Unit 2 The World of Art(复习讲义)英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册

2026-08-07
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语仁爱科普版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 2 The World of Art
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 728 KB
发布时间 2026-08-07
更新时间 2026-08-07
作者 Love英语
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2026-08-07
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来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语Unit 2复习讲义以“艺术世界”主题为引领,构建“主题词汇-核心语法-表达应用”的知识体系。通过对比表格梳理感官动词、使役动词等易混词用法,用框架图呈现非谓语动词、感叹句等语法要点,清晰标注重难点分布及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“即时小练+综合应用”的分层练习设计,如单词辨析题、完形填空(糖画艺术)、短文填空(文房四宝)等,融入传统艺术素材培养文化意识。通过固定搭配口诀、句型转换技巧提升语言能力,基础题巩固知识,综合题发展思维品质,助力教师实施精准教学,支持学生自主复习。

内容正文:

Unit 2 The World of Art(复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕 “The World of Art” 主题,复习传统艺术形式、艺术活动经历与艺术感悟的表达。 2、重点掌握艺术类型、艺术动作、活动体验、情感感受、文化精神等相关词汇和短语。 3、掌握非谓语动词、感官动词、使役动词用法,熟练运用单元核心固定句型。 4、能围绕 “参与艺术活动、体验过程、收获感受” 开展口头和书面表达,提升传统文化英语表达能力。 复习重难点 重点:动名词与不定式固定搭配;感官、使役动词核心句型;单元高频动词短语;艺术主题表达句型。 难点:to do 和 doing 用法区分;used to 相关易混句型;make/watch 被动语态还原 to;写作中有序描述艺术活动并抒发感悟。 单元考点:单词、短语、句型 知识点1:Yellow River Cantata can best express the great spirit of the Chinese people to fight for the country.《黄河大合唱》最能展现中国人民为国奋斗的伟大精神。 (1)express v.表达;展现 【知识点拓展】词形变换:expression n. 表达;表情 必考固定搭配: ① express the spirit of… 表达…… 的精神 ② express one’s feelings 表达某人的情感 中考典型例句:Many songs express the love for our motherland. 许多歌曲表达对祖国的热爱。 (2)spirit n.精神;意志 【知识点拓展】词形变换:spirits n.(复数) 情绪;心境 必考固定搭配: ① the spirit of …… 的精神 ② in high spirits 情绪高涨 中考典型例句:We should learn the fighting spirit from heroes. 我们应该向英雄学习奋斗精神。 (3)fight v.奋斗;战斗;抗争 【知识点拓展】词形变换:fought (过去式 / 过去分词);fighting n. 斗争,战斗 必考固定搭配: ① fight for… 为…… 而奋斗 / 战斗 ② fight against 对抗;与…… 作斗争 中考典型例句:Lots of people fought for our country in the old days. 过去很多人为我们的国家奋斗。 【即时小练】 1.Many students want to ________ their true feelings about traditional art in the speech. A.express B.expect C.explain D.excuse 2.The heroes ________ the freedom of people and we should learn from them. A.fight for B.wait for C.look for D.pay for 知识点2:It is one of Wang Xizhi's famous works.它是王羲之的著名作品之一。 (1)one of…意为“……之一”,后面常跟可数名词的复数形式或复数人称代词宾格,其谓语动词用单数。如: One of them is from Sanmenxia. 他们中的某一人来自三门峡。 (2)one of…后还可以跟“the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构。如: One of the most famous teachers in the school is Mr. Li. 这所学校最出名的教师之一是李老师。 【即时小练】 1.Paper‑cutting is ________ most popular traditional arts in China. A.one of B.one of the C.the one D.one 知识点3:I plan to go to the City Park with my aunt.我打算和姑姑去城市公园。 如: A meeting has been planned for early next year. 会议计划明年年初召开。 It is important for us to plan for the future. 对于我们来说,为未来制订计划是很重要的。 The city government is planning to build a factory to deal with the industry waste. 市政府正在计划建立一个工厂来处理工业废料。 Have you made any plans for the summer vacation?你为这个暑假制订一些计划了吗? We’re making a plan to travel to France in the spring —are you interested? 我们打算春天去法国旅游。你有意去吗? 【即时小练】 1.They ________ to take part in the gardening show next Sunday. A.plan B.planned C.are planning D.will plan 知识点4:Are you going to watch the gardening show?你打算去看园艺展吗? (1)watch v. 观看;观察;注视 n. 手表 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:watched (过去式 / 过去分词);watching (现在分词);watches(三单) 必考固定搭配: ① watch sb./sth. doing sth. 看见某人 / 某物正在做某事(看见动作正在进行) ② watch sb./sth. do sth. 看见某人 / 某物做了某事(看见动作全过程、经常性动作) ③ watch out 小心,当心 ④ watch TV 看电视 中考典型例句: Mei Lanfang often watched the pigeons flying far away in the sky.梅兰芳经常观察鸽子在天空向远方飞去。 I watched him enter the room.我看见他走进了房间。 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 watch 观看;注视;观察 侧重专注看动态画面、人 / 物的动作;看电视、比赛 watch a game;watch pigeons flying see 看见 强调看的结果,无意看到 I see a bird in the tree. look 看 强调看的动作,不及物动词,搭配 look at Please look at the blackboard. (2)the gardening show园艺展 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:garden n. 花园;v. 从事园艺 → gardening n. 园艺(动名词);gardener n. 园艺工人,园丁 必考固定搭配: ① the gardening show 园艺展 ② art show 艺术展 ③ fashion show 时装秀 ④ flower show 花展 中考典型例句: We will visit the gardening show next Sunday.下周日我们将要去参观这场园艺展。 Many kinds of plants are on show in the gardening show.园艺展上展出各种各样的植物。 【即时小练】 1.Mei Lanfang often ________ pigeons flying in the sky to train his eyes. A.looks B.watches C.sees D.reads 2.The art hall will ________ some wonderful paper‑cut works to visitors. A.show B.give C.lend D.return 知识点5:Join us, and we can enjoy more green works there.来加入我们吧,我们可以在那里欣赏更多绿植作品。 (1)join v.加入;参加 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:joined (过去式 / 过去分词);joining (现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① join + 团体 / 组织 / 人群 加入(成为其中一员) ② join sb. (in sth.) 加入某人(一起做某事) ③ join in + 活动 参加某项活动 中考典型例句: He wants to join the music club.他想要加入音乐社团。 Will you join us in the art show?你愿意和我们一起参加这场艺术展吗? 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 join 加入;成为成员 后接组织、团体、人群 join the army;join the club join in 参加 后接小型活动、游戏、比赛 join in the game take part in 参加 后接大型活动、会议、比赛 take part in the sports meeting attend 出席;参加 后接会议、课程、讲座 attend class;attend a meeting (2)enjoy v.喜欢;享受;欣赏 【知识点拓展】 词形变换: enjoyed (过去式 / 过去分词);enjoying (现在分词);enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的;enjoyment n. 乐趣,享受 必考固定搭配: ① enjoy doing sth. 喜欢 / 享受做某事 ② enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心,过得愉快 中考典型例句: Many students enjoy learning about Chinese folk art.许多学生喜欢了解中国民间艺术。 We enjoyed ourselves at the art show last weekend.上周末我们在艺术展玩得很开心。 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 enjoy 享受,喜爱;侧重从当中获得乐趣 后接 doing;可接反身代词 She enjoys listening to Beijing opera. like 喜欢;普通用词 like doing /like to do 均可 She likes to listen / listening to opera. love 热爱;程度比 like 更强 love doing / love to do He loves traditional papercut art. 【即时小练】 1.Would you like to ________ us in making paper‑cuts after class? A.join in B.join C.take part in D.attend 2.Lots of children ________ learning about Beijing Opera in the art club. A.practice B.finish C.enjoy D.mind 知识点6:It can help us speak our minds and allow us to communicate heart to heart.它能帮助我们畅所欲言,让我们可以进行心灵与心灵的沟通。 (1)help v. 帮助;协助 n. 帮助,援助 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:helped (过去式 / 过去分词);helping (现在分词);helpful adj. 有帮助的;useless 反义词 helpless adj. 无助的 必考固定搭配: ① help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事(to 可以省略) ② help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 ③ can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 ④ help oneself to … 随便吃 / 取用…… ⑤ with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 中考典型例句: My grandma helped me (to) make paper‑cuts.奶奶帮我做剪纸。 He often helps me with my Chinese.他经常在语文方面帮助我。 易混淆单词辨析 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 to 可省略,后接动词原形 She helped me learn Beijing opera. help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人 with 后面接名词、代词,不接动词 She helped me with my art project. (2)allow v.允许;准许 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:allowed (过去式 / 过去分词);allowing (现在分词);allowance n. 津贴,补贴 必考固定搭配: ① allow doing sth. 允许做某事(主动,后面接动名词) ② allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ③ be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态,中考最高频) 中考典型例句: The school doesn’t allow taking photos in the art hall.学校不允许在艺术大厅拍照。 Teachers allow us to enjoy different kinds of folk art.老师允许我们欣赏各种各样的民间艺术。 We are allowed to cut paper‑cuts in the art class.美术课上我们被允许做剪纸。 易混淆单词辨析 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 主语一般是规则、场所、机构,后面直接加 doing The museum doesn’t allow touching the works of art. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 主语是人,宾语是人,再接 to do Parents allow me to learn Beijing opera. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 被动结构,to 后面接动词原形 We are allowed to take part in the gardening show. 【即时小练】 1.My art teacher often ________ me (to) cut beautiful paper‑cuts. A.helps B.allows C.makes D.lets 2.Students ________ to make paper‑cuts in the art class. A.allow B.are allowed C.are allowing D.allowed 知识点7:It can relax us and make us feel happy.它可以使我们放松,让我们感到快乐。 make v.制作;使;让 【知识点拓展】 词形变换: make‑made(过去式 / 过去分词);making (现在分词);maker n. 制造者 必考固定搭配: ① make sth. 制作某物 ② make sb. do sth. 使 / 让某人做某事(主动,后接动词原形) ③ make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人 / 某物…… ④ make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物 ⑤ make a decision 做决定 ⑥ make money 赚钱 ⑦ make friends 交朋友 中考典型例句: My grandma makes beautiful paper‑cuts every Spring Festival.我奶奶每年春节都会制作漂亮的剪纸。 The colorful masks make the opera more interesting.色彩鲜艳的面具让戏曲更加有趣。 The funny story made us laugh loudly.这个有趣的故事让我们大声大笑。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 主动语态,后面接动词原形 The music makes me feel relaxed. be made to do sth. 被使得做某事 被动语态,必须还原 to He was made to work day and night. be made of 由…… 制成(看得出原材料) 物理变化 The desk is made of wood. be made from 由…… 制成(看不出原材料) 化学变化 Paper is made from wood. be made in 在……(地点)制造 后接地点 This kite is made in Weifang. 【即时小练】 1.The colorful masks ________ the opera much more interesting. A.get B.take C.make D.bring 知识点8:It can take us to a world of art and bring together people all over the world.它可以把我们带入艺术的世界,把世界各地的人们凝聚在一起。 (1)take “乘坐(交通工具)” My father usually takes a bus to work. 我爸爸通常乘公共汽车去上班。 “携带;拿走;取走” I often take a pen with me. 我经常随身带一支钢笔。Could you take my schoolbag to the classroom, please?你可以把我的书包拿到教室里吗? “吃,喝,服用” Take this medicine three times a day. 一天服用三次药。 “买下” I’ll take the black jacket. 我要买那件黑色的夹克衫。 “接受,采纳” I’ll take your suggestions. 我将采纳你的建议。 “花费时间”,常用句型为It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school. 她要花二十分钟步行去上学。 “做……事情”,常和名词连用 take a walk散步; take a rest = take a break休息;take a risk = take risks冒险; take photos = take a photo拍照; take notes记笔记 (2)bring v.带来;拿来 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:bring‑brought(过去式 / 过去分词);bringing (现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① bring sth. to sp. 把某物带到某地 ② bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来某物 ③ bring back 带回;使回忆起 ④ bring about 导致,引起 中考典型例句: Please bring your scissors to the art class.请把你的剪刀带到美术课上来。 The paper‑cuts bring us much joy.剪纸给我们带来很多快乐。 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 bring 带来;拿来 朝向说话人方向拿过来 Bring your picture here. take 带走;拿走 离开说话人方向拿走去别处 Take your book away. carry 搬运;扛;提 强调搬运重物,无方向 He carries a heavy box. fetch 去取来 去 + 回来,往返动作 Fetch some red paper for me. 【即时小练】 1.Please ________ your scissors to the art show tomorrow. Don’t forget. A.take B.bring C.carry D.fetch 2.You’d better ________ your notebook when you go to the museum. A.bring B.take C.carry D.fetch 知识点9:When Mei was young, he had great difficulty in remembering the lines of Beijing opera. 梅(先生)年少时,记京剧台词非常吃力。 固定搭配:have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:difficult adj. 困难的;difficulty n. 困难;难题;difficulties n.(复数) 必考固定搭配: ① have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难(in 可以省略,后面接动名词 doing) ② have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ③ have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ④ have difficulty with sth. 在某方面有困难(with 后接名词) 中考典型例句: Many students have difficulty in learning Beijing opera.很多学生学习京剧有困难。 He has difficulty with this math problem.他这道数学题有困难。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 in 可省略,后接 doing 动名词 She has difficulty in remembering new words. have difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困难 with 后面接名词 / 代词,不接 doing She has difficulty with English grammar. 【即时小练】 1.He has difficulty ________ out colourful paper‑cuts by himself. A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.cuts 知识点10:But he worked very hard and was very strict with himself.但是他十分刻苦,并且对自己要求严格。 strict adj.严格的;严厉的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:strictly adv. 严格地;严厉地 必考固定搭配: ① be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 ② be strict in sth. 对某事 / 工作要求严格 中考典型例句: My grandpa is strict with me when I learn Beijing opera.我学京剧的时候爷爷对我要求很严格。 He is strict in his work of paper‑cutting.他对剪纸这份工作要求严格。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 with 后接人 Parents are strict with their children. be strict in sth. 对某事严格 in 后接事物、工作 She is strict in everything she does. 【即时小练】 1.His parents are very ________ him when he learns Beijing Opera. A.strict in B.strict with C.good at D.good for 知识点11:On the riverbanks, shops are selling all kinds of goods, such as toys and clothes. 河岸边上,商铺售卖各种各样的商品,例如玩具和衣服。 sell v.卖;出售 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:sell‑sold(过去式 / 过去分词);selling (现在分词);sale n. 销售;出售;seller n. 卖家,售货员 必考固定搭配: ① sell sth. to sb. = sell sb. sth. 把某物卖给某人 ② sell out 卖光,售完 ③ on sale 出售;廉价出售 中考典型例句: The farmers grow tons of fruit and sell them in large cities.农民种植大量水果,在大城市售卖。 He sold many colourful paper‑cuts to visitors last year.去年他把许多色彩艳丽的剪纸卖给游客。 【即时小练】 1.The old man ________ his paper‑cuts to visitors every year. A.sells B.buys C.shows D.gives 知识点12:—Why not come with me?为什么不和我一起去呢? —I'd like to, but I have to practice basketball with Junfeng.我很想去,但是我得和俊峰练习篮球。 (1)why not为什么不……?(提建议) 【知识点拓展】 必考固定搭配: ① Why not + 动词原形? 为什么不做……?(提建议)= Why don’t you + 动词原形? 中考典型例句: Why not learn more about Chinese folk art?为什么不多了解一些中国民间艺术呢? Why not enjoy the gardening show with us?为什么不和我们一起去看园艺展呢? 常见提建议的句型还有如下几种: ①Would you like to do sth.?你想要做某事吗? ②Shall we do sth.?让我们做某事好吗? ③Let’s do sth.!让我们做某事吧! ④You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事。 ⑤Would/Could you please (not) do sth.?请你(不要)做某事好吗? ⑥Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗? ⑦Why not do sth.?/Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事呢? (2)practice v. & n.练习;实践 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:practiced (过去式 / 过去分词);practicing (现在分词); practicable adj. 可行的;practical adj. 实际的,实用的 必考固定搭配: ① practice doing sth. 练习做某事 ② practice sth. 练习某事 ③ practice makes perfect 熟能生巧(谚语,写作可用) 中考典型例句: He practices performing Beijing opera every day.他每天练习表演京剧。 It takes lots of practice to cut out beautiful paper‑cuts.剪出漂亮的剪纸需要大量练习。 【即时小练】 1.—I don’t know what to do for the art show. —________ make some paper‑cuts? A.Why not B.Why don’t C.What about D.Would you like 2.If you want to do well in Beijing Opera, you need to ________ every day. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.practiced 知识点13:People use scissors and paper to cut out different shapes.人们用剪刀和纸剪出各式各样的图案。 use v. 使用,运用;n. 用途,用法 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:used (过去式 / 过去分词);using (现在分词);useful adj. 有用的;useless adj. 无用的;user n. 使用者 必考固定搭配: ① use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事 ② use sth. for doing sth. 把某物用于做某事(和①可同义转换) ③ be used to do sth. 被用来做某事(被动语态) ④ be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 ⑤ used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做了) ⑥ be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事(to 为介词,后接动名词) ⑦ make good use of 充分利用 中考典型例句: People use scissors to cut out different shapes.人们用剪刀剪出不同的形状。 This knife is used for cutting paper.这把刀被用来剪纸。 He used to learn Beijing opera in his free time.他过去常常在空闲时间学习京剧。 She is used to getting up early.她习惯于早起。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 use sth. to do 主动:用某物做某事 主语通常是人 We use papercuts to decorate our rooms. be used to do / be used for doing 被动:某物被用来做某事 主语是物品 Knives are used to cut things. used to do 过去常常做(现在不做) to 是不定式,后接动词原形 He used to love folk music. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 to 是介词,后接 doing He is used to listening to opera every night. 【即时小练】 1.We can ________ scissors to cut out different shapes of paper‑cuts. A.use B.make C.take D.bring 知识点14:They also cut out the Chinese character "Fu" and put it upside down on the door.他们还会剪出汉字 “福”,把它倒贴在门上。 (1)cut out剪出;剪下;删掉 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:cut(原形)‑cut(过去式)‑cut(过去分词)‑cutting(现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① cut out sth. = cut sth. out 剪出 / 剪下某物(代词必须放中间) ② cut out different shapes 剪出不同形状 中考典型例句: She cut out many beautiful paper‑cuts with scissors.她用剪刀剪出许多漂亮的剪纸。 Please cut it out from the newspaper.请把它从报纸上剪下来。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 cut out 剪出;剪下;删去 侧重裁剪出某种形状、剪下片段 He cut out a flower from red paper. cut down 砍倒;削减 砍树木;减少数量 They cut down too many trees. cut off 切断;中断 切断电源、水、联系 The heavy snow cut off the traffic. cut up 切碎 把物体切成小块 Cut up the vegetables before cooking. (2)put v.放;放置 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:put (原形)‑put(过去式)‑put(过去分词)‑putting (现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① put on 穿上;戴上(强调动作) ② put up 张贴;搭建;举起 ③ put off 推迟,延期 ④ put away 收起来,收好 ⑤ put out 扑灭(火) ⑥ put down 放下;写下 中考典型例句: Please put on your mask before you go into the hall.进入大厅前请戴上你的面具。 They put up many pictures of paper‑cuts on the wall.他们在墙上张贴了许多剪纸图画。 【即时小练】 1.Can you ________ a lovely bird from the red piece of paper? A.cut out B.put out C.get out D.go out 2.Please ________ your picture on the wall of our art classroom. A.put on B.put up C.put away D.put out 知识点15:When I was six, my grandfather introduced Beijing opera to me, and I fell in love with it immediately.我六岁的时候,爷爷向我介绍了京剧,我立刻就爱上了它。 (1)introduce的用法 introduce为动词,意为“介绍;引见”。常见搭配: (2)fall in love with爱上……;喜欢上…… 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:fall(原形)‑fell(过去式)‑fallen(过去分词) 必考固定搭配: ① fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人 / 某物 ② fall in love with … at first sight 一见钟情 中考典型例句:He fell in love with Beijing opera when he was a child.他小时候就爱上了京剧。 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 fall in love with 爱上……,强调动作,瞬间发生,不与时间段连用 表示 “开始爱上” 这个短暂动作 She fell in love with papercut art. 她爱上了剪纸艺术。 be in love with 爱着……,强调状态,可与一段时间连用 表示持续的喜爱状态 She has been in love with papercut art for many years. 她喜爱剪纸艺术很多年了。 【即时小练】 1.Could you ________ Chinese folk art to your foreign friends? A.introduce B.tell C.say D.talk 2.Many foreigners ________ Chinese paper‑cutting when they first see it. A.fall in love with B.get ready for C.take care of D.look forward for 知识点16:I hope more people around the world can enjoy this great art.我希望世界上更多的人能够欣赏这门伟大的艺术。 (1)I hope that…句型表达可能实现的愿望,从句常用将来时或含情态动词can。如: I hope that you will get well soon. 我希望你早日康复。(该愿望可能实现) hope v. & n.希望;期望 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:hoped (过去式 / 过去分词);hoping (现在分词);hopeful adj. 充满希望的;hopeless adj. 无望的;hopefully adv. 有希望地 必考固定搭配: ① hope to do sth. 希望做某事 ② I hope so. 我希望如此(肯定回答) ③ I hope not. 我希望不会(否定回答) ④ hope + that 从句 希望……(that 可省略) 中考典型例句: I hope to visit the art museum with my family this weekend. 我希望这周末和家人一起去参观艺术博物馆。 —Will you pass the exam? 你会通过考试吗? —I hope so. 我希望如此。 辨析expect, hope, wish与look forward to 词(组) 常见搭配 expect ①expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望(某人)做某事 ②expect+that从句 期望…… hope ①hope to do sth. 希望做某事 ②hope+that从句 希望…… wish ①wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事 ②wish+从句(通常用虚拟语气) 希望……(一般表示难以实现的愿望) ③wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人…… look forward to look forward to (doing) sth. 期待(做)某事 【即时小练】 1.I ________ we can learn more about our traditional art in this club. A.hope B.wish C.expect D.want 单元语法:复合不定代词和副词及感叹句 (一)复合不定代词和副词 2.复合不定代词的用法: one(指人) body(指人) thing(指物) some (某) someone 某人 somebody 某人 something 某事;某物 any (任何) anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anything 任何事物 no (没,不) no one 无人 nobody 无人 nothing 没有什么;没有一件东西 every (每一) everyone 每人;人人;所有人 everybody 每人;人人;所有人 everything 每件事物;一切 常见用法: (1)some-不定代词通常用在肯定句以及表示请求、邀请、建议等希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中;any-不定代词一般用在否定句和疑问句中;no-不定代词一般用在肯定句和疑问句中;every-不定代词可用在任何句子中。 如:Someone wants to visit you. 有人想拜访你。 Did anyone come with you? 有人跟你一起来吗? (2)复合不定代词相当于名词,在句中可作主语、宾语和表语,但不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。(作主语) He did everything for you. 他为你做了一切。(作宾语) That was something that he couldn't understand.那是他无法理解的某种东西。(作表语) (3)复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式等修饰时,形容词、动词不定式等必须后置,结构为"复合不定代词+形容词/动词不定式”。 如:I'm hungry. Do you have anything to eat? 我饿了。你有什么吃的东西吗? I really have something to do. 我确实有事情要做。 3.复合不定副词的用法: 地点 时间 方式/状态 some (某) somewhere 某地 sometime某时 sometimes有时 somehow 不知怎么地 any (任何) anywhere 任何地方 anytime 任何时候 anyway 无论如何 no (没,不) nowhere 无处 —— —— every (每一) everywhere 到处 —— —— 常见用法: (1) 指代地点: ①- somewhere:用于肯定句,表“某个不特定的地方” 如:Let’s go somewhere warm. 我们去个暖和的地方吧。 ②- anywhere:用于否定句、疑问句,表“任何地方”;肯定句表“随便哪里” 如:I can’t find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。 ③- nowhere:含否定= not anywhere 如:He went nowhere. = He didn’t go anywhere. 他哪儿也没去。= 他没去任何地方。 ④everywhere:用于肯定句,表“所有地方,到处” 如:The kids have left their toys everywhere. 孩子们把玩具扔得到处都是。 (2) 指代时间: ①- sometime:表“某个不特定的时间” 如:We’ll meet sometime next month. 我们下个月某个时间见。 ②- anytime:表“任何时候” 如:Call me anytime. 随时给我打电话。 ③- sometimes:频率副词,位置灵活(可放在句首 / 中 / 尾) 如:Sometimes he walks to school. 他有时步行上学。 (3) 指代方式/状态: ①- somehow:表“以某种方式(未明确)” 如:We’ll finish it somehow. 我们总会想办法完成它的。 ②-anyway:表“无论如何,不管怎样” 如:It’s too late, but let’s try anyway. 太晚了,但不管怎样我们试试吧。 (二)感叹句 本单元主要学习由what和how引导的感叹句的用法。 二、what引导的感叹句(中心词为名词) ①What + a/an + adj.+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What a kind heart you have! 你的心肠真好! ②What + adj. +不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!如: What interesting stories he’s told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣! What great progress she has made! 她取得了多么大的进步啊! 补充说明: (1)a/an的选择:取决于形容词后的名词音标开头音素,元音音素用an,辅音音素用a。 如: What an honest boy (he is)! 多么诚实的男孩啊!(honest以元音音素/ɒ/开头) (2)主语和谓语的省略:口语中常省略,仅保留 “What +名词短语” 结构。 如:What a pity! 真遗憾!(省略 it is) (3) 在感叹句中,有些不可数名词前有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 a/an。如:rain, storm, snow, surprise, breakfast, lunch, supper, time 等。 如:What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊! What a great surprise it is! 这是一个多么大的惊喜啊! 三、how引导的感叹句(中心词为形容词或副词) ①How + adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever the boy is! 这男孩真聪明! ②How + adj. + a/an +单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever a boy he is! 他真是个聪明的男孩! ③How+主语+谓语!如: How time flies! 时间过得真快呀! 【拓展】如何判断用what还是how来引导感叹句: 1.凡是以a/an开头的,多用what; 2.凡是形容词直接加名词的,多用what;此处尤其要注意一些不可数名词与形容词连用的情况,如:weather,news,advice,fun,information,work,traffic等; 3.其他一般用how。 口诀助记:感叹句要记牢,句子主谓先划掉,再来确定what/how;再在形容词后找,若有名词用what,没有名词用how。 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1.He has a happy ________ (feel) when he gets good grades in the exam. 2.There are many ________ (amaze) plants in the rainforest. 3.It’s ________ (possible) to finish the job in such a short time. 4.I don’t know ________ (something) about the place, so I need a map. 5.I heard someone ________ (shout) outside when I opened the door. 6.My father is a good ________. (paint) 7.Ancient people ________ (create) great wonders one after another in the past. 8.Beethoven is a famous ________ (music) in the world. 9.Using smart phones too much is _________ (harm) to your body and mind. 10.It’s of great importance to pay enough attention to the _________ (express) on our faces in any situation. 二、单项选择 11.—________carefully the old man is walking on the icy road! —We should remind him to be more careful. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 12.—Is ________ here in Class Four today? —No. Tom and Jerry take a day off. A.everybody B.anybody C.somebody D.nobody 13.The light is on in the office. There must be ________ working late. A.anyone B.no one C.someone D.everyone 14.Before the invention of planes, it seemed ________ to travel from China to America in just one day. A.incorrect B.impossible C.unfriendly D.impatient 15.You can’t learn a foreign language in such a short time ________ any hard work. A.with B.without C.against D.in 16.The massive military parade (大阅兵) at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing ________ our great respect for the national heroes. A.expresses B.belongs C.controls 17.My parents don’t ________ me to go swimming alone. They think it’s dangerous. A.order B.allow C.express 18.Liu Mei is always ready to help others. She is the most ________ student in our class. A.hard-working B.honest C.popular D.serious 19.—Lisa, I read an interesting book about animals yesterday. It told me ________ about the cheetahs. —Really? I love cheetahs! A.anything amazing B.amazing something C.amazing anything D.something amazing 20.This time-travel movie allows us to ________ to the ancient times and experience life there.​ A.travel back B.travel on C.travel around D.travel through​ 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A 、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Do you know sugar painting? It is a kind of snack and also one of the traditional Chinese art forms. Sugar painting started from the Ming Dynasty and became 21 in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, many people made a living through sugar painting, setting up stalls (货摊) in 22 streets or public places. Now people can still see it in many areas of China. The sugar painters usually sit before a wooden table. On the side, there is a wooden plate with a revolving arrow (可旋转箭头) on it. On the plate, there are different 23 such as a horse, a bird, a flower and so on. After 24 turn the arrow, the painters will make the picture pointed by the arrow. Sugar painting is 25 from usual painting. The sugar painters use syrup (糖浆) as the “ 26 ”. To make the syrup, the painters have to make sugar hot before 27 . Because the syrup may become solid (固体的) if it cools, the painters have to work very 28 . Soon they 29 a sugar painting of an animal, a flower or a bike. Now, only a few people want to be the sugar painters because it’s hard to make a lot of money. 30 , some of them still keep doing this art. They try their best to have people learn more about the traditional Chinese art. 21.A.health B.popular C.expensive 22.A.clean B.busy C.empty 23.A.colors B.sizes C.pictures 24.A.customers B.workers C.painters 25.A.different B.close C.same 26.A.cover B.paint C.pencil 27.A.collecting B.eating C.drawing 28.A.nicely B.slowly C.fast 29.A.finish B.close C.work 30.A.But B.However C.So 四、语法选择 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in our life. It has been part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. Lily loves bamboo very much. She often visits the Bamboo Sea in Guangning, Zhaoqing, 31 she can learn about different kinds of bamboo. When she was young, she 32 her grandma make folding fans 33 bamboo. 34 beautiful the folding fans were! As she grew older, she started to make fans 35 than those her grandma made. With her creativity and careful design, she made fans with 36 pictures. These pictures were inspired (赋予灵感) by traditional Chinese paintings. Now, Lily wants 37 a bamboo artist. She says, “Bamboo 38 be used to make many things. If we protect bamboo forests, we 39 have more wonderful bamboo crafts (手工艺品) .” Every weekend, she teaches children to make small bamboo crafts. It’s 40 interesting activity for both her and the children. Through these small crafts, she hopes to pass on the love for bamboo culture and let more people know about the beauty of traditional Chinese crafts. 31.A.or B.so C.but 32.A.watch B.watches C.watched 33.A.at B.with C.to 34.A.How B.What C.What a 35.A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful 36.A.colorful B.colorfully C.color 37.A.be B.being C.to be 38.A.must B.may C.can 39.A.have B.will have C.had 40.A.a B.an C./ 五、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并在相应的横线上填入其正确形式,使文章完整连贯。注意每词限用一次。 ask   answer   traditional   between   among   down   two   tool   careful   she   alive   why My grandma is good at making paper cutting. Last Spring Festival, she taught me how to make one. First, she took a red paper and folded it 41 . I followed her steps, but my hands shook a little. Grandma smiled and gave me some small 42 to hold— they helped me keep my hands steady. After folding, we started cutting. She used a small pair of scissors to make different shapes. When I finished my first work, it looked like a small rabbit. It wasn’t as beautiful as 43 , but Grandma praised me a lot. This year, I made three paper cuttings by myself. I gave one to my teacher and the other 44 to my best friend. They both liked them very much. Paper cutting helps me understand our culture better. I think these traditional arts are important. We should learn them and pass them 45 . Last week, our school held an art show. My paper cutting was 46 the exhibits. Many students asked me about its history. I felt proud when I 47 their questions. Grandma often says, “Traditional art is not old. It becomes 48 when people love it.” I totally agree. I want to be a “culture messenger” (文化使者) for our 49 art. I also want to tell my classmates 50 paper cutting teaches us to love our culture. Maybe one day, more young people will fall in love with it too. 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入恰当的词,每空最多两个词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 In ancient China, there were “Four Treasures of the Study”: brush, ink, paper 51 inkstone. Here is something about a 52 (wonder) inkstone—the famous Chengni inkstone. People first 53 (use) the Chengni inkstone during the Western Han Dynasty, but the skill was lost in the late Ming Dynasty. 54 (lucky), today the traditional skill has been revived (恢复)with the help of Lin Yongmao and his son Lin Tao. It was easier said than done. It took them two years 55 (find) proper materials to produce the Chengni inkstone. That was just the 56 (one) step. After failing many times, they finally succeeded in 57 (make) two Chengni inkstones in 1991. Their inkstones won a gold prize at an expo(博览会)three 58 (year) later. While developing the skill, they set up 59 workshop(工作坊)in the hope of passing the skill on to young people. 60 the same time, Lin Tao has brought Chengni inkstone to important competitions at home and abroad to expand(扩大)the influence of the Chengni inkstone. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 1 / 27 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 The World of Art(复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕 “The World of Art” 主题,复习传统艺术形式、艺术活动经历与艺术感悟的表达。 2、重点掌握艺术类型、艺术动作、活动体验、情感感受、文化精神等相关词汇和短语。 3、掌握非谓语动词、感官动词、使役动词用法,熟练运用单元核心固定句型。 4、能围绕 “参与艺术活动、体验过程、收获感受” 开展口头和书面表达,提升传统文化英语表达能力。 复习重难点 重点:动名词与不定式固定搭配;感官、使役动词核心句型;单元高频动词短语;艺术主题表达句型。 难点:to do 和 doing 用法区分;used to 相关易混句型;make/watch 被动语态还原 to;写作中有序描述艺术活动并抒发感悟。 单元考点:单词、短语、句型 知识点1:Yellow River Cantata can best express the great spirit of the Chinese people to fight for the country.《黄河大合唱》最能展现中国人民为国奋斗的伟大精神。 (1)express v.表达;展现 【知识点拓展】词形变换:expression n. 表达;表情 必考固定搭配: ① express the spirit of… 表达…… 的精神 ② express one’s feelings 表达某人的情感 中考典型例句:Many songs express the love for our motherland. 许多歌曲表达对祖国的热爱。 (2)spirit n.精神;意志 【知识点拓展】词形变换:spirits n.(复数) 情绪;心境 必考固定搭配: ① the spirit of …… 的精神 ② in high spirits 情绪高涨 中考典型例句:We should learn the fighting spirit from heroes. 我们应该向英雄学习奋斗精神。 (3)fight v.奋斗;战斗;抗争 【知识点拓展】词形变换:fought (过去式 / 过去分词);fighting n. 斗争,战斗 必考固定搭配: ① fight for… 为…… 而奋斗 / 战斗 ② fight against 对抗;与…… 作斗争 中考典型例句:Lots of people fought for our country in the old days. 过去很多人为我们的国家奋斗。 【即时小练】 1.Many students want to ________ their true feelings about traditional art in the speech. A.express B.expect C.explain D.excuse 【答案】A 【详解】句意:许多学生想要在演讲中表达他们对传统艺术的真实感受。考查动词辨析。express 表达;expect 期待;explain 解释;excuse 原谅。根据 “their true feelings” 真实情感,可知此处是表达情感,故选 A。 2.The heroes ________ the freedom of people and we should learn from them. A.fight for B.wait for C.look for D.pay for 【答案】A 【详解】句意:英雄们为人民的自由而奋斗,我们应该向他们学习。考查动词短语。fight for 为…… 奋斗;wait for 等待;look for 寻找;pay for 为…… 付款。结合 “the freedom of people” 人民的自由,选 A。 知识点2:It is one of Wang Xizhi's famous works.它是王羲之的著名作品之一。 (1)one of…意为“……之一”,后面常跟可数名词的复数形式或复数人称代词宾格,其谓语动词用单数。如: One of them is from Sanmenxia. 他们中的某一人来自三门峡。 (2)one of…后还可以跟“the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构。如: One of the most famous teachers in the school is Mr. Li. 这所学校最出名的教师之一是李老师。 【即时小练】 1.Paper‑cutting is ________ most popular traditional arts in China. A.one of B.one of the C.the one D.one 【答案】B 【详解】句意:剪纸是中国最受欢迎的传统艺术之一。考查 one of 句型。one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数,表示 “…… 最…… 之一”,固定结构,故选 B。 知识点3:I plan to go to the City Park with my aunt.我打算和姑姑去城市公园。 如: A meeting has been planned for early next year. 会议计划明年年初召开。 It is important for us to plan for the future. 对于我们来说,为未来制订计划是很重要的。 The city government is planning to build a factory to deal with the industry waste. 市政府正在计划建立一个工厂来处理工业废料。 Have you made any plans for the summer vacation?你为这个暑假制订一些计划了吗? We’re making a plan to travel to France in the spring —are you interested? 我们打算春天去法国旅游。你有意去吗? 【即时小练】 1.They ________ to take part in the gardening show next Sunday. A.plan B.planned C.are planning D.will plan 【答案】A 【详解】句意:他们计划下周日参加园艺展。考查动词时态。plan to do 计划做某事,此处陈述现在的计划,用一般现在时,主语 they,动词用原形 plan,故选 A。 知识点4:Are you going to watch the gardening show?你打算去看园艺展吗? (1)watch v. 观看;观察;注视 n. 手表 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:watched (过去式 / 过去分词);watching (现在分词);watches(三单) 必考固定搭配: ① watch sb./sth. doing sth. 看见某人 / 某物正在做某事(看见动作正在进行) ② watch sb./sth. do sth. 看见某人 / 某物做了某事(看见动作全过程、经常性动作) ③ watch out 小心,当心 ④ watch TV 看电视 中考典型例句: Mei Lanfang often watched the pigeons flying far away in the sky.梅兰芳经常观察鸽子在天空向远方飞去。 I watched him enter the room.我看见他走进了房间。 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 watch 观看;注视;观察 侧重专注看动态画面、人 / 物的动作;看电视、比赛 watch a game;watch pigeons flying see 看见 强调看的结果,无意看到 I see a bird in the tree. look 看 强调看的动作,不及物动词,搭配 look at Please look at the blackboard. (2)the gardening show园艺展 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:garden n. 花园;v. 从事园艺 → gardening n. 园艺(动名词);gardener n. 园艺工人,园丁 必考固定搭配: ① the gardening show 园艺展 ② art show 艺术展 ③ fashion show 时装秀 ④ flower show 花展 中考典型例句: We will visit the gardening show next Sunday.下周日我们将要去参观这场园艺展。 Many kinds of plants are on show in the gardening show.园艺展上展出各种各样的植物。 【即时小练】 1.Mei Lanfang often ________ pigeons flying in the sky to train his eyes. A.looks B.watches C.sees D.reads 【答案】B 【详解】句意:梅兰芳经常观察天空中飞翔的鸽子来训练眼神。考查动词辨析。watch sb./sth. doing 观察…… 正在做;look 看(不及物,搭配 look at);see 看见(强调结果);read 阅读。本句强调专注观察动态事物,故选 B。 2.The art hall will ________ some wonderful paper‑cut works to visitors. A.show B.give C.lend D.return 【答案】A 【详解】句意:艺术大厅将会向游客展示一些精美的剪纸作品。考查动词辨析。show 展示;give 给;lend 借出;return 归还。show sth. to sb. 把某物展示给某人,故选 A。 知识点5:Join us, and we can enjoy more green works there.来加入我们吧,我们可以在那里欣赏更多绿植作品。 (1)join v.加入;参加 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:joined (过去式 / 过去分词);joining (现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① join + 团体 / 组织 / 人群 加入(成为其中一员) ② join sb. (in sth.) 加入某人(一起做某事) ③ join in + 活动 参加某项活动 中考典型例句: He wants to join the music club.他想要加入音乐社团。 Will you join us in the art show?你愿意和我们一起参加这场艺术展吗? 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 join 加入;成为成员 后接组织、团体、人群 join the army;join the club join in 参加 后接小型活动、游戏、比赛 join in the game take part in 参加 后接大型活动、会议、比赛 take part in the sports meeting attend 出席;参加 后接会议、课程、讲座 attend class;attend a meeting (2)enjoy v.喜欢;享受;欣赏 【知识点拓展】 词形变换: enjoyed (过去式 / 过去分词);enjoying (现在分词);enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的;enjoyment n. 乐趣,享受 必考固定搭配: ① enjoy doing sth. 喜欢 / 享受做某事 ② enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心,过得愉快 中考典型例句: Many students enjoy learning about Chinese folk art.许多学生喜欢了解中国民间艺术。 We enjoyed ourselves at the art show last weekend.上周末我们在艺术展玩得很开心。 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 enjoy 享受,喜爱;侧重从当中获得乐趣 后接 doing;可接反身代词 She enjoys listening to Beijing opera. like 喜欢;普通用词 like doing /like to do 均可 She likes to listen / listening to opera. love 热爱;程度比 like 更强 love doing / love to do He loves traditional papercut art. 【即时小练】 1.Would you like to ________ us in making paper‑cuts after class? A.join in B.join C.take part in D.attend 【答案】B 【详解】句意:课后你愿意加入我们一起做剪纸吗?考查动词辨析。join sb. 加入某人;join in/take part in + 活动;attend 出席会议、课程。空格后接人 us,用 join,故选 B。 2.Lots of children ________ learning about Beijing Opera in the art club. A.practice B.finish C.enjoy D.mind 【答案】C 【详解】句意:许多孩子喜欢在艺术俱乐部了解京剧。考查动词辨析。enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事;practice 练习;finish 完成;mind 介意。结合语境,选 C。 知识点6:It can help us speak our minds and allow us to communicate heart to heart.它能帮助我们畅所欲言,让我们可以进行心灵与心灵的沟通。 (1)help v. 帮助;协助 n. 帮助,援助 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:helped (过去式 / 过去分词);helping (现在分词);helpful adj. 有帮助的;useless 反义词 helpless adj. 无助的 必考固定搭配: ① help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事(to 可以省略) ② help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 ③ can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 ④ help oneself to … 随便吃 / 取用…… ⑤ with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 中考典型例句: My grandma helped me (to) make paper‑cuts.奶奶帮我做剪纸。 He often helps me with my Chinese.他经常在语文方面帮助我。 易混淆单词辨析 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 to 可省略,后接动词原形 She helped me learn Beijing opera. help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人 with 后面接名词、代词,不接动词 She helped me with my art project. (2)allow v.允许;准许 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:allowed (过去式 / 过去分词);allowing (现在分词);allowance n. 津贴,补贴 必考固定搭配: ① allow doing sth. 允许做某事(主动,后面接动名词) ② allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ③ be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态,中考最高频) 中考典型例句: The school doesn’t allow taking photos in the art hall.学校不允许在艺术大厅拍照。 Teachers allow us to enjoy different kinds of folk art.老师允许我们欣赏各种各样的民间艺术。 We are allowed to cut paper‑cuts in the art class.美术课上我们被允许做剪纸。 易混淆单词辨析 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 主语一般是规则、场所、机构,后面直接加 doing The museum doesn’t allow touching the works of art. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 主语是人,宾语是人,再接 to do Parents allow me to learn Beijing opera. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 被动结构,to 后面接动词原形 We are allowed to take part in the gardening show. 【即时小练】 1.My art teacher often ________ me (to) cut beautiful paper‑cuts. A.helps B.allows C.makes D.lets 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我的美术老师经常帮我剪出漂亮的剪纸。考查动词辨析。help sb.(to) do 帮助某人做某事;allow sb. to do 允许;make sb. do;let sb. do。本句空格后 to 可保留可省略,只有 help 符合,故选 A。 2.Students ________ to make paper‑cuts in the art class. A.allow B.are allowed C.are allowing D.allowed 【答案】B 【详解】句意:学生们被允许在美术课上做剪纸。考查被动语态。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事,被动结构,故选 B。 知识点7:It can relax us and make us feel happy.它可以使我们放松,让我们感到快乐。 make v.制作;使;让 【知识点拓展】 词形变换: make‑made(过去式 / 过去分词);making (现在分词);maker n. 制造者 必考固定搭配: ① make sth. 制作某物 ② make sb. do sth. 使 / 让某人做某事(主动,后接动词原形) ③ make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人 / 某物…… ④ make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物 ⑤ make a decision 做决定 ⑥ make money 赚钱 ⑦ make friends 交朋友 中考典型例句: My grandma makes beautiful paper‑cuts every Spring Festival.我奶奶每年春节都会制作漂亮的剪纸。 The colorful masks make the opera more interesting.色彩鲜艳的面具让戏曲更加有趣。 The funny story made us laugh loudly.这个有趣的故事让我们大声大笑。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 主动语态,后面接动词原形 The music makes me feel relaxed. be made to do sth. 被使得做某事 被动语态,必须还原 to He was made to work day and night. be made of 由…… 制成(看得出原材料) 物理变化 The desk is made of wood. be made from 由…… 制成(看不出原材料) 化学变化 Paper is made from wood. be made in 在……(地点)制造 后接地点 This kite is made in Weifang. 【即时小练】 1.The colorful masks ________ the opera much more interesting. A.get B.take C.make D.bring 【答案】C 【详解】句意:色彩鲜艳的面具让戏曲变得更加有趣。考查 make 用法。make + 宾语 + 形容词,使某物……;get 得到;take 拿走;bring 带来。故选 C。 知识点8:It can take us to a world of art and bring together people all over the world.它可以把我们带入艺术的世界,把世界各地的人们凝聚在一起。 (1)take “乘坐(交通工具)” My father usually takes a bus to work. 我爸爸通常乘公共汽车去上班。 “携带;拿走;取走” I often take a pen with me. 我经常随身带一支钢笔。Could you take my schoolbag to the classroom, please?你可以把我的书包拿到教室里吗? “吃,喝,服用” Take this medicine three times a day. 一天服用三次药。 “买下” I’ll take the black jacket. 我要买那件黑色的夹克衫。 “接受,采纳” I’ll take your suggestions. 我将采纳你的建议。 “花费时间”,常用句型为It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school. 她要花二十分钟步行去上学。 “做……事情”,常和名词连用 take a walk散步; take a rest = take a break休息;take a risk = take risks冒险; take photos = take a photo拍照; take notes记笔记 (2)bring v.带来;拿来 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:bring‑brought(过去式 / 过去分词);bringing (现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① bring sth. to sp. 把某物带到某地 ② bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来某物 ③ bring back 带回;使回忆起 ④ bring about 导致,引起 中考典型例句: Please bring your scissors to the art class.请把你的剪刀带到美术课上来。 The paper‑cuts bring us much joy.剪纸给我们带来很多快乐。 单词 含义 核心区别 例句 bring 带来;拿来 朝向说话人方向拿过来 Bring your picture here. take 带走;拿走 离开说话人方向拿走去别处 Take your book away. carry 搬运;扛;提 强调搬运重物,无方向 He carries a heavy box. fetch 去取来 去 + 回来,往返动作 Fetch some red paper for me. 【即时小练】 1.Please ________ your scissors to the art show tomorrow. Don’t forget. A.take B.bring C.carry D.fetch 【答案】B 【详解】句意:明天请把你的剪刀带到艺术展来,不要忘记。考查动词辨析。bring 带来(朝向说话人);take 带走;carry 搬运;fetch 去取来。故选 B。 2.You’d better ________ your notebook when you go to the museum. A.bring B.take C.carry D.fetch 【答案】B 【详解】句意:你去博物馆的时候最好带上你的笔记本。考查动词辨析。take 带走,离开说话人方向;bring 带来;carry 搬运;fetch 往返取物。故选 B。 知识点9:When Mei was young, he had great difficulty in remembering the lines of Beijing opera. 梅(先生)年少时,记京剧台词非常吃力。 固定搭配:have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:difficult adj. 困难的;difficulty n. 困难;难题;difficulties n.(复数) 必考固定搭配: ① have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难(in 可以省略,后面接动名词 doing) ② have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ③ have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ④ have difficulty with sth. 在某方面有困难(with 后接名词) 中考典型例句: Many students have difficulty in learning Beijing opera.很多学生学习京剧有困难。 He has difficulty with this math problem.他这道数学题有困难。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 in 可省略,后接 doing 动名词 She has difficulty in remembering new words. have difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困难 with 后面接名词 / 代词,不接 doing She has difficulty with English grammar. 【即时小练】 1.He has difficulty ________ out colourful paper‑cuts by himself. A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.cuts 【答案】C 【详解】句意:他独自剪出色彩艳丽的剪纸有困难。考查固定搭配。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难,in 省略,后接 doing,故选 C。 知识点10:But he worked very hard and was very strict with himself.但是他十分刻苦,并且对自己要求严格。 strict adj.严格的;严厉的 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:strictly adv. 严格地;严厉地 必考固定搭配: ① be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 ② be strict in sth. 对某事 / 工作要求严格 中考典型例句: My grandpa is strict with me when I learn Beijing opera.我学京剧的时候爷爷对我要求很严格。 He is strict in his work of paper‑cutting.他对剪纸这份工作要求严格。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 with 后接人 Parents are strict with their children. be strict in sth. 对某事严格 in 后接事物、工作 She is strict in everything she does. 【即时小练】 1.His parents are very ________ him when he learns Beijing Opera. A.strict in B.strict with C.good at D.good for 【答案】B 【详解】句意:当他学习京剧时,父母对他要求很严格。考查固定搭配。be strict with sb. 对某人严格;be strict in sth. 对某事严格。后面接人 him,用 with,故选 B。 知识点11:On the riverbanks, shops are selling all kinds of goods, such as toys and clothes. 河岸边上,商铺售卖各种各样的商品,例如玩具和衣服。 sell v.卖;出售 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:sell‑sold(过去式 / 过去分词);selling (现在分词);sale n. 销售;出售;seller n. 卖家,售货员 必考固定搭配: ① sell sth. to sb. = sell sb. sth. 把某物卖给某人 ② sell out 卖光,售完 ③ on sale 出售;廉价出售 中考典型例句: The farmers grow tons of fruit and sell them in large cities.农民种植大量水果,在大城市售卖。 He sold many colourful paper‑cuts to visitors last year.去年他把许多色彩艳丽的剪纸卖给游客。 【即时小练】 1.The old man ________ his paper‑cuts to visitors every year. A.sells B.buys C.shows D.gives 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这位老人每年向游客售卖他的剪纸作品。考查动词辨析。sell 售卖;buy 买;show 展示;give 给予。sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人,故选 A。 知识点12:—Why not come with me?为什么不和我一起去呢? —I'd like to, but I have to practice basketball with Junfeng.我很想去,但是我得和俊峰练习篮球。 (1)why not为什么不……?(提建议) 【知识点拓展】 必考固定搭配: ① Why not + 动词原形? 为什么不做……?(提建议)= Why don’t you + 动词原形? 中考典型例句: Why not learn more about Chinese folk art?为什么不多了解一些中国民间艺术呢? Why not enjoy the gardening show with us?为什么不和我们一起去看园艺展呢? 常见提建议的句型还有如下几种: ①Would you like to do sth.?你想要做某事吗? ②Shall we do sth.?让我们做某事好吗? ③Let’s do sth.!让我们做某事吧! ④You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事。 ⑤Would/Could you please (not) do sth.?请你(不要)做某事好吗? ⑥Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗? ⑦Why not do sth.?/Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事呢? (2)practice v. & n.练习;实践 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:practiced (过去式 / 过去分词);practicing (现在分词); practicable adj. 可行的;practical adj. 实际的,实用的 必考固定搭配: ① practice doing sth. 练习做某事 ② practice sth. 练习某事 ③ practice makes perfect 熟能生巧(谚语,写作可用) 中考典型例句: He practices performing Beijing opera every day.他每天练习表演京剧。 It takes lots of practice to cut out beautiful paper‑cuts.剪出漂亮的剪纸需要大量练习。 【即时小练】 1.—I don’t know what to do for the art show. —________ make some paper‑cuts? A.Why not B.Why don’t C.What about D.Would you like 【答案】A 【详解】句意:—— 我不知道为艺术展做点什么。—— 为什么不做一些剪纸呢?考查提建议句型。Why not + 动词原形;Why don’t you + 动词原形;What about doing;would you like to do。空格后直接动词原形 make,选 A。 2.If you want to do well in Beijing Opera, you need to ________ every day. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.practiced 【答案】A 【详解】句意:如果你想把京剧学好,你需要每天练习。考查动词。need to do sth. 需要做某事,to 后面接动词原形 practice,故选 A。 知识点13:People use scissors and paper to cut out different shapes.人们用剪刀和纸剪出各式各样的图案。 use v. 使用,运用;n. 用途,用法 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:used (过去式 / 过去分词);using (现在分词);useful adj. 有用的;useless adj. 无用的;user n. 使用者 必考固定搭配: ① use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事 ② use sth. for doing sth. 把某物用于做某事(和①可同义转换) ③ be used to do sth. 被用来做某事(被动语态) ④ be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 ⑤ used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做了) ⑥ be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事(to 为介词,后接动名词) ⑦ make good use of 充分利用 中考典型例句: People use scissors to cut out different shapes.人们用剪刀剪出不同的形状。 This knife is used for cutting paper.这把刀被用来剪纸。 He used to learn Beijing opera in his free time.他过去常常在空闲时间学习京剧。 She is used to getting up early.她习惯于早起。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 use sth. to do 主动:用某物做某事 主语通常是人 We use papercuts to decorate our rooms. be used to do / be used for doing 被动:某物被用来做某事 主语是物品 Knives are used to cut things. used to do 过去常常做(现在不做) to 是不定式,后接动词原形 He used to love folk music. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 to 是介词,后接 doing He is used to listening to opera every night. 【即时小练】 1.We can ________ scissors to cut out different shapes of paper‑cuts. A.use B.make C.take D.bring 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们可以用剪刀剪出不同形状的剪纸。考查固定搭配。use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事,故选 A。 知识点14:They also cut out the Chinese character "Fu" and put it upside down on the door.他们还会剪出汉字 “福”,把它倒贴在门上。 (1)cut out剪出;剪下;删掉 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:cut(原形)‑cut(过去式)‑cut(过去分词)‑cutting(现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① cut out sth. = cut sth. out 剪出 / 剪下某物(代词必须放中间) ② cut out different shapes 剪出不同形状 中考典型例句: She cut out many beautiful paper‑cuts with scissors.她用剪刀剪出许多漂亮的剪纸。 Please cut it out from the newspaper.请把它从报纸上剪下来。 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 cut out 剪出;剪下;删去 侧重裁剪出某种形状、剪下片段 He cut out a flower from red paper. cut down 砍倒;削减 砍树木;减少数量 They cut down too many trees. cut off 切断;中断 切断电源、水、联系 The heavy snow cut off the traffic. cut up 切碎 把物体切成小块 Cut up the vegetables before cooking. (2)put v.放;放置 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:put (原形)‑put(过去式)‑put(过去分词)‑putting (现在分词) 必考固定搭配: ① put on 穿上;戴上(强调动作) ② put up 张贴;搭建;举起 ③ put off 推迟,延期 ④ put away 收起来,收好 ⑤ put out 扑灭(火) ⑥ put down 放下;写下 中考典型例句: Please put on your mask before you go into the hall.进入大厅前请戴上你的面具。 They put up many pictures of paper‑cuts on the wall.他们在墙上张贴了许多剪纸图画。 【即时小练】 1.Can you ________ a lovely bird from the red piece of paper? A.cut out B.put out C.get out D.go out 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你能用这张红纸剪出一只可爱的小鸟吗?考查短语辨析。cut out 剪出;put out 扑灭;get out 出去;go out 外出。故选 A。 2.Please ________ your picture on the wall of our art classroom. A.put on B.put up C.put away D.put out 【答案】B 【详解】句意:请把你的图画张贴在我们美术教室的墙上。考查 put 短语。put up 张贴;put on 穿上;put away 收好;put out 扑灭。故选 B。 知识点15:When I was six, my grandfather introduced Beijing opera to me, and I fell in love with it immediately.我六岁的时候,爷爷向我介绍了京剧,我立刻就爱上了它。 (1)introduce的用法 introduce为动词,意为“介绍;引见”。常见搭配: (2)fall in love with爱上……;喜欢上…… 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:fall(原形)‑fell(过去式)‑fallen(过去分词) 必考固定搭配: ① fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人 / 某物 ② fall in love with … at first sight 一见钟情 中考典型例句:He fell in love with Beijing opera when he was a child.他小时候就爱上了京剧。 单词 / 短语 含义 核心区别 例句 fall in love with 爱上……,强调动作,瞬间发生,不与时间段连用 表示 “开始爱上” 这个短暂动作 She fell in love with papercut art. 她爱上了剪纸艺术。 be in love with 爱着……,强调状态,可与一段时间连用 表示持续的喜爱状态 She has been in love with papercut art for many years. 她喜爱剪纸艺术很多年了。 【即时小练】 1.Could you ________ Chinese folk art to your foreign friends? A.introduce B.tell C.say D.talk 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你能向你的外国朋友介绍中国民间艺术吗?考查动词辨析。introduce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍某物;tell 告诉;say 说(内容);talk 交谈。故选 A。 2.Many foreigners ________ Chinese paper‑cutting when they first see it. A.fall in love with B.get ready for C.take care of D.look forward for 【答案】A 【详解】句意:很多外国人第一次看见剪纸就爱上了它。考查短语辨析。fall in love with 爱上;get ready for 为…… 做准备;take care of 照顾;look forward to 盼望。故选 A。 知识点16:I hope more people around the world can enjoy this great art.我希望世界上更多的人能够欣赏这门伟大的艺术。 (1)I hope that…句型表达可能实现的愿望,从句常用将来时或含情态动词can。如: I hope that you will get well soon. 我希望你早日康复。(该愿望可能实现) hope v. & n.希望;期望 【知识点拓展】 词形变换:hoped (过去式 / 过去分词);hoping (现在分词);hopeful adj. 充满希望的;hopeless adj. 无望的;hopefully adv. 有希望地 必考固定搭配: ① hope to do sth. 希望做某事 ② I hope so. 我希望如此(肯定回答) ③ I hope not. 我希望不会(否定回答) ④ hope + that 从句 希望……(that 可省略) 中考典型例句: I hope to visit the art museum with my family this weekend. 我希望这周末和家人一起去参观艺术博物馆。 —Will you pass the exam? 你会通过考试吗? —I hope so. 我希望如此。 辨析expect, hope, wish与look forward to 词(组) 常见搭配 expect ①expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望(某人)做某事 ②expect+that从句 期望…… hope ①hope to do sth. 希望做某事 ②hope+that从句 希望…… wish ①wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事 ②wish+从句(通常用虚拟语气) 希望……(一般表示难以实现的愿望) ③wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人…… look forward to look forward to (doing) sth. 期待(做)某事 【即时小练】 1.I ________ we can learn more about our traditional art in this club. A.hope B.wish C.expect D.want 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我希望我们可以在这个社团学到更多关于我们传统艺术的知识。考查动词辨析。hope (that)+ 从句,希望;wish 后从句常用虚拟语气;expect 期待;want 想要。故选 A。 单元语法:复合不定代词和副词及感叹句 (一)复合不定代词和副词 2.复合不定代词的用法: one(指人) body(指人) thing(指物) some (某) someone 某人 somebody 某人 something 某事;某物 any (任何) anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anything 任何事物 no (没,不) no one 无人 nobody 无人 nothing 没有什么;没有一件东西 every (每一) everyone 每人;人人;所有人 everybody 每人;人人;所有人 everything 每件事物;一切 常见用法: (1)some-不定代词通常用在肯定句以及表示请求、邀请、建议等希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中;any-不定代词一般用在否定句和疑问句中;no-不定代词一般用在肯定句和疑问句中;every-不定代词可用在任何句子中。 如:Someone wants to visit you. 有人想拜访你。 Did anyone come with you? 有人跟你一起来吗? (2)复合不定代词相当于名词,在句中可作主语、宾语和表语,但不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。(作主语) He did everything for you. 他为你做了一切。(作宾语) That was something that he couldn't understand.那是他无法理解的某种东西。(作表语) (3)复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式等修饰时,形容词、动词不定式等必须后置,结构为"复合不定代词+形容词/动词不定式”。 如:I'm hungry. Do you have anything to eat? 我饿了。你有什么吃的东西吗? I really have something to do. 我确实有事情要做。 3.复合不定副词的用法: 地点 时间 方式/状态 some (某) somewhere 某地 sometime某时 sometimes有时 somehow 不知怎么地 any (任何) anywhere 任何地方 anytime 任何时候 anyway 无论如何 no (没,不) nowhere 无处 —— —— every (每一) everywhere 到处 —— —— 常见用法: (1) 指代地点: ①- somewhere:用于肯定句,表“某个不特定的地方” 如:Let’s go somewhere warm. 我们去个暖和的地方吧。 ②- anywhere:用于否定句、疑问句,表“任何地方”;肯定句表“随便哪里” 如:I can’t find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。 ③- nowhere:含否定= not anywhere 如:He went nowhere. = He didn’t go anywhere. 他哪儿也没去。= 他没去任何地方。 ④everywhere:用于肯定句,表“所有地方,到处” 如:The kids have left their toys everywhere. 孩子们把玩具扔得到处都是。 (2) 指代时间: ①- sometime:表“某个不特定的时间” 如:We’ll meet sometime next month. 我们下个月某个时间见。 ②- anytime:表“任何时候” 如:Call me anytime. 随时给我打电话。 ③- sometimes:频率副词,位置灵活(可放在句首 / 中 / 尾) 如:Sometimes he walks to school. 他有时步行上学。 (3) 指代方式/状态: ①- somehow:表“以某种方式(未明确)” 如:We’ll finish it somehow. 我们总会想办法完成它的。 ②-anyway:表“无论如何,不管怎样” 如:It’s too late, but let’s try anyway. 太晚了,但不管怎样我们试试吧。 (二)感叹句 本单元主要学习由what和how引导的感叹句的用法。 二、what引导的感叹句(中心词为名词) ①What + a/an + adj.+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What a kind heart you have! 你的心肠真好! ②What + adj. +不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!如: What interesting stories he’s told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣! What great progress she has made! 她取得了多么大的进步啊! 补充说明: (1)a/an的选择:取决于形容词后的名词音标开头音素,元音音素用an,辅音音素用a。 如: What an honest boy (he is)! 多么诚实的男孩啊!(honest以元音音素/ɒ/开头) (2)主语和谓语的省略:口语中常省略,仅保留 “What +名词短语” 结构。 如:What a pity! 真遗憾!(省略 it is) (3) 在感叹句中,有些不可数名词前有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 a/an。如:rain, storm, snow, surprise, breakfast, lunch, supper, time 等。 如:What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊! What a great surprise it is! 这是一个多么大的惊喜啊! 三、how引导的感叹句(中心词为形容词或副词) ①How + adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever the boy is! 这男孩真聪明! ②How + adj. + a/an +单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: How clever a boy he is! 他真是个聪明的男孩! ③How+主语+谓语!如: How time flies! 时间过得真快呀! 【拓展】如何判断用what还是how来引导感叹句: 1.凡是以a/an开头的,多用what; 2.凡是形容词直接加名词的,多用what;此处尤其要注意一些不可数名词与形容词连用的情况,如:weather,news,advice,fun,information,work,traffic等; 3.其他一般用how。 口诀助记:感叹句要记牢,句子主谓先划掉,再来确定what/how;再在形容词后找,若有名词用what,没有名词用how。 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1.He has a happy ________ (feel) when he gets good grades in the exam. 【答案】feeling 【详解】句意:当他考试取得好成绩时,他有一种愉悦的感觉。此处位于形容词“happy”之后,需用名词形式。“feel”是动词,其名词形式是“feeling”,表示“感觉”。应填feeling。 2.There are many ________ (amaze) plants in the rainforest. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意:雨林里有许多令人惊叹的植物。 此处修饰名词“plants”,需用形容词;“amaze”是动词,其形容词形式有“amazing”(令人惊叹的,修饰事物)和“amazed”(感到惊叹的,修饰人),此处描述“plants”,用“amazing”。 3.It’s ________ (possible) to finish the job in such a short time. 【答案】impossible 【详解】句意:在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。本句是“It is+adj.+to do sth.”的固定句型,意为“做某事是……的”,空处需填入形容词作表语。“in such a short time”提示完成工作难度极大,逻辑上是“不可能”的,应用possible的反义词为impossible“不可能的”。 4.I don’t know ________ (something) about the place, so I need a map. 【答案】anything 【详解】句意:我对这个地方不了解,因此我需要一张地图。something通常用于肯定句中,否定句和疑问句中需要把something转换为anything。本句是否定句,空格处作动词know的宾语,符合anything的使用场景。 5.I heard someone ________ (shout) outside when I opened the door. 【答案】shouting 【详解】句意:当我打开门时,我听到外面有人大喊。根据“when I opened the door”可知,“大叫”是打开门那一刻正在进行的动作,应用hear sb. doing sth. 结构,所以此处填现在分词shouting作宾语补足语。 6.My father is a good ________. (paint) 【答案】painter 【详解】句意:我的爸爸是一位好的画家。句中“a good”提示此处需要一个可数名词的单数形式,表示职业,“paint”为动词,意为“绘画”,其名词形式为“painter”,表示“画家”。 7.Ancient people ________ (create) great wonders one after another in the past. 【答案】created 【详解】句意:古代人过去一个接一个地创造了伟大的奇迹。句中时间状语“in the past”表示“在过去”,它是一般过去时的标志词,说明“古代人创造伟大奇迹”这个动作发生在过去,所以动词create要用其过去式形式created。 8.Beethoven is a famous ________ (music) in the world. 【答案】musician 【详解】句意:贝多芬是世界上著名的音乐家。句中a famous后需要接表示职业的名词作表语,需将名词music变为对应的职业名词musician,意为“音乐家”。 9.Using smart phones too much is _________ (harm) to your body and mind. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意:过度使用智能手机对你的身心有害。根据“is…to”可知,横线处需填形容词,harm“伤害”,名词或动词,其形容词形式为harmful。be harmful to“对……有害”。故填harmful。 10.It’s of great importance to pay enough attention to the _________ (express) on our faces in any situation. 【答案】expressions 【详解】句意:在任何情况下,都要足够关注我们脸上的表情,这一点非常重要。express意为“表达”,是动词,此处需要用其名词形式expression表示“表情”,且“the expression on one’s face”是固定搭配,意为“某人脸上的表情”。结合语境,用可数名词复数形式更贴合“各种面部表情”的泛指含义。故填expressions。 二、单项选择 11.—________carefully the old man is walking on the icy road! —We should remind him to be more careful. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——这位老人在结冰的路上走得多小心啊!——我们应该提醒他要更小心些。 How怎么;What什么;What a多么;How a是错误结构。根据“carefully the old man is walking...”可知中心词是副词“carefully”,感叹句结构应用“How + 副词/形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。故选How。 12.—Is ________ here in Class Four today? —No. Tom and Jerry take a day off. A.everybody B.anybody C.somebody D.nobody 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——今天四班大家都到了吗?——没有。汤姆和杰瑞请假了。 everybody每个人;anybody任何人;somebody某人;nobody没有人。根据答语“No. Tom and Jerry take a day off.”可知有人请假,说明不是所有人都到了,因此问句询问的是是否“每个人”都到了。 13.The light is on in the office. There must be ________ working late. A.anyone B.no one C.someone D.everyone 【答案】C 【详解】句意:办公室的灯亮着,一定有人在加班工作。 anyone任何人(多用于否定句、疑问句);no one没人;someone某人(多用于肯定句);everyone每个人。 根据前文“The light is on in the office.”可推断,肯定有某个人在加班,本句为肯定陈述句,因此用someone。 14.Before the invention of planes, it seemed ________ to travel from China to America in just one day. A.incorrect B.impossible C.unfriendly D.impatient 【答案】B 【详解】句意:在飞机发明之前,只用一天从中国到美国旅行看起来是不可能的。 incorrect不正确的;impossible不可能的;unfriendly不友好的;impatient不耐烦的。飞机发明前一天从中国到美国旅行无法实现,impossible符合客观语境。 15.You can’t learn a foreign language in such a short time ________ any hard work. A.with B.without C.against D.in 【答案】B 【详解】句意:你不能在这么短的时间内没有任何努力就学会一门外语。with带有;without没有;against反对;in在……里面。根据句意及常识可知,学习外语需要付出努力,此处表示“没有努力就学不会”,without符合语境。 16.The massive military parade (大阅兵) at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing ________ our great respect for the national heroes. A.expresses B.belongs C.controls 【答案】A 【详解】句意:北京天安门广场的大阅兵表达了我们对民族英雄的崇高敬意。 expresses表达;belongs属于;controls控制。根据“our great respect for the national heroes”可知,阅兵式是为了表达敬意,express respect为固定搭配。应填expresses。 17.My parents don’t ________ me to go swimming alone. They think it’s dangerous. A.order B.allow C.express 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我的父母不允许我独自去游泳。他们认为这很危险。 order命令;allow允许;express表达。根据“They think it’s dangerous.”可知父母认为游泳危险,因此不会“允许”孩子独自去,allow sb. to do sth. 意为“允许某人做某事”。应填allow。 18.Liu Mei is always ready to help others. She is the most ________ student in our class. A.hard-working B.honest C.popular D.serious 【答案】C 【详解】句意:刘梅总是乐于助人。她是我们班最受欢迎的学生。 hard-working勤奋的;honest诚实的;popular受欢迎的;serious严肃的。根据前句“Liu Mei is always ready to help others.”可知,她乐于助人,这样的人通常会受到大家欢迎,popular符合语境。 19.—Lisa, I read an interesting book about animals yesterday. It told me ________ about the cheetahs. —Really? I love cheetahs! A.anything amazing B.amazing something C.amazing anything D.something amazing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——丽莎,我昨天读了一本关于动物的有趣的书。它告诉了我一些关于猎豹的令人惊奇的事情。——真的吗?我喜欢猎豹! anything amazing一些令人惊奇的事物(多用于否定句、疑问句);amazing something表达错误;amazing anything表达错误;something amazing一些令人惊奇的事物(多用于肯定陈述句)。形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后,排除B、C;something某事,用于肯定句,anything任何事,常用于否定句或疑问句,本句为肯定句,排除A。应填something amazing。 20.This time-travel movie allows us to ________ to the ancient times and experience life there.​ A.travel back B.travel on C.travel around D.travel through​ 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这部穿越电影让我们回到古代,体验那里的生活。 travel back回到过去;travel on继续旅行;travel around四处旅行;travel through穿过。根据语境“to the ancient times” 可知,此处表达“回到过去”,应选travel back。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A 、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Do you know sugar painting? It is a kind of snack and also one of the traditional Chinese art forms. Sugar painting started from the Ming Dynasty and became 21 in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, many people made a living through sugar painting, setting up stalls (货摊) in 22 streets or public places. Now people can still see it in many areas of China. The sugar painters usually sit before a wooden table. On the side, there is a wooden plate with a revolving arrow (可旋转箭头) on it. On the plate, there are different 23 such as a horse, a bird, a flower and so on. After 24 turn the arrow, the painters will make the picture pointed by the arrow. Sugar painting is 25 from usual painting. The sugar painters use syrup (糖浆) as the “ 26 ”. To make the syrup, the painters have to make sugar hot before 27 . Because the syrup may become solid (固体的) if it cools, the painters have to work very 28 . Soon they 29 a sugar painting of an animal, a flower or a bike. Now, only a few people want to be the sugar painters because it’s hard to make a lot of money. 30 , some of them still keep doing this art. They try their best to have people learn more about the traditional Chinese art. 21.A.health B.popular C.expensive 22.A.clean B.busy C.empty 23.A.colors B.sizes C.pictures 24.A.customers B.workers C.painters 25.A.different B.close C.same 26.A.cover B.paint C.pencil 27.A.collecting B.eating C.drawing 28.A.nicely B.slowly C.fast 29.A.finish B.close C.work 30.A.But B.However C.So 【答案】 21.B 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.C 29.A 30.B 【导语】本文介绍传统民间手艺糖画,讲述它从明代起源、清代流行的发展历程,讲解糖画的操作方式与制作难点,如今尽管赚钱不易,仍有手艺人坚守传承这项传统艺术。 【详解】21.句意:糖画起源于明代,在清代变得流行。 后文写当时很多人摆摊做糖画谋生,popular(流行的)契合广泛流传的语境;health(健康)、expensive(昂贵的)无对应线索。 22.句意:那时候许多人靠糖画谋生,在热闹的街道或公共场所摆摊。 路边摆摊一般设在人流多的busy(热闹的)街道;clean(干净的)、empty(空旷的)不符合摆摊选址逻辑。 23.句意:圆盘上有不同的图案,比如马、小鸟、花朵等等。 后文列举马、花鸟等图样,pictures(图案)匹配后文举例;colors(颜色)、sizes(尺寸)语义不符。 24.句意:顾客转动转盘后,手艺人就画出箭头指向的图案。 转 动转盘的是前来消费的customers(顾客);workers(工人)、painters(手艺人)不会自己转转盘选图案。 25.句意:糖画和普通绘画不一样。 后文说明糖画用糖浆作画,媒介特殊,be different from(与……不同)是固定搭配;close(接近的)、same(相同的)逻辑相反。 26.句意:糖画手艺人把糖浆当作“颜料”来作画。 paint(绘画颜料)对应作画原料糖浆;cover(盖子)、pencil(铅笔)无法形容糖浆的作用。 27.句意:要制作糖浆,手艺人必须先熬糖,之后再作画。 熬好热糖浆后才可以动手draw(作画);collecting(收集)、eating(食用)和制作步骤无关。 28.句意:糖浆冷却就会凝固,因此手艺人必须动作非常快。 糖浆易凝固,需要fast(快速地)完成绘制;nicely(好看地)、slowly(缓慢地)不符合制作要求。 29.句意:很快他们就能完成一幅动物、花朵或者自行车的糖画。 finish(完成)对应快速作画、收尾成型;close(关闭)、work(工作)不能搭配糖画作品。 30.句意:现在只有少数人愿意做糖画,因为很难赚到很多钱。然而,其中一部分人依旧坚守这门手艺。 前后存在转折,however(然而)可单独放句首表转折;But后不能用逗号隔开,So(因此)表顺承逻辑不符。 四、语法选择 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in our life. It has been part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. Lily loves bamboo very much. She often visits the Bamboo Sea in Guangning, Zhaoqing, 31 she can learn about different kinds of bamboo. When she was young, she 32 her grandma make folding fans 33 bamboo. 34 beautiful the folding fans were! As she grew older, she started to make fans 35 than those her grandma made. With her creativity and careful design, she made fans with 36 pictures. These pictures were inspired (赋予灵感) by traditional Chinese paintings. Now, Lily wants 37 a bamboo artist. She says, “Bamboo 38 be used to make many things. If we protect bamboo forests, we 39 have more wonderful bamboo crafts (手工艺品) .” Every weekend, she teaches children to make small bamboo crafts. It’s 40 interesting activity for both her and the children. Through these small crafts, she hopes to pass on the love for bamboo culture and let more people know about the beauty of traditional Chinese crafts. 31.A.or B.so C.but 32.A.watch B.watches C.watched 33.A.at B.with C.to 34.A.How B.What C.What a 35.A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful 36.A.colorful B.colorfully C.color 37.A.be B.being C.to be 38.A.must B.may C.can 39.A.have B.will have C.had 40.A.a B.an C./ 【答案】 31.B 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.B 36.A 37.C 38.C 39.B 40.B 【导语】本文介绍了竹子在生活中的实用性及文化意义,同时讲述了莉莉喜爱竹子、学习并制作竹制折扇,还希望传承竹文化的故事。 【详解】31.句意:她经常参观肇庆的竹海,这样就能了解不同种类的竹子。 根据“visits the Bamboo Sea”和“learn about different kinds of bamboo”的逻辑关系,参观竹海的目的是了解竹子,“so(这样)”表结果/目的,符合语境。 32.句意:小时候,她看着奶奶用竹子做折扇。 根据“When she was young”可知,此处描述过去的动作,用一般过去时,“watched(看,过去式)”符合。 33.句意:小时候,她看着奶奶用竹子做折扇。 “with(用)”后接工具材料,此处表示“用竹子”做折扇,符合语境。 34.句意:这些折扇多漂亮啊! 此处是感叹句,中心词是形容词“beautiful”,用“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构,“How”符合。 35.句意:随着年龄增长,她开始做比奶奶做的更漂亮的扇子。 根据“than those her grandma made”可知,此处用形容词比较级,“more beautiful(更漂亮的)”符合。 36.句意:凭借创意和精心设计,她制作了带有彩色图案的扇子。 此处修饰名词“pictures”,用形容词“colorful(彩色的)”符合语境。 37.句意:现在莉莉想成为一名竹艺师。 “want to do sth(想要做某事)”是固定搭配,此处用“to be”表示“成为”。 38.句意:竹子可以被用来制作很多东西。 根据语境,此处表示竹子的用途(“可以被用来”),“can(可以)”表能力/可能性,符合。 39.句意:如果我们保护竹林,我们将会有更多精美的竹制手工艺品。 此处是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时,“will have(将会有)”符合。 40.句意:这对她和孩子们来说是一项有趣的活动。 “interesting”以元音音素开头,不定冠词用“an”,表示“一项”。 五、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并在相应的横线上填入其正确形式,使文章完整连贯。注意每词限用一次。 ask   answer   traditional   between   among   down   two   tool   careful   she   alive   why My grandma is good at making paper cutting. Last Spring Festival, she taught me how to make one. First, she took a red paper and folded it 41 . I followed her steps, but my hands shook a little. Grandma smiled and gave me some small 42 to hold— they helped me keep my hands steady. After folding, we started cutting. She used a small pair of scissors to make different shapes. When I finished my first work, it looked like a small rabbit. It wasn’t as beautiful as 43 , but Grandma praised me a lot. This year, I made three paper cuttings by myself. I gave one to my teacher and the other 44 to my best friend. They both liked them very much. Paper cutting helps me understand our culture better. I think these traditional arts are important. We should learn them and pass them 45 . Last week, our school held an art show. My paper cutting was 46 the exhibits. Many students asked me about its history. I felt proud when I 47 their questions. Grandma often says, “Traditional art is not old. It becomes 48 when people love it.” I totally agree. I want to be a “culture messenger” (文化使者) for our 49 art. I also want to tell my classmates 50 paper cutting teaches us to love our culture. Maybe one day, more young people will fall in love with it too. 【答案】 41.carefully 42.tools 43.hers 44.two 45.down 46.among 47.answered 48.alive 49.traditional 50.why 【导语】本文讲述了作者跟奶奶学习剪纸的经历,以及剪纸艺术对作者理解传统文化的意义。 【详解】41.句意:首先,她拿出一张红纸,小心地把它折好。“folded it…”中,修饰动词folded需用副词作状语,表示“小心地折叠”。需选careful“小心的”,其副词形式为carefully。 42.句意:奶奶笑着递给我几件小工具拿着——它们能让我的手不发抖,保持平稳。“some small…to hold”中,形容词后需用名词作宾语,表示“一些小工具”。需选tool“工具”,根据some需用复数形式tools。 43.句意:它没有奶奶的剪纸好看,但奶奶还是大力夸奖了我。“as beautiful as…”中,空格后没有名词,as...as后需用名词性物主代词作宾语,指代比较对象“她的作品”。需选she“她”,其名词性物主代词为hers“她的”。 44.句意:我把一幅送给老师,另外两幅送给了我最好的朋友。“the other…to my best friend”中,the other后接基数词,指代剩下两幅剪纸作品,需选two“二”,为基数词。 45.句意:我们应该学习它们并把它们传承下去。“pass them…”中,pass down为固定短语,意为“传承”,需选down。 46.句意:我的剪纸在展品之中。“was…the exhibits”中,was后需用介词表范围关系,与复数名词exhibits搭配,表示多件展品群体之中,需选among“在……之中(三者或三者以上)”,为介词。 47.句意:当我回答他们的问题时,我感到自豪。“when I…their questions”中,描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时。表示“回答”,需选answer“回答”,其过去式为answered。 48.句意:当人们热爱它时,它就变得鲜活起来。“becomes…”中,become后需用形容词作表语,表示“鲜活的”。需选alive“活着的,鲜活的”,为形容词。 49.句意:我想成为我们传统艺术的文化使者。“our…art”中,需用形容词修饰名词art,表示“传统艺术”。需选形容词traditional“传统的”。 50.句意:我还想告诉我的同学们为什么剪纸教会我们热爱我们的文化。“tell my classmates…paper cutting teaches us”中,引导宾语从句,表示“为什么”,需选why“为什么”。 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入恰当的词,每空最多两个词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 In ancient China, there were “Four Treasures of the Study”: brush, ink, paper 51 inkstone. Here is something about a 52 (wonder) inkstone—the famous Chengni inkstone. People first 53 (use) the Chengni inkstone during the Western Han Dynasty, but the skill was lost in the late Ming Dynasty. 54 (lucky), today the traditional skill has been revived (恢复)with the help of Lin Yongmao and his son Lin Tao. It was easier said than done. It took them two years 55 (find) proper materials to produce the Chengni inkstone. That was just the 56 (one) step. After failing many times, they finally succeeded in 57 (make) two Chengni inkstones in 1991. Their inkstones won a gold prize at an expo(博览会)three 58 (year) later. While developing the skill, they set up 59 workshop(工作坊)in the hope of passing the skill on to young people. 60 the same time, Lin Tao has brought Chengni inkstone to important competitions at home and abroad to expand(扩大)the influence of the Chengni inkstone. 【答案】 51.and 52.wonderful 53.used 54.Luckily 55.to find 56.first 57.making 58.years 59.a 60.At 【导语】本文介绍了中国古代“文房四宝”之一的砚台,重点讲述了程泥砚的历史兴衰与技艺复兴,展现了传统工艺的传承故事。 【详解】51.句意:在中国古代,有“文房四宝”:笔,墨,纸和砚。该句列举“文房四宝”,多个并列名词之间用并列连词and连接。 52.句意:这里有关于一种出色的砚台——著名的程泥砚的介绍。修饰名词inkstone需用形容词wonderful。 53.句意:人们在西汉时期首次使用程泥砚。时间状语“during the Western Han Dynasty”表明动作发生在过去,句子需用一般过去时used。 54.句意:幸运的是,今天在林永茂和他的儿子林涛的帮助下,这项传统技艺得到了复兴。此处需用副词Luckily修饰整个句子,句首字母要大写。 55.句意:说起来容易做起来难。他们花了两年时间来找制作程泥砚的合适材料。句型“It takes sb. some time to do sh.”表示“某人花费时间做某事”。 56.句意:那只是第一步。此处表示“第一步”,需用序数词。 57.句意:多次失败后,他们终于在1991年成功做出了两方程泥砚。“succeed in doing sth.”表示“成功做某事”,介词“in”后需接动名词。 58.句意:他们的砚台在三年后的一次博览会上获得了金奖。数词“three”后需接可数名词复数。 59.句意:在发展这项技艺的同时,他们开设了一个工作坊,希望将技艺传授给年轻人。“workshop”为可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个工作坊”,需用不定冠词a。 60.句意:同时,林涛带着程泥砚参加了国内外的重要比赛,以扩大程泥砚的影响力。“at the same time”表示“同时”。放在句首,句首字母要大写。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 1 / 27 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 2 The World of Art(复习讲义)英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册
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Unit 2 The World of Art(复习讲义)英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册
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Unit 2 The World of Art(复习讲义)英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册
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