精品解析：2026年山东省中考英语试题

机密★启用前 2026年全省初中学业水平考试 英 语 本试卷共10页。满分120分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。答案写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共三节，满分30分） 做题时，可先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案填涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5个句子。听完每个句子后，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听完每个句子后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。 1. A. Fine, thank you. B. She’s from Beijing. C. I’m a student. 2. A. Good idea. B. Thank you. C. I’m 15. 3. A. Yes, go ahead. B. It’s true. C. I’ll take some. 4. A. No, it’s not here. B. Good luck. C. A coffee, please. 5. A. Last week. B. Here you are. C. Yes, I am. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个或几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题。 6. How much is one cup of apple juice? A. 5 yuan. B. 6 yuan. C. 10 yuan. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题。 7. In which competition did the man come first? A. B. C. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题。 8. When did the man see the movie? A. Last night. B. Tonight. C. Two days ago. 9. How did the man feel about the movie? A. It was terrible. B. It was boring. C. It was fantastic. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题。 10. What colour is the speaker’s house? A. White. B. Red. C. Orange. 11. What does the speaker always put on her dresser? A. Lots of toys. B. A lot of flowers. C. A picture. 12. What does the speaker think of her bedroom? A. Comfortable. B. Crowded. C. Big. 听第5段材料，回答以下小题。 13. Why is the woman calling? A. To order a meal. B. To book a room. C. To look for her glasses. 14. Where was the woman sitting? A. Near the door. B. At the corner table. C. In the lost-and-found area. 15. When will the woman probably return to the restaurant? A. In an hour. B. In half an hour. C. In two hours. 第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面1段独白。独白后有5个填空题，根据所听内容在空格内填入适当的单词。听独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，你将有1分钟的作答时间。该段独白读两遍。 Three ways to get around The first way is by bus. A long, grey bus takes my family to the mall and the ________. It is the easiest way to get there. The second way is by train. A long,________ train takes my family to other small towns and big ________ more quickly than the bus. The third way is on foot. Two strong feet take me to many different places. It is the ________ way to get around. I am ________ to have so many ways to get around! 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you thinking about going to university? Do you think maths, physics and history sound boring? Well, there are a lot of unusual degrees that you might not know about. Here are some of our favorites. Football Studies Students learn about football and business, society and the media. They also study sports injuries and coaching. You don’t need to play football if you want to choose this course — there won’t be any footballs in the exam room. Citrus Studies Yes, you can do a degree in oranges, lemons and limes! Students learn how to grow citrus fruits, which includes a lot of chemistry and biology. You’ll get really healthy from all that fresh fruit! Toy Design Not ready to grow up yet? Then maybe you’d like to learn how to design toys for children. But don’t think it will be easy just because you see the word ‘toy’. Students on this course study child psychology, 3D design and engineering. Bakery Science Eating cake or biscuits is probably something you do for fun. But for students on this course, it’s part of studying. Students learn about chemistry and how to manage production. There is a bakery at the university, so students can practice what they’re learning. 1. What can students learn about in Football Studies? A. Business and biology. B. Society and the media. C. Coaching and 3D design. 2. What do we know about Toy Design? A. It includes engineering. B. It is for little kids to learn. C. It will be easy for students. 3. Which degrees require students to learn about chemistry? A. Toy Design and Citrus Studies. B. Football Studies and Toy Design. C. Citrus Studies and Bakery Science. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍几门不常见的大学专业，介绍了Football Studies、Citrus Studies、Toy Design、Bakery Science四门课程各自的学习内容。 【1题详解】 Football Studies课程：“Students learn about football and business, society and the media. ”，由此可知学生可以学习社会与媒体相关内容。 【2题详解】 Toy Design课程：“Students on this course study child psychology, 3D design and engineering”，由此可知这门课包含工程学的学习。 【3题详解】 Citrus Studies提到：“which includes a lot of chemistry and biology”，以及Bakery Science提到：“Students learn about chemistry and how to manage production”，由此可知柑橘研究和烘焙科学专业都要学习化学。 B One day, Thando and his family moved from the countryside to the city. He didn’t know if he was going to like life in the city. Soon it was Thando’s first day at school. The school was much bigger than his old school. “There are too many children,” thought Thando. “And there’s too much noise.” The first few days passed quickly, and his classmates were all friendly. But Thando felt disappointed because he hadn’t made any friends yet. Then one day, the teacher organised a game. She hid a treasure box in the classroom. The first person to find it could open it. Everyone ran around the room quickly. Soon, Amahle held up the box and smiled. Everyone else looked sad. “Can anyone suggest another way to play the game?” asked the teacher after seeing their reaction. “I can,” said Thando. “You can hide the box again. We all have to hold hands and find the treasure together.” The game started, and the children walked around the classroom, holding hands and looking for the treasure. Everyone laughed and had fun. When they found the box, they opened it together. Inside they found 20 strips (带状物) of coloured paper. “Everyone, choose a piece of paper and fold it,” said the teacher. “Now put all your strips of paper together.” “It’s a paper chain,” laughed Amahle. “Sharing the treasure was a great idea, Thando!” “My mother always says to me, ‘How can I be happy if someone in my community is sad?’” said Thando. “That’s wonderful. Remember — we’re all connected,” said the teacher as Thando and his new friends hung the paper chain around the classroom. 4. What happened to Thando during the first few days in his new school? A. He didn’t make any friends. B. He found his classmates serious. C. He became disappointed at his grades. 5. What was Thando’s suggestion for the game? A. Amahle should hide the box. B. The students should work as a team. C. The teacher should look for the treasure. 6. How might Thando feel at the end of the story? A. Worried. B. Calm. C. Joyful. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. What Thando did for the teacher. B. Why Thando went to a new school. C. How Thando became part of the class. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Thando搬家来到城市进入新学校，起初没有交到朋友，通过课堂上的寻宝游戏提出团队合作的想法，最终融入班级的故事。 【4题详解】 根据第三段“But Thando felt disappointed because he hadn’t made any friends yet.”可知，在新学校最初几天，Thando没有交到任何朋友。 【5题详解】 第六段Thando提出建议：“You can hide the box again. We all have to hold hands and find the treasure together.”，说明他建议同学们团队协作完成游戏。 【6题详解】 文章结尾Thando和同学们一起游戏、制作纸链，交到新朋友，由此可以推断他的心情是开心快乐的。 【7题详解】 通读全文，文章主要围绕Thando来到新学校，从没有朋友到融入整个班级的经历展开，C选项最能概括主旨。 C Ms. Beryl and Layla are great friends. It doesn’t matter that Beryl is 87, and Layla is four. The pair have many interests in common, and they spend a lot of time together. They make drawings, play games, and laugh at each other’s jokes. The two attend an intergenerational preschool called Mother Nurture. It brings society’s oldest and youngest members together in a community. “At Mother Nurture the kids have someone who can tell great stories, but who also has the time and patience to really listen to them,” says director, Penny Livingston. “Many of the children do not have grandparents in the same city, and their friendships with their elderly ‘classmates’ make it possible for them to get along with people at a different stage of life.” For the elderly, the experience is also rewarding (有益的). The children bring the joy and excitement of youth into their lives, and the time spent with kids improves their health. The elderly report feeling less lonely. Their minds work better, and even their bodies seem to benefit from staying with the children because they move more. Mother Nurture is just one of many such programmes that have appeared around the world. The programmes work and even the kids’ parents benefit. Many families do not have relatives nearby, and the chance for their children to spend time with a person like a grandmother or grandfather pleases parents. “We kind of get stuck with people who are the same age as us,” says Maya, a caregiver who has worked at Mother Nurture for three years. “When I see how careful the children are around their older friends, I know they are developing empathy (共情) for people who are different,” she says. “And that is good news for the rest of us since we will all be old one day.” 8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To compare two friends in a preschool. B. To show the importance of the same hobbies. C. To introduce the programme Mother Nurture. 9. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Many of the children. B. The elderly classmates. C. The children’s grandparents. 10. What is an advantage of Mother Nurture? A. It lets the kids’ families spend more time with their relatives. B. It helps the elderly become healthier both in body and mind. C. It gives the kids more chances to live with their grandparents. 11. What can we infer about Maya? A. She believes being old is good news. B. She thinks highly of Mother Nurture. C. She hopes to work for Mother Nurture. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一个代际融合幼儿园项目Mother Nurture。老人和幼儿在此相伴交友，这既帮助孩子学会和不同年龄段的人相处，也有益于老年人身心健康，这类项目还能让家长也从中受益。 【8题详解】 第一段通过讲述Beryl和Layla的故事，引出她们共同参加的代际学前班“Mother Nurture”，并简要说明了该项目的性质，旨在引出并介绍这一项目。 【9题详解】 第二段画线词所在句子“Many of the children...make it possible for them to get along with people at a different stage of life.”表明，them指代前半句的主语“Many of the children”，意为这种友谊使孩子们能够与不同人生阶段的人相处。 【10题详解】 第三段中的句子“The elderly report feeling less lonely. Their minds work better, and even their bodies seem to benefit from staying with the children because they move more.”表明，该项目能让老人感到不那么孤独，思维和身体都受益，即有助于身心健康。 【11题详解】 最后一段Maya的话表明，她认为孩子们在这里培养了对他人的共情能力，这对所有人都是好消息，表明她对该项目持肯定和高度评价。A项曲解文意（好消息是指共情能力的培养），C项与事实不符（她已在此工作三年）。 D Every time you send an email, a message, a photo or post something on the Internet, you save paper. However, you leave behind your digital carbon (碳) footprint. You may think that the Internet has no effect on the physical world, but we store all the information on different websites, apps and social media on computer servers (服务器). They use lots of electricity. At the same time, they need to be cool, so we use more electricity to keep the temperature low. However, the production of electricity increases our carbon footprint and heats up our earth. All information, pictures and music on the Internet travel in small packets called data (数据). So when we do an online search, the question we have put into the computer becomes data. The computer sends this data to the servers. They then process (处理) the question and send it back to our computers as data. The faster the search engine (引擎) works, the bigger the use of electricity. We use the most electricity when we watch a video online. This is because a lot of data travels to and from the server. Different kinds of technology need different amounts (量) of electricity to work. For example, mobile phones use electromagnetic waves. These waves need more energy to move through buildings, bad weather and even plants. So again, the use of electricity is bigger. Cloud computing also uses a lot of energy because instead of saving your material on your computer, you store it on the server. So again, more data travels between the servers and the computers, using large amounts of energy. One way to stop this waste is to always update your apps or software. For example, an old word processing tool needs four times more energy to work than a new one. Another way is to think before we see a film online: do you really need to see it for the tenth time? 12. In what way do we leave behind a digital carbon footprint? A. By using the Internet. B. By producing electricity. C. By keeping the servers cool. 13. Why does watching a video online use much electricity? A. It makes the search engine stop working. B. Lots of data travels to and from the server. C. Many questions are put into the computer. 14. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A. Much data uses large amounts of energy. B. Cloud computing uses more energy than mobile phones. C. Different technologies use different amounts of electricity. 15. What can reduce our digital carbon footprint? A. Using the latest apps or software. B. Seeing a film online many times. C. Working with an old word processing tool. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文从日常网络无纸化行为切入，揭示线上活动会产生数字碳足迹，解释了服务器运行、数据传输等环节的高能耗与碳排放逻辑，给出更新软件、减少无意义刷视频等减碳方法，引导人们践行低碳数字生活。 【12题详解】 根据第一段“Every time you send an email... on the Internet, you save paper. However, you leave behind your digital carbon footprint.”可知，当我们使用互联网（发送邮件、照片等）时，会留下数字碳足迹。 【13题详解】 根据第三段最后一句“We use the most electricity when we watch a video online. This is because a lot of data travels to and from the server.”可知，在线观看视频耗电最多是因为大量数据在服务器和电脑之间传输。 【14题详解】 第四段首句“Different kinds of technology need different amounts (量) of electricity to work.”是该段的主题句，随后列举了手机和云计算的例子来支撑这一观点。 【15题详解】 根据第五段第一句“One way to stop this waste is to always update your apps or software.”以及第二句提到旧工具耗能更多可知，使用最新的应用或软件可以减少碳足迹。B项和C项均与文中建议相反。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Most people agree that, when it comes to exercise, the harder you train, the fitter you become. But did you realise when you exercise also matters? ____16____ Many people think the morning is the best time for exercise, because they have more energy then and they feel less and less active as the day progresses. ____17____ Our bodies have natural rhythms (节律), so the best time of day to exercise is different for different people. It also depends on what your goal is. Recent research suggests that the higher your body’s temperature, the better your performance. ____18____ So it could be the best time for a workout. However, if you want to lose weight, the best time of day to exercise is early in the morning. ____19____ And if your aim is simply to keep physically healthy, then a long walk is OK — at any time of day. Be careful, though. ____20____ You would like to train harder and harder as you start to feel fitter, but remember that the more you exercise, the higher the risk of getting hurt. Overall, it’s far safer to do a small amount of exercise regularly (规律地). Your workout will be a little easier each day, and as you get fitter, it will become more and more enjoyable. A. We should keep exercising every day. B. However, it is not quite as simple as that. C. That’s when your body will burn most energy. D. It can be as important as how much exercise you do. E. Most people’s temperature is highest in the late afternoon. F. Doing too much exercise can be almost as bad as not doing enough. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍锻炼时间的重要性，最佳锻炼时间受人体节律与锻炼目标影响，同时告诫人们运动要适度，避免运动过量受伤。 【16题详解】 前文提到“the harder you train, the fitter you become (你训练得越刻苦，就会变得越健康)”，随后转折，发出疑问“你是否意识到，锻炼的时间也同样重要呢”，D项“It can be as important as how much exercise you do. (这可能和你进行的运动量大小一样重要)”承接前文问题，引出下文对锻炼时间的描述。 【17题详解】 前文提到“Many people think the morning is the best time for exercise... (许多人认为早晨是锻炼的最佳时间)”，后文提到“Our bodies have natural rhythms, so the best time of day to exercise is different for different people. (我们的身体有自然节律，所以一天中锻炼的最佳时间因人而异)”，由此可知，前后文存在转折关系，说明事情并非像人们想的那么简单，B项“However, it is not quite as simple as that.”起到承前启后的作用，否定“早上最适合运动”的片面看法，引出下文观点。 【18题详解】 前文提到“the higher your body’s temperature, the better your performance. (体温越高，表现就越好)”，后文提到“So it could be the best time for a workout. (所以这可能是锻炼的最佳时间)”，由此可知，空处应提及体温最高的时间段，E项“Most people’s temperature is highest in the late afternoon. (大多数人的体温在傍晚时分最高。)”承接体温与运动表现的关联，后文的it指代傍晚这个时段。 【19题详解】 前文提到“If you want to lose weight, the best time of day to exercise is early in the morning. (如果你想减肥，一天中锻炼的最佳时间是清晨)”，C项“That’s when your body will burn most energy. (那是你的身体燃烧最多能量的时候)”承接前文，解释清晨锻炼有助于减肥的原因。 【20题详解】 前文提到“Be careful, though. (不过，要小心)”，后文提到“...but remember that the more you exercise, the higher the risk of getting hurt. (……但请记住，你锻炼得越多，受伤的风险就越高)”，由此可知，空处应指出过度锻炼的危害，F项“Doing too much exercise can be almost as bad as not doing enough. (做太多的运动几乎和做得不够一样糟糕)”引出后文不要过度锻炼的告诫。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While most 10-year-olds are spending their free time playing video games, Ernesto is busy running his own 3D printing business and dreaming of buying his mom a house someday. Inside a small workshop at home, Ernesto spends his days ____21____ and printing colourful creations including model planes, can openers, and things meant to help people dealing with stress. The ____22____ first took shape just a few months ago when Ernesto told his mother he wanted to make money through 3D printing. Instead of ____23____ buying him a machine, she encouraged him to work and save for it himself. After ____24____ $500, Ernesto bought his first printer and started Prestige 3D Labs. He taught himself how to create custom designs by watching online courses and quickly ____25____ there was real demand (需求) for his products. Business has grown fast and his ____26____ are becoming more and more popular. Ernesto says he has already made around $1,500, and demand became so strong that he ____27____ with a local clothing store to help sell his products. Now, three printers run regularly to keep up with ____28____ coming in from across the Rio Grande Valley. For Ernesto’s mother, the ____29____ has become more than just a way for her son to make money. It has also become valuable time spent together. She says balancing school, football practice, and a growing business can sometimes be ____30____ for Ernesto, but she believes the experience is teaching him lessons that will last a lifetime. 21. A. finding B. writing C. designing 22. A. idea B. habit C. rule 23. A. generally B. simply C. exactly 24. A. saving B. donating C. borrowing 25. A. explained B. realised C. reminded 26. A. printers B. courses C. creations 27. A. partnered B. compared C. travelled 28. A. gifts B. orders C. toys 29. A. business B. show C. game 30. A. normal B. dangerous C. stressful 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述10岁男孩Ernesto经营3D打印生意的故事。他自筹资金买设备，生意壮大。这不仅让他赚钱，更带来了宝贵的成长经历。 【21题详解】 句意：在家里的一间小作坊里，Ernesto花费时间设计和打印彩色作品，包括飞机模型、开罐器，还有用来帮助人们缓解压力的物件。。 根据“3D printing business”及常识，打印前需设计模型。designing“设计”是3D打印的前提步骤，符合逻辑。finding“找到”、writing“写”与3D 打印流程无关。 【22题详解】 句意：这个主意几个月前刚成形，当时Ernesto告诉妈妈，他想靠3D打印赚钱。 根据后文“wanted to make money”，指做生意的想法。take shape常指计划或想法成形，idea“主意”符合语境。habit“习惯”；rule“规则”不符合“想要赚钱”的语境。 【23题详解】 句意：妈妈没有只是直接给他买一台打印机，而是鼓励他靠自己干活攒钱去买。 根据“encouraged him to work and save”，母亲没有直接买。simply强调直接做某事，此处指未直接购买。generally“普遍的”、exactly“确切地”语意不通，无法体现母亲的教育方式。 【24题详解】 句意：存了500美元后，他买了打印机，创办了“Prestige 3D实验室”。 根据前文“save for it himself”，此处指存钱，saving符合语境。与前文母亲建议“存钱”保持一致。donating“捐赠”、borrowing“借”与前文逻辑矛盾。 【25题详解】 句意：他通过网上课程自学定制设计，很快意识到自己的产品存在真实的市场需求。 根据“there was real demand”，指发现市场情况。生意开始后发现自己产品受欢迎，即意识到需求，realised“意识到”符合语境。explained“解释”；reminded“提醒”不符合发现市场需求的逻辑。 【26题详解】 句意：生意发展迅速，他的作品变得越来越受欢迎。 根据前文“colourful creations”，指打印出的产品。顾客购买的是他制作的产品，creations符合语境。printers“打印机”；courses“课程”非主要售卖对象。 【27题详解】 句意：Ernesto说他已经赚了大约1500美元。市场需求十分旺盛，于是他和当地一家服装店合作售卖自己的产品。 根据“to help sell his products”，指商业合作。partner with意为“与……合作”，符合销售语境。compared“比较”；travelled“旅行”语意不通，无法帮助销售。 【28题详解】 句意：现在三台打印机持续运转，用来处理来自里奥格兰德河谷各地源源不断的订单。 根据“Business has grown”，生意对应订单。生意好意味着订单多，需保持生产，orders“订单”符合语境。gifts“礼物”；toys“玩具”不符合商业往来语境。 【29题详解】 句意：对母亲来说，这门生意不仅是赚钱方式。 全文围绕他的商业活动展开。指代前文提到的3D printing business，business“商业”符合语境。show“展示”；game“游戏”。指代错误，不符合全文主题。 【30题详解】 句意：她说，兼顾学业、足球训练和不断发展的生意，有时对欧内斯托来说压力很大，但她相信这段经历教会他的道理将会使他受益终身。 根据“balancing...can sometimes be”，兼顾多事通常很累，同时处理多项任务会让人感到压力，stressful符合语境。normal无法体现困难，dangerous程度过重。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 Fan Zhongyan (989–1052) was a statesman and scholar (学者) of the Song Dynasty. When Fan Zhongyan was 22 years old, he ____31____ (give) a chance to study at the famous Yingtian Academy (书院). Fan Zhongyan was very poor and ate porridge for every meal. After four years of hard work, he passed the imperial examination ____32____ became a government official. When he ____33____ (leave) Yingtian Academy in 1015, Fan Zhongyan didn’t expect that he would return years later as its principal (负责人). On his return, he made many positive ____34____ (change). Looking back on his own student days, he often used his own money ____35____ (support) poor students. He also offered a ____36____ (talent) scholar named Sun Fu a position in the academy so that Sun Fu could work and study at the same time. With money to raise his family, Sun Fu studied day and night, ____37____ (final) becoming a respected scholar. In 1040, Fan Zhongyan became a vice governor. While working in what is today’s Henan Province in 1046, he made a ____38____ (decide) to improve education for the local people. Choosing a beautiful setting, he set up Huazhou Academy. There, Fan Zhongyan ____39____ (write) his most famous article, “On Yueyang Tower”. Fan Zhongyan devoted (奉献) ____40____ (he) time and money to supporting people in their search for knowledge. He set an example for many scholars, who in turn, would be encouraged to follow him. 【答案】31. was given 32. and 33. left 34. changes 35. to support 36. talented 37. finally 38. decision 39. wrote 40. his 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了宋代政治家、学者范仲淹早年刻苦求学，为官后致力于改善教育、资助贫困学生并创办书院的事迹。 【31题详解】 句意：当范仲淹22岁时，他获得了一个在著名的应天书院学习的机会。主语“He”与“give”之间为被动关系(被给予机会)，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填was given。 【32题详解】 句意：经过四年的努力，他通过了科举考试并成为了一名政府官员。passed和became为并列谓语，用and连接，表示顺承关系。 【33题详解】 句意：当他在1015年离开应天书院时，范仲淹没想到多年后他会作为书院负责人回来。根据“in 1015”可知描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，leave的过去式为left。 【34题详解】 句意：在他回归后，他做了许多积极的改变。many后接可数名词复数，change的复数为changes。 【35题详解】 句意：回顾自己的学生时代，他经常用自己的钱来资助贫困学生。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式to support。 【36题详解】 句意：他还给一位名叫孙复的有才华的学者在书院提供了一个职位，这样孙复就可以一边工作一边学习。修饰名词scholar，需用形容词；talent对应的形容词为talented。 【37题详解】 句意：有了养家的钱，孙复日夜苦读，最终成为了一位受人尊敬的学者。修饰动词becoming，需用副词；final对应的副词为finally。 【38题详解】 句意：1046年，他在今天的河南省任职时，决定改善当地人民的教育。make a decision为固定搭配，意为“做决定”，decide对应的名词为decision。 【39题详解】 句意：在那里，范仲淹写下了他最著名的文章《岳阳楼记》。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote。 【40题详解】 句意：范仲淹奉献自己的时间和金钱来支持人们追求知识。空处需使用he的形容词性物主代词his，修饰后面的名词time。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Farah was on her parents’ farm in Malaysia. She heard a funny noise and went to look. She found a baby orangutan (猩猩). It was lonely and scared. Farah went to tell her parents. “There’s an orangutan sanctuary (庇护地) ten miles from here,” said Dad. “We should call them.” “Good idea,” said Mom. “I’ll call them now.” “He looks hungry,” said Dad. “I’ll get him a banana.” “He needs a name,” said Farah. “I’ll call him Coco.” A team from the sanctuary arrived quickly. “Why does Coco have to go to the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Orangutans are in danger in their habitat (栖息地) because there are logging sites (伐木点), big farms and illegal (非法的) hunters,” said the sanctuary assistant. “Coco is very young. At the sanctuary, he can grow up safely.” “What happens at the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Well, Coco looks healthy, but tomorrow the vets (兽医) are going to do a check-up and they’re going to give him vaccinations (疫苗). The day after tomorrow, we’re going to send him to the orangutan school at the sanctuary!” “Orangutan school!” said Farah. “What’s that?” The sanctuary assistant smiled. “Orangutans usually stay with their mothers for six years. They learn how to live in the jungle. At the sanctuary, they learn from each other. Next week, the team is going to give Coco a buddy — an older orangutan who can teach him. He needs to learn how to find food and where to sleep.” “Orangutan school sounds fun!” said Farah. “We’re going to keep Coco at the sanctuary for a while. You can be a volunteer and help out.” Farah smiled, “I’d like that. I’ll come and visit Coco! I can’t wait!” 41. Where did Farah find Coco? _______________________________________________ 42. What are the dangers to orangutans in the habitat according to the text? _______________________________________________ 43. How are people at the sanctuary going to help Coco? (list 2 ways) _______________________________________________ 44. What kind of person do you think Farah is? And why? _______________________________________________ 45. What would you like to do if you have a chance to help wildlife? (at least 15 words) _______________________________________________ 【答案】41. On her parents’ farm in Malaysia. 42. Logging sites, big farms and illegal hunters. 43. They are going to give him vaccinations and send him to the orangutan school. 44. She is kind and caring. Because she cares about Coco and wants to be a volunteer. 45. I would like to protect them by planting more trees and telling people not to hunt them illegally.(言之有理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩Farah在父母农场发现一只幼年猩猩，并将其送往庇护地接受照顾和治疗的故事。 【41题详解】 根据文章第1段“Farah was on her parents’ farm in Malaysia.”和“She found a baby orangutan.”可推知，Farah发现Coco的地点是在她父母的农场。 【42题详解】 根据文章第8段“Orangutans are in danger in their habitat ( 栖息地) because there are logging sites (伐木点), big farms and illegal (非法的) hunters”可推知猩猩面临的危险来源。 【43题详解】 根据文章第10段“tomorrow the vets (兽医) are going to do a check-up and they’re going to give him vaccinations (疫苗)”以及“ we’re going to send him to the orangutan school at the sanctuary!”可推知，庇护地帮助Coco的两种方式是接种疫苗和送他去猩猩学校。 【44题详解】 根据文章第1段Farah发现猩猩后告诉父母，以及最后1段“I’d like that. I’ll come and visit Coco!”可推知，Farah是一个善良且有爱心的人，因为她关心猩猩并愿意做志愿者。 【45题详解】 本题为开放性问题，需结合保护野生动物的主题作答，且字数不少于15词。示例答案表达了通过植树和宣传来保护动物的意愿，符合要求。 第二节（满分20分） 46. 假如你是李华，你准备在英语课“Daily News”环节，介绍在北京举办的机器人半程马拉松的有关情况。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 比赛情况； 时间 地点 结果 2026年4月19日 北京亦庄 名为“Flash”的机器人夺冠、打破人类纪录 2. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 词数80-100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息。 参考词汇：half-marathon（n. 半程马拉松） Hello, everyone! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 【答案】 例文 Hello, everyone! I’m glad to share some news. A robot half-marathon was held in Beijing Yizhuang on April 19, 2026. Many robots joined the competition. Finally, a robot named “Flash” won the first prize. It even broke the human record! Everyone was surprised and excited. In my opinion, this shows technology is developing fast. Robots are becoming smarter and stronger. I believe they will help us more in the future. It makes me want to learn science hard. Let’s welcome the new age of technology together. That’s all. Thank you. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性应用文，用一般现在时和一般过去时为主 明确要点：比赛情况、感想 确定人称：第一人称my、第三人称It 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数80-100， [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开门见山，点明主题，介绍比赛情况 主体段：详细描述自己的感受 结尾段：书写结尾，表达感谢 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：比赛情况 时间说明：on April 19, 2026/on the 19th of April, 2026/Back on April 19th, 2026等 地点描述：Beijing Yizhuang/in the Yizhuang area of Beijing等 结果描述：won the first prize/got the top award/came first in the competition等 要点二：感想 感想说明：technology is developing fast/Modern technology is advancing at a high speed/Robots are getting increasingly intelligent and powerful.等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 机密★启用前 2026年全省初中学业水平考试 英 语 本试卷共10页。满分120分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。答案写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共三节，满分30分） 做题时，可先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案填涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5个句子。听完每个句子后，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听完每个句子后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。 1. A. Fine, thank you. B. She’s from Beijing. C. I’m a student. 2. A. Good idea. B. Thank you. C. I’m 15. 3. A. Yes, go ahead. B. It’s true. C. I’ll take some. 4. A. No, it’s not here. B. Good luck. C. A coffee, please. 5. A. Last week. B. Here you are. C. Yes, I am. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个或几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题。 6. How much is one cup of apple juice? A. 5 yuan. B. 6 yuan. C. 10 yuan. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题。 7. In which competition did the man come first? A. B. C. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题。 8. When did the man see the movie? A. Last night. B. Tonight. C. Two days ago. 9. How did the man feel about the movie? A. It was terrible. B. It was boring. C. It was fantastic. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题。 10. What colour is the speaker’s house? A. White. B. Red. C. Orange. 11. What does the speaker always put on her dresser? A. Lots of toys. B. A lot of flowers. C. A picture. 12. What does the speaker think of her bedroom? A. Comfortable. B. Crowded. C. Big. 听第5段材料，回答以下小题。 13. Why is the woman calling? A. To order a meal. B. To book a room. C. To look for her glasses. 14. Where was the woman sitting? A. Near the door. B. At the corner table. C. In the lost-and-found area. 15. When will the woman probably return to the restaurant? A. In an hour. B. In half an hour. C. In two hours. 第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面1段独白。独白后有5个填空题，根据所听内容在空格内填入适当的单词。听独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，你将有1分钟的作答时间。该段独白读两遍。 Three ways to get around The first way is by bus. A long, grey bus takes my family to the mall and the ________. It is the easiest way to get there. The second way is by train. A long,________ train takes my family to other small towns and big ________ more quickly than the bus. The third way is on foot. Two strong feet take me to many different places. It is the ________ way to get around. I am ________ to have so many ways to get around! 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Are you thinking about going to university? Do you think maths, physics and history sound boring? Well, there are a lot of unusual degrees that you might not know about. Here are some of our favorites. Football Studies Students learn about football and business, society and the media. They also study sports injuries and coaching. You don’t need to play football if you want to choose this course — there won’t be any footballs in the exam room. Citrus Studies Yes, you can do a degree in oranges, lemons and limes! Students learn how to grow citrus fruits, which includes a lot of chemistry and biology. You’ll get really healthy from all that fresh fruit! Toy Design Not ready to grow up yet? Then maybe you’d like to learn how to design toys for children. But don’t think it will be easy just because you see the word ‘toy’. Students on this course study child psychology, 3D design and engineering. Bakery Science Eating cake or biscuits is probably something you do for fun. But for students on this course, it’s part of studying. Students learn about chemistry and how to manage production. There is a bakery at the university, so students can practice what they’re learning. 1. What can students learn about in Football Studies? A. Business and biology. B. Society and the media. C. Coaching and 3D design. 2. What do we know about Toy Design? A. It includes engineering. B. It is for little kids to learn. C. It will be easy for students. 3. Which degrees require students to learn about chemistry? A. Toy Design and Citrus Studies. B. Football Studies and Toy Design. C. Citrus Studies and Bakery Science. B One day, Thando and his family moved from the countryside to the city. He didn’t know if he was going to like life in the city. Soon it was Thando’s first day at school. The school was much bigger than his old school. “There are too many children,” thought Thando. “And there’s too much noise.” The first few days passed quickly, and his classmates were all friendly. But Thando felt disappointed because he hadn’t made any friends yet. Then one day, the teacher organised a game. She hid a treasure box in the classroom. The first person to find it could open it. Everyone ran around the room quickly. Soon, Amahle held up the box and smiled. Everyone else looked sad. “Can anyone suggest another way to play the game?” asked the teacher after seeing their reaction. “I can,” said Thando. “You can hide the box again. We all have to hold hands and find the treasure together.” The game started, and the children walked around the classroom, holding hands and looking for the treasure. Everyone laughed and had fun. When they found the box, they opened it together. Inside they found 20 strips (带状物) of coloured paper. “Everyone, choose a piece of paper and fold it,” said the teacher. “Now put all your strips of paper together.” “It’s a paper chain,” laughed Amahle. “Sharing the treasure was a great idea, Thando!” “My mother always says to me, ‘How can I be happy if someone in my community is sad?’” said Thando. “That’s wonderful. Remember — we’re all connected,” said the teacher as Thando and his new friends hung the paper chain around the classroom. 4. What happened to Thando during the first few days in his new school? A. He didn’t make any friends. B. He found his classmates serious. C. He became disappointed at his grades. 5. What was Thando’s suggestion for the game? A. Amahle should hide the box. B. The students should work as a team. C. The teacher should look for the treasure. 6. How might Thando feel at the end of the story? A. Worried. B. Calm. C. Joyful. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. What Thando did for the teacher. B. Why Thando went to a new school. C. How Thando became part of the class. C Ms. Beryl and Layla are great friends. It doesn’t matter that Beryl is 87, and Layla is four. The pair have many interests in common, and they spend a lot of time together. They make drawings, play games, and laugh at each other’s jokes. The two attend an intergenerational preschool called Mother Nurture. It brings society’s oldest and youngest members together in a community. “At Mother Nurture the kids have someone who can tell great stories, but who also has the time and patience to really listen to them,” says director, Penny Livingston. “Many of the children do not have grandparents in the same city, and their friendships with their elderly ‘classmates’ make it possible for them to get along with people at a different stage of life.” For the elderly, the experience is also rewarding (有益的). The children bring the joy and excitement of youth into their lives, and the time spent with kids improves their health. The elderly report feeling less lonely. Their minds work better, and even their bodies seem to benefit from staying with the children because they move more. Mother Nurture is just one of many such programmes that have appeared around the world. The programmes work and even the kids’ parents benefit. Many families do not have relatives nearby, and the chance for their children to spend time with a person like a grandmother or grandfather pleases parents. “We kind of get stuck with people who are the same age as us,” says Maya, a caregiver who has worked at Mother Nurture for three years. “When I see how careful the children are around their older friends, I know they are developing empathy (共情) for people who are different,” she says. “And that is good news for the rest of us since we will all be old one day.” 8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To compare two friends in a preschool. B. To show the importance of the same hobbies. C. To introduce the programme Mother Nurture. 9. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Many of the children. B. The elderly classmates. C. The children’s grandparents. 10. What is an advantage of Mother Nurture? A. It lets the kids’ families spend more time with their relatives. B. It helps the elderly become healthier both in body and mind. C. It gives the kids more chances to live with their grandparents. 11. What can we infer about Maya? A. She believes being old is good news. B. She thinks highly of Mother Nurture. C. She hopes to work for Mother Nurture. D Every time you send an email, a message, a photo or post something on the Internet, you save paper. However, you leave behind your digital carbon (碳) footprint. You may think that the Internet has no effect on the physical world, but we store all the information on different websites, apps and social media on computer servers (服务器). They use lots of electricity. At the same time, they need to be cool, so we use more electricity to keep the temperature low. However, the production of electricity increases our carbon footprint and heats up our earth. All information, pictures and music on the Internet travel in small packets called data (数据). So when we do an online search, the question we have put into the computer becomes data. The computer sends this data to the servers. They then process (处理) the question and send it back to our computers as data. The faster the search engine (引擎) works, the bigger the use of electricity. We use the most electricity when we watch a video online. This is because a lot of data travels to and from the server. Different kinds of technology need different amounts (量) of electricity to work. For example, mobile phones use electromagnetic waves. These waves need more energy to move through buildings, bad weather and even plants. So again, the use of electricity is bigger. Cloud computing also uses a lot of energy because instead of saving your material on your computer, you store it on the server. So again, more data travels between the servers and the computers, using large amounts of energy. One way to stop this waste is to always update your apps or software. For example, an old word processing tool needs four times more energy to work than a new one. Another way is to think before we see a film online: do you really need to see it for the tenth time? 12. In what way do we leave behind a digital carbon footprint? A. By using the Internet. B. By producing electricity. C. By keeping the servers cool. 13. Why does watching a video online use much electricity? A. It makes the search engine stop working. B. Lots of data travels to and from the server. C. Many questions are put into the computer. 14. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A. Much data uses large amounts of energy. B. Cloud computing uses more energy than mobile phones. C. Different technologies use different amounts of electricity. 15. What can reduce our digital carbon footprint? A. Using the latest apps or software. B. Seeing a film online many times. C. Working with an old word processing tool. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Most people agree that, when it comes to exercise, the harder you train, the fitter you become. But did you realise when you exercise also matters? ____16____ Many people think the morning is the best time for exercise, because they have more energy then and they feel less and less active as the day progresses. ____17____ Our bodies have natural rhythms (节律), so the best time of day to exercise is different for different people. It also depends on what your goal is. Recent research suggests that the higher your body’s temperature, the better your performance. ____18____ So it could be the best time for a workout. However, if you want to lose weight, the best time of day to exercise is early in the morning. ____19____ And if your aim is simply to keep physically healthy, then a long walk is OK — at any time of day. Be careful, though. ____20____ You would like to train harder and harder as you start to feel fitter, but remember that the more you exercise, the higher the risk of getting hurt. Overall, it’s far safer to do a small amount of exercise regularly (规律地). Your workout will be a little easier each day, and as you get fitter, it will become more and more enjoyable. A. We should keep exercising every day. B. However, it is not quite as simple as that. C. That’s when your body will burn most energy. D. It can be as important as how much exercise you do. E. Most people’s temperature is highest in the late afternoon. F. Doing too much exercise can be almost as bad as not doing enough. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While most 10-year-olds are spending their free time playing video games, Ernesto is busy running his own 3D printing business and dreaming of buying his mom a house someday. Inside a small workshop at home, Ernesto spends his days ____21____ and printing colourful creations including model planes, can openers, and things meant to help people dealing with stress. The ____22____ first took shape just a few months ago when Ernesto told his mother he wanted to make money through 3D printing. Instead of ____23____ buying him a machine, she encouraged him to work and save for it himself. After ____24____ $500, Ernesto bought his first printer and started Prestige 3D Labs. He taught himself how to create custom designs by watching online courses and quickly ____25____ there was real demand (需求) for his products. Business has grown fast and his ____26____ are becoming more and more popular. Ernesto says he has already made around $1,500, and demand became so strong that he ____27____ with a local clothing store to help sell his products. Now, three printers run regularly to keep up with ____28____ coming in from across the Rio Grande Valley. For Ernesto’s mother, the ____29____ has become more than just a way for her son to make money. It has also become valuable time spent together. She says balancing school, football practice, and a growing business can sometimes be ____30____ for Ernesto, but she believes the experience is teaching him lessons that will last a lifetime. 21. A. finding B. writing C. designing 22. A. idea B. habit C. rule 23. A. generally B. simply C. exactly 24. A. saving B. donating C. borrowing 25. A. explained B. realised C. reminded 26. A. printers B. courses C. creations 27. A. partnered B. compared C. travelled 28. A. gifts B. orders C. toys 29. A. business B. show C. game 30. A. normal B. dangerous C. stressful 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 Fan Zhongyan (989–1052) was a statesman and scholar (学者) of the Song Dynasty. When Fan Zhongyan was 22 years old, he ____31____ (give) a chance to study at the famous Yingtian Academy (书院). Fan Zhongyan was very poor and ate porridge for every meal. After four years of hard work, he passed the imperial examination ____32____ became a government official. When he ____33____ (leave) Yingtian Academy in 1015, Fan Zhongyan didn’t expect that he would return years later as its principal (负责人). On his return, he made many positive ____34____ (change). Looking back on his own student days, he often used his own money ____35____ (support) poor students. He also offered a ____36____ (talent) scholar named Sun Fu a position in the academy so that Sun Fu could work and study at the same time. With money to raise his family, Sun Fu studied day and night, ____37____ (final) becoming a respected scholar. In 1040, Fan Zhongyan became a vice governor. While working in what is today’s Henan Province in 1046, he made a ____38____ (decide) to improve education for the local people. Choosing a beautiful setting, he set up Huazhou Academy. There, Fan Zhongyan ____39____ (write) his most famous article, “On Yueyang Tower”. Fan Zhongyan devoted (奉献) ____40____ (he) time and money to supporting people in their search for knowledge. He set an example for many scholars, who in turn, would be encouraged to follow him. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Farah was on her parents’ farm in Malaysia. She heard a funny noise and went to look. She found a baby orangutan (猩猩). It was lonely and scared. Farah went to tell her parents. “There’s an orangutan sanctuary (庇护地) ten miles from here,” said Dad. “We should call them.” “Good idea,” said Mom. “I’ll call them now.” “He looks hungry,” said Dad. “I’ll get him a banana.” “He needs a name,” said Farah. “I’ll call him Coco.” A team from the sanctuary arrived quickly. “Why does Coco have to go to the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Orangutans are in danger in their habitat (栖息地) because there are logging sites (伐木点), big farms and illegal (非法的) hunters,” said the sanctuary assistant. “Coco is very young. At the sanctuary, he can grow up safely.” “What happens at the sanctuary?” asked Farah. “Well, Coco looks healthy, but tomorrow the vets (兽医) are going to do a check-up and they’re going to give him vaccinations (疫苗). The day after tomorrow, we’re going to send him to the orangutan school at the sanctuary!” “Orangutan school!” said Farah. “What’s that?” The sanctuary assistant smiled. “Orangutans usually stay with their mothers for six years. They learn how to live in the jungle. At the sanctuary, they learn from each other. Next week, the team is going to give Coco a buddy — an older orangutan who can teach him. He needs to learn how to find food and where to sleep.” “Orangutan school sounds fun!” said Farah. “We’re going to keep Coco at the sanctuary for a while. You can be a volunteer and help out.” Farah smiled, “I’d like that. I’ll come and visit Coco! I can’t wait!” 41. Where did Farah find Coco? _______________________________________________ 42. What are the dangers to orangutans in the habitat according to the text? _______________________________________________ 43. How are people at the sanctuary going to help Coco? (list 2 ways) _______________________________________________ 44. What kind of person do you think Farah is? And why? _______________________________________________ 45. What would you like to do if you have a chance to help wildlife? (at least 15 words) _______________________________________________ 第二节（满分20分） 46. 假如你是李华，你准备在英语课“Daily News”环节，介绍在北京举办的机器人半程马拉松的有关情况。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 比赛情况； 时间 地点 结果 2026年4月19日 北京亦庄 名为“Flash”的机器人夺冠、打破人类纪录 2. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 词数80-100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息。 参考词汇：half-marathon（n. 半程马拉松） Hello, everyone! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $