Unit 6 When disaster strikes 短语分类汇总 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语八年级上册Unit 6 "When disaster strikes"短语分类汇总清单，涵盖灾害相关基础短语、课文核心高频短语、语法配套短语等七大范畴，搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分层分类呈现知识体系，基础必背短语要求全员默写，核心短语标注考试出题源，语法配套适配过去进行时，易混难点拆解when/while等丢分点，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，助力分层突破，方便教师精准教学。

八年级英语上册Unit 6 When disaster strikes短语分类汇总 精华版 第一层级:基础必背短语(课本导入及对话基础;全员默写) 一、灾害相关基础名词短语 1. natural disaster 自然灾害 2. heavy rain 大雨 3. strong wind 大风 4. big fire 大火 5. heavy flood 严重洪水 6. thunder and lightning 雷电 7. heavy snow 大雪 8. dangerous situation 危险的处境 二、灾害发生时基础动作短语 1. happen suddenly 突然发生 2. take place 发生 3. run away quickly 迅速逃跑 4. stay safe 保证安全 5. keep calm 保持冷静 6. get away from danger 脱离危险 7. find a safe place 找到安全的地方 8. be in danger 处于危险之中 三、基础救助与感受短语 1. ask for help 寻求帮助 2. shout for help 大声呼救 3. feel afraid 感到害怕 4. feel shocked 感到震惊 5. give basic help 给予基础救助 6. keep away from risk 远离危险 第二层级:课文精读核心高频短语(Reading原文原生短语;考试核心出题源;重中之重) 一、灾难来临与现场情景(阅读主线素材,完形高频) 1. be caught in a storm 遭遇暴风雨 2. beat against the windows 拍打窗户 3. fall down 倒塌;坠落 4. come down 坍塌;掉落 5. wash away 冲走 6. in the middle of the rainstorm 在暴风雨当中 7. at the time of disaster 在灾难发生的时候 8. shake hard 剧烈摇晃 9. lose power 断电,失去电力 10. cover everything with water 被水淹没 二、避险自救的行动短语(单元阅读重点,考点密集) 1. protect oneself from harm 保护自己免受伤害 2. hide under something strong 躲在坚固物体下方 3. move to higher ground 转移到地势更高的地方 4. stay indoors 待在室内 5. get out of the building 离开建筑物 6. stay away from fallen wires 远离掉落的电线 7. cut off electricity 切断电源 8. close the windows tightly 紧闭窗户 三、灾后情况与救援帮扶(单元主旨考点) 1. suffer from the disaster 遭受灾难之苦 2. be homeless 无家可归 3. in great need of help 急需援助 4. provide support for survivors 为幸存者提供援助 5. give out food and water 分发食物和饮用水 6. raise money for disaster‑hit areas 为受灾地区筹款 7. rebuild homes 重建家园 8. get through the hard time 渡过艰难时期 第三层级:单元语法配套专属短语(适配过去进行时;when/while时间状语从句配套搭配) 一、过去进行时场景短语(描述灾难发生时,过去正在发生的动作) 1. was sleeping when the rain started 下雨的时候正在睡觉 2. were walking home when the wind blew hard 大风来袭时正步行回家 3. was reading while the storm was happening 暴风雨袭来时正在看书 4. were cooking when the power went off 断电的时候正在做饭 二、when / while 从句常用动词搭配 1. be doing sth when… 正在做某事,这时突然…… 2. while sb was doing sth 当某人正在做某事的时候 3. be in the middle of doing sth 正当做某事的过程中 三、介词+动名词易错搭配(语法填空丢分重灾区) 1. keep away from running water 远离流动的积水(from+doing) 2. think about protecting ourselves 思考如何保护自己(about+doing) 3. instead of running about in panic 而不是惊慌地四处乱跑 四、be + 形容词介词固定搭配 1. be afraid of heavy storms 害怕猛烈的暴风雨 2. be careful of falling objects 小心高空坠物 3. be ready for natural disasters 为自然灾害做好准备 第四层级:听力及口语场景短语(课本听说板块;防灾科普真实交际场景) 一、描述灾难事件 1. describe what happened 描述发生过的事情 2. retell the experience of a disaster 复述灾难经历 3. talk about signs of danger 谈论危险来临的征兆 4. report a sudden accident 报道突发事故 二、学习防灾自救知识 1. learn safety tips 学习安全小贴士 2. make safety rules for disasters 制定灾难避险守则 3. practise self‑protection skills 练习自我保护技能 4. give advice on staying safe 给出保证安全的建议 5. take part in safety training 参加安全演练 第五层级:写作满分万能短语(单元话题作文专用;提分明显) 一、灾难场景描写短语 1. hit the area heavily 重创该地区 2. bring great trouble to local people 给当地人带来巨大麻烦 3. cause great loss 造成巨大损失 4. change people’s daily life completely 彻底改变人们的日常生活 二、避险行动与社会救助提分短语 1. stay calm in face of danger 面对危险保持冷静 2. take correct steps to keep safe 采取正确步骤保障安全 3. offer a helping hand to people in trouble 向困境中的人们伸出援手 4. pull together to fight against disasters 齐心协力对抗灾害 三、作文结尾升华短语(贴合单元主题) 1. Being calm is the first rule of self‑protection 冷静是自我保护第一原则 2. Unity brings us strength in hard times 困境中团结给予我们力量 3. We should get prepared for unexpected disasters 我们应当为突发灾难做好准备 4. Love and care warm people after disasters 灾难过后关爱温暖人心 第六层级:单元易混难点精准拆解(八年级高频丢分点;难点分解) 1. when 与 while 辨析(单元核心语法) when:既可接短暂动作,也可接延续性动作;be doing sth when … 正在做某事,这时突然…… while:后面只能接延续进行的动作,多用进行时态,强调两个动作同时发生 I was reading when the storm came.(come短暂动词,只用when) While it was raining heavily, we stayed inside. 2. happen / take place 辨析 happen:多指突发、意外的事件(灾难、事故),无被动语态 take place:多指有计划、有安排的事件;二者均不能用于被动 A big flood happened last summer. was happened 3. fall down / come down / wash away fall down (建筑物)倒塌;人摔倒 come down 物体掉落、脱落 wash away 洪水把……冲走 4. in need of 固定搭配 in great need of sth 急需某物;great不可换成very;后面直接接名词 in great need of food in very need of food 5. provide 的两组必考结构 provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 provide sb sth(不能省略介词) 6. be caught in… 遭遇(风雨灾害) be caught in the storm 遭遇暴风雨;被动含义,固定介词用in,不用by。 第七层级:课内培优拓展短语(贴合教材,适配拔高题型) 1. face unexpected disasters 面对突如其来的灾难 2. reduce the loss from natural disasters 减少自然灾害带来的损失 3. raise people’s safety awareness 提升人们的安全防范意识 4. stay alert to possible risks 对潜在风险保持警惕 5. offer relief to disaster survivors 向受灾幸存者提供救济 6. overcome all kinds of difficulties 克服各种各样的困难 7. make good preparations for emergencies 为紧急状况做好充分准备 8. show the power of mutual help 展现互帮互助的力量 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $