______ is my cousin Bella from Kunming. A. this; This B. that; That C. these; They D. those; These ◇ （ ）2. ______ are my grandparents. They live in Jinan with my uncle. A. This B. That C. These D. It ◇ （ ）3. —Are ______ your books on the desk? —Yes, ______ are mine. Thank you! A. that; that B. those; those C. this; this D. those; they ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. Hello! ______ is Olivia speaking. Is ______ Lily? I have some great news! A. This; that B. That; this C. It; that D. This; it ▷ （ ）5. Look at ______ picture on the wall. ______ pictures were taken in Xiamen last summer. A. this; That B. that; This C. these; Those D. that; Those ▷ （ ）6. —Who are the two boys behind you in the photo? —Oh, ______ are my classmates. ______ one in blue is Zhang Hao. A. these; This B. those; That C. they; The D. them; A ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. I don't like ______ kind of soft drinks. Could you pass me ______ orange juice instead? A. this; that B. these; those C. that; this D. those; these ★ （ ）8. Neither ______ nor ______ answer is correct. Please try again with a different example. A. this; that B. these; those C. that; this D. those; these ★ （ ）9. —What about ______ pair of trousers? —Oh, ______ ones are too short. Do you have longer ones? A. this; this B. that; that C. these; these D. those; those 考点五：一般现在时与第三人称单数变化 📝 考点详解：一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观事实。主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）时，动词加-s或-es：一般加s（likes/reads），以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加es（watches/goes），辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加es（studies/flies）。否定用doesn't+动词原形，疑问用Does...动词原形。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Zhou Kai usually ______ up at 6:30 every morning and ______ breakfast at 7:00. A. get; eat B. gets; eats C. gets; eat D. get; eats ◇ （ ）2. My mother ______ to work by bus, but my father ______ a car to the office. A. go; drive B. goes; drives C. goes; drive D. go; drives ◇ （ ）3. Lily ______ chess with her grandpa every Sunday. She ______ it very much. A. play; like B. plays; likes C. play; likes D. plays; like ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. —What does Chen Wei do after school? —He usually ______ homework first, then ______ football. A. do; play B. does; plays C. does; play D. do; plays ▷ （ ）5. The earth ______ around the sun. It ______ a complete circle every 365 days. A. move; make B. moves; makes C. moves; make D. move; makes ▷ （ ）6. Neither Olivia nor her brother ______ TV on weekdays. They ______ their time reading instead. A. watch; spend B. watches; spends C. watches; spend D. watch; spends ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. Jam's family ______ in Qingdao. His father ______ in a big hospital as a doctor. A. live; work B. lives; works C. live; works D. lives; work ★ （ ）8. Each of the students in Class 2 ______ a different after-school activity. Some ______ sports, others music. A. have; like B. has; likes C. has; like D. have; likes ★ （ ）9. The number of people who ______ fast food every day ______ increasing. We should pay attention to our diet. A. eat; is B. eats; are C. eat; are D. eats; is 考点六：方位介词与 There be 句型就近原则 📝 考点详解：常用方位介词：in（在…里面/大地点），on（在…上面/紧邻），at（在…旁边/小地点），under（在…下面），between（在两者之间），among（在三者及以上之间），behind（在…后面），in front of（在…前面），next to（紧挨着）。There be表示"某地有某物"，遵循就近原则：There is a book and two pens = There are two pens and a book。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. There ______ a biology book and three notebooks on the desk. Whose are they? A. are B. is C. have D. has ◇ （ ）2. The library is ______ the school gate. You can see it as soon as you enter. A. between B. among C. in front of D. next to ◇ （ ）3. Olivia sits ______ Zhang Hao and Lily. She is the monitor of their class. A. among B. between C. in D. on ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. There ______ any milk in the glass. Let's go and get ______ from the kitchen. A. isn't; some B. aren't; some C. isn't; any D. aren't; any ▷ （ ）5. The post office is ______ the left of the street, just ______ the supermarket. A. in; behind B. on; opposite C. at; between D. on; among ▷ （ ）6. There ______ two bottles of juice and a piece of cheese in the fridge. Mum bought them yesterday. A. is B. are C. have D. has ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. The ball is ______ the chair. I can't reach it. Can you help me get it? A. in B. on C. under D. at ★ （ ）8. There ______ a sports meeting next week. All the students ______ excited about it. A. is going to have; are B. is going to be; are C. is going to be; is D. is going to have; is ★ （ ）9. ______ there any interesting activities in your school club? We want to join ______ one. A. Is; some B. Are; any C. Is; any D. Are; some 考点七：连词 and/but/because/so 的逻辑运用 📝 考点详解：and表示并列或顺承（A and B，先…然后…）；but表示转折（虽然…但是…），注意英语中but不能与although连用；because引导原因状语从句，回答why提问；so表示结果（因此/所以），不能与because连用。选择连词or（或者/否则）。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. Olivia likes biology, ______ her brother prefers physics. They often discuss science together. A. and B. but C. because D. so ◇ （ ）2. Chen Wei got up late this morning, ______ he missed the school bus. He had to run to school. A. and B. but C. because D. so ◇ （ ）3. —Why do you like geography? —______ it helps me understand the world better. A. So B. But C. Because D. And ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. Hurry up, ______ we will be late for the meeting. The teacher is already in the classroom. A. and B. but C. or D. so ▷ （ ）5. She is good at chemistry ______ she practises a lot. ______ her deskmate is better. A. because; And B. so; But C. because; But D. so; And ▷ （ ）6. ______ it was raining heavily, the students still went to school on time. They didn't want to miss the exam. A. Because B. Although C. So D. And ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. Jam didn't pass the maths test, ______ he didn't give up. He decided to study harder ______ get better marks. A. and; so B. but; and C. so; but D. but; so ★ （ ）8. The food in the school canteen is cheap ______ healthy, ______ many students choose to eat there instead of buying snacks. A. and; so B. but; because C. or; so D. and; but ★ （ ）9. ______ you don't like eating vegetables, you should still try some carrots and cabbage. They are good for your eyes ______ help you grow tall. A. Because; and B. Although; but C. Although; and D. So; or 考点八：情态动词 can/can't 表能力与请求许可 📝 考点详解：can + 动词原形，表示"能/会"（能力）或"可以"（请求许可）。否定 can't = cannot，表示"不能/不会"。疑问句 Can you...? 回答 Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 注意：can后必须用动词原形，不受主语人称影响。表请求许可时，Could you...? 更礼貌。can与be able to意义相近，但be able to有时态变化。 ● 基础题：（选择题） ◇ （ ）1. —Can you play ping-pong, Zhang Hao? —Yes, I ______. I often play with my father. A. can B. am C. do D. will ◇ （ ）2. Lily ______ speak English very well, but she ______ speak French at all. A. can; can B. can; can't C. can't; can D. can't; can't ◇ （ ）3. —______ I borrow your dictionary, please? —Sure. Here you are. A. Must B. Should C. Can D. Need ● 提升题：（选择题） ▷ （ ）4. —Can Chen Wei and Jam swim? —______. They are both on the school swim team. A. Yes, they can B. No, they can't C. Yes, they are D. No, they don't ▷ （ ）5. Olivia is only twelve, but she ______ cook simple meals for herself when her parents are busy. A. can B. can't C. isn't D. doesn't ▷ （ ）6. You ______ use mobile phones in class. It's one of the school rules. Please keep them in your bag. A. can B. can't C. must D. need ● 拓展题：（选择题） ★ （ ）7. —What ______ you do to help the community? —We ______ clean the park and visit the old people's home. A. are; can B. can; can C. do; are D. can; are ★ （ ）8. Neither of them ______ drive a car yet, but they ______ ride bicycles to school every day instead. A. can; can B. can't; can C. can; can't D. can't; can't ★ （ ）9. If you want to stay healthy, you ______ eat too much chocolate or drink too many soft drinks. You ______ always choose water or fresh juice instead. A. can; can B. can't; should C. should; can't D. can; shouldn't 📋 答案速查表 考点 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 考点一 C B B B A C A C B 考点二 B A A B A A A B A 考点三 C B C B A B A A A 考点四 B C D A D C C A B 考点五 B B B B B C C C A 考点六 B C B A B B C B B 考点七 B D C C C B B A C 考点八 A B C A A B B A B 📝 详细解析 考点一 be动词（am/is/are）的用法 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：C　主语Zhang Hao and I是复数，be动词用are。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：B　your name是单数，用is；My name作主语也是单数，用is。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：B　They是复数，用are；teacher是单数，用is。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：B　There be就近原则，最近名词milk是不可数名词，用is。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：A　you搭配Are；I搭配am。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：C　Physics是不可数名词（形式复数意义单数），用is；students是复数，用are。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：A　Neither...nor...就近原则，最近主语Jam是单数，用is。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：C　The number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数is；A number of+复数名词作主语，谓语用复数are。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：B　food是不可数名词，用is；everyone是不定代词，用单数is。 考点二 人称代词与物主代词的辨析 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：B　favourite subject前需要形容词性物主代词her，修饰名词subject。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：A　his是名词性物主代词（=his dictionary）；mine也是名词性物主代词（=my dictionary）。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：A　Jam and I作主语，用主格I；We作主语，用主格We。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：B　ask后接宾格us；exercise books前用形容词性物主代词our。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：A　Lily's表示所属；her name中her是形容词性物主代词。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：A　Between you and me固定搭配（介词后用宾格）；than them（than是介词）。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：A　mine=my cat（名词性物主代词独立使用）；feed it中it指代the white cat。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：B　Our school is bigger than theirs（theirs=their school）；visit them中them指代their students。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：A　their修饰umbrella；yours=your umbrella（名词性物主代词）。 考点三 可数名词与不可数名词及量词搭配 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：C　milk是不可数名词，无复数；egg可数，two eggs用复数。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：B　否定句用any；表请求希望得到肯定回答的疑问句用some。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：C　vegetables可数复数；soft drink不可数（或作复数soft drinks，但此处强调"少喝软饮"泛指用单数）。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：B　butter不可数无复数；three pieces of bread（piece可数）。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：A　a few+可数复数apples；a little+不可数juice。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：B　some carrots可数复数；chocolate此处泛指不可数。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：A　Would you like...?表请求用some；a few+可数复数bottles。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：A　many+可数复数chickens；a lot of+可数复数eggs。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：A　a lot of+不可数advice；advice不可数用it指代。 考点四 指示代词 this/these/that/those 与身份询问 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：B　over there远处用that；回答用That。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：C　grandparents复数且说话人在现场（近处），用These。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：D　those指代远处的复数books；回答用they。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：A　电话用语This is...（我）；Is that...?（你）。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：D　that picture远处的单数；Those pictures远处的复数。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：C　they are回答Who are...?；The one in blue特指。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：C　that kind of那种（远处感）；this orange juice这种（近处）。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：A　neither this nor that既不这个也不那个。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：B　that pair of远处的那条；those ones那些（复数）。 考点五 一般现在时与第三人称单数变化 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：B　Zhou Kai是三单，gets/eats加s。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：B　mother三单goes；father三单drives。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：B　Lily三单plays；she三单likes。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：B　He三单does；plays。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：B　earth三单moves；it三单makes。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：C　Neither...nor...就近原则，brother三单watches；They复数spend。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：C　family此处视为整体（一家人）用lives；father三单works。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：C　Each of+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数has；Some复数like。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：A　who eat fast food定语从句中who指代people用复数eat；The number of作主语谓语用单数is。 考点六 方位介词与 There be 句型就近原则 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：B　There be就近原则，最近a book是单数，用is。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：C　in front of在…前面（外部前面）。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：B　between...and...在两者之间。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：A　milk不可数，isn't any；some用于表请求的疑问句。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：B　on the left固定搭配；opposite在…对面。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：B　就近原则，two bottles是复数，用are。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：C　under the chair在椅子下面。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：B　There is going to be将来时；students复数用are。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：B　activities复数用Are；any用于疑问句。 考点七 连词 and/but/because/so 的逻辑运用 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：B　likes biology与prefers physics是转折关系，用but。 ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：D　got up late导致missed the bus，因果关系用so。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：C　回答why提问用Because。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：C　or表示"否则"，用于警告句。 ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：C　because引导原因；But表示转折（她好 vs 她同桌更好）。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：B　Although虽然（不与but连用），表示让步。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：B　didn't pass但didn't give up，转折用but；决定study harder and get better，顺承用and。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：A　cheap and healthy并列；so表示结果（因此很多学生选择）。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：C　Although虽然（不与but连用）；and连接两个好处。 考点八 情态动词 can/can't 表能力与请求许可 【基础题】 ◇ 第1题 [基础] 答案：A　Can you...?肯定回答Yes, I can. ◇ 第2题 [基础] 答案：B　can表能力；can't表不能。 ◇ 第3题 [基础] 答案：C　Can I...?表请求许可。 ▷ 第4题 [提升] 答案：A　Can they...?肯定回答Yes, they can. ▷ 第5题 [提升] 答案：A　can表能力（能够做饭）。 ▷ 第6题 [提升] 答案：B　can't表禁止（校规不允许）。 ★ 第7题 [拓展] 答案：B　can表示能做什么；can表示能力。 ★ 第8题 [拓展] 答案：A　Neither of them作主语，谓语用单数；can表能力。 ★ 第9题 [拓展] 答案：B　can't表不应该（否定建议）；should表应该。 — 练习结束，请认真核对答案，查漏补缺 — — 第 页 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $