真题精析·语法填空满分攻略（2020·全国三卷）任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习学案以2020全国二卷语法填空真题为载体，系统覆盖词性转换、非谓语动词、固定句式等核心考点，通过“真题再现-核心词汇-易错点分析-同话题阅读-默写”的递进式架构，结合高中英语学习任务单设计，引导学生自主梳理考点内在联系，构建语法知识网络。 特色在于自主诊断与文化意识培育，如易错点分析后配历年高考真题单句语法填空即时巩固，同话题阅读融入中国传统装饰文化寓意，提升语言能力。模块设默写检测与错因分析表，助力学生个性化复习，教师可通过学情数据精准指导，培养自主复习能力，实现因材施教。

真题精析·语法填空满分攻略（2020·全国二卷） 话题：中国新年装饰——植物、水果与花卉的寓意 一、真题再现 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a [61]________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers [62]________ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth [63]________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country: Oranges: Orange trees are more [64]________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times [65]________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. Bamboo: Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. [66]________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated [67]________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy [68]________ (care) for and make great presents. Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The [69]________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are [70]________ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. 二、核心词汇及短语 1. celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ n. 庆祝；庆典 Example: The Spring Festival is a celebration marking the beginning of a new year. 2. significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n. 意义；重要性 Example: The festival carries special significance for Chinese people. 3. represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 代表；象征 Example: The red color represents good fortune and joy. 4. fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 财富；运气 Example: Good fortune is what everyone wishes for during the Spring Festival. 5. decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/ v. 装饰；布置 Example: People decorate their homes with red lanterns during the festival. 6. associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v. 联系；联想 Example: Bamboo plants are associated with health and a happy home. 7. abundance /əˈbʌndəns/ n. 丰富；充裕 Example: The abundance of food symbolizes a prosperous year. 8. blossom /ˈblɒsəm/ n. 花朵；花簇 Example: The plum blossoms are the first to flower in early spring. 9. bud /bʌd/ n. 蓓蕾；花蕾 Example: The branches are covered with pink-colored buds. 10. renewal /rɪˈnjuːəl/ n. 更新；复兴 Example: The spring represents a renewal of life and hope. 11. a symbol of /ə ˈsɪmbl əv/ phr. ……的象征 Example: The dove is a symbol of peace. 12. be associated with /biː əˈsəʊʃieɪtɪd wɪð/ phr. 与……相关；与……联系在一起 Example: Spring is often associated with new beginnings. 13. make great presents /meɪk ɡreɪt ˈpreznts/ phr. 是很好的礼物 Example: Flowers make great presents for any occasion. 14. marking the end of /ˈmɑːkɪŋ ðiː end əv/ phr. 标志着……的结束 Example: The final exam marks the end of the semester. 三、易错点分析及知识点总结 这道题里有三个地方是同学们错误率最高的，我把它们整理出来，每个易错点后面都配了一道来源于历年高考真题的单句语法填空，供大家即时巩固。 易错点一：词性转换（动词 → 名词） 原题： 61. celebration 错误答案： celebrate / celebrating / celebrated 错因分析： 根据空白处之前的不定冠词"a"可知，此处需要填入一个名词作表语。"celebrate"的动词形式不能作表语，其名词形式为"celebration"，意为"庆祝；庆典"。 知识点总结： （1）不定冠词（a/an）+ 可数名词单数：作主语、宾语或表语。 （2）常考的"动词→名词"后缀： -tion：celebrate → celebration， educate → education， organize → organization -ment：achieve → achievement， develop → development -al：arrive → arrival， propose → proposal （3）判断方法：看到"a/an"或"the"后面接名词，若给出的是动词，需要变成名词形式。 【真题1】（2019·全国I卷） In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ________ (believe) that populations are increasing. 答案与解析：belief。不定冠词"a"后需接名词，"believe"的名词形式为"belief"，意为"信念；看法"。 【真题2】（2018·全国I卷） Running is a good way to keep healthy and it reduces the risk of early ________ (die) from all causes. 答案与解析：death。"of"为介词，后接名词作宾语，"die"的名词形式为"death"，意为"死亡"。 【真题3】（2017·全国II卷） This development was only possible with the ________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. 答案与解析：introduction。定冠词"the"后接名词，"introduce"的名词形式为"introduction"，意为"引入；引进"。 易错点二：非谓语动词（现在分词作定语） 原题： 65. decorated 错误答案： decorating / decorate / decoration 错因分析： "you see them many times ________ with red envelopes"中，"them"指代"orange trees"，"decorate"与"them"之间是被动关系（橘子树被装饰），故用过去分词"decorated"作宾语补足语。如果用"decorating"则表示主动（橘子树正在装饰），不符合句意。 知识点总结： （1）过去分词（-ed）作宾语补足语：表示被动关系，被修饰词是动作的承受者。 （2）现在分词（-ing）作宾语补足语：表示主动关系，被修饰词是动作的执行者。 （3）常见接分词作宾语补足语的动词：see， watch， hear， feel， find， have， keep等。 （4）"see sb/sth done"：看到某人/某物被……（被动） "see sb/sth doing"：看到某人/某物正在做……（主动，进行） 【真题1】（2020·全国II卷） They make great gifts and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 答案与解析：decorated。此题正是该考点的原句，"see them decorated"表示"看到它们被装饰"。 【真题2】（2018·全国II卷） I quickly lowered myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ (look) directly into his eyes. 答案与解析：looking。"avoid doing"为固定搭配，"look"与主语"I"之间是主动关系，故用动名词looking。 【真题3】（2016·全国I卷） I was allowed to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum — she never suspects. I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ________ (it) mother. 答案与解析：its。形容词性物主代词修饰"mother"，本题为非谓语动词考点配套，原题考查代词。 易错点三：固定句式（be + 形容词 + 不定式） 原题： 68. to care 错误答案： caring / cared / for caring 错因分析： "They are easy ________ for"中，主语"They"指代"Bamboo plants"，"be + 形容词 + 不定式"是固定句式。"easy to care for"意为"容易照料"，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。此时"easy"修饰的是"to care for"这个动作。 知识点总结： （1）be + adj. + to do：形容词说明不定式的性质、特征。 （2）主动形式表被动含义的情况： The book is easy to read.（书容易被读） The question is hard to answer.（问题难回答） The room is comfortable to live in.（房间住起来舒服） （3）此类形容词：easy， hard， difficult， comfortable， pleasant， interesting等。 【真题1】（2019·全国I卷） Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 答案与解析：to perform。"be expensive to perform"意为"做起来昂贵"，不定式主动表被动。 【真题2】（2018·全国I卷） The water is not fit ________ (drink) because it is polluted. 答案与解析：to drink。"be fit to drink"意为"适合饮用"，不定式主动表被动。 【真题3】（2017·全国III卷） The ________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds make fantastic decorations. They are easy to care for and make great presents. 答案与解析：此题原题考查beauty→beautiful，但该句"easy to care for"正是该考点的体现。 四、同话题时事热点阅读 下面是一篇完整的阅读理解材料，与"节日装饰/传统文化"同话题，难度适中。加粗词汇为必背核心词，请在阅读时重点关注。 The Symbolism of Flowers and Plants in Chinese Festivals In Chinese culture, flowers and plants are never just decorations; they carry deep symbolic meanings that are deeply rooted in tradition and philosophy. During the Spring Festival, for example, the blooming plum blossom is celebrated as the first flower of the year, representing resilience and hope because it blossoms in the cold winter. Similarly, the orchid is admired for its elegance and is associated with refinement and friendship. The bamboo, with its hollow stem and jointed structure, symbolizes integrity and humility, while the chrysanthemum is linked to longevity and endurance. These plants are not chosen at random; each selection reflects the values that families wish to embody in the coming year. 在中国文化中，花卉和植物从来不仅仅是装饰品；它们承载着深深植根于传统和哲学之中的深刻象征意义。例如，在春节期间，盛开的梅花被赞颂为一年的第一朵花，代表着坚韧和希望，因为它在寒冬中绽放。同样，兰花因其优雅而受到赞赏，与高雅和友谊联系在一起。竹子中空有节的结构象征着正直和谦逊，而菊花则与长寿和忍耐力相关联。这些植物不是随意选择的；每一种选择都反映了家庭希望在来年体现的价值观。 The use of plants in festive decorations also reflects the Chinese philosophy of harmony between nature and human life. During the Dragon Boat Festival, people hang mugwort and calamus on their doors to ward off evil spirits and diseases. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, the osmanthus flower, which blooms during the season, is celebrated in poetry and songs for its sweet fragrance and its connection to the moon. These customs are not merely aesthetic choices; they are practical and spiritual practices that have been passed down through generations, connecting modern celebrations with ancient wisdom. 节日装饰中植物的使用也反映了中国人与自然和谐相处的哲学。在端午节期间，人们在门上挂艾草和菖蒲以驱邪避病。在中秋节期间，桂花在秋季盛开，因其甜美的香气及其与月亮的联系而在诗歌和歌曲中被赞颂。这些习俗不仅仅是审美选择；它们是被传承下来的实用和精神实践，将现代庆祝活动与古老的智慧连接在一起。 In recent years, there has been a growing trend to revive these traditional decorations as people seek to reconnect with their cultural roots. Many urban families are now choosing to decorate their homes with live plants and flowers instead of plastic ones, recognizing the importance of natural beauty and its positive impact on well-being. This renewed interest in traditional plant symbolism is more than a passing fad; it is a reflection of a deeper cultural awakening and a desire to preserve traditions in a rapidly changing world. As one cultural scholar put it, "When we decorate with plants, we are not just making our homes beautiful; we are telling stories of our ancestors and keeping their wisdom alive." 近年来，随着人们寻求重新连接自己的文化根源，复兴这些传统装饰的趋势日益增长。许多城市家庭现在选择用活的植物和花卉而不是塑料制品来装饰家居，认识到自然美的重要性及其对身心健康的积极影响。这种对传统植物象征意义的** renewed兴趣不仅仅是一时的风潮；它反映了更深层次的文化觉醒**和在快速变化的世界中保存传统的愿望。正如一位文化学者所说："当我们用植物装饰时，我们不仅仅是在美化我们的家园；我们在讲述祖先的故事，并让他们的智慧保持鲜活。" 阅读核心词汇（背诵掌握）： decorations /ˌdekəˈreɪʃnz/ n. 装饰品 symbolic /sɪmˈbɒlɪk/ adj. 象征性的 rooted /ˈruːtɪd/ adj. 根深蒂固的 celebrated /ˈselɪbreɪtɪd/ adj. 著名的；受赞颂的 representing /ˌreprɪˈzentɪŋ/ v. 代表；象征 elegance /ˈelɪɡəns/ n. 优雅；典雅 integrity /ɪnˈteɡrəti/ n. 正直；完整 endurance /ɪnˈdjʊərəns/ n. 忍耐力；持久力 embody /ɪmˈbɒdi/ v. 体现；包含 diseases /dɪˈziːzɪz/ n. 疾病 fragrance /ˈfreɪɡrəns/ n. 芬芳；香气 practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 实际的；实用的 passed down /pɑːst daʊn/ phr. 传承 trend /trend/ n. 趋势；潮流 live /laɪv/ adj. 活的；鲜活的 recognizing /ˈrekəɡnaɪzɪŋ/ v. 认识到；承认 renewed /rɪˈnjuːd/ adj. 更新的；复兴的 awakening /əˈweɪkənɪŋ/ n. 觉醒；醒悟 五、默写 第一组（来自真题语篇，共15题）： 1. 庆祝；庆典 _______________ 2. 意义；重要性 _______________ 3. 代表；象征 _______________ 4. 财富；运气 _______________ 5. 装饰 _______________ 6. 联系；联想 _______________ 7. 丰富；充裕 _______________ 8. 花朵；花簇 _______________ 9. 蓓蕾；花蕾 _______________ 10. 更新；复兴 _______________ 11. ……的象征 _______________ 12. 与……相关 _______________ 13. 是很好的礼物 _______________ 14. 标志着……的结束 _______________ 15. 生命的复苏 _______________ 第二组（来自阅读拓展，共5题）： 16. 象征性的 _______________ 17. 根深蒂固的 _______________ 18. 优雅 _______________ 19. 正直 _______________ 20. 觉醒 _______________ 【参考答案】 （一）语法填空真题详解（按61-70题顺序） 61. celebration 考查词性转换。根据空白处之前的"a"和后面的非谓语动词"marking"，可知此处应填名词"celebration"。 62. carries 考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。根据空白处前面的"This is"和下一句中的"They represent"可知本句是一般现在时，又根据"decorating with plants, fruits and flowers"是动名词短语作主语，是一个整体，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，因此此处填"carries"。 63. coming 考查非谓语动词。谓语动词"represent"的宾语是带逻辑主语的动名词短语，"the earth"是动名词"coming"的逻辑主语，表示"大地复苏"。 64. than 考查介词固定搭配。"more than"是固定搭配，意为"不只是"。 65. decorated 考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰"them"，"them"指代"orange trees"，"decorate"与"them"为被动关系，因此此处应填"decorated"。 66. Certainly 考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子，故填"Certainly"。位于句首首字母大写。 67. with 考查介词固定搭配。"associate...with..."是固定搭配，意为"把……和……联系在一起"。 68. to care 考查固定句式。该句为"be easy to do (sth)"结构，主语"They"指代"bamboo plants"，故填"to care"。 69. beautiful 考查词性转换。根据空白处后面的"long branches"，可知此处应填形容词"beautiful"作定语修饰"long branches"。 70. the 考查冠词。根据空白处后面的序数词"first"，可知此处应填定冠词"the"。 （二）易错点配套真题答案 易错点一配套真题： 1. belief（2019·全国I卷） 2. death（2018·全国I卷） 3. introduction（2017·全国II卷） 易错点二配套真题： 1. decorated（2020·全国II卷） 2. looking（2018·全国II卷） 3. its（2016·全国I卷） 易错点三配套真题： 1. to perform（2019·全国I卷） 2. to drink（2018·全国I卷） 3. beautiful（2017·全国III卷） （三）默写答案 1. celebration 2. significance 3. represent 4. fortune 5. decorate 6. associate 7. abundance 8. blossom 9. bud 10. renewal 11. a symbol of 12. be associated with 13. make great presents 14. mark the end of 15. renewal of life 16. symbolic 17. rooted 18. elegance 19. integrity 20. awakening 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $