内容正文:
Unit 3 Smart Learning
BIG Question: What makes a good learner?
学习目标
1. talk about learning school subjects(谈论学习各学科)。
2. discuss ways of learning actively(讨论主动学习的方法)。
3. express opinions on learning strategies using object clauses(用宾语从句表达对学习策略的看法)。
4. explore how to become a better learner(探索如何成为更好的学习者)。
单元概览
单元主题
学习方法与策略(Smart Learning)
必备单词
Section A
active, learner, practise, dialogue, repeat, diary, method, strategy, ability, mindset, goal, action, challenge, summarize, connect, guidance, feedback, resource, technology, efficient
必备单词
Section B
successful, growth, believe, set, practice, coach, advice, challenge, material, internet, choose, wisely, lifetime, journey, speed, treasure, joy, talent, advantage, examination
高频短语
take things step by step, start simple, build up, come across, spend time doing, believe in oneself, have trouble doing, hang out with, take advantage of, lose heart
常考句型
I believe (that)...
I wonder if/whether...
I want to know if/whether...
The more..., the better...
语音知识
连读与弱读:辅音+元音连读(如 spend time → spen-dtime);助动词弱读(如 do you /dəjə/)
重点语法
宾语从句(Object Clauses):that 引导的宾语从句;if/whether 引导的宾语从句
主题写作
写关于你的阅读习惯的文章(Write about your reading habits)
Section A How do we learn?
【课文摘要】Section A 通过播客采访对话,讨论如何成为主动学习者(active learner)。宾宾分享了他的英语学习经验:花时间使用语言、与朋友用英语交流、重复电影对话、读英文书、用英语写日记等。语法重点为 that/if/whether 引导的宾语从句。
active adj. 积极的;主动的
【详解】an active learner 主动学习者;be active in... 在……方面积极;take an active part in 积极参加
【拓展】反义词:passive 被动的;actively adv. 积极地
◆ I think first you need to become an active learner.(我认为首先你需要成为一个主动的学习者。)
◆ She takes an active part in class discussions.(她积极参加课堂讨论。)
◆ Active learning is more effective than passive listening.(主动学习比被动听讲更有效。)
【词性变化】actively adv. 积极地 | activity n. 活动 | activate v. 激活 | activation n. 激活 | activist n. 活动家
practise v. 练习;实践
【详解】practise doing sth. 练习做某事(英式拼写,美式为 practice);practise sth. 练习某事
【辨析】practise(动词)vs practice(名词,美式也可作动词);后接动名词,不接不定式
◆ I practise English all the time.(我一直在练习英语。)
◆ She practises playing the piano every day.(她每天练习弹钢琴。)
◆ You need to spend time using the language, not just practising grammar.(你需要花时间使用语言,而不仅是练习语法。)
【词性变化】practice n. 练习;实践(美式) | practical adj. 实际的 | practically adv. 实际上 | impractical adj. 不切实际的
ability n. 能力;才能
【详解】have the ability to do sth. 有做某事的能力;show ability in... 在……方面展现才能
【拓展】课文原句:Everyone has the ability to learn.
◆ Everyone has the ability to learn.(每个人都有学习的能力。)
◆ She has the ability to solve complex problems.(她有能力解决复杂问题。)
◆ His musical ability was discovered at an early age.(他的音乐才能在很小的时候就被发现了。)
【词性变化】able adj. 能够的 | unable adj. 不能的 | enable v. 使能够 | disabled adj. 残疾的 | inability n. 无能
connect v. 连接;联系;关联
【详解】connect A with/to B 把 A 和 B 联系起来;connect... with... 将……与……连接
【拓展】课文原句:Peter finds that he can connect physics with something in real life.
◆ He can connect physics with something in real life.(他能将物理与现实生活中的事物联系起来。)
◆ The bridge connects the two cities.(这座桥连接了两座城市。)
◆ Try to connect what you learn with your own experience.(试着将所学与自己的经验联系起来。)
【词性变化】connection n. 联系;连接 | connected adj. 连接的 | disconnect v. 断开 | interconnected adj. 相互关联的
challenge n./v. n. 挑战 v. 向……挑战
【详解】作名词:face a challenge 面对挑战;take on a challenge 接受挑战;作动词:challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事
【拓展】课文原句:learning had many challenges
◆ Learning has many challenges, but you should never give up.(学习有许多挑战,但你绝不应放弃。)
◆ She took on the challenge of learning a new language.(她接受了学习一门新语言的挑战。)
◆ The exam challenged even the best students.(这次考试甚至挑战了最优秀的学生。)
【词性变化】challenging adj. 有挑战性的 | challenger n. 挑战者 | unchallenged adj. 未受挑战的
guidance n. 指导;引导
【详解】under sb.'s guidance 在某人指导下;give guidance on... 在……方面给予指导
【拓展】课文原句:it is also important to get guidance from a teacher or a coach
◆ It is important to get guidance from a teacher or a coach.(从老师或教练那里获得指导很重要。)
◆ She wrote the book under her professor's guidance.(她在教授的指导下写了这本书。)
◆ The app provides guidance on pronunciation for any word.(这个应用为任何单词提供发音指导。)
【词性变化】guide v. 引导 n. 指南 | guidebook n. 旅行指南 | guidance counselor 导师
summarize v. 总结;概述
【详解】summarize sth. for sb. 为某人总结某事;to summarize 总而言之
【拓展】课文原句:summarize the key points 总结要点
◆ He suggested that learners should read and take notes carefully, then summarize the key points.(他建议学习者应认真阅读做笔记,然后总结要点。)
◆ Please summarize the main idea of the passage in one sentence.(请用一句话总结这段文章的主旨。)
◆ To summarize, active learning is the key to success.(总而言之,主动学习是成功的关键。)
【词性变化】summary n. 总结 | summarization n. 概括 | summarizer n. 总结者
come across phr. 偶然遇到;发现
【详解】come across sb./sth. 偶然遇到某人/发现某物;不用于被动语态
【辨析】come across 偶然遇见;run into 偶然碰见(口语);encounter 遭遇(较正式)
◆ I started out at zero and came across problems.(我从零开始,遇到了各种问题。)
◆ She came across an old photo while cleaning her room.(她打扫房间时偶然发现了一张旧照片。)
◆ I came across this word in a book yesterday.(我昨天在一本书中碰到了这个词。)
【词性变化】come up with 想出 | come true 实现 | come about 发生 | come along 出现
Section B How can we get better at learning?
【课文摘要】Section B 阅读是一篇说明文,介绍了成为成功学习者的五个关键要素:拥有成长型思维(growth mindset)、注重练习(practice)、与认真的同学交往(learn from others)、善用学习材料(use materials wisely)、将学习视为终身习惯(lifetime habit)。
【阅读篇目】How to Become a Successful Learner(如何成为成功的学习者)
successful adj. 成功的;有成就的
【详解】be successful in doing sth. 在做某事方面成功;a successful learner 成功的学习者
【拓展】课文标题:How to Become a Successful Learner
◆ Anyone can become a successful learner.(任何人都能成为成功的学习者。)
◆ She was successful in passing the examination.(她成功通过了考试。)
◆ The key to successful learning is practice.(成功学习的关键是练习。)
【词性变化】success n. 成功 | succeed v. 成功 | successfully adv. 成功地 | unsuccessful adj. 不成功的
mindset n. 思维模式;心态
【详解】a growth mindset 成长型思维;a fixed mindset 固定型思维
【拓展】课文原句:the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset
◆ The first key is to have a growth mindset.(第一个关键是拥有成长型思维。)
◆ People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances to learn.(拥有成长型思维的人把错误视为学习的机会。)
◆ Changing your mindset can change your life.(改变你的思维模式可以改变你的人生。)
【词性变化】mind n. 头脑 v. 介意 | minded adj. 有……头脑的 | open-minded adj. 思想开明的
practice n./v. n. 练习;实践 v. 练习(美式)
【详解】作名词:practice makes perfect 熟能生巧;in practice 实际上;作动词(美式):practice doing sth.
【拓展】课文原句:The more we practise, the better we learn.
◆ The more we practise, the better we learn.(我们练习得越多,学得就越好。)
◆ Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧。)
◆ We learn best by practising new and difficult things.(我们通过练习新的和困难的事物来达到最佳学习效果。)
【词性变化】practical adj. 实际的 | practically adv. 几乎;实际上 | impractical adj. 不切实际的 | practicality n. 实用性
feedback n. 反馈;回应
【详解】give/provide feedback 给予反馈;receive feedback 收到反馈;positive/negative feedback 正面/负面反馈
【拓展】课文原句:give us important feedback and advice
◆ A coach can give us important feedback and advice.(教练能给我们重要的反馈和建议。)
◆ The teacher provided helpful feedback on our essays.(老师对我们的文章给予了有益的反馈。)
◆ I appreciate your feedback on my presentation.(我感谢你对我演讲的反馈。)
【词性变化】feed v. 喂养;供给 | feedback loop 反馈循环 | feed back v. 反馈(动词短语)
resource n. 资源;资料
【详解】learning resources 学习资源;natural resources 自然资源;resourceful adj. 资源丰富的;足智多谋的
【拓展】课文原句:using new technology and resources, not just textbooks
◆ Successful learners use the best learning materials and resources.(成功的学习者使用最好的学习材料和资源。)
◆ The internet is full of learning resources.(互联网充满了学习资源。)
◆ We should use our resources wisely.(我们应明智地利用资源。)
【词性变化】resourceful adj. 足智多谋的 | resourcefully adv. 机智地 | resources n. 资源(复数)
efficient adj. 高效的;有效率的
【详解】an efficient method 高效的方法;be efficient in/at... 在……方面高效
【拓展】课文原句:learn wisely and efficiently
◆ Take advantage of the best tools to learn wisely and efficiently.(善用最好的工具,明智高效地学习。)
◆ This is the most efficient way to memorize new words.(这是记忆新单词最有效的方法。)
◆ She is efficient in managing her time.(她在时间管理方面很高效。)
【词性变化】efficiency n. 效率 | efficiently adv. 高效地 | inefficient adj. 低效的 | inefficiency n. 低效
lifetime n./adj. n. 一生;终身 adj. 终身的
【详解】a lifetime habit 终身习惯;in one's lifetime 在某人一生中;a lifetime achievement 终身成就
【拓展】课文原句:see learning as part of daily life... even when they are old
◆ Successful learners see learning as a lifetime habit.(成功的学习者把学习视为终身习惯。)
◆ She achieved more in her lifetime than most people dream of.(她一生取得的成就超出了多数人的梦想。)
◆ Learning is a journey of a lifetime.(学习是一生的旅程。)
【词性变化】life n. 生命;生活 | lifelong adj. 终身的 | lifeless adj. 无生命的 | lively adj. 活泼的
take advantage of phr. 利用;善用
【详解】take advantage of sth. 利用某事物(中性);take full advantage of 充分利用
【辨析】take advantage of 强调利用有利条件;make use of 侧重使用;两者常可互换
◆ Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely.(善用最好的工具和资源来明智地学习。)
◆ You should take advantage of every chance to practise English.(你应该利用每一个机会练习英语。)
◆ She took full advantage of the library resources for her research.(她充分利用图书馆资源进行研究。)
【词性变化】advantage n. 优势 | advantageous adj. 有利的 | disadvantage n. 劣势 | disadvantageous adj. 不利的
重点辨析(高频考点)
辨析一:宾语从句 that vs. if/whether
引导词
用法
是否可省略
例句
that
引导陈述句作宾语从句
口语中常省略
I believe (that) reading is important.
if
引导一般疑问句作宾语从句
不可省略
I wonder if you could help me.
whether
引导一般疑问句作宾语从句(更正式)
不可省略
I want to know whether you read English books.
辨析二:if vs. whether 用法区别
区别点
if
whether
后接 or not
if...or not(不能直接连用)
whether or not(可以直接连用)✓
在介词后
不可用 ✗
可用 ✓(如 about whether...)
在 discuss 后
不可用 ✗
通常用 whether
引导条件状语从句
可用 ✓(如果)
不可用 ✗
辨析三:spend, cost, take, pay 表示"花费"
词
主语
结构
例句
spend
人
sb. spend(s) time/money doing/on sth.
I spent two hours reading the book.
cost
物
sth. cost(s) sb. money
The book cost me 50 yuan.
take
it
It takes sb. time to do sth.
It took me two hours to finish.
pay
人
sb. pay(s) money for sth.
I paid 50 yuan for the book.
随堂练习
一、选择题
1. I believe ____ reading is important for learning.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D. what
【答案】A 【解析】reading is important... 是陈述句,用 that 引导宾语从句,that 口语可省略。
2. I wonder ____ you could help me with my English.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. which
【答案】B 【解析】you could help me 是一般疑问句的变体,用 if/whether 引导。
3. Could you tell me ____ this sentence is correct?
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. where
【答案】B 【解析】is correct 需要判断是非,用 if/whether 引导宾语从句。
4. The more we ____, the better we learn.
A. practise
B. will practise
C. practised
D. practising
【答案】A 【解析】The more..., the better... 结构中用一般现在时,主语为 we,用 practise。
二、填空题
1. Jim doesn't know ____ he can take part in the research project or not.
【答案】whether 【解析】or not 前只能用 whether,不能用 if。
2. She spends a lot of time ____ (practise) English with friends.
【答案】practising 【解析】spend time doing sth. 固定搭配,用动名词 practising。
3. I want to know ____ you read English books outside class. (用 if 或 whether 填空)
【答案】if / whether 【解析】一般疑问句变宾语从句,if 和 whether 均可。
主题写作指导
【写作主题】写关于你的阅读习惯(Write about your reading habits)
【写作指导】1. 描述你目前的阅读习惯(读什么、多久读一次);2. 分析你的阅读方法是否有效;3. 用宾语从句表达看法(如 I believe that... / I wonder if...);4. 提出改进计划;5. 80-100 词。
参考范文
I believe that reading is one of the most important habits for learning. I usually read English books for thirty minutes every evening. I wonder if this is enough.
I find that reading aloud helps me remember new words better. However, I think I need to read more difficult materials. I wonder whether I should try reading English newspapers.
My plan is to read at least one English book every month. I believe that if I keep this habit, my English will improve a lot.
A book starts heavy and thick but becomes thinner as you understand it better.(书初读时厚重难懂,理解后便觉得越来越薄。——华罗庚)
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