完形填空+语法填空仿真练习2-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦完形填空与语法填空仿真训练，通过语境逻辑分析与语法规则应用，系统提升语言理解与表达能力，强化思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|5篇（成长/科技等主题）|语境分析、固定搭配（如be fitted with）、词义辨析（如retrieved/recovered）|从语篇理解到词汇选择，逻辑链为“上下文暗示→词义匹配”| |语法填空|5篇（文化/环境等主题）|非谓语动词、时态、冠词/介词应用规则|按语法点分类，规则推导为“提示词特征→语法功能判断”|

完形填空+语法填空仿真练习1 第一部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was born missing my left arm. Though there was ____1____ I couldn’t physically do, it felt like an obvious inadequacy in a world obsessed with perfection. At 18 months, I was ____2____ with a prosthetic arm—a decision made by my parents so that I would “develop normally.” But there was nothing empowering about forcing a small child to wear something heavy and often ____3____. I spent my childhood trying to ____4____. I wore long sleeves and did everything to become invisible, ashamed of the stares and ____5____ from classmates. By age eight, I had almost no self-confidence. The artificial arm only made it harder to fit in, so I decided I was better ____6____ without one. I didn’t need anyone to fix me—because I wasn’t broken. The clearest way to show I wouldn’t be limited by my ____7____ was through sport. I fell in love with swimming and the ____8____ of moving through water. At 13 I was chosen for the Australian team and ____9____ my country for eight years, even reaching the 2004 Paralympics. I realized I had made a name for myself because of my disability—not ____10____ it. So when a company developing advanced bionic hands contacted me in 2021, I was surprised. They asked me to try one and become a ____11____ for other users. At first I said no. Then ____12____ got the better of me. For years I had watched how new technology helped people like me show their artificial limbs without ____13____. Society was starting to see the person first, and the disability ____14____. That gave me the ____15____ to say yes. 1. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 2. A. equipped B. fitted C. supplied D. provided 3. A. useless B. strange C. broken D. painful 4. A. compete B. complain C. conform D. compare 5. A. praise B. cheers C. support D. teasing 6. A. off B. up C. out D. away 7. A. frightened B. limited C. surprised D. attracted 8. A. speed B. danger C. difficulty D. freedom 9. A. joined B. represented C. served D. supported 10. A. instead of B. because of C. in spite of D. apart from 11. A. model B. patient C. advocate D. example 12. A. curiosity B. courage C. pride D. fear 13. A. excuse B. shame C. doubt D. delay 14. A. first B. least C. most D. second 15. A. chance B. right C. reason D. courage 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Rise of AI and the Decline of Truth Generative artificial intelligence is now capable of creating fake pictures, clones of our voices, and even videos depicting and distorting world events. The result is that, from our personal circles to political circuses, everyone must now question ____1____ what they see and hear is true. We have long been warned about the potential of social media ____2____ (distort) our view of the world, and now there is the potential for more false and misleading information to spread on social media than ever before. Just as importantly, ____3____ (expose) to AI-generated fakes can make us question the ____4____ (authentic) of everything we see. Real images and real recordings can be dismissed as fake. Examples of misleading content that generative AI ____5____ (create) are not hard to come by, especially on social media. One widely circulated fake image of Israelis lining the streets in support of their country has many of the hallmarks of being AI-generated, such as ____6____ (nature) distorted bodies and limbs. ____7____ (distort) signs are easy to miss for a user simply scrolling past, and as generative AI continues to improve, it is likely that such signs will be harder to spot in the future. While these are malicious examples, companies like Alphabet, the parent company of Google, are trying to spin the ____8____ (alter) of personal images as a good thing. With its latest Pixel phone, the company unveiled a suite of new and upgraded tools that can automatically replace a person’s face in one image ____9____ their face from another, or quickly remove someone from ____10____ photo entirely. 答案与解析 第一节 完形填空 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D 【导语】这是一篇第一人称的成长故事。主人公天生少了左臂，小时候因为外形自卑，不肯戴假臂；后来在游泳里找回了自信，还代表国家参加了残奥会。成年后，一家做仿生手的公司找她试用，她一开始拒绝，后来好奇心占了上风，最终接纳了真实的自己。 【1题】这句话说“虽然没有我身体上做不到的事”。nothing 表示“没有什么”，最符合——后文提到“it felt like an obvious inadequacy”，说的是心理上的落差，实际能力并不缺，所以选 nothing。anything、something、everything 放这里都不顺。 【2题】“18个月大时，我被装上了假臂。” be fitted with 是固定说法，表示“装上”，和后面的 prosthetic arm、artificial arm 都能呼应，所以选 fitted。equipped 装备、supplied 供应、provided 提供，都不如它贴切。 【3题】“强迫小孩戴沉重又常常____的东西，一点都谈不上赋能。” painful 疼痛的，和 heavy 一起解释了她为什么抗拒，符合语境。useless 没用的、strange 奇怪的、broken 坏掉的，都不如 painful 自然。 【4题】“整个童年我都在努力去____。” conform 是“顺从、融入”的意思，和后文 fit in、blend in 一致——她想变得和别人一样。compete 竞争、complain 抱怨、compare 比较，意思都不对。 【5题】“因为同学的目光和____而羞愧。” teasing 取笑，和 stares 并列，写出被同学议论的氛围。praise 表扬、cheers 欢呼、support 支持，都是正面词，和 ashamed 矛盾。 【6题】“我认定没有它反而更好。” better off 是英语里常用的说法，表示“境况更好”，所以选 off。up、out、away 都不和 better 构成这个意思。 【7题】“证明我不会被我的____限制。” limited 限制，和首段 inadequacy、disabled 呼应——她要说的是自己没被缺陷困住。frightened 害怕、surprised 惊讶、attracted 吸引，都不搭。 【8题】“爱上游泳，也爱上在水里移动的____。” freedom 自由，呼应后文“made a name for myself”那种释然。speed、danger、difficulty 都不如 freedom 贴合她找回自我的感受。 【9题】“13岁入选国家队，____国家八年。” represent one’s country 是课本里的常用搭配，表示“代表国家”，所以选 represented。joined、served、supported 都没 represent 准确。 【10题】“我是因为残疾出了名，而不是____它。” in spite of 尽管，not in spite of it 和前面的 because of 形成对照——她不是不顾残疾，而是带着残疾发光。instead of 代替、because of 因为、apart from 除…外；because of 放在这里意思正好反了。 【11题】“请我试用，做其他使用者的____。” advocate 倡导者、代言人，和前文 patient advocate 呼应。model 模特、patient 病人、example 榜样，都不如 advocate 准确。 【12题】“后来____占了上风。” curiosity got the better of me 是原文里的说法，表示“好奇心占了上风”，推动情节转折。courage 勇气、pride 骄傲、fear 恐惧，都是情绪类词，但原文用的就是 curiosity。 【13题】“坦然展示义肢，不再觉得____。” shame 羞耻，呼应前文 ashamed、embarrassed 那种释然。excuse 借口、doubt 怀疑、delay 延误，都不对。 【14题】“社会开始先看人，把残疾放在第____。” second，和 first 构成“person first, disability second”——先看人，再看残疾。first 容易让人误选，但这里要的是“第二”。least、most 都不对。 【15题】“这给了我点头的____。” courage 勇气，写尽了她从抗拒到接纳的转变——她终于有勇气说 yes。chance 机会、right 权利、reason 理由，意思接近，但 courage 最贴合“由怕到敢”这一步。 第二节 语法填空 【答案】1. whether 2. to distort 3. Exposed 4. authenticity 5. creates 6. naturally 7. distorted 8. altering 9. with 10. a 【1题】名词性从句（无提示词）。question后接whether引导的宾语从句，whether意为“是否”，不可省略。 【2题】非谓语动词（不定式）。the potential to do sth. 为固定结构，distort用不定式 to distort。 【3题】非谓语动词（过去分词）。be exposed to为固定搭配，expose与主语（隐含we）为被动，句首作状语用 Exposed。 【4题】名词（词性转换）。定冠词the后接名词，authentic的名词为 authenticity。 【5题】谓语动词（时态）。that引导定语从句修饰content，主语generative AI为单数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，create用主动形式 creates。 【6题】副词（词性转换）。修饰过去分词distorted，nature的副词为 naturally。 【7题】形容词（词性转换）。修饰名词signs，distort的形容词为 distorted。 【8题】非谓语动词（动名词）。spin the altering of personal images，alter作介词of的宾语用动名词 altering。 【9题】介词（无提示词）。replace A with B为固定搭配，意为“用B替换A”，填 with。 【10题】冠词（无提示词）。photo首次泛指“一张照片”，用不定冠词 a。 完形填空+语法填空仿真练习2 第一部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My gran has a new smartphone, and I am trying to help her navigate it. She doesn’t see the point. She calls it “malevolent and sneaky” because things on the screen disappear and can’t be ____1____. Her old “dumbphone” was more reliable. Even though I’m a tech-savvy 24-year-old, I understand her completely—because I also went ____2____ a smartphone for a whole decade, from 2010 to 2020.. Back in 2010, only a few kids in my year had smartphones and were treated like ____3____. But within a couple of years they became the norm. I still ____4____ with my brick phone and became the odd one out. I couldn’t take photos or use revision apps. By sixth form, people openly ____5____ how strange it was that I still had a Nokia. At least it was a good conversation starter, and it had practical ____6____. I never worried about it being stolen, the battery lasted three days, and when I dropped it I could simply ____7____ the pieces. On nights out, no tickets, no maps—I was just a ____8____ spirit. But there were ____9____ too: I couldn’t get messages from people without my number, and navigation needed careful planning. Against all odds, I ____10____ along like this for years. But by 2020 the world had changed so much that life without a smartphone became ____11____. Universities now require students to download an app just to check emails. That ____12____ makes owning a smartphone necessary. So in my final year, encouraged by my mum, I ____13____ and bought one. I finally understood what my gran meant—yet I still ____14____ the simple freedom of those ____15____ years. 1. A. retrieved B. recovered C. repaired D. replaced 2. A. through B. after C. without D. beyond 3. A. heroes B. leaders C. experts D. celebrities 4. A. kept B. stuck C. stayed D. held 5. A. commented B. noticed C. asked D. wondered 6. A. uses B. effects C. advantages D. results 7. A. gather B. collect C. join D. click 8. A. free B. wild C. lone D. calm 9. A. risks B. negatives C. losses D. mistakes 10. A. muddled B. got C. went D. moved 11. A. impossible B. difficult C. untenable D. unusual 12. A. still B. just C. even D. alone 13. A. agreed B. caved C. yielded D. decided 14. A. missed B. remembered C. regretted D. doubted 15. A. early B. quiet C. free D. lost 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Is Plant Communication Real? If you have ever caught a delicious whiff of freshly cut grass, you have communicated with a plant. Those blades of grass are actually crying for help and ____1____ (warn) of potential danger. A growing body of research shows that when plants ____2____ (suffer) damage, they emit airborne chemicals. Scientists have long pondered the question of ____3____ — and how — plants communicate. For years, the topic sparked controversy. Pseudoscientific books like 1973’s The Secret Life of Plants seemingly undermined the credibility of early research by suggesting that plants thrive if you, say, sing or play classical music. Such statements were later ____4____ (debunk): any empirical evidence that music helps plants grow is flimsy at best. Still, researchers remain adamant that there is ____5____ sort of communication going on between plants — and between plants and animals. Perhaps because scientists are still learning about the process, plant communication is a ____6____ (perplex) topic. What we do know is that plants have a wide range of ____7____ (mechanism) for communicating with each other and their surroundings. When a plant sends out airborne chemicals in response ____8____ a perceived threat, other sensitive leaves on that same plant — as well as the leaves of their neighbors — perceive those signals and ____9____ (rely) increase their own defenses. Karban’s research, for instance, shows that sagebrush plants sound the alarm when they are attacked by pests, so that other sagebrush can respond to the information in order ____10____ (protect) themselves. 答案与解析 第一节 完形填空 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【导语】这是一篇第一人称叙事。“我”是个Z世代，却整整十年不用智能手机；帮奶奶学智能手机时，反而特别能理解她。文章从“格格不入的砖头机少年”写到2020年被迫“投降”买了一部智能机，最后还有点怀念那段简单自由的日子。 【1题】“屏幕上的东西消失了，还____不回来。” retrieved 找回，和 disappear 正好相反，所以选 retrieved。recovered 恢复、repaired 修理、replaced 更换，都是功能上的干扰，但原文要的是“找不回来”。 【2题】“我也曾整整十年____智能手机。” go without 是固定短语，表示“没有…也过”，是全文的主线，所以选 without。through、after、beyond 都不和 go 构成这个意思。 【3题】“当时有手机的孩子被当成____。” celebrities 名人，和后文 the norm、odd one out 形成对照——有手机的孩子显得很特别。heroes 英雄、leaders 领袖、experts 专家，意思接近，但不如 celebrities 准确。 【4题】“我仍____用我的砖头机。” stick with 是固定搭配，表示“坚持用”，所以选 stuck。kept 保持、stayed 停留、held 持有，意思接近，但 stick with 最自然。 【5题】“同学公开____我还用诺基亚很怪。” comment on 是“评论”的意思，和 strange how…搭得自然，所以选 commented。noticed 注意到、asked 询问、wondered 想知道，接 how 都略显生硬。 【6题】“砖头机也有实用的____。” advantages 好处，和后文 practical advantages 原词复现，所以选 advantages。uses 用途、effects 影响、results 结果，意思接近，但 advantages 最准。 【7题】“摔了就把零件____回去。” click the pieces 和原文“pick up the pieces, click them back”呼应，表示咔哒拼回去，所以选 click。gather 聚集、collect 收集、join 连接，都不如 click 形象。 【8题】“我不过是个____精灵。” free spirit 是固定表达，表示“自由自在的人”，和全文 simple freedom 的主题呼应，所以选 free。wild 野性的、lone 孤独的、calm 平静的，意思都不如 free 贴合。 【9题】“但也有____。” negatives 负面之处，和上文 advantages 用 but 一转，所以选 negatives。risks 风险、losses 损失、mistakes 错误，意思接近，但这里说的是“不好的一面”。 【10题】“我竟这样____了多年。” muddle along 是原文里的说法，表示“凑合着过”，所以选 muddled。got、went 是弱干扰，放在这里意思不完整。 【11题】“没智能手机的生活变得____。” untenable 难以维持的，准确写出“社会逼着你必须有一部”的那种无奈，所以选 untenable。impossible 不可能、difficult 困难、unusual 不寻常，意思接近，但 untenable 最到位。 【12题】“仅此一点就使智能机成为必需。” that alone 是固定表达，表示“仅凭此”，所以选 alone。still 仍然、just 仅仅、even 甚至，意思接近，但 that alone 是固定搭配。 【13题】“受妈妈鼓励，我____买了一部。” cave (in) 是“屈服、妥协”的意思，和上文 against all odds 一起写出“被迫就范”的情绪，所以选 caved。agreed 同意放在这里意思正好反了——她本来是不愿意的。 【14题】“我仍____那些年的简单自由。” missed 怀念，写出她从“自由精灵”到“被迫妥协”之后的留恋，所以选 missed。remembered 记得、regretted 后悔、doubted 怀疑，都不如 missed 贴合。 【15题】“怀念那些____之年。” free 自由，和前文 free spirit 主题呼应，所以选 free。early 早的、quiet 安静的、lost 失去的，意思接近，但 free 最扣题。 第二节 语法填空 【答案】1. warning 2. suffer 3. whether 4. debunked 5. a 6. perplexing 7. mechanisms 8. to 9. reliably 10. to 【1题】非谓语动词（现在分词）。crying for help and warning of danger为并列现在分词作伴随状语，warn用 warning。 【2题】when 引导的时间状语从句中，plants 与 suffer 是主动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，所以填 suffer。 【3题】名词性从句（无提示词）。the question of whether ... and how ... 中whether与how并列，意为“是否”，填 whether。 【4题】非谓语动词（过去分词）。such statements与debunk为被动，be later debunked用过去分词 debunked。 【5题】冠词（无提示词）。there is a sort of ... 表“一种……”，sort首次泛指用不定冠词 a。 【6题】形容词（词性转换）。修饰名词topic，perplex的形容词为 perplexing。 【7题】名词复数（词性转换）。a wide range of后接名词复数，mechanism变为 mechanisms。 【8题】介词（无提示词）。in response to为固定短语，意为“对……的反应”，填 to。 【9题】副词（词性转换）。修饰动词increase，rely的副词为 reliably。 【10题】非谓语动词（不定式）。in order to do sth. 表目的，protect用不定式 to protect。 完形填空+语法填空仿真练习3 第一部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Since I moved to the U.S., I have missed the online shopping I enjoyed in China, especially on Taobao. There I could find almost anything at a ____1____ price than in physical stores. Before leaving in 2018, I bought five phone cases there, knowing small items cost far more across the Pacific. I was not wrong—I paid about $15 ____2____, shipping included, while in the U.S. the same would easily cost $50. Saying goodbye to Taobao was hard, but I had to ____3____ the new reality: things cost more, choice is limited, and delivery is slow. Taobao is one of several successes from Chinese e-commerce giants who ____4____ low manufacturing costs with fast tech innovation. As a result, e-commerce has become a huge market ____5____ by China, and many ask whether the U.S. will ever catch up. Then the ____6____ of Shein changed things. Founded in China in 2008, the platform grew popular worldwide. “Shein hauls”—boxes filled with dozens of cheap clothes—took ____7____ social media. The ____8____ between the pile of clothes and the low price makes a perfect spectacle. I placed my first Shein ____9____ in 2021 after a friend said it “felt just like Taobao.” I bought six phone cases for $12.50. For Chinese immigrants like me, shopping on Shein is like a small taste of Taobao; it brings a sense of the ____10____. But as the novelty wore off, I began to ____11____ myself: did I really need so many cases? To be fair, some purchases brought me joy. Yet I started to see the ____12____ of such platforms—to get a few good deals, you end up buying far too much. That ____13____ made me rethink what “convenient” really means, and I now shop with more ____14____. In the end, a little nostalgia is fine, but ____15____ is better than waste. 1. A. higher B. fairer C. lower D. firmer 2. A. alone B. total C. net D. outright 3. A. face B. admit C. bear D. embrace 4. A. combine B. compare C. compete D. connect 5. A. dominated B. owned C. led D. driven 6. A. arrival B. entry C. emergence D. launch 7. A. over B. up C. on D. in 8. A. discrepancy B. distinction C. contradiction D. contrast 9. A. order B. purchase C. booking D. bid 10. A. home B. comfort C. familiar D. known 11. A. question B. ask C. convince D. remind 12. A. drawback B. defect C. deficiency D. downside 13. A. realization B. awareness C. revelation D. reflection 14. A. caution B. concern C. care D. consideration 15. A. quality B. moderation C. value D. restraint 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Einstein’s Oxford Years Long overlooked by biographers, Albert Einstein’s time at the renowned British university — and his reasons for leaving — are worth revisiting. British physics held ____1____ special place in the mind and heart of Einstein, who hung the portraits of only three scientists on the wall of his apartment in Berlin. ____2____ (accept) a professorship at the newly founded Institute for Advanced Study, he stayed in Princeton until his death in 1955. The reasons for his surprising move to a place where he ____3____ (live) only briefly in 1921 are complex and interrelated. They involve scientific research, institutional attitudes, the Nazi threat, and his solitary personality, plus a generous salary ____4____ (offer). No wonder, then, that Einstein accepted an invitation to visit Oxford in May 1931, ____5____ (give) public lectures on physics, receive an honorary doctorate ____6____ the university, and reside in one of its colleges. Undoubtedly, Oxford’s dearth of major theoretical physicists was ____7____ (disappoint) to him. Yet none of these drawbacks would have prevented Einstein from ____8____ (settle) in Oxford as a comfortable base. His friend Max Born, for example, was a fellow German refugee ____9____ moved to Cambridge and later Edinburgh. ____10____ (additional), the distinguished philosopher Isaiah Berlin noted that remoteness is a genuine ingredient of certain types of genius. 答案与解析 第一节 完形填空 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【导语】这是一篇第一人称的文化消费叙事。移居美国后，她很怀念在淘宝上买东西的便宜和方便；后来中国跨境电商 Shein 让她重新有了那种“熟悉感”，但热潮退去，她也开始反思自己是不是买太多了。文章里带了中国元素（淘宝、Shein）。 【1题】“在淘宝上，价格比实体店____。” lower 更低，和后文 cost far more 形成对比，所以选 lower。higher 更高放在这里意思正好反了；fairer 更公平、firmer 更稳定，都不如 lower 准确。 【2题】“运费在内，总共付了约15美元。” $15 total 表示“总计”，呼应 including shipping，所以选 total。alone 独自、net 净、outright 一次性，意思接近，但 total 最自然。 【3题】“我得____这个新现实。” embrace 这里有“接纳、拥抱”的意思，比 accept 更显高三词汇量，推动“妥协”这条线，所以选 embrace。face 面对、admit 承认、bear 忍受，意思接近，但 embrace 最到位。 【4题】“中国电商巨头把低制造成本和快速技术创新____起来。” combine…with 是原文短语，表示“结合”，所以选 combine。compare 比较、compete 竞争、connect 连接，都是形近干扰。 【5题】“电商成了一个由____引领的巨大市场。” led by China 和原文一致，表示“由中国引领”，所以选 led。dominated 主导、owned 拥有、driven 驱动，意思接近，但 led 最贴合原文。 【6题】“Shein 的____改变了格局。” the entry of Shein 是原文说法，表示“Shein 进入市场”，引出现实转折，所以选 entry。arrival 到来、emergence 出现、launch 推出，意思都接近“登场”，但 entry 最准。 【7题】“Shein hauls”——成箱便宜衣服——____了社交媒体。take over 这里是“风靡、刷屏”的意思，所以选 over。take up 占据、take on 承担、take in 吸收，都不如 take over 贴合“火遍社交平台”的语境。 【8题】“成堆衣服和低价的____成了一道奇观。” contrast 反差，和原文 sheer contrast 原词复现，所以选 contrast。discrepancy 差异、distinction 区别、contradiction 矛盾，意思接近，但 contrast 最贴。 【9题】“我下了第一单 Shein。” place an order 是固定搭配，表示“下单”，所以选 order。purchase 购买、booking 预订、bid 出价，都能和 place 搭配，但 order 最常用。 【10题】“带来一种____感。” the familiar 和原文“surrounded by the familiar”呼应，表示“熟悉感”，所以选 familiar。home 家、comfort 安慰、known 已知事物，意思接近，但 familiar 最扣题。 【11题】“我开始____自己。” ask oneself 是原文短语，表示“问自己”，写反思，所以选 ask。question 质疑、convince 说服、remind 提醒，都是反身动词，但 ask 最自然。 【12题】“看到这类平台的____。” downside 弊端，和原文“downside of Shein-like platforms”呼应，所以选 downside。drawback 缺点、defect 缺陷、deficiency 不足，意思接近，但 downside 最准。 【13题】“那次____让我重想“方便”到底是什么意思。” realization 醒悟，写她从沉迷到清醒这一步，所以选 realization。awareness 意识、revelation 揭示、reflection 反思，意思接近，但 realization 最贴。 【14题】“如今我更____地购物。” shop with care 表示“更用心地买”，呼应她学会克制这条线，所以选 care。caution 谨慎、concern 关切、consideration 考量，意思接近，但 care 最自然。 【15题】“适度胜于浪费。” moderation is better than waste，正好点出“少买不浪费”的意思，所以选 moderation（moderation 这里表示“适度”）。quality 质量、value 价值、restraint 克制，意思接近，但 moderation 最扣题。 第二节 语法填空 【答案】1. a 2. Having accepted 3. had lived 4. offer 5. to 6. from 7. disappointing 8. settling 9. who 10. Additionally 【1题】冠词（无提示词）。hold a special place in ... 为固定表达，意为“在……占有特殊地位”，填 a。 【2题】非谓语动词（现在分词的完成式）。Having accepted a professorship ... 作时间状语，accept发生在stayed之前且为主动，用 Having accepted。 【3题】谓语动词（时态）。where引导定语从句修饰a place，live发生在1921年（过去），强调“曾短暂居住”用过去式 had lived / lived。 【4题】名词（词性转换）。形容词generous修饰名词，offer由动词转为名词“提议/待遇”。 【5题】非谓语动词（不定式）。an invitation to do sth. 固定结构，give用不定式 to give。 【6题】介词（无提示词）。receive an honorary doctorate from ... 意为“获……授予荣誉博士”，填 from。 【7题】形容词（词性转换）。作表语，disappoint的形容词 disappointing 表示“令人失望的”。 【8题】非谓语动词（动名词）。prevent sb from doing sth. 为固定搭配，settle用动名词 settling。 【9题】定语从句（无提示词）。先行词 a fellow German refugee 在从句中作主语，填关系代词 who。 【10题】副词（词性转换）。修饰整个句子，additional的副词为 Additionally。 完形填空+语法填空仿真练习4 第一部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 If I asked you to describe your relationship with your phone, what would you say? For many of us, the word “addiction” would ____1____ up. We who use digital technology ____2____ believe we have overdone it, and that feels bad. But does this mean we are truly ____3____ to our screens? For most users, the answer is no—at least not in a medical ____4____, since there is no formal test for digital addiction. Studies that try to ____5____ people this way have basic flaws. In 2020, researchers built an “offline-friend addiction questionnaire” and gave it to 800 people, using the same ____6____ other studies use. They found 69% could be “diagnosed” as addicted to spending time with friends. The ____7____ wasn’t to start a panic about friendship. It was to show how easy it is to ____8____ a normal habit as an addiction. The idea of being addicted to friendship is clearly ____9____. But swap in “social media” and that is what much research does. We keep ____10____ people’s worry about an activity with the idea that it can become addictive. This leads to the belief that the activity is ____11____ harmful. It is true we can develop bad ____12____ with technology. But stuck in an “addiction” mindset, we find it hard to discuss the ____13____ sides of using it. There is no simple fix, yet new research suggests we should ____14____ our screen time as something to manage, not fear. In the end, a short ____15____ from the phone may help more than a strict detox. 1. A. crop B. surface C. emerge D. arise 2. A. simply B. genuinely C. merely D. nearly 3. A. used B. drawn C. addicted D. tied 4. A. way B. term C. field D. sense 5. A. classify B. count C. treat D. name 6. A. method B. criteria C. rule D. theory 7. A. study B. result C. point D. aim 8. A. see B. treat C. mark D. label 9. A. ridiculous B. absurd C. questionable D. plausible 10. A. adding B. mixing C. putting D. taking 11. A. clearly B. finally C. naturally D. deeply 12. A. ties B. links C. issues D. habits 13. A. positive B. real C. main D. other 14. A. regard B. view C. treat D. label 15. A. rest B. move C. break D. step 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Character Amnesia in China During a visit to Beijing many years ago, I was having lunch with three PhD students in the Chinese Department at Peking University. All of ____1____ were native speakers of Chinese, and I happened to have a cold that day and was trying to write a brief note to a friend to cancel an appointment that afternoon. I found that I could not recall how to write the Chinese characters for the word "sneeze". I asked my three friends ____2____ (write) the characters for me and, to my surprise, none of them could produce the characters correctly. This was my first encounter with an increasingly ____3____ (spread) phenomenon in China ____4____ (know) as "character amnesia". Chinese people, even the well-educated, are forgetting how to write common characters. What is the ____5____ (explain) for this peculiar problem? By ____6____ turn of the twenty-first century, the birth of the internet and the new digitised information environment ____7____ (bring) both challenges and breakthroughs. Thanks to the exponential growth of computer memory, Chinese word processing had become routine and user-friendly. The standard QWERTY keyboard could now accommodate not only Pinyin entry, but also a host of other entry systems, allowing Chinese characters to take their place ____8____ (comfortable) alongside the alphabet in cyberspace. Chinese citizens almost overnight began ____9____ (incorporate) smartphones, laptops, and e-pads into their daily lives. However, these technological breakthroughs result ____10____ a special problem: Chinese people are increasingly forgetting how to write characters by hand. 答案与解析 第一节 完形填空 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【导语】这是一篇第一人称的说理文。作者质疑“手机成瘾”这个说法：他用“对友情成瘾”这个有点荒唐的研究说明，把正常习惯贴上“成瘾”标签并不科学，主张把屏幕时间当成一件可以管理的事，而不是恐惧的对象。 【1题】“‘成瘾’这个词会____出来。” crop up 是“冒出来、出现”的意思，所以选 crop。surface 浮现、emerge 涌现、arise 产生，都表示“出现”，但 crop up 最口语、最贴“突然想到”。 【2题】“我们这些用数码产品的人，____相信自己用过头了。” genuinely 真正地，修饰 believe，写出一种真切的感受，所以选 genuinely。simply 仅仅、merely 只不过、nearly 几乎，意思接近，但 genuinely 最准。 【3题】“我们真的对屏幕____吗？” be addicted to 是固定搭配，表示“对…上瘾”，所以选 addicted。used 习惯、drawn 被吸引、tied 绑住，意思接近，但 addicted 最贴。 【4题】“至少不是医学____上的。” in a…sense 是固定搭配，表示“在…意义上”，所以选 sense。way 方式、term 术语、field 领域，意思接近，但 in a sense 最自然。 【5题】“试图这样给人____。” classify 分类，和 diagnosed、diagnose 呼应——把人归到某一类，所以选 classify。count 数、treat 对待、name 命名，意思接近，但 classify 最准。 【6题】“用其他研究用的同样____。” criteria 标准，和原文“criteria many other studies use”原词复现，所以选 criteria。method 方法、rule 规则、theory 理论，意思接近，但 criteria 最贴。 【7题】“重点不在引发恐慌。” The point wasn’t to… 是固定表达，表示“关键不在于…”，所以选 point。study 研究、result 结果、aim 目的，意思接近，但 point 最自然。 【8题】“把正常习惯____为成瘾。” label…as 是原文短语，表示“给…贴标签”，所以选 label。see 看、treat 对待、mark 标记，意思接近，但 label…as 最贴。 【9题】“对友情成瘾显然很____。” ridiculous 荒谬的，写出批判的语气，所以选 ridiculous。absurd 荒谬的（意思很接近，容易误选）、questionable 可疑的、plausible 看似合理的（放在这里意思反了），但 ridiculous 和原文语气最合。 【10题】“不断把人们对一件事的担忧和“它会成瘾”这件事____在一起。” mix…with 是固定搭配，表示“把…混为一谈”，所以选 mixing。adding 加、putting 放、taking 取，意思接近，但 mix…with 最准。 【11题】“这件事____有害。” naturally 天然地，对应 inherently（固有地），所以选 naturally。clearly 清楚、finally 最终、deeply 深深，意思接近，但 naturally 最贴。 【12题】“我们确实会和科技形成不好的____。” bad habits 和 addiction 这条主线呼应，所以选 habits。ties 联系、links 关联、issues 问题，意思接近，但 habits 最扣题。 【13题】“我们很难去讨论使用它____的一面。” positive sides 表示“积极的一面”，点出“理性看待”这个主题，所以选 positive。real 真实的、main 主要的、other 其他的，意思接近，但 positive 最贴。 【14题】“我们应该把屏幕时间____一件可以管理的事。” view…as 是“视为”的意思，和 regard…as、treat…as、label…as 一组近义短语，原文用 view，表示换个角度看，所以选 view。regard 视为、treat 对待、label 贴标签，意思都接近。 【15题】“短暂____手机，可能比严格戒断更有用。” a break from 是固定搭配，表示“暂时离开”，放在结尾正合适，所以选 break。rest 休息、move 移动、step 步骤，意思接近，但 break 最自然。 第二节 语法填空 【答案】1. whom 2. to write 3. widespread 4. known 5. explanation 6. the 7. brought 8. comfortably 9. incorporating 10. in 【1题】定语从句（无提示词）。介词of后接关系代词，先行词 three PhD students 指人，填 whom。 【2题】非谓语动词（不定式）。ask sb to do sth. 固定结构，write用不定式 to write。 【3题】形容词（词性转换）。修饰名词phenomenon，spread的形容词 widespread 表示“普遍的”。 【4题】非谓语动词（过去分词）。phenomenon与know为被动，be known as为固定搭配。 【5题】名词（词性转换）。定冠词the后接名词，explain的名词为 explanation。 【6题】冠词（无提示词）。by the turn of the century为固定表达，特指“……之交”，填 the。 【7题】谓语动词（时态）。主语the birth ... 与bring为主动，描述过去事实用一般过去时 brought。 【8题】副词（词性转换）。修饰动词take，comfortable的副词为 comfortably。 【9题】非谓语动词（动名词）。begin doing sth. 表示“开始做某事”，incorporate用动名词 incorporating。 【10题】介词（无提示词）。result in为固定短语，意为“导致”，填 in。 完形填空+语法填空仿真练习5 第一部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I used to think talking was all about words—until I realized how much my hands were doing. We all use gestures, those small hand ____1____ we make without thinking while we speak. They are not just random movement; they are a kind of ____2____ shown through the hands. What surprises me is that even when we don’t notice our own gestures, others ____3____ them. People subconsciously read gestures to get more than words alone ____4____. A study found that in a noisy room, speakers don’t just raise their ____5____; they also make their gestures bigger. In fact, they work harder at ____6____ their gestures than at speaking louder. So we ____7____ our gestures to help listeners. But why do we gesture on the ____8____, where no one can see us? One old idea is that gesturing helps us ____9____ words we can’t quite recall—like rotating your hand while hunting for the word “screwdriver.” It sounds ____10____, and some researchers accept it, though proof is still lacking. Still, many experiments show gesturing helps our ____11____ in other ways. In one study, my team used eye-trackers to see where children looked in maths lessons, with or without the teacher’s gestures. When her gestures ____12____ to the numbers she meant, children looked at those numbers too. Those taught with gestures understood more. A teacher’s gesture, it turns ____13____, can guide a child’s attention and ____14____ learning. Next time you speak, watch your hands—they may be saying ____15____ you don’t yet know. 1. A. movements B. signs C. shapes D. marks 2. A. feeling B. language C. message D. thinking 3. A. ignore B. forget C. notice D. copy 4. A. say B. give C. mean D. show 5. A. voices B. hands C. eyes D. heads 6. A. hiding B. controlling C. using D. exaggerating 7. A. modify B. adapt C. adjust D. regulate 8. A. phone B. line C. air D. screen 9. A. learn B. recall C. spell D. choose 10. A. strange B. new C. odd D. plausible 11. A. memory B. speech C. reading D. thinking 12. A. pointed B. referred C. belonged D. led 13. A. up B. out C. on D. in 14. A. improve B. enhance C. boost D. facilitate 15. A. what B. thoughts C. matters D. secrets 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Extracting Water from Fog Cloud milking, a zero-energy technique to extract water from fog, is revolutionizing the recovery of forests devastated by fire and drought. The idea began as a pilot project ____1____ the Canary Islands, ____2____ (develop) to help reforestation. The plan was to exploit the moisture-laden "sea of clouds" that hangs over the region in order to help reforestation. It has ____3____ (recent) been extended to several other countries to produce drinking water and to irrigate crops. Gustavo Viera, the technical director of the publicly funded project, said the Canaries had undergone a severe process of ____4____ (desert) and lost a lot of forest through agriculture. Viera said that after the devastating fires, they ____5____ (seek) ways to deliver water to remote, mountainous areas without ____6____ (create) infrastructure or using fossil fuels to ____7____ (extract) groundwater from ____8____ deep wells. The ideal fog is orographic — or mountain fog, which exists in many Mediterranean regions. Vicenc Carabassa, the project’s head scientist, said not every type of fog is ____9____ (suit) because some do not have a high enough moisture content. The Life Nieblas project saves fossil energy consumption and CO2, and is cheaper and uses less water than traditional reforestation systems. The method is being used to supply drinking water and water for irrigation to the Chilean coastal village of Chungungo, ____10____ it provides drinking water, irrigation, and livestock water. 答案与解析 第一节 完形填空 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. A 【导语】这是一篇第一人称的科普叙事。作者原本以为说话全靠词语，后来发现手势其实是借手表达出来的思考：别人会无意识读懂它，在吵闹环境里人会放大手势，手势还能帮人回忆词语、引导小孩的注意力。一层层揭开非语言交际的妙处。 【1题】“那些我们说话时无意识做出的小手____。” movements 动作，和 random movement 原词复现，所以选 movements。signs 标志、shapes 形状、marks 记号，意思接近，但 movements 最准。 【2题】“它是一种借手展现的____。” thinking 思考，和末段 helps our thinking 主题呼应，所以选 thinking。feeling 感觉、language 语言、message 信息，意思接近，但 thinking 最扣题。 【3题】“即便自己没注意手势，别人也会____到。” notice 注意，和 don’t notice our own 形成对照，所以选 notice。ignore 忽视（反向）、forget 忘记、copy 模仿，都不如 notice 贴。 【4题】“获取比词语本身更多的____。” give information 是固定搭配，表示“传递信息”，所以选 give。say 说、mean 意味、show 展示，意思接近，但 give information 最自然。 【5题】“他们不光提高____。” raise one’s voice 是固定短语，表示“提高嗓门”，和 raise their gestures 对照，所以选 voices。hands 手、eyes 眼、heads 头，都不如 voices 贴。 【6题】“他们更费力地____手势。” exaggerating 夸大，和原文“exaggerating their gestures”呼应，所以选 exaggerating。hiding 藏、controlling 控制、using 用，意思接近，但 exaggerating 最准。 【7题】“我们____手势来帮助听者。” adjust 调整，和 alter our gestures 呼应，所以选 adjust。modify 修改、adapt 适应、regulate 调节，意思接近，但 adjust 最自然。 【8题】“可我们为什么会在____时打手势（那里谁也看不见）？” on the phone 表示“在打电话”，启动“手势沟通”这个场景，所以选 phone。on the line 通话中（也容易误选）、on the air 广播、on the screen 屏幕上（和“无人可见”矛盾），但 on the phone 最贴。 【9题】“手势帮我们____想不起的词。” recall 回忆，和 tip-of-the-tongue、remember 呼应，所以选 recall。learn 学、spell 拼、choose 选，都不如 recall 贴。 【10题】“听起来很____。” plausible 合理的，和原文“sounds plausible”原词复现，所以选 plausible。strange 奇怪、new 新、odd 怪，意思都反了，但 plausible 最准。 【11题】“手势还以别的方式帮我们的____。” thinking 思考，和首段 a kind of thinking 主题呼应，所以选 thinking。memory 记忆、speech 言语、reading 阅读，意思接近，但 thinking 最扣题。 【12题】“她的手势____她说的数字。” point to 是原文短语，表示“指向”，所以选 pointed。referred 提及、belonged 属于、led 导致，意思接近，但 point to 最贴。 【13题】“事实____。” it turns out 是固定句型，表示“事实证明”，所以选 out。up、on、in，都不如 out 构成这个固定表达。 【14题】“引导注意力，____学习。” improve learning 表示“提升学习”，点出“手势有益”这层意思，所以选 improve。enhance 提升、boost 促进、facilitate 促进，意思都接近，但 improve 最自然。 【15题】"下次你说话时，看看自己的手——它们可能在说出你还不知道的____。" what 引导名词性从句，直接作 saying 的宾语（what = the things that），语法正确；句意"你的手可能在说出你还不知道的事"，呼应全文"手势是无意识思考的外显"这一主线，最自然贴切。matters 作名词须靠省略的 that 才能接定语从句，且搭配生硬；thoughts（自己的想法你理应知道，语义矛盾）、secrets（偏离"无意识思考"主题），都不如 what 准确。 第二节 语法填空 【答案】1. in 2. developed 3. recently 4. desertification 5. sought 6. creating 7. extract 8. the 9. suitable 10. where 【1题】介词（无提示词）。as a pilot project in ... 表示“在……的试点项目”，填 in。 【2题】非谓语动词（过去分词）。the idea与develop为被动，作后置定语用 developed。 【3题】副词（词性转换）。修饰动词been extended，recent的副词为 recently。 【4题】名词（词性转换）。介词of后接名词，desert的名词 desertification 表示“荒漠化”。 【5题】谓语动词（时态）。主句said为过去时，宾语从句动作seek发生在过去，用一般过去时 sought。 【6题】非谓语动词（动名词）。without为介词，后接动名词，create用 creating。 【7题】非谓语动词（不定式）。use sth. to do sth. 表目的，to已给出，extract用原形 extract。 【8题】冠词（无提示词）。from the deep wells特指“从深井中”，填 the。 【9题】形容词（词性转换）。作表语，suit的形容词 suitable 表示“合适的”。 【10题】定语从句（无提示词）。先行词 the Chilean coastal village of Chungungo 在从句中作地点状语，填关系副词 where。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $