第10周 原创2篇+精练10篇建筑考古专辑（北京为2029年“世界建筑之都”+宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒）2027届高考英语语法填空周周练

**基本信息** 以建筑考古主题为载体，整合语法填空训练与主题词汇积累，通过原创+精炼题组强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |原创语法填空|2篇（北京建筑之都/宁夏考古）|10空语法填空，含时态、非谓语等语法点|围绕时事与考古主题，融合语法应用与文化信息| |精炼语法填空|10篇（中外建筑/考古发现）|各地模拟题改编，考查冠词、代词等核心语法|按建筑文化→考古发现逻辑编排，覆盖高频考点| |词汇短语突破|每篇8-10个障碍词/短语|主题词汇分类（如“cultural heritage”“archaeologist”）|结合语篇语境提炼词汇，强化主题词汇网络| |变式训练|名词活用动词40例|完形高频考点，如“book”“map”等名词动用|从语法填空延伸至完形考点，构建跨题型知识联系|

2027届高考英语语法填空周周练 （解析版） 第10周 原创2篇+精练10篇建筑考古专辑 （北京确认为2029年“世界建筑之都”+跨越2300年！宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒） 目录 1.原创语法填空版块(两篇) P1 [北京确认为2029年“世界建筑之都”+跨越2300年！宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒] 2.语法填空精炼版块(十篇) P3 试卷第18页，共3页 试卷第1页，共10页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 [原创 01 北京 2029 世界建筑之都 原创 02 宁夏战国粮食酒考古 精炼 01 蒙特利尔中式园林 精炼 02 阿莫多建筑奖 精炼 03 北京中轴线桌游 精炼 04 上海查公馆（中西合璧建筑） 精炼 05 扬州钟书阁（网红建筑书店） 精炼 06 三星堆考古 精炼 07 浙江上山文化稻田遗址 精炼 08 云南东汉青铜鼓 精炼 09 南海明代沉船 海上丝路考古 精炼 10 青藏高原史前洞穴考古] 3.词汇短语突破版块(障碍词汇+障碍短语) P7 4.完形填空名词活用为动词40例 P10 原创板块 【原创1】北京确认为2029年“世界建筑之都” On August 5, UNESCO officially announced that Beijing has been designated(指定) 1 the UNESCO-UIA World Capital of Architecture 2029. This title marks new milestone for Beijing's urban development. The honor is based on the professional recommendation of the Joint Committee for the World Capital of Architecture Jointly 2 (establish) by UNESCO and the International Unionof Architects(UIA), the program runs on a three-year cycle. It 3 (select) the host city of the UIA World Congress every three years. It aims to highlight the transformative value of architecture, urban planning, cultural heritage in promoting global sustainable urban development. UNESCO gives high and 4 (comprehension) recognition to Beijing's advantages. The organization stresses that Beijing owns one of the world's most precious and diverse architectural heritages. 5 distinguishes the city most is 6 (it) unique forward-looking vision for balanced and sustainable urban development. Instead of choosing between heritage protection and modern renewal, Beijing 7 (successful) combines the two in its urban construction. UNESCO further explained that Beijing's historic urban fabric and systematic neighborhood regeneration projects have achieved remarkable results. They perfectly show how traditional heritage, modern innovation and daily community life can strengthen each other, 8 (help) build more resilient and livable urban spaces. Looking forward to the year 2029, the Director-General of UNESCO expressed high 9 (expectation) for Beijing. He believes that Beijing's rich architectural heritage and dynamic urban transformation will offer new ideas for global architectural communication 10 sustainable urban development. 【原创2】跨越2300年！宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒 Archaeologists have identified residues(残留物) of a 2,300-year-old grain-based alcoholic drink from the Warring States Period (475BC-221BC) in northwest China's Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, offering new insights 1 ancient Chinese brewing(酿酒) technology. The discovery 2 (make) at the Shanjiabao cemetery of the Qin State in Guyuan, 3 researchers found liquid preserved inside a bronze garlic-head-shaped pot. Through a combination of archaeological research and advanced scientific analysis, researchers confirmed that the 3,740 ml of liquid extracted from the vessel(器皿) was a grain-based alcoholic beverage(饮料) 4 (date) back to the Warring States Period. The bronze pot adopted a dual sealing structure lined with textile fabrics 5 coated with organic mud. The complicated sealing isolated external contaminants, allowing the ancient liquor 6 (survive) with minimal volatilization(挥发) for over 2000 years. A joint team consisting of researchers from two institutions carried out 7 (detail) tests. The analysis identified 24 categories of compounds, including organic acids and amino acids. 8 (far) examination showed Qin people had mastered fermentation (发酵) skills, making 9 possible to complete saccharification(糖化) and fermentation at the same time. The findings indicate that Qin people possessed advanced brewing skills at that time. This discovery provides valuable physical 10 (evident) to support studies on ancient Chinese fermentation technology. 精炼板块 【精炼01】（25-26高三上·广东云浮·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Montréal Botanical Garden (植物园) is a remarkable living museum that exhibits a rich variety of plants worldwide. The treasure of the city, founded in 1931, 1 (significant) features 10 exhibition greenhouses, some 20 themed gardens and 3 impressive cultural gardens. Among them, the Chinese Garden stands out 2 one of the most notable cultural gardens. The Chinese Garden is 3 classic Chinese garden designed in the tradition of the Ming Dynasty. 4 (cover) 2.5 hectares, the garden is a peaceful place with winding paths, ponds, and an artificial mountain 5 add a dramatic and scenic element to the landscape. At the heart of the garden, a distinctive building in traditional Chinese architectural style houses a collection of bonsai (盆栽) and penjing that 6 (donate) over the past years. The concept of the garden came from Le Weizhong, an architect and landscaper who, at the time of 7 (construct) during 1990-1991, was the director of the Shanghai Institute of Landscape Design and Architecture. Thousands of pieces of material 8 (need) to build the garden were sourced from Shanghai to Montréal. 50 Chinese workers assembled (组装) these components with great efforts, transforming the space into a 9 (harmony) environment that reflects the beauty and philosophy of traditional Chinese gardens. The Chinese Garden showcases the cultural exchange between Montréal and Shanghai. It’s also a destination for both nature lovers and cultural 10 (enthusiast) alike. 【精炼02】（25-26高二上·云南大理·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Ammodo Architecture Award has been awarded to 26 winners for their 1 (contribution) to socially and ecologically responsible design. The winners, 2 (select) from 168 submissions from over 60 countries, come from diverse backgrounds. Beyond recognition and financial support, the event also works as a knowledge platform, 3 (connect) winners across regions and motivating the exchange of ideas on key themes of the committee. The chosen projects, 4 are set in diverse urban and rural themes, address issues such as housing, education, and ecological restoration. Each project 5 (respond) to specific issues while advising new ways to strengthen communities, sustain ecosystems, and improve everyday life. The award not only provides much-needed funding 6 also creates a network for architects and designers worldwide. 7 (hopeful), this will encourage more innovative approaches to face global challenges. For many winners, the award is 8 opportunity to expand their impact and share their methods with a broader audience. Given the growing 9 (urgent) of climate change and social inequality, such initiatives are becoming increasingly important. 10 they demonstrate is that architecture can be a powerful tool for positive change. 【精炼03】（25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 To mark the first anniversary of Beijing’s Central Axis (中轴线) 1 (include) on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, Tencent News launched a strategic board game, thanks to 2 junior high school student’s idea. The game, Beijing’s Central Axis: The Architect, designed from an architect’s perspective, allows players to build historic structures along the axis using cards and other tools. Each card, 3 (represent) either a construction aid or a special event, weaves together historical knowledge with China’s unique architectural aesthetics (美学) and spatial philosophy. The creative mind behind the game is Yang Ziruo, a 14-year-old student from Beijing No. 35 High School, 4 innovative idea was selected through the Ideas program — an initiative that Tencent News launched in April to encourage young people 5 creative dreams to turn their concepts into reality. Ziruo’s fascination with the axis began when she was 5 during her first visit to its historic sites. Since then, she has developed a deep interest in 6 (it) history and culture, and even 7 (voluntary) worked as a child guide at several museums the following year. Inspired by the popular card game Legends of the Three Kingdoms, Ziruo proposed a board game centered on the axis. Her hope was 8 (engage) more young people in discovering and appreciating this cultural treasure through entertainment. Huang Chenxia, general manager of operations at Tencent News, emphasized the power of 9 (creative), expressing hope that the Ideas program will attract more talents to realize their dreams. The board game will be donated nationwide to multiple schools and rural institutions, where it can serve as an inspiring educational tool that 10 (combine) fun with meaningful cultural leaning. 【精炼04】（2025·江西南昌·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 98-year-old house in Jing’an District, Shanghai, an exceptional example of cultural blending (融合), opened to the public on Saturday after it was moved to its new location. The three-floor structure 1 (build) in the 1920s as a residence by two well-known masters in painting, at 412 Weihai Road. After eight years of repair, it has been restored to 2 it originally looked like a century ago. Its unique mix of Chinese and Western architectural styles made it stand out in local historic garden houses, said Zhang Ming, an official in charge of the project. 3 (feature) two towers with pinnacles (尖峰) on top, it looks similar to 4 European castle on the southern side. The entrance is in ancient Greek style. The whole structure combines the architectural style of southern China on the northern side and the Middle-Age Europe. “We managed to obtain the original drawings, furniture, and items to restore 5 (it) old look”, said Zhang, CEO of Shanghai Zhangming Architectural Design Firm. However, it was not easy to preserve the main structure which had been tested for a long time. “Our workers failed to keep the original layout and interior decorations.” She said. “Luckily, we took efforts 6 (find) similar materials and used various 7 (convention) skills to repair doors and windows.” Recently, the house, 8 (name) Cha House, has opened to the public in honor of its founder Cha Chi Ming, who was a successful businessman in Shanghai. Cha House, a symbol of cultural blending, means a lot more to us than simply appealing 9 those who appreciate architecture. It also represents modern cities like Shanghai and their 10 (open) and inclusiveness. 【精炼05】（24-25高三上·广西·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou, the books go on forever. Or, at least, that’s 1 it looks like, thanks to some incredible architecture. When you walk into Zhongshuge, you are surrounded on all sides 2 an infinite tunnel of books. The shelves are arranged in arc (弧形) shapes to create the tunnel-like appearance. The floor is covered with black mirrors, reflecting the shelves above and 3 (create) the illusion that the bookshelves continue down past the floor. The store’s design has more significance than just a fun illusion. The architectural studio 4 (call) X+Living wanted to show respect for the literary history of the city of Yangzhou. Yangzhou is full of canals and rivers, and many of China’s literary greats drew 5 (inspire) from the flowing water. Following this concept, therefore, the designers 6 (try) to create the feel of being immersed in a “river” of books. Once you’ve picked out a book from the seemingly infinite number, head into the 7 (equal) beautiful reading room. There the spacious and cozy places are waiting for you 8 (enjoy) reading. Zhongshuge has 9 amazing space for children’s books as well. The children’s section is inviting and colorful, with a ceiling full of tiny lights just like stars. The bookshelves 10 (shape) like houses, clouds, and even a hot air balloon. 【精炼06】（25-26高二下·山西·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization had things in common with the Maya civilization, even though they were from different 1 (place) and times. The Shu Kingdom existed at least 4,800 years ago while the Mayan civilization 2 (emerge) around 200 AD． Bronze (青铜) trees found at Sanxingdui are similar 3 the Ceiba tree in Maya culture, symbolizing the union of heaven (天), earth, and the underworld. Santos, a Mexican archaeologist, says this is a very important link between the two cultures. Sanxingdui is one of the most 4 (significance) archaeological (考古的) findings in 5 20th century. It reveals that the ancient Shu civilization had advanced technology. Even though the Shu and Maya were separated by time and space, they lived in areas with similar climates 6 used similar symbols to describe 7 (they) understanding of the world. One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology 8 (employ) by teams of Chinese archaeologists, making it possible 9 (unearth) delicate items like silk remains, 10 might have been missed with other digging methods. This approach is also important for Mexican archaeologists to preserve Mayan ruins. 【精炼07】（25-26高一下·福建厦门·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around 10,000 years ago, people in present-day West Asia began to domesticate (引种) wheat. Meanwhile, a similar 1 (develop) took place in China — people began to grow rice. For years, Shangshan Culture, 2 culture from more than 8,000 years ago in the middle and western part of East China’s Zhejiang Province, 3 (recognize) as a source of rice agriculture. A new discovery may provide insights into the Shangshan people’s rice domestication. Recently remains of settlements with a moat (壕沟) were unearthed on the Huangchaodun Site 4 (date) back 9,300 to 8,000 years in Quzhou, Zhejiang. More importantly, an area to the east of the settlements is possibly the 5 (early) rice field ever discovered The site has a rice field as well as two platforms 6 (surround) with a moat and, with the smaller platform in the north, the larger one in the south 7 the field to the east of these platforms, the layout is like a pear. To the west of the site, scholars found an ancient waterway, and they also discovered an area to the west of the site 8 a large amount of wild rice seemed to have grown. This means the local environment was suitable 9 the natural growing of rice, which was why people were motivated 10 (settle) in this place. 【精炼08】（25-26高二下·河南新乡·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A bronze drum dating to the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220) has been unearthed by a farmer in Weixin county, Southwest China’s Yunnan Province. The relic was likely used as an important ritual (仪式) object, 1 (offer) new insights into ancient religious practices and bronze casting techniques in the region, according to the local Cultural Relics Management Department. The discovery 2 (make) in Wenxing village, while a local villager was working in the fields two months ago. While plowing the land, he noticed a buried object beneath the soil. Authorities were soon notified, prompting 3 investigation by local cultural heritage officials. Experts from the Yunnan institute of 4 (culture) relics and archaeology later conducted a comprehensive assessment and identified the artifact as a bronze drum 5 the Eastern Han Dynasty. The drum is relatively 6 (good) preserved and features distinct structural characteristics. 7 (craft) entirely of cast bronze, it has a drumhead diameter of about 58.5 centimeters, a body diameter of 65 centimeters and a total 8 (high) of 29 centimeters. It weighs roughly 15 kilograms. At the center of the drumhead is a 12-pointed sun motif, 9 is surrounded by bands of short linear patterns along the edge. Four sculpted toads are evenly spaced around the drumhead’s rim, each about 7 centimeters long. Two pairs of flat strap-like handles were symmetrically attached to the waist of the drum. Each handle 10 (measure) about 17 centimeters long, 5 centimeters wide and is decorated with rope-like patterns and small square perforations. 【精炼09】（25-26高二下·浙江温州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Thursday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing revealed that archaeologists had discovered two sunken ships 1 (hide) in the depths of the South China Sea. This discovery, 2 turn, offered tangible evidence of commercial and cultural exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological 3 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology has significantly uncovered important artifacts. In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, 4 (unearth) by now, most of which were made in kiln in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” The precise locations of the shipwrecks 5 the associated determination (相关的评定) were achieved through the use of oceanographic technology and cultural relics 6 (investigation). These involved manned submersibles (潜水器), 7 conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, a researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck, 8 (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has yielded 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed from Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No.2 shipwreck dates to 9 rule of Emperor Hongzhi for measurement. The two shipwrecks measure 37 meters and 21 meters in length, 10 (respective). A total of 36 artifacts have been found on the No.2 shipwreck, porcelain and pottery included. 【精炼10】（2026·湖北黄冈·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, known as the “roof of the world” or the world’s third pole, 1 (populate) since 50,000 years ago, rather than 40,000 years as previously known, according to the latest archaeological (考古学的) study of a prehistoric cave site. 2 (uncover) this history, archaeologists from the Xizang Regional Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) have carried out six years of 3 (dig) at the Melong Tagphug cave site in Ngari Prefecture, southwest China's Xizang Autonomous Region. Archaeologists have unearthed more than 10,000 pieces of cultural items, including stone, bone, pottery, bronze artifacts, 4 plant remains dating from the Paleolithic Age to the early Metal Ages in an area of over 1,000 square meters of the cave, 5 is located on a highland 4,700 meters above the sea level. Zhang Xiaoling from the IVPP said the 6 (old) cultural remains in the cave are dated earlier than 53,000 years ago, with some 7 (potential) dating back to 80,000 years ago. The top layer was dated 1,000 years ago. There are rock paintings of straight lines and human figures 8 (paint) in red ochre (赭石) inside the cave. According to the study, the cave had been deserted due to climatic factors or cave collapses, 9 locals settled there again in the later period. Multi-period cultural remains were discovered in the cave, which provide important pieces of evidence of ancient humans exploring 10 (survive) abilities in the extreme environment, showing their migration (迁徙) patterns and social organization forms. 词汇版块 原创 1 北京 2029 世界建筑之都 （一）障碍单词 milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/n. 里程碑 establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/v. 设立，创立 cycle /ˈsaɪkl/n. 周期 transformative /trænsˈfɔːmətɪv/adj. 变革性的 comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/adj. 全面的 balanced adj. 均衡的 resilient /rɪˈzɪliənt/adj. 有韧性的 livable adj. 宜居的 （二）障碍短语 cultural heritage 文化遗产 forward-looking vision 前瞻性视野 be designated as 被授予…… 称号 a three-year cycle 三年周期 give comprehensive recognition to给予全面认可 achieve remarkable results 取得显著成效 heritage protection 遗产保护 urban fabric 城市肌理 neighborhood regeneration 社区更新 dynamic urban transformation 活力城市更新 原创 2 宁夏战国粮食酒考古 （一）障碍单词 archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/n. 考古学家 residue /ˈrezɪdjuː/n. 残留物 grain-based adj. 谷物制的 alcoholic drink 酒 insight /ˈɪnsaɪt/n. 见解，线索 cemetery /ˈsemətri/n. 墓地 bronze /brɒnz/n. 青铜 extract /ɪkˈstrækt/v. 提取 vessel /ˈvesl/n. 器皿 beverage /ˈbevərɪdʒ/n. 饮品 textile fabrics 织物 organic mud 有机泥 contaminant /kənˈtæmɪnənt/n. 污染物 volatilization /vəˌlætɪlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 挥发 compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/n. 化合物 fermentation /ˌfɜːmenˈteɪʃn/n. 发酵 saccharification /səˌkærɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 糖化 physical evidence 实物证据 （二）障碍短语 Warring States Period 战国时期 autonomous region 自治区 garlic-head-shaped pot 蒜头壶 organic acid 有机酸 amino acid 氨基酸 dual sealing structure 双层密封结构 offer new insights into 为……提供新线索 date back to 追溯到 isolate external contaminants 隔绝外界污染物 minimal volatilization 极少挥发 carry out detailed tests 开展细致检测 精炼 01 蒙特利尔中式园林 （一）障碍单词 remarkable adj. 出众的 greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/n. 温室 classic adj. 经典的 bonsai /ˈbɒnsaɪ/n. 盆景 landscaper /ˈlændskeɪpə(r)/n. 景观设计师 component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/n. 构件 harmony /ˈhɑːməni/n. 和谐 （二）障碍短语 botanical garden 植物园 themed garden 主题园林 artificial mountain 假山 stand out as 作为……脱颖而出 winding paths 曲径 architectural style 建筑风格 精炼 02 阿莫多建筑奖 （一）障碍单词 submission /səbˈmɪʃn/n. 申报作品 ecological restoration 生态修复 ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/n. 生态系统 initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/n. 举措 inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/n. 不平等 （二）障碍短语 diverse backgrounds 多元背景 address issues 解决问题 global challenges 全球难题 精炼 03 北京中轴线桌游 （一）障碍单词 anniversary /ˌænɪˈvɜːsəri/n. 周年 strategic board game 策略桌游 perspective /pəˈspektɪv/n. 视角 spatial philosophy 空间哲学 initiative n. 创意项目 fascination /ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn/n. 热爱，痴迷 （二）障碍短语 World Heritage List 世界遗产名录 turn concepts into reality 将想法落地 精炼 04 上海查公馆（中西合璧建筑） （一）障碍单词 residence /ˈrezɪdəns/n. 宅邸 pinnacle /ˈpɪnəkl/n. 尖顶 layout /ˈleɪaʊt/n. 布局 interior decoration 内饰 conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/adj. 传统的 inclusiveness /ɪnˈkluːsɪvnəs/n. 包容性 （二）障碍短语 cultural blending 文化融合 restore to original look 复原原貌 appeal to 吸引 精炼 05 扬州钟书阁（网红建筑书店） （一）障碍单词 infinite /ˈɪnfɪnət/adj. 无尽的 illusion /ɪˈluːʒn/n. 视觉错觉 canal /kəˈnæl/n. 运河 immerse /ɪˈmɜːs/v. 沉浸 cozy /ˈkəʊzi/adj. 舒适的 （二）障碍短语 draw inspiration from 从……汲取灵感 seemingly infinite 看似无边无际 精炼 06 三星堆考古 （一）障碍单词 ruin /ˈruːɪn/n. 遗址 significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/n. 意义 cross-subject 跨学科的 delicate /ˈdelɪkət/adj. 精细的 unearth /ʌnˈɜːθ/v. 发掘 （二）障碍短语 bronze tree 青铜神树 silk remains 丝绸遗存 have things in common 存在共通之处 separated by time and space 跨越时空 make it possible to unearth 让发掘成为可能 精炼 07 浙江上山文化稻田遗址 （一）障碍单词 domesticate /dəˈmestɪkeɪt/v. 驯化（作物） moat /məʊt/n. 壕沟 settlement /ˈsetlmənt/n. 聚落 layout /ˈleɪaʊt/n. 布局 （二）障碍短语 date back 追溯到 be suitable for 适合…… be motivated to settle 选择定居 精炼 08 云南东汉青铜鼓 （一）障碍单词 ritual /ˈrɪtʃuəl/adj. 仪式的 comprehensive assessment 全面鉴定 motif /məʊˈtiːf/n. 纹饰 symmetrically /sɪˈmetrɪkli/adv. 对称地 perforation /ˌpɜːfəˈreɪʃn/n. 孔洞 （二）障碍短语 bronze casting techniques 青铜铸造工艺 structural characteristics 形制特征 精炼 09 南海明代沉船 海上丝路考古 （一）障碍单词 sunken ship 沉船 tangible evidence 实物证据 pottery /ˈpɒtəri/n. 陶器 porcelain /ˈpɔːsəlɪn/n. 瓷器 submersible /səbˈmɜːsəbl/n. 潜水器 （二）障碍短语 oceanographic technology 海洋探测技术 Maritime Silk Road 海上丝绸之路 cultural relics investigation 文物勘查 yield artifacts 出土文物 精炼 10 青藏高原史前洞穴考古 （一）障碍单词 prehistoric /ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk/adj. 史前的 plateau /ˈplætəʊ/n. 高原 rock painting 岩画 ochre /ˈəʊkə(r)/n. 赭石 migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/n. 迁徙 （二）障碍短语 vertebrate paleontology 古脊椎动物学 climatic factors 气候因素 survival abilities 生存能力 social organization 社会组织 试卷第11页，共10页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 变式板块 完形填空名词活用动词40例 1. She booked a table at the riverside restaurant for dinner. 2. They mapped out a plan to finish the project ahead of time. 3. He phoned his teammate to confirm the meeting time. 4. She emailed the application form to the company’s HR department. 5. The student penciled notes in the margin of his textbook. 6. The cook knifed the meat into small cubes for the stew. 7. He forked some salad onto his plate and started eating. 8. She fingered the delicate fabric of the dress carefully. 9. He shouldered the heavy backpack and set off for the hike. 10. All the team members backed her choice to change the strategy. 11. We headed for the train station as soon as we packed our bags. 12. They footed the final stretch of the road when the bus didn’t arrive. 13. The manager eyed the latecomer with a questioning expression. 14. He mouthed “good luck” to his sister before her performance. 15. She handed the gift to her friend with a warm smile. 16. The guards were armed with riot shields to maintain order. 17. We have to face the fact that the task is more difficult than expected. 18. Many residents voiced their concerns about the new construction. 19. She lipped a silent greeting to her neighbor across the street. 20. She brushed her hair gently before attending the meeting. 21. He combed through the report to find the hidden mistake. 22. They nailed the wooden board to the frame to fix it firmly. 23. She taped the broken page of the book to keep it intact. 24. He pocketed the receipt and left the supermarket quickly. 25. He penned a thank-you note to his mentor after receiving valuable help. 26. She hammered the loose nail into the wooden shelf to make it stable. 27. They roped the camping gear tightly to the roof of the car before the trip. 28. He spooned some honey into his tea to sweeten it a little. 29. The rescuers laddered up the cliff to reach the injured hiker. 30. He chained his bike to the street rail before entering the café. 31. The nurse bandaged the patient’s cut finger to stop the bleeding. 32. She masked her anxiety with a calm expression during the interview. 33. The fishermen netted a basket of fresh shrimp by the riverbank. 34. He hooked his backpack onto the chair to keep it from falling. 35. She stuck a photo of her family on the office desk. 36. They bottled the homemade jam and gave it to friends as gifts. 37. My mom canned the fresh tomatoes from the garden for winter. 38. She shelled the peanuts and put them into a bowl for guests. 39. He padded the box with bubble wrap to protect the fragile item. 40. The cat nosed out the mouse hiding behind the cabinet. $ 2027届高考英语语法填空周周练 （解析版） 第10周 原创2篇+精练10篇建筑考古专辑 （北京确认为2029年“世界建筑之都”+跨越2300年！宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒） 目录 1.原创语法填空版块(两篇) P1 [北京确认为2029年“世界建筑之都”+跨越2300年！宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒] 2.语法填空精炼版块(十篇) P4 试卷第18页，共3页 试卷第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 [原创 01 北京 2029 世界建筑之都 原创 02 宁夏战国粮食酒考古 精炼 01 蒙特利尔中式园林 精炼 02 阿莫多建筑奖 精炼 03 北京中轴线桌游 精炼 04 上海查公馆（中西合璧建筑） 精炼 05 扬州钟书阁（网红建筑书店） 精炼 06 三星堆考古 精炼 07 浙江上山文化稻田遗址 精炼 08 云南东汉青铜鼓 精炼 09 南海明代沉船 海上丝路考古 精炼 10 青藏高原史前洞穴考古] 3.词汇短语突破版块(障碍词汇+障碍短语) P16 4.完形填空名词活用为动词40例 P18 原创板块 【原创1】北京确认为2029年“世界建筑之都” On August 5, UNESCO officially announced that Beijing has been designated(指定) 1 the UNESCO-UIA World Capital of Architecture 2029. This title marks new milestone for Beijing's urban development. The honor is based on the professional recommendation of the Joint Committee for the World Capital of Architecture Jointly 2 (establish) by UNESCO and the International Unionof Architects(UIA), the program runs on a three-year cycle. It 3 (select) the host city of the UIA World Congress every three years. It aims to highlight the transformative value of architecture, urban planning, cultural heritage in promoting global sustainable urban development. UNESCO gives high and 4 (comprehension) recognition to Beijing's advantages. The organization stresses that Beijing owns one of the world's most precious and diverse architectural heritages. 5 distinguishes the city most is 6 (it) unique forward-looking vision for balanced and sustainable urban development. Instead of choosing between heritage protection and modern renewal, Beijing 7 (successful) combines the two in its urban construction. UNESCO further explained that Beijing's historic urban fabric and systematic neighborhood regeneration projects have achieved remarkable results. They perfectly show how traditional heritage, modern innovation and daily community life can strengthen each other, 8 (help) build more resilient and livable urban spaces. Looking forward to the year 2029, the Director-General of UNESCO expressed high 9 (expectation) for Beijing. He believes that Beijing's rich architectural heritage and dynamic urban transformation will offer new ideas for global architectural communication 10 sustainable urban development. 【答案】1. as 2. established 3. selects 4. comprehensive 5. What 6. its 7. successfully 8. helping 9. expectations 10. and 【导读】8月5日，联合国教科文组织正式宣布，北京已被定为2029年联合国教科文组织—国际建筑师协会世界建筑之都。这份荣誉是基于世界建筑之都联合委员会的专业推荐授予的。 【解析】 1. 考查介词。句意：8月5日，联合国教科文组织正式宣布，北京已被定为2029年联合国教科文组织—国际建筑师协会世界建筑之都。结合语境这里应用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。 2. 考查非谓语。句意：由联合国教科文组织和国际建筑师协会（UIA）共同设立，该项目以三年周期运行。结合语境这里应用过去分词短语作状语，被动含义。故填established。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：它每三年选出国际建筑师协会世界大会的主办城市。结合语境every three years表示周期性发生，应用一般现在时。故填selects。 4. 考查形容词。句意：联合国教科文组织给予北京的优势高度且全面的认可。结合语境这里应用形容词comprehensive表示“综合性的，全面的”。故填comprehensive。 5. 考查名词性从句。句意：这座城市最与众不同之处是其针对均衡、可持续城市发展独有的前瞻性视野。结合语境这里应用What引导主语从句，且作主语。故填What。 6. 考查代词。句意：同上。结合语境这里应用形容词作定语。故填its。 7. 考查副词。句意：不在遗产保护与现代化更新之间二选一，北京在城市建设中成功将二者结合。结合语境这里修饰动词应用副词。故填successfully。 8. 考查非谓语。句意：它们完美展示传统遗产、现代创新和社区日常生活如何能够互相助力，助力打造更有韧性、更宜居的城市空间。结合语境这里应用现在分词短语作结果状语，主动行为。故填helping。 9. 考查名词复数。句意：展望2029年，联合国教科文组织总干事对北京表达了很高的期待。结合语境这里应用名词复数概念。故填expectations。 10. 考查并列句。句意：他认为，北京丰富的建筑遗产与充满活力的城市转型，将为全球建筑交流和可持续城市发展提供新思路。结合语境这里and连接并列句。故填and。 【原创2】跨越2300年！宁夏出土战国时期粮食酒 Archaeologists have identified residues(残留物) of a 2,300-year-old grain-based alcoholic drink from the Warring States Period (475BC-221BC) in northwest China's Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, offering new insights 1 ancient Chinese brewing(酿酒) technology. The discovery 2 (make) at the Shanjiabao cemetery of the Qin State in Guyuan, 3 researchers found liquid preserved inside a bronze garlic-head-shaped pot. Through a combination of archaeological research and advanced scientific analysis, researchers confirmed that the 3,740 ml of liquid extracted from the vessel(器皿) was a grain-based alcoholic beverage(饮料) 4 (date) back to the Warring States Period. The bronze pot adopted a dual sealing structure lined with textile fabrics 5 coated with organic mud. The complicated sealing isolated external contaminants, allowing the ancient liquor 6 (survive) with minimal volatilization(挥发) for over 2000 years. A joint team consisting of researchers from two institutions carried out 7 (detail) tests. The analysis identified 24 categories of compounds, including organic acids and amino acids. 8 (far) examination showed Qin people had mastered fermentation (发酵) skills, making 9 possible to complete saccharification(糖化) and fermentation at the same time. The findings indicate that Qin people possessed advanced brewing skills at that time. This discovery provides valuable physical 10 (evident) to support studies on ancient Chinese fermentation technology. 【答案】1. into 2. was made 3. where 4. dating 5. and 6. to survive 7. detailed 8. Further 9. it 10. evidence 【导读】近日，宁夏固原善家堡战国秦人墓地考古取得重要成果。考古人员在一座墓葬出土的青铜蒜头壶内提取出3740毫升古代液体。经科学检测证实，这是距今约2300年战国时期秦国的粮食酒。青铜壶依靠织物与泥浆双层密封结构，令古酒得以长久保存，也是目前公开报道中保存状况最佳的战国液态酒精遗存。该发现填补宁夏战国酿酒考古研究空白，实证战国秦人成熟的谷物酿酒技艺，为探究先秦农业、饮食文化与手工业发展提供珍贵实物资料。 【解析】 1.考查介词。句意：考古学家在中国宁夏回族自治区发现了距今2300年战国时期谷物酒残留物，为研究中国古代酿酒工艺提供了新线索。结合语境这里考查固定搭配an insight into....对……深入了解。故填into。 2.考查动词时态语态。句意：该发现出土于固原秦国善家堡墓地。结合语境这里考查谓语动词；同时又是被动含义。故填was made。 3.考查定语从句。句意：该发现出土于固原秦国善家堡墓地，研究人员在一件青铜蒜头壶内部发现了保存下来的液体。结合语境这里考查非限制性定语从句，充当从句的地点状语。故填where。 4.考查非谓语。句意：研究人员证实，从这件器物中提取出的3740毫升液体，是战国时期的谷物发酵酒。结合语境这里应用非谓语；date back to表示“追溯到”，作谓语无被动；作非谓语，只能用-ing形式。故填dating。 5.考查并列句。句意：件青铜壶采用双重密封结构，内侧衬有织物，并涂抹有机泥。结合语境这里应用and连接并列名词。故填and。 6.考查非谓语。句意：这套精巧的密封隔绝了外界污染物，让这坛古酒历经两千余年，挥发量极少，得以保存至今。结合语境这里考查allow sb to do sth.句型。故填to survive。 7.考查形容词。句意：由两家机构科研人员组成的联合团队开展了细致检测。结合语境这里应用形容词作定语。detailed详细的。故填detailed。 8.考查形容词比较级。句意：进一步研究表明，秦国人已经掌握发酵工艺，能够同步完成糖化与发酵两道工序。结合语境这里指程度上“更进一步”，应用further。故填Further。 9.考查代词。句意：同上。结合语境这里考查make it possible to do....，意为“使得有可能做某事”，it是形式宾语；不定式是真正表语。故填it。 10.考查名词。句意：这一发现为研究中国古代发酵技术提供了珍贵实物证据。结合语境这里需要名词作宾语。evidence证据故填evidence。 精炼板块 【精炼01】（25-26高三上·广东云浮·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Montréal Botanical Garden (植物园) is a remarkable living museum that exhibits a rich variety of plants worldwide. The treasure of the city, founded in 1931, 1 (significant) features 10 exhibition greenhouses, some 20 themed gardens and 3 impressive cultural gardens. Among them, the Chinese Garden stands out 2 one of the most notable cultural gardens. The Chinese Garden is 3 classic Chinese garden designed in the tradition of the Ming Dynasty. 4 (cover) 2.5 hectares, the garden is a peaceful place with winding paths, ponds, and an artificial mountain 5 add a dramatic and scenic element to the landscape. At the heart of the garden, a distinctive building in traditional Chinese architectural style houses a collection of bonsai (盆栽) and penjing that 6 (donate) over the past years. The concept of the garden came from Le Weizhong, an architect and landscaper who, at the time of 7 (construct) during 1990-1991, was the director of the Shanghai Institute of Landscape Design and Architecture. Thousands of pieces of material 8 (need) to build the garden were sourced from Shanghai to Montréal. 50 Chinese workers assembled (组装) these components with great efforts, transforming the space into a 9 (harmony) environment that reflects the beauty and philosophy of traditional Chinese gardens. The Chinese Garden showcases the cultural exchange between Montréal and Shanghai. It’s also a destination for both nature lovers and cultural 10 (enthusiast) alike. 【答案】 1．significantly 2．as 3．a 4．Covering 5．that/which 6．have been donated 7．construction 8．needed 9．harmonious 10．enthusiasts 【导语】本文主要介绍了加拿大蒙特利尔植物园中的中国园。它是一个以明朝风格设计的典型中国园林，展现了蒙特利尔与上海之间的文化交流。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：这座城市的瑰宝始建于1931年，其显著特点是拥有10个展览温室、约20个主题花园和3个令人印象深刻的文化花园。空处修饰动词features，应用副词形式作状语；significant的副词形式为significantly，意为“显著地，尤其”。 2．考查介词。句意：其中，中国园林是最著名的文化园林之一。stand out as...为固定搭配，意为“作为……显得突出”。 3．考查冠词。句意：中国园林是一座按照明代传统设计的经典中式园林。garden为可数名词，此处泛指“一座经典的中式园林”，且classic发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座花园占地2.5公顷，小径蜿蜒、池塘点缀，还有一座假山，为景观增添了如画般的壮丽元素。句中已有is，且无连词，故此处应用非谓语动词；cover与逻辑主语the garden之间为主动关系，应用现在分词covering作状语，句首单词首字母大写。 5．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为an artificial mountain，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。 6．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在花园的中心，一座具有中国传统建筑风格的独特建筑内收藏了过去几年捐赠的一批盆景。that引导定语从句，指代先行词a collection of bonsai and penjing（集合名词，视为复数概念），与donate之间为被动关系；再根据时间状语over the past years可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，即have been donated。 7．考查名词。句意：这座花园的概念来自建筑师和园艺师乐伟忠，他在1990年至1991年的施工期间是上海园林设计研究院院长。空处用于介词of之后，应用名词形式construction，意为“建设，施工”，作宾语。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：建造花园所需的成千上万份材料都是从上海运到蒙特利尔的。句中已有谓语were sourced，且无连词，故此处应用非谓语动词；material与need之间为被动关系，应用过去分词needed作后置定语。 9．考查形容词。句意：50名中国工人付出了巨大努力组装这些构件，将这个空间转变成了一个反映中国传统园林之美与哲学思想的和谐环境。空处修饰名词environment，应用形容词harmonious，意为“和谐的”，作定语。 10．考查名词复数。句意：对于自然爱好者和文化爱好者来说，这里也是一个共同的目的地。and连接并列成分，根据前面的lovers可知，enthusiast也应用复数形式，以保持结构对称。 【精炼02】（25-26高二上·云南大理·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Ammodo Architecture Award has been awarded to 26 winners for their 1 (contribution) to socially and ecologically responsible design. The winners, 2 (select) from 168 submissions from over 60 countries, come from diverse backgrounds. Beyond recognition and financial support, the event also works as a knowledge platform, 3 (connect) winners across regions and motivating the exchange of ideas on key themes of the committee. The chosen projects, 4 are set in diverse urban and rural themes, address issues such as housing, education, and ecological restoration. Each project 5 (respond) to specific issues while advising new ways to strengthen communities, sustain ecosystems, and improve everyday life. The award not only provides much-needed funding 6 also creates a network for architects and designers worldwide. 7 (hopeful), this will encourage more innovative approaches to face global challenges. For many winners, the award is 8 opportunity to expand their impact and share their methods with a broader audience. Given the growing 9 (urgent) of climate change and social inequality, such initiatives are becoming increasingly important. 10 they demonstrate is that architecture can be a powerful tool for positive change. 【答案】 1．contributions 2．selected 3．connecting 4．which 5．responds 6．but 7．Hopefully 8．an 9．urgency 10．What 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了阿莫多建筑奖的颁奖情况、奖项的核心价值与意义。 【详解】1．考查名词复数。句意：阿莫多建筑奖已颁给 26 位获奖者，以表彰他们为兼具社会与生态责任的设计所作出的贡献。contribution是可数名词，根据空前的26 winners可知，此处应用复数形式。故填contributions。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些获奖者从来自 60 多个国家的 168 份申报作品中脱颖而出，背景各不相同。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语winners和select之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填selected。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了荣誉认可与资金支持外，该赛事还充当着知识平台的角色，联结各地的获奖者，推动围绕组委会核心主题的思想交流。空处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the event和connect之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填connecting。 4．考查定语从句。句意：入选的项目依托多样的城市与乡村背景展开设计，着手解决住房、教育以及生态修复等问题。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词projects，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。 5．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每个项目都针对具体问题提出解决方案，同时探索强化社区联结、维护生态系统、改善日常生活的新路径。空处作谓语，描述一个客观的事实，使用一般现在时，主语Each project是单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填responds。 6．考查连词。句意：该奖项不仅提供了急需的资金支持，还为全球的建筑师和设计师搭建了交流网络。not only...but also...是固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 7．考查副词。句意：我们希望，这能鼓励更多创新方法来应对全球挑战。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式作状语，hopefully意为“有希望地”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Hopefully。 8．考查冠词。句意：对于许多获奖者而言，这个奖项是一次扩大自身影响力、向更广泛受众分享其设计方法的机会。opportunity是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且opportunity是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 9．考查名词。句意：鉴于气候变化和社会不平等问题的紧迫性日益加剧，这类倡议的重要性愈发凸显。空处应填名词形式作growing的宾语，urgency不可数名词。故填urgency。 10．考查主语从句。句意：这些项目所展现的一点是，建筑可以成为推动积极变革的强大工具。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少demonstrate的宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 【精炼03】（25-26高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 To mark the first anniversary of Beijing’s Central Axis (中轴线) 1 (include) on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, Tencent News launched a strategic board game, thanks to 2 junior high school student’s idea. The game, Beijing’s Central Axis: The Architect, designed from an architect’s perspective, allows players to build historic structures along the axis using cards and other tools. Each card, 3 (represent) either a construction aid or a special event, weaves together historical knowledge with China’s unique architectural aesthetics (美学) and spatial philosophy. The creative mind behind the game is Yang Ziruo, a 14-year-old student from Beijing No. 35 High School, 4 innovative idea was selected through the Ideas program — an initiative that Tencent News launched in April to encourage young people 5 creative dreams to turn their concepts into reality. Ziruo’s fascination with the axis began when she was 5 during her first visit to its historic sites. Since then, she has developed a deep interest in 6 (it) history and culture, and even 7 (voluntary) worked as a child guide at several museums the following year. Inspired by the popular card game Legends of the Three Kingdoms, Ziruo proposed a board game centered on the axis. Her hope was 8 (engage) more young people in discovering and appreciating this cultural treasure through entertainment. Huang Chenxia, general manager of operations at Tencent News, emphasized the power of 9 (creative), expressing hope that the Ideas program will attract more talents to realize their dreams. The board game will be donated nationwide to multiple schools and rural institutions, where it can serve as an inspiring educational tool that 10 (combine) fun with meaningful cultural leaning. 【答案】 1．being included 2．a 3．representing 4．whose 5．with 6．its 7．voluntarily 8．to engage 9．creativity 10．combines 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了纪念北京中轴线被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录一周年，腾讯新闻推出了一款战略棋盘游戏，这款游戏背后的创意是来自北京第35中学的14岁学生杨自若。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了纪念北京中轴线被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录一周年，腾讯新闻推出了一款战略棋盘游戏，这要感谢一位初中生的想法。此处是动名词的复合结构作介词宾语，且include和Beijing’s Central Axis之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动式，故填being included。 2．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处泛指“一位初中生”，使用不定冠词，junior发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：每张卡片，要么代表一个建筑辅助工具，要么代表一个特殊的事件，将历史知识与中国独特的建筑美学和空间哲学编织在一起。represent和card之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填representing。 4．考查定语从句。句意：这款游戏背后的创意是来自北京第35中学的14岁学生杨自若，他的创新想法通过“想法秀”被选中，“想法秀”是腾讯新闻今年4月推出的一项倡议，旨在鼓励有创意梦想的年轻人把自己的想法变成现实。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是student，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。 5．考查介词。句意：同上。此处指“具有创意梦想的年轻人”，使用介词with，故填with。 6．考查代词。句意：从那以后，她对它的历史和文化产生了浓厚的兴趣，甚至在第二年自愿在几家博物馆担任儿童导游。空处修饰并列的名词history and culture，应填形容词性物主代词，故填its。 7．考查副词。句意：同上。空处修饰动词worked，应填副词作状语，故填voluntarily。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望通过娱乐让更多的年轻人发现和欣赏这一文化瑰宝。空处应填动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，故填to encourage。 9．考查名词。句意：腾讯新闻运营总经理黄晨霞强调了创造力的力量，并表示希望创意计划将吸引更多的人才来实现他们的梦想。空处应填名词作of的宾语，creativity为不可数名词，故填creativity。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这款棋盘游戏将捐赠给全国多所学校和农村机构，在那里它可以作为一种鼓舞人心的教育工具，将乐趣与有意义的文化学习结合起来。结合句意及can可知描述事实，使用一般现在时，主语it表示单数意义，谓语动词使用单数，故填combines。 【精炼04】（2025·江西南昌·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 98-year-old house in Jing’an District, Shanghai, an exceptional example of cultural blending (融合), opened to the public on Saturday after it was moved to its new location. The three-floor structure 1 (build) in the 1920s as a residence by two well-known masters in painting, at 412 Weihai Road. After eight years of repair, it has been restored to 2 it originally looked like a century ago. Its unique mix of Chinese and Western architectural styles made it stand out in local historic garden houses, said Zhang Ming, an official in charge of the project. 3 (feature) two towers with pinnacles (尖峰) on top, it looks similar to 4 European castle on the southern side. The entrance is in ancient Greek style. The whole structure combines the architectural style of southern China on the northern side and the Middle-Age Europe. “We managed to obtain the original drawings, furniture, and items to restore 5 (it) old look”, said Zhang, CEO of Shanghai Zhangming Architectural Design Firm. However, it was not easy to preserve the main structure which had been tested for a long time. “Our workers failed to keep the original layout and interior decorations.” She said. “Luckily, we took efforts 6 (find) similar materials and used various 7 (convention) skills to repair doors and windows.” Recently, the house, 8 (name) Cha House, has opened to the public in honor of its founder Cha Chi Ming, who was a successful businessman in Shanghai. Cha House, a symbol of cultural blending, means a lot more to us than simply appealing 9 those who appreciate architecture. It also represents modern cities like Shanghai and their 10 (open) and inclusiveness. 【答案】 1．was built 2．what 3．Featuring 4．a 5．its 6．to find 7．conventional 8．named 9．to 10．openness 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一座位于上海静安区的98年历史建筑——“查公馆”（Cha House）经过修复后重新对公众开放的故事。这座建筑是中西文化融合的典范，其独特的建筑风格和修复过程体现了上海这座现代化城市的历史底蕴与包容性。 【详解】1．考查时态和语态。句意：这座三层建筑建于20世纪20年代，是两位著名画家的住所。句子主语是“the three-floor structure”，与“build”之间是被动关系，且根据“in the 1920s”可知，句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：经过八年修复，它已经恢复到了它最初的样子。空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“looked like”的宾语，表示“……的样子”，因此应填“what”。故填what。 3．考查现在分词作状语。句意：有两个带尖顶的塔楼，它看起来像南边的欧洲城堡。句子主语是“it”，与“feature”之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Featuring。 4．考查冠词。句意同上。“European castle”是可数名词单数形式，根据句意表示泛指，European以元音音素开头，因此需要在前面加不定冠词“a”。故填a。 5．考查代词。句意：“我们设法获得了原始图纸、家具和物品来恢复它的旧貌。”空格处需要一个形容词性物主代词，修饰“old look”，根据上下文可知，这里指代的是“Cha House”的旧貌，因此应填形容词性物主代词“its”。故填its。 6．考查不定式作宾语。句意：“幸运的是，我们努力找到了类似的材料，并使用各种传统技能来修复门窗。”“take efforts to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“努力去做某事”，因此空格处应填“to find”。故填to find。 7．考查形容词。句意：我们努力找到了类似的材料，并使用各种传统技能来修复门窗。空格处需要一个形容词修饰“skills”，表示“传统的”，因此应填“conventional”。故填conventional。 8．考查过去分词作定语。句意：最近，这座房子以它的创始人查济民的名字命名为“查公馆”。“name”与“Cha House”之间是被动关系，因此使用过去分词作定语。故填named。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：对我们来说，Cha House是文化融合的象征，不仅仅是吸引那些欣赏建筑的人。“appeal to sb.”是固定搭配，意为“对某人有吸引力”，因此空格处应填“to”。故填to。 10．考查名词。句意：它还代表了像上海这样的现代城市及其开放性和包容性。空格处需要一个名词，与“inclusiveness”并列，表示“开放性”，因此应填“openness”作宾语。故填openness。 【精炼05】（24-25高三上·广西·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At Zhongshuge, a bookstore and library in Yangzhou, the books go on forever. Or, at least, that’s 1 it looks like, thanks to some incredible architecture. When you walk into Zhongshuge, you are surrounded on all sides 2 an infinite tunnel of books. The shelves are arranged in arc (弧形) shapes to create the tunnel-like appearance. The floor is covered with black mirrors, reflecting the shelves above and 3 (create) the illusion that the bookshelves continue down past the floor. The store’s design has more significance than just a fun illusion. The architectural studio 4 (call) X+Living wanted to show respect for the literary history of the city of Yangzhou. Yangzhou is full of canals and rivers, and many of China’s literary greats drew 5 (inspire) from the flowing water. Following this concept, therefore, the designers 6 (try) to create the feel of being immersed in a “river” of books. Once you’ve picked out a book from the seemingly infinite number, head into the 7 (equal) beautiful reading room. There the spacious and cozy places are waiting for you 8 (enjoy) reading. Zhongshuge has 9 amazing space for children’s books as well. The children’s section is inviting and colorful, with a ceiling full of tiny lights just like stars. The bookshelves 10 (shape) like houses, clouds, and even a hot air balloon. 【答案】 1．what 2．by/with 3．creating 4．called 5．inspiration 6．tried 7．equally 8．to enjoy 9．an 10．are shaped 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了钟书阁的建筑特色，设计理念及舒适的阅读区。 1．考查名词性从句。句意：或者，至少，这就是它的样子，多亏了一些令人难以置信的建筑。位于系动词之后，此处引导表语从句，且从句缺少like的宾语，应用what引导表语从句，表示“……的样子”。故填what。 2．考查介词。句意：当你走进钟书阁时，你会被四周无限的书籍隧道所包围。此处为固定短语be surrounded by/with，意为“被……所包围”。故填by/with。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：地板上覆盖着黑色的镜子，反射出上面的书架，创造出书架一直延伸到地板上的错觉。句中已有谓语动词is covered，所以空处应填非谓语动词，create与主语the floor之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作伴随状语，与“reflecting the shelves above”并列。故填creating。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：名为X+Living的建筑工作室想要表达对扬州文学历史的尊重。本句中已有谓语动词wanted，所以空处应填非谓语动词，call与主语The architectural studio为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填called。 5．考查名词。句意：扬州到处都是运河和河流，许多中国文学巨匠都从这里的流水中汲取灵感。此处应用名词作动词drew的宾语，inspire的名词为inspiration意为“灵感”为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 6．考查动词的时态。句意：因此，遵循这一概念，设计师试图创造一种沉浸在书籍“河流”中的感觉。此处为句子的谓语，根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填tried。 7．考查副词。句意：一旦你从看似无穷无尽的书中挑选了一本书，就走进同样美丽的阅览室。由句意，此处应用副词修饰形容词beautiful，equal的副词equally意为“同样地”符合句意。故填equally。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：那些宽敞又舒适的地方正等着你来享受阅读。本句中已有谓语动词are waiting，此处应用非谓语动词形式，由句意，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to enjoy。 9．考查冠词。句意：钟书阁也有一个令人惊叹的儿童阅读区。结合句意，space表泛指，此处应用不定冠词，且amazing是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 10．考查动词的时态、语态与主谓一致。句意：书架的形状像房子、云，甚至像热气球。空处是句子谓语，根据语境可知，此处描述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语The bookshelves与动词shape(塑造)之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数，be动词应用are。故填are shaped。 【精炼06】（25-26高二下·山西·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization had things in common with the Maya civilization, even though they were from different 1 (place) and times. The Shu Kingdom existed at least 4,800 years ago while the Mayan civilization 2 (emerge) around 200 AD． Bronze (青铜) trees found at Sanxingdui are similar 3 the Ceiba tree in Maya culture, symbolizing the union of heaven (天), earth, and the underworld. Santos, a Mexican archaeologist, says this is a very important link between the two cultures. Sanxingdui is one of the most 4 (significance) archaeological (考古的) findings in 5 20th century. It reveals that the ancient Shu civilization had advanced technology. Even though the Shu and Maya were separated by time and space, they lived in areas with similar climates 6 used similar symbols to describe 7 (they) understanding of the world. One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology 8 (employ) by teams of Chinese archaeologists, making it possible 9 (unearth) delicate items like silk remains, 10 might have been missed with other digging methods. This approach is also important for Mexican archaeologists to preserve Mayan ruins. 【答案】 1．places 2．emerged 3．to 4．significant 5．the 6．and 7．their 8．employed 9．to unearth 10．which 【导语】文章主要讲述三星堆与玛雅文明虽时空迥异，却在象征符号、气候环境及考古技术上呈现出诸多惊人共性。 【详解】1．考查名词复数。句意：中国西南的三星堆遗址表明，古蜀文明与玛雅文明虽有地域和时代的不同，却存在共通之处。根据空前形容词different可知，空处需用可数名词place的复数形式places，表示“不同的地方”。 2．考查动词时态。句意：古蜀国至少在4800年前就已存在，而玛雅文明则大约出现于公元200年。根据时间状语around 200 AD可知，本句描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故谓语动词emerge“出现”变为emerged。 3．考查介词。句意：三星堆出土的青铜神树与玛雅文化中的木棉树相似，象征着天、地、冥界的结合。固定搭配be similar to...意为“与……相似”，故空处填介词to。 4．考查形容词。句意：三星堆是20世纪最重要的考古发现之一。根据空前the most及空后名词archaeological findings可知，空处需用significance的形容词形式significant“意义重大的”，构成“one of the most+形容词+名词复数”结构。 5．考查冠词。句意：三星堆是20世纪最重要的考古发现之一。空后20th century为序数词加名词结构，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。 6．考查连词。句意：尽管古蜀人与玛雅人时空相隔，但他们生活在气候相似的地区，并使用相似的象征符号来描述他们对世界的理解。空处连接lived与used两个并列谓语动词，表示顺承关系，故用连词and。 7．考查代词。句意：尽管古蜀人与玛雅人时空相隔，但他们生活在气候相似的地区，并使用相似的象征符号来描述他们对世界的理解。空处修饰名词understanding，需用they的形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的理解”。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：近期三星堆发现的显著特征之一是中国考古团队采用的跨学科协作与技术手段。句中已有谓语动词was，employ“采用”与其逻辑主语technology之间为被动关系，故用过去分词employed构成过去分词短语作后置定语。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这使得出土丝绸残留物等精细文物成为可能，若采用其他挖掘方法可能会遗漏这些文物。固定句型make it possible to do sth.意为“使做某事成为可能”，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to unearth。 10．考查定语从句。句意：这使得出土丝绸残留物等精细文物成为可能，若采用其他挖掘方法可能会遗漏这些文物。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词delicate items，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。 【精炼07】（25-26高一下·福建厦门·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around 10,000 years ago, people in present-day West Asia began to domesticate (引种) wheat. Meanwhile, a similar 1 (develop) took place in China — people began to grow rice. For years, Shangshan Culture, 2 culture from more than 8,000 years ago in the middle and western part of East China’s Zhejiang Province, 3 (recognize) as a source of rice agriculture. A new discovery may provide insights into the Shangshan people’s rice domestication. Recently remains of settlements with a moat (壕沟) were unearthed on the Huangchaodun Site 4 (date) back 9,300 to 8,000 years in Quzhou, Zhejiang. More importantly, an area to the east of the settlements is possibly the 5 (early) rice field ever discovered The site has a rice field as well as two platforms 6 (surround) with a moat and, with the smaller platform in the north, the larger one in the south 7 the field to the east of these platforms, the layout is like a pear. To the west of the site, scholars found an ancient waterway, and they also discovered an area to the west of the site 8 a large amount of wild rice seemed to have grown. This means the local environment was suitable 9 the natural growing of rice, which was why people were motivated 10 (settle) in this place. 【答案】 1．development 2．a 3．has been recognized 4．dating 5．earliest 6．surrounded 7．and 8．where 9．for 10．to settle 【导语】文章主要讲述了浙江衢州上山文化遗址发现距今约9300至000年的世界最早稻田及相关聚落布局。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：与此同时，中国也发生了类似的发展——人们开始种植水稻。根据空前形容词similar可知，空处需用名词development作主语。 2．考查冠词。句意：多年来，来自中国东部浙江省中西部、距今8000多年的上山文化被认为是一种稻作农业的起源。此处泛指“一种文化”，且culture发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：同上。recognize(承认)是句子的谓语动词，与主语Shangshan Culture之间是被动关系，根据时间状语For years可知，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是专有名词，谓语用单数形式has been recognized。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，在浙江衢州发现了带有壕沟的聚落遗迹，其年代可追溯到9300年至8000年前。此处为非谓语作定语，the Huangchaodun Site与date back为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：更重要的是，聚落东边的一个区域可能是迄今为止发现的最早的稻田。根据空前的the及语境可知，此处表示“最早的”，应用最高级earliest。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址有一片稻田和两座被壕沟环绕的平台，较小的平台在北侧，较大的在南侧，稻田位于这些平台的东侧，整体布局像一个梨。空处为非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语platforms与surround之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。 7．考查连词。句意：同上。“the smaller platform”，“the larger one”和“the field to the east of these platforms”为并列的三个名词短语，需用连词and连接。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在遗址西侧，学者们发现了一条古代水道，还在遗址西边发现了一片似乎曾大量生长野生水稻的区域。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为area，且关系词在从句作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。 9．考查介词。句意：这意味着当地环境适合水稻自然生长，这也是人们选择在此定居的原因。固定搭配be suitable for表示“适合……”。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。固定搭配be motivated to do sth.表示“被激励去做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语。 【精炼08】（25-26高二下·河南新乡·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A bronze drum dating to the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220) has been unearthed by a farmer in Weixin county, Southwest China’s Yunnan Province. The relic was likely used as an important ritual (仪式) object, 1 (offer) new insights into ancient religious practices and bronze casting techniques in the region, according to the local Cultural Relics Management Department. The discovery 2 (make) in Wenxing village, while a local villager was working in the fields two months ago. While plowing the land, he noticed a buried object beneath the soil. Authorities were soon notified, prompting 3 investigation by local cultural heritage officials. Experts from the Yunnan institute of 4 (culture) relics and archaeology later conducted a comprehensive assessment and identified the artifact as a bronze drum 5 the Eastern Han Dynasty. The drum is relatively 6 (good) preserved and features distinct structural characteristics. 7 (craft) entirely of cast bronze, it has a drumhead diameter of about 58.5 centimeters, a body diameter of 65 centimeters and a total 8 (high) of 29 centimeters. It weighs roughly 15 kilograms. At the center of the drumhead is a 12-pointed sun motif, 9 is surrounded by bands of short linear patterns along the edge. Four sculpted toads are evenly spaced around the drumhead’s rim, each about 7 centimeters long. Two pairs of flat strap-like handles were symmetrically attached to the waist of the drum. Each handle 10 (measure) about 17 centimeters long, 5 centimeters wide and is decorated with rope-like patterns and small square perforations. 【答案】 1．offering 2．was made 3．an 4．cultural 5．from 6．well 7．Crafted 8．height 9．which 10．measures 【导语】文章主要介绍云南威信出土东汉铜鼓，包括铜鼓外观、尺寸与考古价值。 【详解91．考查非谓语动词。句意：据当地文物管理部门介绍，该文物很可能曾被用作重要的礼器，这为研究该地区的古代宗教习俗与青铜铸造技艺提供了全新视角。主语the relic和offer是主动关系，用现在分词，作状语，表自然而然的结果。 2．考查动词语态。句意：两个月前一位村民在田里劳作时，这件文物在文兴村被发现。主语The discovery和make是被动关系，根据时间状语two months ago可知 ，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用was made。 3．考查冠词。句意：有关部门很快接到通知，当地文物工作人员随即展开了一次勘查。此处表示泛指“一次勘查”，且investigation是以元音音素开头单词，用冠词an。 4．考查形容词。句意：云南省文物考古研究所的专家后续开展全面鉴定，确定这件器物为东汉铜鼓。修饰名词relics需用形容词cultural，作定语。 5．考查介词。句意：云南省文物考古研究所的专家后续开展全面鉴定，确定这件器物为东汉铜鼓。本空表示“来自”，用介词from构成介词短语。 6．考查副词。句意：这面铜鼓保存状态较好，拥有鲜明的形制特点。修饰动词preserved，用副词well，作状语。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：它完全由铸铜制成，鼓面直径约58.5厘米，鼓身直径65厘米，总高29厘米。主语it（指代铜鼓）与craft是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，置于句首首字母大写。 8．考查名词。句意：它完全由铸铜制成，鼓面直径约58.5厘米，鼓身直径65厘米，总高29厘米。本空作宾语，不定冠词a后用名词height。 9．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：鼓面中心是十二芒太阳纹，边缘环绕多圈短线纹饰。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词sun motif指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。 10．考查时态。句意：每个柄长约17厘米，宽约5厘米，并装饰有绳纹图案和小方孔。本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语each handle是单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式measures。 【精炼09】（25-26高二下·浙江温州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Thursday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing revealed that archaeologists had discovered two sunken ships 1 (hide) in the depths of the South China Sea. This discovery, 2 turn, offered tangible evidence of commercial and cultural exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological 3 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology has significantly uncovered important artifacts. In addition to the shipwrecks, a variety of artifacts, including pottery, porcelain and ironware, 4 (unearth) by now, most of which were made in kiln in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital.” The precise locations of the shipwrecks 5 the associated determination (相关的评定) were achieved through the use of oceanographic technology and cultural relics 6 (investigation). These involved manned submersibles (潜水器), 7 conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, a researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No.1 shipwreck, 8 (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has yielded 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed from Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No.2 shipwreck dates to 9 rule of Emperor Hongzhi for measurement. The two shipwrecks measure 37 meters and 21 meters in length, 10 (respective). A total of 36 artifacts have been found on the No.2 shipwreck, porcelain and pottery included. 【答案】 1．hidden 2．in 3．exploration 4．have been unearthed 5．and 6．investigations 7．which 8．measuring 9．the 10．respectively 【导语】国家文物局公布南海发现两艘古代沉船，水下考古发掘大量景德镇瓷器等文物。借助潜水器与海洋技术确定沉船位置，两艘明代沉船印证古代海上丝绸之路商贸文化交流。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：周四，北京国家文化遗产管理局透露，考古学家在南海深处发现了两艘沉船。此处hide与ships构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 2．考查介词。句意：这一发现反过来为古代海上丝绸之路沿线的商业与文化交流提供了确凿证据。短语in turn表示“反过来”。 3．考查名词。句意：国家考古中心最近开展的水下考古勘探工作，已发现了一批重要的文物。作主语，用名词exploration。 4．考查时态语态。句意：除了沉船外，还出土了各种文物，包括陶器、瓷器和铁器，其中大多数产自江西省景德镇窑，该地素有“中国瓷都”的美誉。主语a variety of artifacts与谓语构成被动关系，结合by now可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。 5．考查连词。句意：通过运用海洋技术及文物调查，准确确定了沉船的具体位置及相关评定结果。连接并列主语 the precise locations 和 the associated determination，表并列用and。 6．考查名词的数。句意：通过运用海洋技术及文物调查，准确确定了沉船的具体位置及相关评定结果。此处数量大于一用复数形式。 7．考查定语从句。句意：本次探测动用了多台载人潜水器，全年累计完成 41 次下潜作业，国家考古中心研究员宋建忠证实了这一点。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词manned submersibles，用关系代词which，在从句作主语。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：明代首艘沉船长37米，宽11米，出土文物543件，推测该船从福建或广东驶往马六甲等东南亚贸易中心。此处measure为现在分词作后置定语，表主动，沉船尺寸长达 37 米。 9．考查冠词。句意：第二艘沉船的年代可追溯至弘治皇帝统治时期。the rule of Emperor Hongzhi 特指弘治皇帝的统治时期，加定冠词 the。 10．考查副词。句意：两处沉船长度分别为37米和21米。此处用副词作状语，意为 “分别地”，对应两艘沉船各自的长度。 【精炼10】（2026·湖北黄冈·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, known as the “roof of the world” or the world’s third pole, 1 (populate) since 50,000 years ago, rather than 40,000 years as previously known, according to the latest archaeological (考古学的) study of a prehistoric cave site. 2 (uncover) this history, archaeologists from the Xizang Regional Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) have carried out six years of 3 (dig) at the Melong Tagphug cave site in Ngari Prefecture, southwest China's Xizang Autonomous Region. Archaeologists have unearthed more than 10,000 pieces of cultural items, including stone, bone, pottery, bronze artifacts, 4 plant remains dating from the Paleolithic Age to the early Metal Ages in an area of over 1,000 square meters of the cave, 5 is located on a highland 4,700 meters above the sea level. Zhang Xiaoling from the IVPP said the 6 (old) cultural remains in the cave are dated earlier than 53,000 years ago, with some 7 (potential) dating back to 80,000 years ago. The top layer was dated 1,000 years ago. There are rock paintings of straight lines and human figures 8 (paint) in red ochre (赭石) inside the cave. According to the study, the cave had been deserted due to climatic factors or cave collapses, 9 locals settled there again in the later period. Multi-period cultural remains were discovered in the cave, which provide important pieces of evidence of ancient humans exploring 10 (survive) abilities in the extreme environment, showing their migration (迁徙) patterns and social organization forms. 【答案】 1．has been populated 2．To uncover 3．digging 4．and 5．which 6．oldest 7．potentially 8．painted 9．before 10．survival 【导语】文章主要介绍最新考古研究发现青藏高原地区人类居住史可追溯至5万年前及相关考古成果。 【详解】1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意 ：青藏高原地区，被称为“世界屋脊”或世界第三极，根据对一个史前洞穴遗址的最新考古研究，自5万年前就有人居住，而不是之前所知的4万年前。此空为谓语动词，主语The area为单数，与populate之间为被动关系，且时间状语since 50,000 years ago表示从过去持续至今，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态has been populated。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意 ：为了揭开这段历史，西藏地区文物保护研究所和古脊椎动物与古人类研究所的考古学家在中国西南部西藏自治区阿里地区的梅洛塔普格洞穴遗址进行了为期六年的挖掘。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式to uncover作目的状语，表示“为了……”，且句首时首字母应大写。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意 为了揭开这段历史，西藏地区文物保护研究所和古脊椎动物与古人类研究所的考古学家在中国西南部西藏自治区阿里地区的梅洛塔普格洞穴遗址进行了为期六年的挖掘。介词of后需接动名词作宾语，dig的动名词形式为digging，意为“挖掘”。 4．考查连词。句意 ：考古学家在洞穴内1000多平方米的区域内，出土了1万多件文化遗物，包括石器、骨器、陶器、青铜器以及旧石器时代至早期金属时代的植物遗骸，该洞穴位于海拔4700米的高原上。分析句子结构可知，此处列举多项并列成分时，最后一项前用并列连词and连接。 5．考查定语从句。句意 ：考古学家在洞穴内1000多平方米的区域内，出土了1万多件文化遗物，包括石器、骨器、陶器、青铜器以及旧石器时代至早期金属时代的植物遗骸，该洞穴位于海拔4700米的高原上。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the cave，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词用which引导。 6．考查形容词最高级。句意：中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所的张晓凌表示，洞穴中最古老的文化遗物可追溯到5.3万年前，其中一些可能可追溯到8万年前。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词remains，根据句意以及空前的the可知，此处表示“最古老的”，应用形容词最高级，old的最高级为oldest。 7．中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所的张晓凌表示，洞穴中最古老的文化遗物可追溯到5.3万年前，其中一些可能可追溯到8万年前。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词dating，potential的副词形式为potentially，意为“可能”，符合句意。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意 ：洞穴内部有用红色赭石绘制的直线和人物岩画。此处为非谓语，paint与rock paintings之间为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词painted作后置定语。 9．考查连词。句意：研究表明，由于气候因素或洞穴坍塌，该洞穴曾一度被废弃，后来当地人又重新在此定居。此处为连词引导的状语从句，根据语境可知，“洞穴曾一度被废弃”发生在“当地人又重新在此定居”之前，所以用before引导时间状语从句。 10．考查名词。句意：洞穴中发现了多时期的文化遗物，为研究古代人类在极端环境中探索生存能力提供了重要证据，展示了他们的迁徙模式和社会组织形式。此处应用名词作定语修饰abilities，survive的名词形式为survival，survival abilities表示“生存能力”。 词汇版块 原创 1 北京 2029 世界建筑之都 （一）障碍单词 milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/n. 里程碑 establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/v. 设立，创立 cycle /ˈsaɪkl/n. 周期 transformative /trænsˈfɔːmətɪv/adj. 变革性的 comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/adj. 全面的 balanced adj. 均衡的 resilient /rɪˈzɪliənt/adj. 有韧性的 livable adj. 宜居的 （二）障碍短语 cultural heritage 文化遗产 forward-looking vision 前瞻性视野 be designated as 被授予…… 称号 a three-year cycle 三年周期 give comprehensive recognition to 给予全面认可 achieve remarkable results 取得显著成效 heritage protection 遗产保护 urban fabric 城市肌理 neighborhood regeneration 社区更新 dynamic urban transformation 活力城市更新 原创 2 宁夏战国粮食酒考古 （一）障碍单词 archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/n. 考古学家 residue /ˈrezɪdjuː/n. 残留物 grain-based adj. 谷物制的 alcoholic drink 酒 insight /ˈɪnsaɪt/n. 见解，线索 cemetery /ˈsemətri/n. 墓地 bronze /brɒnz/n. 青铜 extract /ɪkˈstrækt/v. 提取 vessel /ˈvesl/n. 器皿 beverage /ˈbevərɪdʒ/n. 饮品 textile fabrics 织物 organic mud 有机泥 contaminant /kənˈtæmɪnənt/n. 污染物 volatilization /vəˌlætɪlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 挥发 compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/n. 化合物 fermentation /ˌfɜːmenˈteɪʃn/n. 发酵 saccharification /səˌkærɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 糖化 physical evidence 实物证据 （二）障碍短语 Warring States Period 战国时期 autonomous region 自治区 garlic-head-shaped pot 蒜头壶 organic acid 有机酸 amino acid 氨基酸 dual sealing structure 双层密封结构 offer new insights into 为……提供新线索 date back to 追溯到 isolate external contaminants 隔绝外界污染物 minimal volatilization 极少挥发 carry out detailed tests 开展细致检测 精炼 01 蒙特利尔中式园林 （一）障碍单词 remarkable adj. 出众的 greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/n. 温室 classic adj. 经典的 bonsai /ˈbɒnsaɪ/n. 盆景 landscaper /ˈlændskeɪpə(r)/n. 景观设计师 component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/n. 构件 harmony /ˈhɑːməni/n. 和谐 （二）障碍短语 botanical garden 植物园 themed garden 主题园林 artificial mountain 假山 stand out as 作为……脱颖而出 winding paths 曲径 architectural style 建筑风格 精炼 02 阿莫多建筑奖 （一）障碍单词 submission /səbˈmɪʃn/n. 申报作品 ecological restoration 生态修复 ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/n. 生态系统 initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/n. 举措 inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/n. 不平等 （二）障碍短语 diverse backgrounds 多元背景 address issues 解决问题 global challenges 全球难题 精炼 03 北京中轴线桌游 （一）障碍单词 anniversary /ˌænɪˈvɜːsəri/n. 周年 strategic board game 策略桌游 perspective /pəˈspektɪv/n. 视角 spatial philosophy 空间哲学 initiative n. 创意项目 fascination /ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn/n. 热爱，痴迷 （二）障碍短语 World Heritage List 世界遗产名录 turn concepts into reality 将想法落地 精炼 04 上海查公馆（中西合璧建筑） （一）障碍单词 residence /ˈrezɪdəns/n. 宅邸 pinnacle /ˈpɪnəkl/n. 尖顶 layout /ˈleɪaʊt/n. 布局 interior decoration 内饰 conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/adj. 传统的 inclusiveness /ɪnˈkluːsɪvnəs/n. 包容性 （二）障碍短语 cultural blending 文化融合 restore to original look 复原原貌 appeal to 吸引 精炼 05 扬州钟书阁（网红建筑书店） （一）障碍单词 infinite /ˈɪnfɪnət/adj. 无尽的 illusion /ɪˈluːʒn/n. 视觉错觉 canal /kəˈnæl/n. 运河 immerse /ɪˈmɜːs/v. 沉浸 cozy /ˈkəʊzi/adj. 舒适的 （二）障碍短语 draw inspiration from 从……汲取灵感 seemingly infinite 看似无边无际 精炼 06 三星堆考古 （一）障碍单词 ruin /ˈruːɪn/n. 遗址 significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/n. 意义 cross-subject 跨学科的 delicate /ˈdelɪkət/adj. 精细的 unearth /ʌnˈɜːθ/v. 发掘 （二）障碍短语 bronze tree 青铜神树 silk remains 丝绸遗存 have things in common 存在共通之处 separated by time and space 跨越时空 make it possible to unearth 让发掘成为可能 精炼 07 浙江上山文化稻田遗址 （一）障碍单词 domesticate /dəˈmestɪkeɪt/v. 驯化（作物） moat /məʊt/n. 壕沟 settlement /ˈsetlmənt/n. 聚落 layout /ˈleɪaʊt/n. 布局 （二）障碍短语 date back 追溯到 be suitable for 适合…… be motivated to settle 选择定居 精炼 08 云南东汉青铜鼓 （一）障碍单词 ritual /ˈrɪtʃuəl/adj. 仪式的 comprehensive assessment 全面鉴定 motif /məʊˈtiːf/n. 纹饰 symmetrically /sɪˈmetrɪkli/adv. 对称地 perforation /ˌpɜːfəˈreɪʃn/n. 孔洞 （二）障碍短语 bronze casting techniques 青铜铸造工艺 structural characteristics 形制特征 精炼 09 南海明代沉船 海上丝路考古 （一）障碍单词 sunken ship 沉船 tangible evidence 实物证据 pottery /ˈpɒtəri/n. 陶器 porcelain /ˈpɔːsəlɪn/n. 瓷器 submersible /səbˈmɜːsəbl/n. 潜水器 （二）障碍短语 oceanographic technology 海洋探测技术 Maritime Silk Road 海上丝绸之路 cultural relics investigation 文物勘查 yield artifacts 出土文物 精炼 10 青藏高原史前洞穴考古 （一）障碍单词 prehistoric /ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk/adj. 史前的 plateau /ˈplætəʊ/n. 高原 rock painting 岩画 ochre /ˈəʊkə(r)/n. 赭石 migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/n. 迁徙 （二）障碍短语 vertebrate paleontology 古脊椎动物学 climatic factors 气候因素 survival abilities 生存能力 social organization 社会组织 试卷第20页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 变式板块 完形填空名词活用动词40例 1. She booked a table at the riverside restaurant for dinner. 2. They mapped out a plan to finish the project ahead of time. 3. He phoned his teammate to confirm the meeting time. 4. She emailed the application form to the company’s HR department. 5. The student penciled notes in the margin of his textbook. 6. The cook knifed the meat into small cubes for the stew. 7. He forked some salad onto his plate and started eating. 8. She fingered the delicate fabric of the dress carefully. 9. He shouldered the heavy backpack and set off for the hike. 10. All the team members backed her choice to change the strategy. 11. We headed for the train station as soon as we packed our bags. 12. They footed the final stretch of the road when the bus didn’t arrive. 13. The manager eyed the latecomer with a questioning expression. 14. He mouthed “good luck” to his sister before her performance. 15. She handed the gift to her friend with a warm smile. 16. The guards were armed with riot shields to maintain order. 17. We have to face the fact that the task is more difficult than expected. 18. Many residents voiced their concerns about the new construction. 19. She lipped a silent greeting to her neighbor across the street. 20. She brushed her hair gently before attending the meeting. 21. He combed through the report to find the hidden mistake. 22. They nailed the wooden board to the frame to fix it firmly. 23. She taped the broken page of the book to keep it intact. 24. He pocketed the receipt and left the supermarket quickly. 25. He penned a thank-you note to his mentor after receiving valuable help. 26. She hammered the loose nail into the wooden shelf to make it stable. 27. They roped the camping gear tightly to the roof of the car before the trip. 28. He spooned some honey into his tea to sweeten it a little. 29. The rescuers laddered up the cliff to reach the injured hiker. 30. He chained his bike to the street rail before entering the café. 31. The nurse bandaged the patient’s cut finger to stop the bleeding. 32. She masked her anxiety with a calm expression during the interview. 33. The fishermen netted a basket of fresh shrimp by the riverbank. 34. He hooked his backpack onto the chair to keep it from falling. 35. She stuck a photo of her family on the office desk. 36. They bottled the homemade jam and gave it to friends as gifts. 37. My mom canned the fresh tomatoes from the garden for winter. 38. She shelled the peanuts and put them into a bowl for guests. 39. He padded the box with bubble wrap to protect the fragile item. 40. The cat nosed out the mouse hiding behind the cabinet. 【参考答案】 1. book n. 书 vt. 预订 2. map n. 地图 vt. 规划；绘制路线 3. phone n. 电话 vt. 给…… 打电话 4. email n. 电子邮件 vt. 给…… 发电子邮件 5. pencil n. 铅笔 vt. 用铅笔写 6. knife n. 刀 vt. 用刀切 7. fork n. 叉子 vt. 用叉子叉 8. finger n. 手指 vt. 用手指触碰；轻抚 9. shoulder n. 肩膀 vt. 承担；扛起 10. back n. 背部 vt. 支持；赞成 11. head n. 头 vi. 前往；朝…… 走去 12. foot n. 脚 vi. 步行；走 13. eye n. 眼睛 vt. 注视；审视 14. mouth n. 嘴 vt. 用嘴说；低语 15. hand n. 手 vt. 递给；交出 16. arm n. 手臂 vt. 武装；配备 17. face n. 脸 vt. 面对；正视 18. voice n. 声音 vt. 表达；吐露 19. lip n. 嘴唇 vt. 用嘴唇示意；轻声说 20. brush n. 刷子 vt. 刷；梳理 21. comb n. 梳子 vt. 梳理；仔细搜寻 22. nail n. 钉子 vt. 钉住；固定 23. tape n. 胶带；磁带 vt. 用胶带粘；录制 24. pocket n. 口袋 vt. 把…… 装入袋中 25. pen n. 钢笔 vt. 用钢笔写 26. hammer n. 锤子 vt. 用锤子敲；击打 27. rope n. 绳子 vt. 用绳子捆扎；系牢 28. spoon n. 勺子 vt. 用勺子舀；盛取 29. ladder n. 梯子 vt. 用梯子攀爬；借助梯子到达 30. chain n. 链条 vt. 用链条拴住 31. bandage n. 绷带 vt. 用绷带包扎 32. mask n. 口罩；面具 vt. 掩饰；戴口罩 33. net n. 网 vt. 用网捕捉；网住 34. hook n. 钩子 vt. 用钩子钩住；挂住 35. stick n. 树枝；棍子 vt. 粘贴；插入 36. bottle n. 瓶子 vt. 用瓶子装；把…… 装入瓶中 37. can n. 罐头；罐子 vt. 把…… 装罐保存 38. shell n. 贝壳；果壳 vt. 剥壳；去壳 39. pad n. 垫子；便签本 vt. 用垫子衬垫；填充 40. nose n. 鼻子 vt. 嗅出；探寻 $