2026-2027学年冀教版英语八年级上册语法专题训练

**基本信息** 聚焦冀教版八年级上册8大核心语法考点，通过“规则-错误-分层训练”体系构建系统性语法突破路径，72道精选题覆盖时态、词法、句法，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |八大语法考点|每考点含基础/提升/拓展题，共72题|语法规则系统归纳+经典错误深度辨析|从词法（比较级、不定式）到句法（被动语态、从句）的递进式架构|

冀教版（2026）八年级上册 英语语法专题训练 8大核心考点 · 72道精选题 · 含详细解析 教材版本：冀教版（2026） | 适用年级：八年级上册 单元覆盖：Unit 1 ~ Unit 8 全册重点语法 八大语法考点总览 考点一 一般将来时 （Unit 1 Me and my class）— will vs be going to 的区别与用法 考点二 一般过去时 （Unit 2 Festivals and holidays）— 规则/不规则动词过去式变化 考点三 比较级与最高级 （Unit 3 Better you, better me!）— 形容词/副词三级变化与句型 考点四 动词不定式 （Unit 4 Being a good learner）— to do 作宾语/目的状语/宾补 考点五 情态动词 （Unit 4 / Unit 8）— can/must/should/had better 等 考点六 现在完成时 （Unit 5 Work education）— have/has + P.P. 与 for/since 连用 考点七 被动语态 （Unit 8 Protecting the environment）— be + P.P. 各时态被动结构 考点八 并列句与状语从句 （Unit 2 / Unit 3 / Unit 6）— and/but/or/so + when/if/while 考点一：一般将来时（will vs be going to） 📘 语法规则 ① will + 动词原形：表示纯粹的将来事实或临时决定，无人称和数的变化。 I will help you with your homework. He will become a doctor. ② be going to + 动词原形：表示事先计划、打算要做的事，或根据迹象推测即将发生的事。 She is going to visit her grandparents. Look at the clouds. It is going to rain. ③ 否定：will not (won't) / am not / isn't / aren't going to ④ 疑问：Will you...? / Are you going to...? ⑤ 易混辨析：will 侧重'临时决定/纯粹预测'；be going to 侧重'事先计划/有迹象'。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：will 与 be going to 混用 × I will go to Qingdao next week because I have already booked the ticket. √ I am going to go to Qingdao next week because I have already booked the ticket. 【原因】已有计划/安排用 be going to，不能用 will。will 用于临时决定。 ❌ 错误二：be going to 结构遗漏 be 动词 × She going to visit her grandparents this summer. √ She is going to visit her grandparents this summer. 【原因】be going to 中的 be 动词 (am/is/are) 绝不能省略。 ❌ 错误三：will 否定缩写错误 × I will not to go there. √ I won't go there. 【原因】will not = won't，后接动词原形，不加 to。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. Olivia ______ a volunteer at the animal shelter next weekend. A. will be B. is being C. was D. has been 2. Look at the dark clouds! It ______ rain soon. A. will B. is going to C. was D. has been 3. They ______ to Wuhan by high-speed train tomorrow morning. A. go B. are going C. are going to go D. will going ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. — There is a knock at the door. — I ______ it. It must be Jam. A. answer B. am answering C. will answer D. am going to answer 2. We ______ a class meeting to discuss the school trip to Xiamen next week. A. have B. are having C. are going to have D. will have 3. You'd better ______ late for school again, or the teacher will be angry. A. not be B. not to be C. don't be D. to not be ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. Chen Wei (visit) ______ his grandparents in Jinan next month. （所给词：visit） 2. They (go) ______ to plant trees in the park this Saturday. （所给词：go） 3. Bella (not come) ______ to the party because she is busy. （所给词：not come） 考点二：一般过去时（规则/不规则动词变化） 📘 语法规则 ① 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 ② 规则变化：直接加-ed (work→worked)；以e结尾加-d (live→lived)； 辅音+y结尾变y为i加-ed (study→studied)；重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed (stop→stopped)。 ③ 不规则变化需单独记忆：go→went, eat→ate, see→saw, do→did, have→had, make→made。 ④ 否定：did not (didn't) + 动词原形。 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形...? ⑤ 常与 yesterday, last week, in 2020, two days ago 等过去时间状语连用。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：一般过去时疑问句中动词未还原 × Did you went to the park yesterday? √ Did you go to the park yesterday? 【原因】Did 开头的一般疑问句，后面的动词必须用原形。 ❌ 错误二：规则动词过去式双写错误 × I stoped the car at the red light. √ I stopped the car at the light. 【原因】重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，须双写尾字母再加 -ed。 ❌ 错误三：不规则动词用错形式 × He goed to Xiamen last month. √ He went to Xiamen last month. 【原因】go 是不规则动词，过去式为 went，不能加 -ed。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. Lily ______ to the Great Wall with her family last summer. A. go B. goes C. went D. has gone 2. They ______ a wonderful time during the Dragon Boat Festival. A. have B. has C. had D. are having 3. Zhang Hao ______ his homework before dinner yesterday. A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. has finished ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. — Did you see the fireworks on National Day? — Yes, I ______ them from my balcony. A. watch B. watched C. have watched D. was watching 2. The students ______ the classroom when the teacher came in. A. clean B. cleaned C. were cleaning D. have cleaned 3. Olivia ______ a birthday card for her best friend last week. A. make B. makes C. made D. has made ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. Jam (stop) ______ playing computer games after his mother talked to him. （所给词：stop） 2. They (study) ______ English grammar for two hours yesterday evening. （所给词：study） 3. Chen Wei (not go) ______ to school yesterday because he was ill. （所给词：not go） 考点三：形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 📘 语法规则 ① 单音节词：比较级 +er，最高级 +est (tall→taller→tallest, fast→faster→fastest)。 ② 以e结尾：+r / +st (large→larger→largest)。 ③ 辅音+y结尾：变y为i +er / +est (happy→happier→happiest)。 ④ 重读闭音节双写尾字母：big→bigger→biggest。 ⑤ 多音节词：more / the most + 原级 (important→more important→the most important)。 ⑥ 不规则：good/well→better→best; bad/badly→worse→worst; many/much→more→most; little→less→least; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest。 ⑦ 句型：A + be + 比较级 + than + B; A + be + the + 最高级 + in/of... ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：多音节词比较级误加 -er × She is beautifuller than her sister. √ She is more beautiful than her sister. 【原因】多音节形容词用 more + 原级，不能加 -er。 ❌ 错误二：最高级前漏掉 the × He is tallest student in our class. √ He is the tallest student in our class. 【原因】形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the。 ❌ 错误三：比较对象不一致 × The weather in Wuhan is hotter than Kunming. √ The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Kunming. 【原因】比较须同类事物，用 that 替代前面的 weather 避免重复。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. The weather in Wuhan is much ______ than that in Kunming in summer. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. more hot 2. Among all the students, Zhou Kai runs ______. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 3. This book is ______ of the three. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. The ______ you practice, the ______ your spoken English will be. A. more; better B. much; good C. more; good D. most; best 2. She is one of ______ singers in China. A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous 3. My sister is two years ______ than me, but she is ______ than me. A. younger; taller B. young; tall C. younger; more tall D. young; more taller ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. Qingdao is (beautiful) ______ than Jinan in spring. （所给词：beautiful） 2. This is the (exciting) ______ movie I have ever seen. （所给词：exciting） 3. He is getting (strong) ______ and (strong) ______ every day. （所给词：strong） 考点四：动词不定式（to do 作宾语、目的状语、宾补） 📘 语法规则 ① 作宾语：接在 want, hope, plan, decide, agree, try, learn, wish, refuse, offer 等动词后。 I want to improve my English. She decided to take up painting. ② 作目的状语：to + 动词原形，表'为了……'，可放句首或句末。 We plant trees to protect the environment. = To protect the environment, we plant trees. ③ 同义结构：in order to do (可放句首/句末)；so as to do (不可放句首)。 ④ 作宾语补足语：动词 + sb. + to do (ask/tell/want/encourage/teach/remind/allow sb. to do)。 The teacher told us to turn off the lights. ⑤ 否定形式：not to + 动词原形。 help sb. (to) do 中 to 可省略。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：不定式符号 to 后误加 s × She wants to goes shopping. √ She wants to go shopping. 【原因】to 后必须接动词原形，不能加第三人称单数变化。 ❌ 错误二：目的状语误用 for + 动词原形 × He went to the library for borrow some books. √ He went to the library to borrow some books. 【原因】表示目的用 to do，不能用 for + 动词原形。 ❌ 错误三：宾补结构中漏掉 to × The teacher made us to clean the classroom. √ The teacher made us clean the classroom. 【原因】make/let/have 后作宾补的不定式省略 to。但 ask/tell/want 后必须有 to。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. Olivia plans ______ a volunteer in the community centre. A. be B. to be C. being D. to being 2. They went to the library ______ some books about animals. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed 3. The teacher asked us ______ quietly in the reading room. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. Chen Wei decided ______ his spare time helping the elderly in the nursing home. A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent 2. ______ protect the environment, we should reduce plastic use. A. In order to B. So as to C. For D. To 3. My parents encouraged me ______ harder at maths this term. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. Lily hopes (become) ______ a doctor when she grows up. （所给词：become） 2. They worked day and night (finish) ______ the project on time. （所给词：finish） 3. The monitor reminded everyone (bring) ______ water bottles for the trip. （所给词：bring） 考点五：情态动词（can/could/may/must/should 等） 📘 语法规则 ① can/could 表能力或许可：I can swim. Could you help me? (更委婉) ② may 表许可或可能性：May I borrow your pen? It may rain tomorrow. ③ must 表必须/肯定推测：You must finish your homework. He must be tired. ④ mustn't 表禁止（≠ needn't 不必）：You mustn't cheat in exams. ⑤ should 表建议/义务：You should make a study plan. ⑥ had better (not) do：You had better not be late again. ⑦ need 作情态动词：否定 needn't（不必），疑问 Need I...? 作实义动词：need to do。 ⑧ 特征：后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化，否定加 not，疑问提前。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：mustn't 与 needn't 混淆 × You needn't cheat in exams. √ You mustn't cheat in exams. 【原因】mustn't 表示'禁止'；needn't 表示'不必'。考试作弊是禁止，用 mustn't。 ❌ 错误二：should 后误加 to × You should to study harder. √ You should study harder. 【原因】情态动词后一律接动词原形，不加 to。 ❌ 错误三：can 表示能力时误用 could × He can swim when he was five. √ He could swim when he was five. 【原因】描述过去的能力要用 could，不能用现在时 can。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. You ______ play football in the street. It's too dangerous. A. must B. can C. mustn't D. needn't 2. — ______ I borrow your dictionary? — Sure, here you are. A. Must B. Should C. Can D. Need 3. We ______ listen to the teacher carefully in class. A. can B. should C. need D. may ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. — Must I finish the report today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't 2. When Olivia was five, she ______ already read simple English stories. A. can B. could C. may D. must 3. You'd better ______ too much time on mobile games. It's bad for your eyes. A. not spend B. don't spend C. not to spend D. to not spend ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. You (must / not) ______ talk loudly in the library. （所给词：must / not） 2. She (can) ______ swim across the lake when she was only eight. （所给词：can） 3. We (should / always) ______ be polite to our teachers and parents. （所给词：should / always） 考点六：现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词） 📘 语法规则 ① 结构：have/has + P.P. 否定：haven't/hasn't + P.P. 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + P.P.? ② 用法一：表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have already finished my homework. She has just left. ③ 用法二：表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的动作或状态（常与 for/since 连用）。 He has lived here for ten years. We have known each other since 2020. ④ 标志词：already（肯定句）, yet（否定/疑问句）, ever, never, just, before, recently。 ⑤ for + 时间段 (for two hours)；since + 时间点/从句 (since last Monday)。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：already 用在疑问句中 × Have you already finished your homework? √ Have you finished your homework yet? 【原因】already 用于肯定句，疑问句和否定句用 yet。 ❌ 错误二：for 和 since 混用 × She has lived here since ten years. √ She has lived here for ten years. 【原因】for + 时间段，since + 时间点。ten years 是时间段，用 for。 ❌ 错误三：现在完成时与一般过去时混淆 × I have seen that movie yesterday. √ I saw that movie yesterday. 【原因】yesterday 是具体过去时间，用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. Lily ______ already ______ her homework. She is watching TV now. A. has; finished B. have; finished C. has; finish D. is; finishing 2. — Have you ever ______ to Xiamen? — Yes, I went there last year. A. go B. went C. gone D. been 3. They ______ in this city for ten years. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. are living ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. Zhou Kai ______ the book for two weeks. He hasn't finished it yet. A. borrowed B. has borrowed C. has kept D. kept 2. — Where is Bella? — She ______ to the post office. She'll be back soon. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 3. I ______ this movie twice. It's really meaningful. A. saw B. have seen C. was seeing D. had seen ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. Olivia (not visit) ______ her grandparents since she moved to Wuhan. （所给词：not visit） 2. They (live) ______ in Qingdao for five years. （所给词：live） 3. Jam (just / finish) ______ reading the book about wild animals. （所给词：just / finish） 考点七：被动语态（be + 过去分词） 📘 语法规则 ① 结构：be (am/is/are/was/were) + P.P. 主语是动作的承受者。 ② 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + P.P. Water is polluted by chemicals. ③ 一般过去时被动：was/were + P.P. Many trees were cut down last year. ④ 含情态动词被动：情态动词 + be + P.P. Waste should be sorted. ⑤ 现在进行时被动：am/is/are being + P.P. The river is being cleaned. ⑥ 主动变被动步骤：1) 宾语变主语 → 2) 动词变 be + P.P. → 3) 主语变 by 短语（可省） ⑦ 常用 by 短语说明动作执行者：by hand, by workers, by the government。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：被动语态中 be 动词漏掉 × The book written by a famous author. √ The book was written by a famous author. 【原因】被动语态必须有 be 动词 + P.P.，不能只有过去分词。 ❌ 错误二：过去分词形式错误 × The window was breaked by the wind. √ The window was broken by the wind. 【原因】break 的过去分词是 broken，不是 breaked。需牢记不规则变化。 ❌ 错误三：主动变被动时主语遗漏 × Was cleaned yesterday. √ The classroom was cleaned (by us) yesterday. 【原因】被动句主语是原句的宾语，by 短语可省略但原宾语必须保留作主语。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. English ______ as a foreign language in most Chinese schools. A. teaches B. is taught C. taught D. was taught 2. A new bridge ______ over the river last year. A. built B. was built C. is built D. has built 3. The classroom ______ by the students every day. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. was cleaned D. has cleaned ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. Waste should ______ properly to protect the environment. A. sort B. sorted C. be sorted D. been sorted 2. The new hospital ______ by the government next year. A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. has been built 3. The song ______ by millions of people all over the world. A. loves B. is loved C. was loved D. has loved ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. The letter (write) ______ by Chen Wei yesterday. （所给词：write） 2. Trees (plant) ______ by the students every spring. （所给词：plant） 3. The work (must / finish) ______ before Friday. （所给词：must / finish） 考点八：并列句与状语从句（and/but/or/so + when/if） 📘 语法规则 ① 并列连词 and（并列/顺承）：She likes painting, and she often goes to the art museum. ② 并列连词 but（转折）：He ran fast, but he didn't win the race. ③ 并列连词 or（选择/否则）：You can choose red or blue. Study hard, or you will fail. ④ 并列连词 so（因果）：It rained heavily, so we stayed at home. ⑤ 时间状语从句 when/while/before/after： When the Spring Festival comes, people decorate their houses. While we were having dinner, the phone rang. ⑥ 条件状语从句 if：主将从现 — If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. ⑦ 注意：并列句中主语相同可省略后句主语；从句时态受主句制约。 ⚠ 经典错误 ❌ 错误一：if 条件句中用 will × If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. √ If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 【原因】if 引导的条件状语从句遵循'主将从现'原则，从句用一般现在时。 ❌ 错误二：but 与 although 连用 × Although he was tired, but he kept working. √ Although he was tired, he kept working. 【原因】although 和 but 不能连用，只能选其一。 ❌ 错误三：when 与 while 混淆 × When we were having dinner, the phone was ringing. √ While we were having dinner, the phone rang. 【原因】短暂性动作（ring）用 when 引导；延续性动作（have dinner）用 while 引导。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） 1. Olivia likes singing, ______ she often practises after school. A. but B. or C. and D. so 2. Hurry up, ______ you will miss the early bus to Jinan. A. and B. but C. or D. so 3. ______ it was raining heavily, they still went to school on time. A. Because B. Although C. If D. When ▷ 提升题（选择题） 1. If it ______ tomorrow, we will stay at home and read books. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 2. ______ we were walking in the park, we met our old friend Zhang Hao. A. When B. While C. If D. Because 3. She is very tired, ______ she keeps working to help others. A. and B. or C. but D. so ★ 拓展题（用所给词适当形式填空） 1. The higher you climb, (good) ______ the view will be. （所给词：good） 2. We should protect the earth (because) ______ it is our only home. （所给词：because） 3. They were playing football (when) ______ it started to rain. （所给词：when） 参考答案与详细解析 考点一：一般将来时（will vs be going to） 【基础题】 1. 答案：A | next weekend 表将来，且是临时决定/纯粹预测，用 will + 动词原形。 2. 答案：B | 根据乌云这一迹象推测即将下雨，用 be going to。 3. 答案：B | tomorrow morning 表将来且有计划安排，用 be going to + 动词原形。 【提升题】 1. 答案：C | 听到敲门声临时决定去开门，用 will 表临时决定。 2. 答案：C | 已计划好的活动用 be going to。have a meeting 是固定搭配。 3. 答案：A | had better (not) + 动词原形，否定形式在 better 后加 not。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：will visit | next month 表将来，用 will + 动词原形。 2. 答案：are going to go | this Saturday 表将来，有计划地做某事用 be going to。 3. 答案：won't come | will not = won't，后接动词原形，表将来不会来。 考点二：一般过去时（规则/不规则动词变化） 【基础题】 1. 答案：C | last summer 是过去时间状语，用一般过去时，go 的过去式是 went。 2. 答案：C | 节日已经过去，用一般过去时，have 的过去式是 had。 3. 答案：C | yesterday 是过去时间，用一般过去时，finish 的过去式直接加 -ed。 【提升题】 1. 答案：B | 问句用 Did 提问过去的事，答句也用一般过去时，watch 的过去式是 watched。 2. 答案：C | when 引导的过去时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时 were cleaning 表示当时正在进行的动作。 3. 答案：C | last week 表过去，make 是不规则动词，过去式为 made。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：stopped | 重读闭音节，双写 p 再加 -ed。after 引导的从句是过去时，主句也用过去时。 2. 答案：studied | 辅音+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -ed。yesterday evening 是过去时间。 3. 答案：didn't go | 否定过去时用 didn't + 动词原形。yesterday 是过去时间标志。 考点三：形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 【基础题】 1. 答案：B | than 是比较级标志，hot 是重读闭音节，双写 t 加 -er → hotter。 2. 答案：C | among all 表示三者以上比较，用最高级。fast 的最高级是 fastest。 3. 答案：D | of the three 表示三者比较，用最高级，且最高级前须加 the。 【提升题】 1. 答案：A | the + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 表示越……越……。practice 用 more，be 用 better。 2. 答案：D | one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词，表示最……之一。famous 多音节用 most。 3. 答案：A | 前半句用比较级 younger，后半句用 taller。两个都是单音节词直接加 -er。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：more beautiful | 多音节形容词比较级用 more + 原级。than 提示用比较级。 2. 答案：most exciting | the + most + 多音节形容词原级，ever 提示用最高级。 3. 答案：stronger; stronger | 比较级 + and + 比较级，表示越来越……。strong 直接加 -er。 考点四：动词不定式（to do 作宾语、目的状语、宾补） 【基础题】 1. 答案：B | plan to do sth. 计划做某事，plan 后接不定式作宾语。 2. 答案：B | 不定式 to borrow 作目的状语，表示去图书馆的目的。 3. 答案：B | .. 【提升题】 1. 答案：B | decide to do sth. 决定做某事，不定式作宾语。 2. 答案：A | in order to 可放句首表目的。so as to 不能放句首。for 后接名词不接动词原形。 3. 答案：C | encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事，不定式作宾补。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：to become | hope to do sth. 希望做某事，不定式作宾语。 2. 答案：to finish | 不定式 to finish 作目的状语，表示工作的目的。 3. 答案：to bring | remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事，不定式作宾补。 考点五：情态动词（can/could/may/must/should 等） 【基础题】 1. 答案：C | 在街上踢球危险，表示禁止，用 mustn't。 2. 答案：C | 请求许可用 Can I...? 或 May I...? 回答 Sure 表示同意。 3. 答案：B | 课堂上认真听讲是建议/义务，用 should。 【提升题】 1. 答案：B | Must I...? 的否定回答用 needn't（不必），不用 mustn't（禁止）。 2. 答案：B | 描述过去的能力用 could。when she was five 是过去时间。 3. 答案：A | had better (not) + 动词原形。否定在 better 后加 not。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：mustn't | 图书馆禁止大声说话，mustn't 表示禁止。 2. 答案：could | 过去的能力用 could。when she was eight 是过去时间。 3. 答案：should always | 情态动词后接动词原形，always 放在 should 和 be 之间。 考点六：现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词） 【基础题】 1. 答案：A | already 是现在完成时标志，主语 Lily 是第三人称单数，用 has + P.P.。 2. 答案：D | have been to 表示去过某地（已回来），ever 是现在完成时标志。 3. 答案：C | for ten years 表示从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时 have lived。 【提升题】 1. 答案：C | borrow 是短暂性动词，不能接 for + 时间段，须用延续性动词 keep 的现在完成时 has kept。 2. 答案：B | has gone to 表示去了某地（还没回来）。has been to 表示去过已回。 3. 答案：B | twice 表示经历，用现在完成时 have seen。强调过去经历对现在的影响。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：hasn't visited | since 引导的时间状语，主句用现在完成时。主语 Olivia 是第三人称单数用 has。 2. 答案：have lived | for five years 表示从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时 have lived。 3. 答案：has just finished | just 是现在完成时标志词，主语 Jam 用 has + P.P.。 考点七：被动语态（be + 过去分词） 【基础题】 1. 答案：B | 主语 English 是 teach 的承受者，用被动语态。客观事实用一般现在时 is taught。 2. 答案：B | last year 是过去时间，主语 bridge 是 build 的承受者，用一般过去时被动 was built。 3. 答案：B | every day 是一般现在时标志，主语 classroom 是 clean 的承受者，用 is cleaned。 【提升题】 1. 答案：C | 情态动词被动结构：情态动词 + be + P.P.。waste 是 sort 的承受者。 2. 答案：C | next year 表将来，主语 hospital 是 build 的承受者，用一般将来时被动 will be built。 3. 答案：B | 主语 song 是 love 的承受者，客观事实用一般现在时被动 is loved。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：was written | yesterday 是过去时间，主语 letter 是 write 的承受者，用一般过去时被动 was written。 2. 答案：are planted | every spring 是一般现在时标志，主语 trees 是 plant 的承受者，用 are planted。 3. 答案：must be finished | 情态动词被动：must + be + P.P.。work 是 finish 的承受者。 考点八：并列句与状语从句（and/but/or/so + when/if） 【基础题】 1. 答案：C | 前后是并列/顺承关系，用 and 连接两个简单句。 2. 答案：C | 祈使句 + or + 陈述句，or 表示否则。hurry up 否则就赶不上车了。 3. 答案：B | although 引导让步状语从句，表示虽然……但是……。不能和 but 连用。 【提升题】 1. 答案：B | if 条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时 rains。 2. 答案：B | walk 是延续性动作，用 while 引导。when 多用于短暂性动作，while 强调持续。 3. 答案：C | 前后是转折关系（累但仍然坚持），用 but。 【拓展题】 1. 答案：the better | the + 比较级..., the + 比较级... 结构。good 的比较级是 better。 2. 答案：because | because 引导原因状语从句，解释为什么要保护地球。 3. 答案：when | when 引导时间状语从句，表示当……的时候。start 是短暂性动作，用 when。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $