精品解析：湖南长沙市弘益高级中学2025-2026学年上学期高二期末英语试题

2026年上学期高二期末考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、听力-选择题：本大题共20小题，共30分。 1.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant. 2.What do we know about the man? A. He is short-sighted. B. He wears a pair of sunglasses. C. He lost a suitcase. 3.What can we learn from the conversation? A. The book was lent out. B. The man didn't go into the library. C. The library doesn't open on weekends. 4.Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. In a bank. C. In a street. 5.How will the woman spend the summer holiday? A. By learning a new language. B. By relaxing at home. C. By doing some sport. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.What is wrong with the man? A. He can't sleep well. B. He has a stomachache. C. He has a fever. 7.What does the woman tell the man to do? A. Have a day's rest. B. Eat lots of food. C. Take the medicine twice a day. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What does the womanˈs brother work as? A. A shop assistant. B. A clothes designer. C. A security guard. 9.Why is the womanˈs brother satisfied with the job? A. He pays lower price for clothes. B. His original ideas can be put into practice. C. He works in town. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10.What is the man's worry about his son? A. He won't make much money in the future. B. He won't get used to the university life. C. He won't like what he studies. 11.What can we learn about Tim? A. He is interested in Architecture. B. He may be a college freshman. C. He works part-time. 12.What does the woman think the man should do? A. Give Mark some advice. B. Have a talk with his wife. C. Let Mark make his own choice. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13.What is the woman? A. A hostess. B. A teacher. C. A tour guide. 14.What made the man most excited? A. Being chosen as an astronaut. B. Wearing the spacesuit. C. Flying planes. 15.What was the most difficult part of the journey for the man? A. Eating in the spacecraft. B. The change of the earthˈs gravity. C. Completing the spacewalk. 16.What happened when the man returned to the earth? A. He had difficulty in talking. B. He was heavily pushed back into his seat. C. Fire broke out on the outside of the spacecraft. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Schoolmates. 18.What is the man's rent a month? A. $100. B. $300. C. $400. 19.What does the man want to do with his diet? A. Reduce the cost of meals. B. Eat less high-fat food. C. Have a balanced diet. 20.How does the woman go to the college from her accommodation? A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By train. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The Enchanted Forest: A Magical Nature Exhibition Introduction NatureWorld Exhibitions is thrilled to reveal that the Enchanted Forest will open in Edinburgh, Scotland on June 15. Set in the historic Royal Botanic Garden, this exhibition combines the beauty of nature with magical experiences, promising to delight both seasoned nature admirers and curious newcomers. Ticket Information Tickets for the general public will be available starting Tuesday, May 1, on enchantedforestexhibition.com. However, members of NatureWorld Exhibitions have an exclusive opportunity to join the waitlist three days earlier and secure their pre-sale tickets ahead of everyone else. Exhibition Highlights ●The Fairy Grove: Step into a mysterious grove filled with glowing flowers and hidden fairy (仙女) houses. Visitors will be fascinated by the delicate beauty of nature, with interactive displays that allow them to discover hidden secrets and magical creatures. ●The Enchanted River: Wander along a gently flowing river surrounded by thick greenery and ancient trees. Here, visitors can explore a series of waterfalls and bridges, each with its own unique story and some interactive elements. ●The Nature Playground: This interactive area invites visitors to engage with nature through hands-on activities, such as building fairy houses, creating nature art, and exploring a giant treehouse. About the Royal Botanic Garden The Royal Botanic Garden is a historic and picturesque complex located in the heart of Edinburgh. It is typically a place for scientific research and plant conservation, but for this special exhibition, it will open its doors to the public to share its natural wonders. With sufficient parking available, it's easy to visit and immerse yourself in the magic of the Enchanted Forest. 1. What benefit can NatureWorld Exhibitions members get? A. A gift card. B. Longer visiting hours. C. A guided tour. D. Earlier access to tickets. 2. What can visitors do at the exhibition? A. Make nature artworks. B. Act out fairy tales. C. Feed magical creatures. D. Build huge treehouses. 3. What do we know about the Royal Botanic Garden? A. It offers limited parking. B. It focuses on nature exhibitions. C. It seldom opens to the public. D. It is remotely located in Edinburgh. B In many parts of the world, autumn brings cooler weather and a beautiful change — leaves on some trees turn from green to bright shades of yellow, orange, and red. But those colors are short-lived before leaves fall off their trees. Have you ever wondered why this happens? Itˈs all part of how the plants prepare for winter. Trees spend much of the year turning sunshine into food through photosynthesis (光合作用). This process relies on a green pigment (色素) in leaves called chlorophyll (叶绿素). But as autumn approaches, days get shorter and nights get colder. Plants can no longer make enough chlorophyll to keep their leaves green. Instead, they break down chlorophyll into smaller parts and then take them in. This saves energy because plants donˈt have to make chlorophyll from the very beginning when spring comes. When chlorophyll dies away, other pigments in the leaves start to show. These pigments not only create beautiful colors but also protect leaves from being eaten by insects or damaged by sunlight. At the same time, these trees stop putting effort into holding on to their leaves. Getting rid of their leaves can help trees keep water in their bodies over winter. It also allows strong winds to blow more easily through treesˈ branches, putting less stress on them. However, not all trees let go of their autumn leaves so easily. For example, some willows(柳树)may hold on to their leaves all winter. This can help protect their branches from hungry animals. Conifer trees(针叶树)likewise keep their needles year-round. Needles can bear the cold more easily than leaves do. So it costs conifers less energy to hang on to their needles than to remove and regrow them yearly. Have a close look at the trees outside your own window when the leaves change in autumn and fall to the ground. By collecting data on your local biodiversity, you can contribute to citizen science projects. Plus, spending time with nature can cheer you up — something many of us need as the days grow darker and colder. 4. What contributes to the leaves of some trees changing colors in autumn? A. Insects eating up the green pigments in leaves. B. The sunlight being not strong enough in autumn. C. Trees needing more energy to make new green pigments. D. Chlorophyll disappearing and other pigments appearing. 5. What is the advantage for trees to remove leaves for winter? A. It helps trees take in more sunlight easily. B. It makes trees grow new leaves quickly in spring. C. It protects branches from being eaten by animals. D. It helps trees keep water and reduce stress from winds. 6. What can we learn about conifer trees from the passage? A. They lose needles every autumn like other trees. B. Their needles canˈt stand cold winter weather. C. They keep needles all year round for energy saving. D. Keeping needles needs more energy than regrowing them. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. We can only enjoy autumn leaves by watching them. B. Getting close to nature improves mental health in autumn. C. Autumn days are bright and warm for people to go out. D. Citizen science projects only need data on autumn leaves. C When Loki, the golden retriever (寻回犬), entered our lives five years ago, we anticipated that he would assume the roles of tail-wagging family guardian and personal trainer. Time has proved that not only does Loki fulfil all those functions, he’s also the family’s ultra-punctual alarm clock as well as stand-up comedian. But without doubt his most unexpected contribution to our household is that of peacemaker. Now, Loki is the spiritual leader of our family. When we become irritated, such as when my wife mentions my weight, he always makes us stop arguing. Loki possesses a reliable warning system. As soon as our voices rise, he demands the restoration of harmony, first leaning his head on the leg of the instigator of the argument and staring at him or her with pleading eyes. If he fails, he will climb up and lick his or her neck affectionately, which usually works. Therefore, if we want to have a good argument, we have no choice but to leave home. After 28 years of marriage, time hasn’t eased our hot temper, but Loki’s influence has. He has imposed his personality on us. He has also improved my wellbeing. When attached to a blood pressure monitor, I’ve watched my numbers head in the right direction when Loki lies next to me on the sofa. Scientists say stroking a dog can reduce blood pressure by as much as 10 percent. As usual, the other day, just after daybreak, I found myself lying on the edge of the bed, pushed aside by Loki, which was lying on a down comforter, snoring (打鼾) intermittently. And it suddenly dawned on me that I spent more time sleeping alongside Loki than my wife. Although Loki has the ability to mediate, he is particularly unable to convince Tracey to let me cross the threshold (门槛) at night due to my snoring. My weight is undoubtedly the cause. It’s time for him to step back up to his primary role, a personal trainer. Come on, Loki. Let’s go for a run! 8. What was Loki originally expected to serve as according to the author? A. A peacemaker. B. An alarm clock. C. A spiritual leader. D. A family guardian. 9. What might be Loki’s way to end the argument between the couple? A. Raising his voice. B. Barking at the couple. C. Interacting with the instigator. D. Running away from home. 10. What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs? A. The author blames his weight problem on Loki. B. Tracey doesn’t allow the author to go out at night. C. Loki has a positive influence on the author’s health. D. The author prefers sleeping alongside Loki to his wife. 11. What’s the tone of the passage? A. Relaxing. B. Critical. C. Serious. D. Ironic. D When we sleep, our brain is still actively processing the day’s experiences and integrating (整合) them with past memories. Previous studies have identified links between pupil (瞳孔) size and sleep state, as well as between sleep state and memory formation. However, it has been unclear how fresh memories are processed without mixing into old ones. For example, how do we learn to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike? Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain-scanning electrodes and tiny eye-tracking cameras to mice. They monitored the mice as they learned new tasks during the day, such as going through a maze, and then observed them during sleep. (Fun fact: mice can sleep with their eyes open.) The study revealed two distinct substages during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, a key period for memory formation. One substage replayed new memories, along with narrowed pupils. The other involved recalling older memories, marked by widened pupils. The brain shifted rapidly between these stages. The team also discovered that during the narrowed pupil stages, blocking sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) limited the mice’s ability to remember new information. It is also found that the brain has an intermediate (中间的) period that separates new learning from old knowledge. The results suggest that the brain can multitask different cognitive processes during sleep to promote continuous learning without interference (干扰). It’s like new learning, old knowledge, new learning, old knowledge, shifting slowly throughout sleep. The implications of the study are far-reaching: such a non-invasive means of monitoring brain function may help treat memory issues and boost memory, for example. The study also supports the hypothesis (假说) that human brains and computer systems may significantly forget old information. Serious forgetting, known in AI, is an area where machines are still worse than biology. What’s more, the findings provide a potential solution for preventing serious interference while enabling memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks. Despite the many similarities between human and mouse brains, similar studies need to be conducted in humans to verify these results. 12. What do researchers at Cornell University focus on? A. How pupil size is related to sleep state. B. How people learn to perform new tasks. C. How memories are kept without interference. D. How sleep state is connected with memory formation. 13. What is the finding of the study? A. Blocking SWRs removes old memories. B. The brain processes new memories first. C. Widened pupil is associated with replaying new memories. D. A middle stage distinguishes old memories from new ones. 14. What is the implication of the study? A. It provides an invasive solution to memory study. B. It helps avoid large-scale interference and integrate memory. C. It denies that brains and computers may forget information dramatically. D. It supports that machines perform better in serious forgetting than brains. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Code of Memory Integration in Sleep. B. Role of Sleep in Memory and Learning. C. Pupil Size: A Window into Human Brain. D. A Breakthrough: How Mice Sleep with Eyes Open. 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 Hug a Tree We know that spending time in nature reduces stress and improves our mood. We also know that the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing can improve our well-being. ____16____ That’s exactly what hugging a tree does! Read on to learn more about the benefits of hugging a tree! Take a Fresh Breath ____17____ So, when you are close to a tree and hug it in a forest, you are naturally in a more oxygen-rich environment. You are also more likely to be breathing in fewer pollutants, especially if the forest or woods are away from a main road or air line. Improve Heart Health One study found that when we experience nature — whether by hiking in nearby mountains or simply looking at trees and birds on the way to work — we can increase our heart rate variability. ____18____ Fight Against Depression Trees’ positive effects on our mental health have been well documented. Researchers are even calling trees nature’s Prozac. They note that feeling grounded or connected to nature can reduce anxiety and depression. When you hug a tree, you become grounded to its powerful roots, receiving energy that can help to fight seasonal affective disorder or depression year-round. ____19____ Trees are one of nature’s greatest stress-reducers. It works by connecting you to the environment and allowing you to feel grounded in both space and time. When you hug a tree, you receive grounding energy through its roots. This has proven effective for people who have high levels of anxiety or fear, or those who suffer from nervousness and worry. If you don’t have a tree in your yard, go visit the local park or the botanic gardens or hike in the closest woodlands. Find a tree that speaks to you or is impressive in its appearance. Go give it a hug. ____20____ So what if passers-by laugh at you? The hug you give is not just to the tree but to yourself and your spirit. A. Reduce stress. B. Receive more energy. C. Get over your fear of embarrassment. D. Both methods require little effort or time. E. It is well known that trees produce oxygen. F. Combining the two can create even greater effects. G. This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases. 四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 Little Barrett always wished he could fly like a bird. He often ____21____ tried to find out why he couldn’t — even the big birds heavier than him could enjoy freedom in the sky. His ____22____ kept growing: “Is there something wrong with me that stops me from flying?” Another boy, Jacques, was crippled (跛脚的). He found it ____23____ to take even a few steps, often feeling ____24____ when he saw other kids run and laugh. He didn’t ____25____ sitting alone and hoped to improve his situation, but didn’t know how to. One afternoon, Barrett met Jacques in the park. He ran over and asked if Jacques had ever dreamed of flying. “No,” Jacques shook his head softly, “but I’ve always ____26____ what it’s like to run ____27____” “Maybe one day you’ll know that,” said Barrett. Together, they played happily, building small sand houses for nearly an hour ____28____ Jacques’ dad, Mr. Wilson, came with a wheelchair. Barrett, ____29____ of his new friend’s wish, whispered a plan to Mr. Wilson, who ____30____. Barrett knelt down, let Jacques climb on his back, and held Jacques’ legs to keep ____31____. Then he started running fast across the grass. Jacques waved his arms, yelling, “I’m flying, Daddy!” Mr. Wilson’s eyes turned wet. Well, true friendship is ____32____ on what we can’t do ____33____ what we can give. We don’t need to ____34____ perfect things — small kindnesses are most ____35____ to light up someone’s day. 21. A. quietly B. anxiously C. carelessly D. bravely 22. A. concern B. joy C. anger D. surprise 23. A. fun B. easy C. tough D. strange 24. A. tired B. excited C. satisfied D. trapped 25. A. start B. prefer C. mind D. avoid 26. A. doubted B. decided C. wondered D. feared 27. A. highly B. curiously C. sincerely D. freely 28. A. since B. until C. while D. unless 29. A. sure B. tired C. proud D. aware 30. A. agreed B. refused C. promised D. acted 31. A. weight B. secret C. promise D. balance 32. A. attracted B. spent C. based D. put 33. A. rather than B. because of C. as well as D. in case of 34. A. look after B. search for C. give up D. take away 35. A. likely B. ready C. difficult D. impossible 五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou, a ______36______ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo on 30 December 1930. After graduating from Peking University Medical School, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. She joined a team of scientists ______37______ the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria in 1967. Two years later, she ______38______ (appoint) head of the project and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts ______39______ (find) traditional botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text from the fourth century suggested ______40______ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team did experiment after experiment and ______41______ (final) found a substance by lowering the temperature to draw out the extract. After many ______42______ (failure), they at last found artemisinin, ______43______ soon became a standard treatment for malaria. So far it ______44______ (save) hundreds of thousands of lives worldwide. For this, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. It is indeed ______45______ honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。 46. 假定你是李华，在“世界环境日”到来之际，你校英文报将举办以“If the Earth Could Speak”为主题的英语征文活动。请你以地球的口吻写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括： 1. 对人类某些行为的感受； 2. 对人类的提醒和希望。 注意： 1. 词数80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A Cry from Mother Earth: Listen Up, Humans! Dear humans, I have watched over you for hundreds of thousands of years. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 七、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “What is your name? ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年上学期高二期末考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、听力-选择题：本大题共20小题，共30分。 1.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant. 2.What do we know about the man? A. He is short-sighted. B. He wears a pair of sunglasses. C. He lost a suitcase. 3.What can we learn from the conversation? A. The book was lent out. B. The man didn't go into the library. C. The library doesn't open on weekends. 4.Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. In a bank. C. In a street. 5.How will the woman spend the summer holiday? A. By learning a new language. B. By relaxing at home. C. By doing some sport. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6.What is wrong with the man? A. He can't sleep well. B. He has a stomachache. C. He has a fever. 7.What does the woman tell the man to do? A. Have a day's rest. B. Eat lots of food. C. Take the medicine twice a day. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What does the womanˈs brother work as? A. A shop assistant. B. A clothes designer. C. A security guard. 9.Why is the womanˈs brother satisfied with the job? A. He pays lower price for clothes. B. His original ideas can be put into practice. C. He works in town. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10.What is the man's worry about his son? A. He won't make much money in the future. B. He won't get used to the university life. C. He won't like what he studies. 11.What can we learn about Tim? A. He is interested in Architecture. B. He may be a college freshman. C. He works part-time. 12.What does the woman think the man should do? A. Give Mark some advice. B. Have a talk with his wife. C. Let Mark make his own choice. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13.What is the woman? A. A hostess. B. A teacher. C. A tour guide. 14.What made the man most excited? A. Being chosen as an astronaut. B. Wearing the spacesuit. C. Flying planes. 15.What was the most difficult part of the journey for the man? A. Eating in the spacecraft. B. The change of the earthˈs gravity. C. Completing the spacewalk. 16.What happened when the man returned to the earth? A. He had difficulty in talking. B. He was heavily pushed back into his seat. C. Fire broke out on the outside of the spacecraft. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Schoolmates. 18.What is the man's rent a month? A. $100. B. $300. C. $400. 19.What does the man want to do with his diet? A. Reduce the cost of meals. B. Eat less high-fat food. C. Have a balanced diet. 20.How does the woman go to the college from her accommodation? A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By train. 二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The Enchanted Forest: A Magical Nature Exhibition Introduction NatureWorld Exhibitions is thrilled to reveal that the Enchanted Forest will open in Edinburgh, Scotland on June 15. Set in the historic Royal Botanic Garden, this exhibition combines the beauty of nature with magical experiences, promising to delight both seasoned nature admirers and curious newcomers. Ticket Information Tickets for the general public will be available starting Tuesday, May 1, on enchantedforestexhibition.com. However, members of NatureWorld Exhibitions have an exclusive opportunity to join the waitlist three days earlier and secure their pre-sale tickets ahead of everyone else. Exhibition Highlights ●The Fairy Grove: Step into a mysterious grove filled with glowing flowers and hidden fairy (仙女) houses. Visitors will be fascinated by the delicate beauty of nature, with interactive displays that allow them to discover hidden secrets and magical creatures. ●The Enchanted River: Wander along a gently flowing river surrounded by thick greenery and ancient trees. Here, visitors can explore a series of waterfalls and bridges, each with its own unique story and some interactive elements. ●The Nature Playground: This interactive area invites visitors to engage with nature through hands-on activities, such as building fairy houses, creating nature art, and exploring a giant treehouse. About the Royal Botanic Garden The Royal Botanic Garden is a historic and picturesque complex located in the heart of Edinburgh. It is typically a place for scientific research and plant conservation, but for this special exhibition, it will open its doors to the public to share its natural wonders. With sufficient parking available, it's easy to visit and immerse yourself in the magic of the Enchanted Forest. 1. What benefit can NatureWorld Exhibitions members get? A. A gift card. B. Longer visiting hours. C. A guided tour. D. Earlier access to tickets. 2. What can visitors do at the exhibition? A. Make nature artworks. B. Act out fairy tales. C. Feed magical creatures. D. Build huge treehouses. 3. What do we know about the Royal Botanic Garden? A. It offers limited parking. B. It focuses on nature exhibitions. C. It seldom opens to the public. D. It is remotely located in Edinburgh. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍苏格兰爱丁堡“魔法森林”自然世界展览的亮点、票务信息及举办地情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ticket Information部分中的“However, members of NatureWorld Exhibitions have an exclusive opportunity to join the waitlist three days earlier and secure their pre-sale tickets ahead of everyone else. (然而，“自然世界展览”的会员享有专属机会，可提前三天加入候补名单，并先于其他所有人锁定预售门票。)”可知，会员可提前购票。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Exhibition Highlights部分中的“The Nature Playground: This interactive area invites visitors to engage with nature through hands-on activities, such as building fairy houses, creating nature art, and exploring a giant treehouse. (自然游乐场：这个互动区域邀请游客通过动手活动与自然互动，例如搭建精灵小屋、创作自然艺术作品，以及探索巨型树屋。)”可知，参观者可制作自然艺术品。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据About the Royal Botanic Garden部分中的“It is typically a place for scientific research and plant conservation, but for this special exhibition, it will open its doors to the public to share its natural wonders. (它通常是一个用于科学研究和植物保护的场所，但在这次特别展览期间，它将向公众开放，分享其自然界的奇观。)”可知，皇家植物园平时很少对公众开放。故选C项。 B In many parts of the world, autumn brings cooler weather and a beautiful change — leaves on some trees turn from green to bright shades of yellow, orange, and red. But those colors are short-lived before leaves fall off their trees. Have you ever wondered why this happens? Itˈs all part of how the plants prepare for winter. Trees spend much of the year turning sunshine into food through photosynthesis (光合作用). This process relies on a green pigment (色素) in leaves called chlorophyll (叶绿素). But as autumn approaches, days get shorter and nights get colder. Plants can no longer make enough chlorophyll to keep their leaves green. Instead, they break down chlorophyll into smaller parts and then take them in. This saves energy because plants donˈt have to make chlorophyll from the very beginning when spring comes. When chlorophyll dies away, other pigments in the leaves start to show. These pigments not only create beautiful colors but also protect leaves from being eaten by insects or damaged by sunlight. At the same time, these trees stop putting effort into holding on to their leaves. Getting rid of their leaves can help trees keep water in their bodies over winter. It also allows strong winds to blow more easily through treesˈ branches, putting less stress on them. However, not all trees let go of their autumn leaves so easily. For example, some willows(柳树)may hold on to their leaves all winter. This can help protect their branches from hungry animals. Conifer trees(针叶树)likewise keep their needles year-round. Needles can bear the cold more easily than leaves do. So it costs conifers less energy to hang on to their needles than to remove and regrow them yearly. Have a close look at the trees outside your own window when the leaves change in autumn and fall to the ground. By collecting data on your local biodiversity, you can contribute to citizen science projects. Plus, spending time with nature can cheer you up — something many of us need as the days grow darker and colder. 4. What contributes to the leaves of some trees changing colors in autumn? A. Insects eating up the green pigments in leaves. B. The sunlight being not strong enough in autumn. C. Trees needing more energy to make new green pigments. D. Chlorophyll disappearing and other pigments appearing. 5. What is the advantage for trees to remove leaves for winter? A. It helps trees take in more sunlight easily. B. It makes trees grow new leaves quickly in spring. C. It protects branches from being eaten by animals. D. It helps trees keep water and reduce stress from winds. 6. What can we learn about conifer trees from the passage? A. They lose needles every autumn like other trees. B. Their needles canˈt stand cold winter weather. C. They keep needles all year round for energy saving. D. Keeping needles needs more energy than regrowing them. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. We can only enjoy autumn leaves by watching them. B. Getting close to nature improves mental health in autumn. C. Autumn days are bright and warm for people to go out. D. Citizen science projects only need data on autumn leaves. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了秋天树叶变色、落叶的原因，包括叶绿素分解导致其他色素显现、树木为保存水分和减少风压而落叶，以及部分树木（如柳树、针叶树）保留叶子的特殊策略，并鼓励人们亲近自然、参与公民科学项目。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Plants can no longer make enough chlorophyll to keep their leaves green. Instead, they break down  chlorophyll into smaller parts and then take them in. This saves energy because plants donˈt have to make chlorophyll from the very beginning when spring comes. When chlorophyll dies away, other pigments in the leaves start to show. (植物无法再合成足够的叶绿素来保持叶片绿色。于是，它们将叶绿素分解成更小的成分，然后吸收利用。这样可以节省能量，因为当春天到来时，植物不必从头开始重新合成叶绿素。当叶绿素逐渐消失后，叶片中的其他色素便开始显现出来。)”可知，秋天树叶变色是因为叶绿素消失，其他色素显现出来。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Getting rid of their leaves can help trees keep water in their bodies over winter. It also allows strong winds to blow more easily through trees' branches, putting less stress on them. (落叶有助于树木在冬季保持体内水分。这也让强风更容易穿过树枝，减少对树枝的压力。)”可知，落叶的好处是帮助树木保存水分并减轻风带来的压力。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Conifer trees (针叶树) likewise keep their needles year-round. Needles can bear the cold more easily than leaves do. So it costs conifers less energy to hang on to their needles than to remove and regrow them yearly. (针叶树同样全年保留针叶。针叶比树叶更能抵御寒冷。因此，针叶树保留针叶比每年去除并重新生长所需的能量更少。)”可知，针叶树全年保留针叶是为了节省能量。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Plus, spending time with nature can cheer you up — something many of us need as the days grow darker and colder. (此外，花时间与大自然相处可以让你心情愉悦——这是我们许多人在日子变得更暗更冷时所需要的。)”可推断，亲近自然有助于改善秋季因天气变暗变冷而带来的低落情绪，即亲近自然有助于心理健康。 C When Loki, the golden retriever (寻回犬), entered our lives five years ago, we anticipated that he would assume the roles of tail-wagging family guardian and personal trainer. Time has proved that not only does Loki fulfil all those functions, he’s also the family’s ultra-punctual alarm clock as well as stand-up comedian. But without doubt his most unexpected contribution to our household is that of peacemaker. Now, Loki is the spiritual leader of our family. When we become irritated, such as when my wife mentions my weight, he always makes us stop arguing. Loki possesses a reliable warning system. As soon as our voices rise, he demands the restoration of harmony, first leaning his head on the leg of the instigator of the argument and staring at him or her with pleading eyes. If he fails, he will climb up and lick his or her neck affectionately, which usually works. Therefore, if we want to have a good argument, we have no choice but to leave home. After 28 years of marriage, time hasn’t eased our hot temper, but Loki’s influence has. He has imposed his personality on us. He has also improved my wellbeing. When attached to a blood pressure monitor, I’ve watched my numbers head in the right direction when Loki lies next to me on the sofa. Scientists say stroking a dog can reduce blood pressure by as much as 10 percent. As usual, the other day, just after daybreak, I found myself lying on the edge of the bed, pushed aside by Loki, which was lying on a down comforter, snoring (打鼾) intermittently. And it suddenly dawned on me that I spent more time sleeping alongside Loki than my wife. Although Loki has the ability to mediate, he is particularly unable to convince Tracey to let me cross the threshold (门槛) at night due to my snoring. My weight is undoubtedly the cause. It’s time for him to step back up to his primary role, a personal trainer. Come on, Loki. Let’s go for a run! 8. What was Loki originally expected to serve as according to the author? A. A peacemaker. B. An alarm clock. C. A spiritual leader. D. A family guardian. 9. What might be Loki’s way to end the argument between the couple? A. Raising his voice. B. Barking at the couple. C. Interacting with the instigator. D. Running away from home. 10. What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs? A. The author blames his weight problem on Loki. B. Tracey doesn’t allow the author to go out at night. C. Loki has a positive influence on the author’s health. D. The author prefers sleeping alongside Loki to his wife. 11. What’s the tone of the passage? A. Relaxing. B. Critical. C. Serious. D. Ironic. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家的金毛寻回犬洛基不仅能担当家庭守护者等角色，还是家庭的和平使者，对作者的健康也有积极影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Loki, the golden retriever (寻回犬), entered our lives five years ago, we anticipated that he would assume the roles of tail wagging family guardian and personal trainer. (五年前，金毛寻回犬洛基走进我们的生活时，我们期望它能担当摇着尾巴的家庭守护者和私人健身教练的角色)”可知，作者最初期望洛基担当家庭守护者的角色。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As soon as our voices rise, he demands the restoration of harmony, first leaning his head on the leg of the instigator of the argument and staring at him or her with pleading eyes. If he fails, he will climb up and lick his or her neck affectionately, which usually works. (我们一开始提高嗓门，它就要求恢复和谐，首先把它的头靠在挑起争论者的腿上，用恳求的眼神盯着他或她。如果这招不管用，它就会爬上去亲切地舔他或她的脖子，这通常很管用)”可知，洛基结束这对夫妇争论的方式是与挑起争论者互动。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“He has also improved my wellbeing. When attached to a blood pressure monitor, I’ve watched my numbers head in the right direction when Loki lies next to me on the sofa. Scientists say stroking a dog can reduce blood pressure by as much as 10 percent. (它也改善了我的健康状况。当我连接上血压监测仪，当洛基躺在沙发上我旁边时，我看到我的血压数值朝着好的方向发展。科学家说抚摸狗可以使血压降低多达10%)”和最后一段中“It’s time for him to step back up to his primary role, a personal trainer. Come on, Loki. Let’s go for a run!(是时候让他回到他的主要角色，一个私人教练。来吧，洛基。我们去跑步吧！)”可知，洛基对作者的健康有积极影响。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Time has proved that not only does Loki fulfil all those functions, he’s also the family’s ultra punctual alarm clock as well as stand up comedian. (时间证明，洛基不仅履行了所有这些职责，它还是家里超级准时的闹钟和脱口秀喜剧演员)”以及倒数第二段“As usual, the other day, just after daybreak, I found myself lying on the edge of the bed, pushed aside by Loki, which was lying on a down comforter, snoring (打鼾) intermittently. And it suddenly dawned on me that I spent more time sleeping alongside Loki than my wife. (前几天，像往常一样，天刚破晓，我发现自己被挤到了床边，而洛基正躺在羽绒被上，时不时地打着呼噜。我突然意识到，我和洛基一起睡觉的时间比和我妻子在一起的时间还多)”可知，作者用轻松诙谐的语言描述洛基，整体氛围轻松。所以文章的语气是轻松的。故选A项。 D When we sleep, our brain is still actively processing the day’s experiences and integrating (整合) them with past memories. Previous studies have identified links between pupil (瞳孔) size and sleep state, as well as between sleep state and memory formation. However, it has been unclear how fresh memories are processed without mixing into old ones. For example, how do we learn to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike? Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain-scanning electrodes and tiny eye-tracking cameras to mice. They monitored the mice as they learned new tasks during the day, such as going through a maze, and then observed them during sleep. (Fun fact: mice can sleep with their eyes open.) The study revealed two distinct substages during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, a key period for memory formation. One substage replayed new memories, along with narrowed pupils. The other involved recalling older memories, marked by widened pupils. The brain shifted rapidly between these stages. The team also discovered that during the narrowed pupil stages, blocking sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) limited the mice’s ability to remember new information. It is also found that the brain has an intermediate (中间的) period that separates new learning from old knowledge. The results suggest that the brain can multitask different cognitive processes during sleep to promote continuous learning without interference (干扰). It’s like new learning, old knowledge, new learning, old knowledge, shifting slowly throughout sleep. The implications of the study are far-reaching: such a non-invasive means of monitoring brain function may help treat memory issues and boost memory, for example. The study also supports the hypothesis (假说) that human brains and computer systems may significantly forget old information. Serious forgetting, known in AI, is an area where machines are still worse than biology. What’s more, the findings provide a potential solution for preventing serious interference while enabling memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks. Despite the many similarities between human and mouse brains, similar studies need to be conducted in humans to verify these results. 12. What do researchers at Cornell University focus on? A. How pupil size is related to sleep state. B. How people learn to perform new tasks. C. How memories are kept without interference. D. How sleep state is connected with memory formation. 13. What is the finding of the study? A. Blocking SWRs removes old memories. B. The brain processes new memories first. C. Widened pupil is associated with replaying new memories. D. A middle stage distinguishes old memories from new ones. 14. What is the implication of the study? A. It provides an invasive solution to memory study. B. It helps avoid large-scale interference and integrate memory. C. It denies that brains and computers may forget information dramatically. D. It supports that machines perform better in serious forgetting than brains. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Code of Memory Integration in Sleep. B. Role of Sleep in Memory and Learning. C. Pupil Size: A Window into Human Brain. D. A Breakthrough: How Mice Sleep with Eyes Open. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了康奈尔大学关于睡眠中记忆整合的研究，揭示了非快速眼动睡眠中存在两个子阶段，分别处理新旧记忆，并有一个中间期将二者分隔，从而避免干扰。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, it has been unclear how fresh memories are processed without mixing into old ones. For example, how do we learn to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike?(然而，目前尚不清楚新鲜记忆是如何在不与旧记忆混合的情况下被处理的。例如，我们如何在学习弹钢琴的同时不忘记如何骑自行车？)”以及第二段中“Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain-scanning electrodes and tiny eye-tracking cameras to mice.(康奈尔大学的研究人员通过给老鼠安装大脑扫描电极和微型眼球追踪摄像头来解决这个问题)”可知，康奈尔大学的研究人员主要关注的是新记忆如何在不与旧记忆发生干扰的情况下被处理和保留。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“It is also found that the brain has an intermediate period that separates new learning from old knowledge.(研究还发现，大脑有一个中间阶段，将新学到的知识与旧知识区分开来)”可知，该研究的一个发现是大脑中存在一个中间阶段来区分新旧记忆。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“What’s more, the findings provide a potential solution for preventing serious interference while enabling memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks.(此外，该研究成果为生物神经网络和人工神经网络在实现记忆整合的同时，避免严重干扰提供了可行方案)”可知，这项研究的意义在于它有助于避免严重干扰并实现记忆整合。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕睡眠中记忆整合的机制展开，重点描述了新旧记忆如何在睡眠中被分离处理以避免干扰。第四段明确指出“the brain has an intermediate period that separates new learning from old knowledge (大脑有一个中间期来区分新旧知识)”，最后一段指出该发现为“preventing serious interference while enabling memory integration (防止严重干扰的同时实现记忆整合)”提供了潜在解决方案。因此，A项“Code of Memory Integration in Sleep (睡眠中的记忆整合密码)”是最佳标题。 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 Hug a Tree We know that spending time in nature reduces stress and improves our mood. We also know that the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing can improve our well-being. ____16____ That’s exactly what hugging a tree does! Read on to learn more about the benefits of hugging a tree! Take a Fresh Breath ____17____ So, when you are close to a tree and hug it in a forest, you are naturally in a more oxygen-rich environment. You are also more likely to be breathing in fewer pollutants, especially if the forest or woods are away from a main road or air line. Improve Heart Health One study found that when we experience nature — whether by hiking in nearby mountains or simply looking at trees and birds on the way to work — we can increase our heart rate variability. ____18____ Fight Against Depression Trees’ positive effects on our mental health have been well documented. Researchers are even calling trees nature’s Prozac. They note that feeling grounded or connected to nature can reduce anxiety and depression. When you hug a tree, you become grounded to its powerful roots, receiving energy that can help to fight seasonal affective disorder or depression year-round. ____19____ Trees are one of nature’s greatest stress-reducers. It works by connecting you to the environment and allowing you to feel grounded in both space and time. When you hug a tree, you receive grounding energy through its roots. This has proven effective for people who have high levels of anxiety or fear, or those who suffer from nervousness and worry. If you don’t have a tree in your yard, go visit the local park or the botanic gardens or hike in the closest woodlands. Find a tree that speaks to you or is impressive in its appearance. Go give it a hug. ____20____ So what if passers-by laugh at you? The hug you give is not just to the tree but to yourself and your spirit. A. Reduce stress. B. Receive more energy. C. Get over your fear of embarrassment. D. Both methods require little effort or time. E. It is well known that trees produce oxygen. F. Combining the two can create even greater effects. G. This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是拥抱树木对人类身心健康的各种益处，包括减轻压力、改善心情、提升能量及对抗抑郁等积极影响。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“We know that spending time in nature reduces stress and improves our mood. We also know that the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing can improve our well-being. (我们知道，花时间在大自然中可以减轻压力并改善我们的心情。我们同样知道拥抱自己或另一个生物的行为能够改善我们的福祉)”可知，此处描述的是花时间在大自然中和身体接触对个人都有正面影响，结合空后的“That’s exactly what hugging a tree does! Read on to learn more about the benefits of hugging a tree! (这就是拥抱树木的作用！继续阅读以了解更多关于拥抱树木的好处！)”可知，上下文都在强调在自然中度过时间以及与自然实体进行身体接触所带来的益处，此空应为讲述结合两者好处的内容，F选项“Combining the two can create even greater effects. (结合这两种行为能产生更强大的效果)”讲述的是将接触自然和身体接触相结合可以创造更大的效应，其中的the two指的是上文中所提到的“spending time in nature”和“the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing”。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Take a Fresh Breath(呼吸新鲜空气)”可知，本段讲述的是拥抱树木能呼吸到新鲜空气，结合空后的“So, when you are close to a tree and hug it in a forest, you are naturally in a more oxygen-rich environment. (因此，当你靠近森林中的树木并拥抱它时，你自然处于一个更加富氧的环境中)”可知，此空应为说明树木如何影响周围环境的氧气含量，因为该句解释了为何靠近树木能够改善呼吸质量，E选项“It is well known that trees produce oxygen. (众所周知，树木产生氧气)”讲述的是树木是氧气的生产者，与本段的主题吻合，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“One study found that when we experience nature — whether by hiking in nearby mountains or simply looking at trees and birds on the way to work— we can increase our heart rate variability. (一项研究发现，当我们体验自然时——无论是徒步附近的山脉还是仅仅是在上班路上看树和鸟——我们都可以增加心率变异性)”可知，此处描述的是接触自然对心率变异性的影响，结合空后的“This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases. (这可以降低许多心脏疾病的风险)”可知，此空应为解释心率变异性增加所带来的健康益处，G选项“This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases. (这可以降低许多心脏疾病的风险)”讲述的是心率变异性增加对心脏健康的积极影响，符合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句为祈使句可知，此空也应为祈使句，根据空后的“Trees are one of nature’s greatest stress-reducers. It works by connecting you to the environment and allowing you to feel grounded in both space and time. When you hug a tree, you receive grounding energy through its roots. This has proven effective for people who have high levels of anxiety or fear, or those who suffer from nervousness and worry. (树木是自然界最大的减压器之一。它的工作原理是将你与环境联系起来，让你在空间和时间上都有脚踏实地的感觉。当你拥抱一棵树时，你通过它的根部接收接地能量。事实证明，这对那些高度焦虑或恐惧的人，或者那些紧张和担心的人是有效的。)”可知，此空应为解释拥抱树木如何帮助人们减压，A选项“Reduce stress. (减少压力)”为祈使句，且讲述的是树木作为减压工具的作用，概括了本段的主题，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“If you don’t have a tree in your yard, go visit the local park or the botanic gardens or hike in the closest woodlands. Find a tree that speaks to you or is impressive in its appearance. Go give it a hug. (如果你的院子里没有树，去拜访当地的公园或植物园，或者徒步到最近的林地。找到一棵对你说话或外观令人印象深刻的树。去给它一个拥抱)”可知，此处描述的是鼓励读者即使在家里没有树木也可以寻找机会去拥抱树木，结合空后的“So what if passers-by laugh at you? The hug you give is not just to the tree but to yourself and your spirit. (所以如果路人嘲笑你呢？你给予的拥抱不仅是给树的，也是给自己的精神的)”可知，此空应为鼓励读者不要在意他人的眼光，勇敢地拥抱树木，因为这里提到了面对可能的社会尴尬应该采取的态度，C选项“Get over your fear of embarrassment. (克服尴尬恐惧)”讲述的是鼓励读者克服可能的社交尴尬，符合语境。故选C项。 四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 Little Barrett always wished he could fly like a bird. He often ____21____ tried to find out why he couldn’t — even the big birds heavier than him could enjoy freedom in the sky. His ____22____ kept growing: “Is there something wrong with me that stops me from flying?” Another boy, Jacques, was crippled (跛脚的). He found it ____23____ to take even a few steps, often feeling ____24____ when he saw other kids run and laugh. He didn’t ____25____ sitting alone and hoped to improve his situation, but didn’t know how to. One afternoon, Barrett met Jacques in the park. He ran over and asked if Jacques had ever dreamed of flying. “No,” Jacques shook his head softly, “but I’ve always ____26____ what it’s like to run ____27____” “Maybe one day you’ll know that,” said Barrett. Together, they played happily, building small sand houses for nearly an hour ____28____ Jacques’ dad, Mr. Wilson, came with a wheelchair. Barrett, ____29____ of his new friend’s wish, whispered a plan to Mr. Wilson, who ____30____. Barrett knelt down, let Jacques climb on his back, and held Jacques’ legs to keep ____31____. Then he started running fast across the grass. Jacques waved his arms, yelling, “I’m flying, Daddy!” Mr. Wilson’s eyes turned wet. Well, true friendship is ____32____ on what we can’t do ____33____ what we can give. We don’t need to ____34____ perfect things — small kindnesses are most ____35____ to light up someone’s day. 21. A. quietly B. anxiously C. carelessly D. bravely 22. A. concern B. joy C. anger D. surprise 23. A. fun B. easy C. tough D. strange 24. A. tired B. excited C. satisfied D. trapped 25. A. start B. prefer C. mind D. avoid 26. A. doubted B. decided C. wondered D. feared 27. A. highly B. curiously C. sincerely D. freely 28. A. since B. until C. while D. unless 29. A. sure B. tired C. proud D. aware 30. A. agreed B. refused C. promised D. acted 31. A. weight B. secret C. promise D. balance 32. A. attracted B. spent C. based D. put 33. A. rather than B. because of C. as well as D. in case of 34. A. look after B. search for C. give up D. take away 35. A. likely B. ready C. difficult D. impossible 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述渴望飞翔的 Barrett 帮助跛脚的 Jacques 实现奔跑的心愿，诠释了真正的友谊在于付出而非缺憾的暖心故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他常常急切地想弄明白自己为什么不能飞——就连比他重的大鸟都能在天空中享受自由。A. quietly安静地；B. anxiously急切地，焦虑地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据前文“Little Barrett always wished he could fly like a bird”可知，Barrett一心渴望飞翔，因此会急切地探寻自己不能飞的原因。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的担忧与日俱增：“是不是我身上有什么问题，让我不能飞？”A. concern担忧，疑虑；B. joy快乐；C. anger愤怒；D. surprise惊讶。根据后文“Is there something wrong with me that stops me from flying?”可知，Barrett因找不到自己不能飞的原因而心生疑虑和担忧。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他甚至走几步都很困难，看到其他孩子跑跳欢笑时，常常感到身不由己。A. fun有趣的；B. easy容易的；C. tough艰难的；D. strange奇怪的。根据前文“Jacques, was crippled”可知，Jacques跛脚，所以走路对他来说是件艰难的事。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他甚至走几步都很困难，看到其他孩子跑跳欢笑时，常常感到身不由己。A. tired疲惫的；B. excited兴奋的；C. satisfied满意的；D. trapped受束缚的，身不由己的。根据前文“Another boy, Jacques, was crippled (跛脚的).”可知，Jacques因跛脚无法像其他孩子一样跑跳，看着别人的快乐，会觉得自己被身体状况束缚。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不喜欢独自坐着，希望能改善自己的状况，但却不知道该怎么做。A. start开始；B. prefer偏爱，喜欢；C. mind介意；D. avoid避免。根据后文“hoped to improve his situation”可知，Jacques不想一直处于独自坐着的状态。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“没有，”Jacques轻轻摇了摇头，“但我一直想知道自由奔跑是什么感觉。”A. doubted怀疑；B. decided决定；C. wondered想知道；D. feared害怕。Jacques因身体原因无法奔跑，所以内心一直对自由奔跑的感觉充满好奇，想一探究竟。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“没有，”Jacques轻轻摇了摇头，“但我一直想知道自由奔跑是什么感觉。”A. highly高度地；B. curiously好奇地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. freely自由地。结根据前文“run and laugh”的状态，以及Jacques跛脚的遗憾，可知他渴望的是无拘无束、自由的奔跑。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们一起开心地玩耍，搭了将近一个小时的小沙屋，直到Jacques的爸爸Wilson先生推着轮椅过来。A. since自从；B. until直到；C. while当……时；D. unless除非。根据语境，二人一起玩耍的动作持续到Jacques的爸爸到来才停止，until引导时间状语。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Barrett知道他的新朋友的心愿，便轻声向Wilson先生说了一个计划，Wilson先生同意了。A. sure确定的；B. tired疲惫的；C. proud骄傲的；D. aware知道的，意识到的。根据前文“He ran over and asked if Jacques had ever dreamed of flying.”以及“but I’ve always ____ what it’s like to run ____”可知，Jacques向Barrett倾诉想自由奔跑的心愿，可知Barrett清楚地知道对方的愿望。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Barrett知道他的新朋友的心愿，便轻声向Wilson先生说了一个计划，Wilson先生同意了。A. agreed同意；B. refused拒绝；C. promised承诺；D. acted行动。根据后文“Barrett knelt down, let Jacques climb on his back, and held Jacques’ legs to keep ____. Then he started running fast across the grass.”可知，Barrett背着Jacques奔跑的举动，所以Wilson先生认可并同意了这个计划。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Barrett跪下来，让Jacques爬到他背上，然后扶住Jacques的腿以保持平衡。A. weight重量；B. secret秘密；C. promise承诺；D. balance平衡。根据后文“held Jacques’ legs”可知，Barrett背着Jacques奔跑，扶住对方的腿是为了防止其摔落，保持身体的平衡。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其实，真正的友谊，根基在于我们能给予的东西，而非我们力所不能及的事。A. attracted吸引；B. spent花费；C. based以……为基础；D. put放置。真正的友谊，根基在于我们能给予的东西，而非我们力所不能及的事。be based on为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，此处表示友谊的根基所在，符合语境。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：其实，真正的友谊，根基在于我们能给予的东西，而非我们力所不能及的事。A. rather than而不是；B. because of因为；C. as well as也，和；D. in case of万一。前文“what we can't do”和后文“what we can give”形成对比，指友谊的根基是后者而非前者。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们不需要追寻完美的事物——小小的善意最有可能点亮一个人的一天。A. look after照顾；B. search for追寻，寻找；C. give up放弃；D. take away拿走。结合前文Barrett用简单的方式满足Jacques的心愿，可知文章想表达的是，温暖他人不必追求完美的形式，不必刻意寻找完美的事物。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不需要追寻完美的事物——小小的善意最有可能点亮一个人的一天。A. likely可能的；B. ready准备好的；C. difficult困难的；D. impossible不可能的。结合故事内容，Barrett的一个小小举动，就让Jacques感受到了奔跑的快乐，可知小小的善意往往能带来温暖，最有可能点亮他人的生活。故选A项。 五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou, a ______36______ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo on 30 December 1930. After graduating from Peking University Medical School, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. She joined a team of scientists ______37______ the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria in 1967. Two years later, she ______38______ (appoint) head of the project and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts ______39______ (find) traditional botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text from the fourth century suggested ______40______ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team did experiment after experiment and ______41______ (final) found a substance by lowering the temperature to draw out the extract. After many ______42______ (failure), they at last found artemisinin, ______43______ soon became a standard treatment for malaria. So far it ______44______ (save) hundreds of thousands of lives worldwide. For this, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. It is indeed ______45______ honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 【答案】36. committed 37. with 38. was appointed 39. to find 40. using 41. finally 42. failures 43. which 44. has saved 45. an 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了屠呦呦作为尽责耐心的科学家，带领团队致力于疟疾新疗法研究，历经无数失败后发现青蒿素、获颁诺贝尔奖，该成果为全球抗疟事业作出巨大贡献的事迹。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦是一位敬业且耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于宁波。此处修饰名词scientist，需要用形容词和patient并列作定语，commit的形容词形式committed意为“尽心尽力的、尽职的”。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：1967年，她加入了一支科学家团队，目标是发现一种新的疟疾治疗方法。固定搭配with the objective of...表示“以……为目标”，是常用介词短语。 【38题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：两年后，她被任命为该项目负责人，并决定查阅古代中医典籍，以寻找治疗该疾病的传统植物疗法。根据Two years later可知动作发生在过去，且she和appoint之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处用不定式作目的状语，说明查阅古代医学文献的目的。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：四世纪的一份医学文献建议使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。此处为固定用法suggest doing sth.，意为“建议做某事”，其后需要接动名词作宾语。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：屠呦呦的团队反复进行实验，最终通过降低温度提取提取物，发现了一种物质。此处修饰动词found，需要用副词作状语，final的副词形式finally意为“最终”。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：经过多次失败后，他们终于发现了青蒿素，它很快成为治疗疟疾的标准疗法。根据前面的many可知后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，failure在此处表示“失败的事例”，是可数名词，复数为failures。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词artemisinin指物，关系词在从句中作主语，只能用which引导。 【44题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：迄今为止，它已在全球挽救了数十万条生命。根据时间标志词So far可知，句子要用现在完成时，主语it是单数，对应现在完成时结构has done。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国的科学研究和中医药得以传播到世界各地，确实是一份荣耀。此处为固定句式it is an honour for...to do sth.，honour的发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。 46. 假定你是李华，在“世界环境日”到来之际，你校英文报将举办以“If the Earth Could Speak”为主题的英语征文活动。请你以地球的口吻写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括： 1. 对人类某些行为的感受； 2. 对人类的提醒和希望。 注意： 1. 词数80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A Cry from Mother Earth: Listen Up, Humans! Dear humans, I have watched over you for hundreds of thousands of years. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】(possible version) A Cry from Mother Earth: Listen Up, Humans! Dear humans, I have watched over you for hundreds of thousands of years. I have gifted you with fresh air, clean water, and fertile soil to sustain your being. But now, I am gasping for breath. Open your eyes! You cut down my forests, leaving numerous creatures homeless. You pour poison into the oceans, making the waters lifeless. You choke the skies with smog, turning my air harmful. I feel hurt, exhausted, and ignored. I still hope you will change from today. Plant trees, conserve water, and embrace clean energy. Only in this way, can you and I reestablish a shared world, where we can coexist in harmony. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。在“世界环境日”到来之际，你校英文报将举办以“If the Earth Could Speak”为主题的英语征文活动。请你以地球的口吻写一篇短文投稿 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 喘气：gasp→pant 许多的：numerous→many 节约：conserve→save 采用：embrace→adopt 2. 句式拓展 原句：You cut down my forests, leaving numerous creatures homeless. 拓展句：You cut down my forests , which leaves numerous creatures homeless. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】You cut down my forests, leaving numerous creatures homeless.（运用了现在分词短语作结果状语） 【高分句型 2】Only in this way, can you and I reestablish a shared world, where we can coexist in harmony.（运用了部分倒装结构 Only + 状语，以及 where 引导的定语从句） 七、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “What is your name? ” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English. For native speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce. My given name Qiuyu (秋雨), for instance, happened to be a great challenge for many of them. Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. After all, I did care about how others would think of me. I realized that if I didn’t stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. “It’s okay, professor,” I shrugged (耸肩). The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. After that incident, I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher.” Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain. However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. Standing up, I felt a mix of nervousness and excitement. “My name, Qiuyu, combines the characters for autumn and rain in Chinese,” I began, my voice steady. “Autumn represents harvest and maturity, while rain symbolizes nourishment and growth. Together, they embody a time of abundance and renewal.” As I spoke, I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates, their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect. It was a moment of connection, a bridge built between cultures through the simple act of sharing my name. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. They surrounded me, their questions pouring out like a stream. “What other names have beautiful meanings in Chinese?” “Can you teach us how to write our names in Chinese characters?” I smiled, feeling a warmth spread through me. I took out a piece of paper and began to sketch out characters, explaining each stroke and its significance. Through this interaction, I realized that by embracing my cultural identity, I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me. It was a small yet meaningful step towards fostering cultural understanding and appreciation. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者作为国际学生在爱尔兰因中文名字发音难而遭遇挑战，之后在一次课堂讨论中分享名字含义，意识到分享文化身份重要性，并借此与同学增进文化理解的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在课堂讨论中，我被邀请解释我名字的含义。”可知，第一段可描写作者在课堂讨论中解释自己名字的含义，并感受到同学们的专注和尊重，意识到这是一个文化交流的契机。 ②由第二段首句内容“我的许多同学都很感兴趣，下课后都来找我。”可知，第二段可描写课后同学们对作者名字背后的文化产生浓厚兴趣，纷纷提问，作者通过教他们写中文名字，进一步加深了彼此的文化理解和欣赏。 2.续写线索：课堂受邀请解释名字的含义——作者阐释名字的寓意——同学们专注倾听——同学们对名字背后的文化感兴趣——作者教他们写中文名字——感悟文化桥接 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①代表：represent/stand for ②解释：explain/illustrate ③保护：preserve/protect 情绪类 ①紧张：nervousness/tension ②兴奋：excitement/thrill 【点睛】【高分句型1】As I spoke, I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates, their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect.(运用了as引导的状语从句以及独立主格结构) 【高分句型2】Through this interaction, I realized that by embracing my cultural identity, I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和“not only...but also...”连接两个并列结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $