内容正文:
Unit 6 Beyond Earth
BIG Question: What does it take to explore space?
学习目标
1. talk about space achievements(谈论太空成就)。
2. make predictions about space exploration using the passive voice(用被动语态对未来太空探索做出预测)。
3. describe your space dream(描述你的太空梦想)。
4. explore the meaning of and reasons for space exploration(探索太空探索的意义和原因)。
单元概览
单元主题
太空探索的成就与意义(Beyond Earth)
必备单词
Section A
explore, exploration, knowledge, geology, history, relationship, planet, technology, benefit, satellite, climate, resource, outer space, human being, far future, crazy, Mars
必备单词
Section B
object, furthest, spacecraft, launch, alien, board, record, light year, trillion, challenge, distance, journey, astronaut, period, health, safety, cooperate, dream, galaxy, photograph
高频短语
set foot on, fall asleep, in space, in case, in time, on board, run out of, make one's way, carry out, cooperate with
常考句型
sth. will be done by...(某事将被……完成)
Will sth. be done?(某事会被做吗?)
It is hoped that...(人们希望……)
语音知识
一般将来时被动语态的朗读:will be + 过去分词,重读过去分词表强调
重点语法
被动语态(Passive Voice):一般将来时的被动语态(will be + 过去分词)
主题写作
描述你的太空梦想(Describe your space dream)
Section A Why do we explore space?
【课文摘要】Section A 通过主持人采访太空科学家杨博士(Dr. Yang),讨论了探索太空的三个原因:增进对地球的认识(improve knowledge)、太空技术造福地球(benefit us on Earth)、未来可能找到新资源(find new resources)。语法重点为一般将来时的被动语态。
explore v. 探索;探险;考察
【详解】explore sth. 探索某物;explore the universe/the moon 探索宇宙/月球;explore possibilities 探索可能性
【拓展】课文原句:Why do we explore space?
◆ Why do we explore space?(我们为什么要探索太空?)
◆ Scientists are exploring the possibility of life on Mars.(科学家们正在探索火星上存在生命的可能性。)
◆ Children love to explore the world around them.(孩子们喜欢探索周围的世界。)
【词性变化】exploration n. 探索 | explorer n. 探险家 | exploratory adj. 勘探的 | exploratively adv. 探索地
benefit n./v. n. 益处;好处 v. 使受益;获益
【详解】作动词:benefit sb. 使某人受益;benefit from... 从……中获益;作名词:for the benefit of... 为了……的利益
【拓展】课文原句:technology developed for space can benefit us here on Earth
◆ Technology developed for space can benefit us here on Earth.(为太空开发的技术可以造福地球上的我们。)
◆ Many people benefit from the new technology.(许多人从新技术中获益。)
◆ The benefit of exercise is well known.(锻炼的好处是众所周知的。)
【词性变化】beneficial adj. 有益的 | beneficiary n. 受益者 | beneficially adv. 有益地
resource n. 资源;资料
【详解】natural resources 自然资源;human resources 人力资源;run out of resources 耗尽资源
【拓展】课文原句:we may find new resources in outer space
◆ We may find new resources in outer space.(我们可能在外太空找到新资源。)
◆ Our Earth may run out of resources one day.(地球有一天可能耗尽资源。)
◆ Water is our most precious natural resource.(水是我们最珍贵的自然资源。)
【词性变化】resourceful adj. 足智多谋的 | resourcefully adv. 机智地 | resources n. 资源(常用复数)
satellite n. 卫星;人造卫星
【详解】a man-made satellite 人造卫星;launch a satellite 发射卫星;satellite navigation 卫星导航
【拓展】课文原句:Some satellites help us deal with problems caused by climate change.
◆ Some satellites help us deal with problems caused by climate change.(一些卫星帮助我们应对气候变化引起的问题。)
◆ China has launched many satellites into space.(中国向太空发射了许多卫星。)
◆ The satellite provides data for weather forecasts.(这颗卫星为天气预报提供数据。)
【词性变化】satellite n. 卫星(无常用派生词)
cooperate v. 合作;协作
【详解】cooperate with sb. 与某人合作;cooperate in doing sth. 合作做某事;cooperate to do sth. 合作做某事
【拓展】课文原句:with nations and scientists cooperating with one another
◆ Nations and scientists are cooperating with one another.(国家和科学家们正在相互合作。)
◆ The two companies cooperate to develop new products.(两家公司合作开发新产品。)
◆ Students should learn to cooperate with each other.(学生应学会相互合作。)
【词性变化】cooperation n. 合作 | cooperative adj. 合作的 | cooperator n. 合作者 | uncooperative adj. 不合作的
set foot on phr. 踏上;涉足
【详解】set foot on sth. 踏上某地(正式用语);set foot in 进入某地
【拓展】课文原句:humans finally set foot on the moon's surface
◆ In 1969, humans finally set foot on the moon's surface.(1969年,人类终于踏上了月球表面。)
◆ She dreamed of setting foot on Mars one day.(她梦想有一天踏上火星。)
◆ No human has ever set foot on that island.(没有人曾经踏上过那座岛。)
【词性变化】foot n. 脚 | footprint n. 脚印 | footstep n. 脚步 | foothold n. 立足点
launch v./n. v. 发射;发起 n. 发射;launch
【详解】launch a rocket/satellite 发射火箭/卫星;launch a campaign 发起运动;a rocket launch 火箭发射
【拓展】课文原句:Chang'e 8 will be launched soon.
◆ Chang'e 8 will be launched soon.(嫦娥八号即将发射。)
◆ The spacecraft was launched in 1977.(这艘航天器于1977年发射。)
◆ The company launched a new product yesterday.(公司昨天推出了一款新产品。)
【词性变化】launcher n. 发射器 | launch pad 发射台 | launch vehicle 运载火箭
in case phr. 以防;万一
【详解】in case + 从句 以防……(从句用一般现在时表将来);in case of + 名词 万一发生……;just in case 以防万一
【拓展】课文原句:I'm going there early in case there are too many people.
◆ I'm going there early in case there are too many people.(我早点去,以防人太多。)
◆ Take an umbrella in case it rains.(带把伞以防下雨。)
◆ In case of emergency, call 119.(如遇紧急情况,请拨打119。)
【词性变化】in any case 无论如何 | in that case 既然那样 | in no case 决不
Section B How far can we go into space?
【课文摘要】Section B 阅读是一篇科普文章,讨论了人类能否有一天到达其他恒星。文章介绍了旅行者1号(Voyager 1)——飞离地球最远的人造物体,以及太空旅行面临的挑战(距离、时间、补给)。科学家认为,通过让宇航员冬眠或开发更快的航天器,星际旅行在未来有可能实现。
【阅读篇目】To the Stars and Beyond(飞向星辰与远方)
spacecraft n. 航天器;宇宙飞船
【详解】单复数同形;launch a spacecraft 发射航天器;unmanned spacecraft 无人航天器
【拓展】课文原句:This spacecraft was launched in 1977.
◆ This spacecraft was launched in 1977.(这艘航天器于1977年发射。)
◆ The spacecraft carried a special record with sounds from Earth.(航天器携带了一张特别的唱片,上面有来自地球的声音。)
◆ Several spacecraft have been sent to explore Mars.(已有多艘航天器被送往火星探索。)
【词性变化】space + craft 复合词 | spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 | spacesuit n. 宇航服 | spacewalk n. 太空行走
distance n. 距离;远处
【详解】a long distance 长距离;in the distance 在远处;keep one's distance 保持距离;a distance of... ……的距离
【拓展】课文原句:that is still a long way from Earth's nearest star
◆ Proxima Centauri is about 40 trillion kilometres in distance.(比邻星距离约40万亿公里。)
◆ We could see a mountain in the distance.(我们能看到远处的山。)
◆ The distance between the two cities is 200 kilometres.(两座城市之间的距离是200公里。)
【词性变化】distant adj. 遥远的 | distantly adv. 遥远地 | distance v. 疏远
challenge n./v. n. 挑战 v. 挑战
【详解】face a challenge 面对挑战;the challenge of... ……的挑战;challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事
【拓展】课文原句:The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger.
◆ The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for space flights with humans.(对于载人太空飞行,到达其他恒星的挑战更大。)
◆ She accepted the challenge of learning a new language.(她接受了学习一门新语言的挑战。)
◆ Space exploration is full of challenges.(太空探索充满挑战。)
【词性变化】challenging adj. 有挑战性的 | challenger n. 挑战者 | unchallenged adj. 未受挑战的
journey n. 旅程;旅行
【详解】a journey to... 去……的旅程;a long/short journey 长/短途旅行;go on a journey 去旅行
【拓展】课文原句:even a journey to Mars will take around six to nine months
◆ Even a journey to Mars will take around six to nine months.(即使去火星的旅程也需要大约六到九个月。)
◆ The journey from Earth to the moon takes about three days.(从地球到月球的旅程大约需要三天。)
◆ Life is a journey, not a destination.(人生是一段旅程,而非一个终点。)
【词性变化】journey v. 旅行 | journeyman n. 熟练工 | journeyer n. 旅行者
cooperate v. 合作;协作
【详解】cooperate with sb. (in/on sth.) 与某人合作(某事);cooperate to do sth. 合作做某事
【拓展】课文原句:with nations and scientists cooperating with one another, there is hope
◆ With nations cooperating with one another, there is hope.(各国相互合作,就有希望。)
◆ Scientists from different countries cooperate on space research.(来自不同国家的科学家合作进行太空研究。)
◆ We need to cooperate to solve this problem.(我们需要合作来解决这个问题。)
【词性变化】cooperation n. 合作 | cooperative adj. 合作的 | cooperator n. 合作者
imagine v. 想象;设想
【详解】imagine doing sth. 想象做某事;imagine that... 想象……;imagine sb. to be... 设想某人是……
【拓展】课文原句:further away than anyone imagined
◆ They are further away than anyone imagined.(它们比任何人想象的都要远。)
◆ Can you imagine living on Mars?(你能想象在火星上生活吗?)
◆ I imagine that space travel will become common one day.(我设想太空旅行有一天会变得寻常。)
【词性变化】imagination n. 想象力 | imaginative adj. 富有想象力的 | imaginary adj. 虚构的 | imaginable adj. 可想象的
likely adj./adv. 可能的(地)
【详解】be likely to do sth. 可能做某事;it is likely that... 很可能……;as likely as not 也许
【拓展】课文原句:it seems likely that one day we may reach the stars
◆ It seems likely that one day we may reach the stars.(似乎有一天我们可能到达其他恒星。)
◆ She is likely to win the competition.(她很可能赢得比赛。)
◆ It is likely that the rocket will be launched tomorrow.(火箭很可能明天发射。)
【词性变化】likelihood n. 可能性 | likeliness n. 可能性 | unlikely adj. 不太可能的 | liken v. 比拟
on board phr. 在船/飞机/航天器上
【详解】on board 在……上(交通工具);take sth. on board 携带某物上(交通工具);go on board 登上(交通工具)
【拓展】课文原句:a special record... is carried on board
◆ A special record with sounds and pictures is carried on board.(一张特别的唱片携带着声音和图片在航天器上。)
◆ There were 200 passengers on board the plane.(飞机上有200名乘客。)
◆ Welcome on board!(欢迎登机/船!)
【词性变化】board v. 登(车/船/飞机) | boarder n. 寄宿者 | boarding n. 登机 | boarding pass 登机牌
重点辨析(高频考点)
辨析一:被动语态(一般将来时)
结构
用法
例句
will be + 过去分词
描述将来被做的事情
New technology will soon be developed.
will be + 过去分词 + by...
强调动作的执行者
The rocket will be launched by the team.
Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?
一般疑问句
Will life be found on another planet?
will not be / won't be + 过去分词
否定形式
The trip will not be cancelled.
辨析二:主动语态 vs. 被动语态(一般将来时)
主动语态
被动语态
Scientists will position more satellites.
More satellites will be positioned by scientists.
They will cancel the trip.
The trip will be cancelled.
The magazine will publish an article.
An article will be published by the magazine.
Will the centre launch a rocket?
Will a rocket be launched by the centre?
辨析三:in case vs. if vs. unless
词/短语
含义
用法
例句
in case
以防;万一
后接从句,用一般现在时表将来
Take a map in case you get lost.
if
如果
引导条件状语从句
If it rains, we will stay home.
unless
除非;如果不
= if not,引导条件状语从句
We won't go unless it stops raining.
随堂练习
一、选择题
1. New technology ____ soon.
A. will develop
B. will be developed
C. is developed
D. was developed
【答案】B 【解析】soon 表将来,主语 technology 是 develop 的承受者,用 will be developed。
2. More satellites ____ in space by scientists.
A. will position
B. will be positioned
C. are positioned
D. were positioned
【答案】B 【解析】将来时被动语态 will be + 过去分词 positioned。
3. Will a new rocket ____ next month?
A. launch
B. be launched
C. launched
D. launching
【答案】B 【解析】疑问句被动语态:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词。
4. Take an umbrella ____ it rains.
A. if
B. in case
C. unless
D. because
【答案】B 【解析】in case 表示"以防",后接从句用一般现在时表将来。
二、填空题
1. International research stations ____ (build) on the moon and Mars in the future.
【答案】will be built 【解析】in the future 表将来,被动语态 will be built。
2. Chang'e 8 ____ (launch) soon.
【答案】will be launched 【解析】soon 表将来,被动语态 will be launched。
3. I'm going there early in case there ____ (be) too many people.
【答案】are 【解析】in case 从句用一般现在时表将来,主语 people 是复数,用 are。
主题写作指导
【写作主题】描述你的太空梦想(Describe your space dream)
【写作指导】1. 描述你的太空梦想是什么;2. 用一般将来时被动语态描述未来可能发生的事(如 A space station will be built...);3. 说明太空探索的意义;4. 80-100 词。
参考范文
My space dream is that one day a space station will be built on the moon. I believe there are many things we can learn from space exploration.
In the future, more satellites will be positioned in space to help us understand Earth better. New technology will be developed to make space travel easier. Maybe one day, humans will set foot on Mars!
I hope that nations will cooperate with one another to explore space. Space exploration is not just a dream—it is the key to our future.
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.(未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。——Eleanor Roosevelt)
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