2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册语法专题训练

外研版（2026）八年级上册 · 英语语法专题训练 外研版（2026）八年级上册英语语法专题训练 紧扣最新教材 · 六大单元 · 精选易错考点 适用单元： ◆ Unit 1 This is me ◆ Unit 2 Getting along ◆ Unit 3 Make it happen! ◆ Unit 4 Digital life ◆ Unit 5 Play by the rules? ◆ Unit 6 When disaster strikes ■ 基础题 ■ 提升题 ■ 拓展题 —— 三层递进 · 一题一考点 本册六大重点常考语法一览 编号 语法点 单元 核心内容 考点一 现在完成时（一） Unit 1 have/has + 过去分词；just/already/yet；have been to/gone to 考点二 现在完成时（二）for/since Unit 2 for+时间段；since+时间点；短暂性动词转延续性动词 考点三 动词不定式与动名词作宾语 Unit 3 to do / doing 作宾语的动词辨析；remember/forget 等 考点四 不定式作宾语补足语 Unit 4 ask/tell/want sb. to do；使役动词 let/make 省略 to 考点五 不定式作目的状语 + 情态动词 Unit 5 in order to / so as to；must/have to/should/mustn’t 考点六 过去进行时 + when/while Unit 6 was/were + doing；when/while 引导的时间状语从句 考点一 现在完成时（一）：结构、标志词与 have been/gone to ① 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词（+ 其他）。第三人称单数用 has，其余用 have。 ② 标志词：just（刚刚，肯定句）、already（已经，肯定句）、yet（还，否定/疑问句）、ever（曾经）、never（从未）、so far（到目前为止）。 ③ have been to 去过某地（已回）；have gone to 去了某地（未回）；have been in 在某地待了多久。 ④ 现在完成时不能与具体过去时间（yesterday, last week, in 2020）连用。 ✖ 错误 1：He has went to Qingdao yesterday. → gone 应为 been；yesterday 不能与完成时连用。 ✖ 错误 2：I have seen the film already yesterday. → already 与 yesterday 冲突。 ✖ 错误 3：She has gone to the library, so she is here now. → gone to 表示未回，与 here 矛盾，应改 been to。 ● 基础题（选择题） ◇ ( ) 1. Olivia ______ just ______ her breakfast. She isn’t hungry now. A. has; finished B. have; finished C. has; finish D. have; finish ◇ ( ) 2. — Have you ever ______ to Xiamen? — No, I haven’t. A. go B. went C. been D. gone ◇ ( ) 3. Jam ______ his homework yet, so he can’t go out to play. A. hasn’t finished B. didn’t finish C. doesn’t finish D. hasn’t finish ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ( ) 1. Lily and Chen Wei ______ in Wuhan for three days. They are still there. A. have been to B. have gone to C. have been in D. has been in ▷ ( ) 2. — Where is Zhou Kai? — He ______ to the library. You can find him there. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes ▷ ( ) 3. Bella ______ read three English novels so far this term. She loves reading. A. has B. have C. is D. was ★ 拓展题（用所给词的正确形式填空） ★ ( ) 1. Zhang Hao ______ already ______ (choose) a present for his mum. ★ ( ) 2. They ______ never ______ (be) to Kunming, but they plan to go next month. ★ ( ) 3. — ______ you ______ (see) the film yet? — Not yet. 考点二 现在完成时（二）：for / since 与短暂性动词转延续性 ① for + 时间段（for two years, for a long time）；since + 时间点 / 从句（since 2020, since he was ten）。 ② 短暂性动词（buy, die, leave, join, borrow, begin, arrive）不能与 for/since 连用，须转延续性： buy → have die → be dead leave → be away (from) join → be in / be a member of borrow → keep begin → be on ③ 句型：It is the first time + 现在完成时；This is the + 最高级 + 名词 + 现在完成时。 ✖ 错误 1：He has joined the club for two years. → joined 是短暂动词，应改为 has been in the club。 ✖ 错误 2：The old man has died since 2020. → died 短暂，应改为 has been dead since 2020。 ✖ 错误 3：I have bought the book for a week. → bought 短暂，应改为 have had the book for a week。 ● 基础题（选择题） ◇ ( ) 1. Chen Wei ______ in the football club ______ two years. A. has joined; for B. has been in; for C. joined; since D. was; for ◇ ( ) 2. Lily’s grandfather ______ for five years. She still misses him. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. was dead ◇ ( ) 3. Olivia ______ the book since last Monday. She likes it very much. A. has kept B. has borrowed C. kept D. borrowed ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ( ) 1. Jam ______ away from his hometown ______ he was twelve years old. A. has been; for B. has been; since C. was; since D. is; for ▷ ( ) 2. The film ______ for ten minutes when they got to the cinema. A. has begun B. has been on C. began D. was on ▷ ( ) 3. This is the most interesting story that Bella ______ ever ______. A. has; read B. have; read C. has; readed D. had; read ★ 拓展题（用所给词的正确形式填空） ★ ( ) 1. Zhang Hao ______ (have) the digital camera since his birthday. ★ ( ) 2. They ______ (be) good friends since primary school. ★ ( ) 3. Zhou Kai ______ (not finish) his homework yet, so he can’t watch TV. 考点三 动词不定式与动名词作宾语 ① 接 to do 作宾语的动词：hope, wish, want, decide, plan, choose, agree, refuse, expect, promise, offer, learn, pretend, manage。 ② 接 doing 作宾语的动词：enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practise, suggest, avoid, consider, miss, imagine。 ③ 两者皆可但意义不同：remember / forget / stop / try / regret / go on。 remember to do 记得要去做（未做）；remember doing 记得做过（已做）。 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事；stop doing 停止正在做的事。 ✖ 错误 1：She decided going to Qingdao. → decide 后接 to do，应改 to go。 ✖ 错误 2：I enjoy to play tennis. → enjoy 后接 doing，应改 playing。 ✖ 错误 3：Don’t forget closing the window. → 忘记要去做用 forget to do，应改 to close。 ● 基础题（选择题） ◇ ( ) 1. Lily ______ to visit her grandma in Jinan next weekend. A. hopes B. hopes going C. hopes to go D. hope to go ◇ ( ) 2. Chen Wei enjoys ______ basketball with his friends after school. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played ◇ ( ) 3. Jam decided ______ a shared bike to go to school this morning. A. ride B. to ride C. riding D. rides ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ( ) 1. Bella practised ______ English every day and made great progress. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoke ▷ ( ) 2. — Remember ______ the door when you leave. — OK, I will. A. lock B. to lock C. locking D. locked ▷ ( ) 3. They offered ______ the old man carry the heavy bag. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped ★ 拓展题（用所给词的正确形式填空） ★ ( ) 1. Zhang Hao finished ______ (read) the novel in two days. ★ ( ) 2. Zhou Kai refused ______ (tell) lies any more. ★ ( ) 3. Olivia keeps ______ (write) a diary in English. 考点四 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ① 结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + to do（不定式作宾补，说明宾语的动作）。 ② 带 to：ask / tell / want / wish / expect / encourage / invite / advise / allow / warn / teach / order + sb. + to do。 ③ 省略 to（一感二听三让四看半帮助）：feel, hear, listen to, let, make, have, see, watch, notice, help。 → 被动语态中 to 须还原：He was made to clean the room. ④ 否定：动词 + 宾语 + not to do（not 放在 to 前面）。 ✖ 错误 1：The teacher made us to clean the classroom. → make 后省略 to，应改 clean。 ✖ 错误 2：She told me not do that again. → 否定应在 to 前加 not，应改 not to do。 ✖ 错误 3：He was made clean the room by the teacher. → 被动还原 to，应改 to clean。 ● 基础题（选择题） ◇ ( ) 1. Mum asked Olivia ______ her a hand with the cooking. A. give B. to give C. giving D. gives ◇ ( ) 2. The teacher told the students ______ quiet in the library. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept ◇ ( ) 3. Jam wanted his sister ______ him with his maths homework. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ( ) 1. Lily was seen ______ the building by her classmate. A. enter B. to enter C. entering D. entered ▷ ( ) 2. The policeman warned the driver ______ so fast in the street. A. not drive B. not to drive C. don’t drive D. to not drive ▷ ( ) 3. Digital technology allows us ______ many things online easily. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did ★ 拓展题（用所给词的正确形式填空） ★ ( ) 1. Chen Wei made his little brother ______ (laugh) by telling funny jokes. ★ ( ) 2. Bella was encouraged by her teacher ______ (take) part in the speech contest. ★ ( ) 3. They asked the shopkeeper ______ (show) them the new apps. 考点五 动词不定式作目的状语 + 情态动词表义务/禁止/许可 ① 不定式作目的状语：to do（最常用）；in order to do（可放句首强调）；so as to do（口语化，不置句首）。 否定：in order not to / so as not to / not to。 ② 情态动词表义务：must（主观必须）；have to（客观不得不）；should（应该）。 ③ 情态动词表禁止：mustn’t（不准）；can’t（不可以）。 ④ 情态动词表许可：can / may / could（可以）。 ✖ 错误 1：He got up early in order to not miss the bus. → not 应放在 to 前：in order not to miss。 ✖ 错误 2：You mustn’t to talk in class. → 情态动词后接动词原形，去掉 to。 ✖ 错误 3：So as to catch the early bus, she left home at 6. → so as to 不置句首，改 in order to。 ● 基础题（选择题） ◇ ( ) 1. Zhang Hao went to the library ______ some books about animals. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed ◇ ( ) 2. In order ______ a good grade, Lily studies hard every day. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got ◇ ( ) 3. You ______ be honest with your friends. Honesty is the best policy. A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. needn’t ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ( ) 1. ______ to reduce the smell, Jam covered his nose on the bus. A. So as B. So as not C. In order D. In order not ▷ ( ) 2. — Must I finish the project today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t ▷ ( ) 3. Passengers ______ smoke on the high-speed train. It’s dangerous. A. must B. can C. should D. mustn’t ★ 拓展题（用所给词的正确形式填空） ★ ( ) 1. Bella got up early ______ (catch) the first train to Xiamen. ★ ( ) 2. You should ______ (follow) the school rules carefully. ★ ( ) 3. Zhou Kai spoke slowly so as ______ (make) himself understood. 考点六 过去进行时 + when / while 时间状语从句 ① 结构：was / were + V-ing。was 用于 I / he / she / 单数；were 用于 you / we / they / 复数。 ② 用法：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；与 when / while 连用描述过去同时发生的动作。 ③ when 后接短暂性动词（一般过去时），主句用过去进行时（正在进行的背景动作）。 ④ while 后接延续性动词（过去进行时），强调两个持续动作同时进行。 ⑤ 情态动词表过去推测：must have done（一定做过）；can’t have done（不可能做过）；might have done（可能做过）。 ✖ 错误 1：When the teacher came in, we read books. → 应用过去进行时 were reading 表示正在读书。 ✖ 错误 2：While I was walk in the park, I met Chen Wei. → walk 应改 walking。 ✖ 错误 3：The ground is wet. It must rained last night. → 推测用 must have rained。 ● 基础题（选择题） ◇ ( ) 1. At 8 o’clock last night, Olivia ______ TV with her family. A. watched B. was watching C. watches D. is watching ◇ ( ) 2. They ______ football when it began to rain heavily. A. played B. were playing C. are playing D. play ◇ ( ) 3. — What ______ you ______ at this time yesterday? — I was doing my homework. A. were; doing B. did; do C. are; doing D. do; do ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷ ( ) 1. While Lily ______ in the street, she saw a car accident. A. walked B. was walking C. walks D. is walking ▷ ( ) 2. When the earthquake ______, people ______ out of the buildings. A. happened; were running B. was happening; ran ▷ ( ) 3. The ground is all wet. It ______ last night. A. must rain B. must have rained C. can’t have rained D. might rain ★ 拓展题（用所给词的正确形式填空） ★ ( ) 1. Jam ______ (sleep) when the fire broke out. ★ ( ) 2. While they ______ (travel) in Yunnan, they took many photos. ★ ( ) 3. Chen Wei ______ (not be) at home at that time, so he missed the call. 参考答案与详细解析 考点一 现在完成时（一） 【基础题】 1. A。句意：Olivia 刚刚吃完早饭，她现在不饿了。主语 Olivia 是第三人称单数，用 has；already/just 常与完成时连用，动词用过去分词 finished。 2. C。句意：— 你去过厦门吗？— 没有。have been to 表示“去过（已回）”，ever 常用于疑问句。 3. A。句意：Jam 还没完成作业，所以不能出去玩。yet 用于否定句，用现在完成时 hasn’t finished。 【提升题】 1. C。句意：Lily 和 Chen Wei 在武汉待了三天，他们还在那里。for + 时间段，用 have been in 表示“在某地待了多久”；主语是复数用 have。 2. B。句意：— Zhou Kai 在哪？— 他去图书馆了，你在那里能找到他。has gone to 表示“去了（未回）”。 3. A。句意：Bella 这学期到目前为止已经读了三本英文小说。so far 是现在完成时标志，主语 Bella 用 has，read 的过去分词仍是 read。 【拓展题】 1. has; chosen。already 提示用现在完成时，choose 的过去分词是 chosen。 2. have; been。never 提示完成时，be to 表示“去过”，主语 They 用 have。 3. Have; seen。yet 用于疑问句，主语 you 用 Have；see 的过去分词是 seen。 考点二 for / since 与短暂性动词 【基础题】 1. B。for two years 是时间段，须用延续性表达，has been in the club 正确。 2. B。for five years 是时间段，die 是短暂动词，须转为 be dead；现在完成时 has been dead。 3. A。since last Monday 是时间点，borrow 是短暂动词，须转为 keep；has kept 正确。 【提升题】 1. B。since + 从句（一般过去时），主句用现在完成时 has been away；away 是延续性状态。 2. B。for ten minutes 是时间段，begin 是短暂动词，须转为 be on；when 从句用一般过去时，主句用 has been on。 3. A。This is the most interesting story that... 是现在完成时标志，主语 Bella 用 has；read 的过去分词是 read。 【拓展题】 1. has had。since 提示现在完成时，have 的过去分词是 had（表示“拥有”）。 2. have been。since primary school 提示现在完成时，be 的过去分词是 been。 3. hasn’t finished。yet 提示完成时否定，主语 Zhou Kai 用 hasn’t。 考点三 不定式与动名词作宾语 【基础题】 1. C。hope to do sth. 是固定搭配，主语 Lily 用 hopes to go。 2. C。enjoy doing sth. 是固定搭配，playing 正确。 3. B。decide to do sth. 是固定搭配，to ride 正确。 【提升题】 1. C。practise doing sth. 是固定搭配，speaking 正确。 2. B。remember to do sth. 记得要去做（未做），lock 用 to lock。 3. B。offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事，to help 正确。 【拓展题】 1. reading。finish doing sth. 完成做某事，read 的动名词是 reading。 2. to tell。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事，用 to tell。 3. writing。keep doing sth. 持续做某事，用 writing。 考点四 不定式作宾语补足语 【基础题】 1. B。ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，to give 正确。 2. B。tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事，to keep 正确。 3. C。want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事，to help 正确。 【提升题】 1. B。see sb. do sth. 变被动时 to 还原，was seen to enter。 2. B。warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事，not to drive 正确。 3. C。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事，to do 正确。 【拓展题】 1. laugh。make sb. do sth. 使役动词后省略 to，用 laugh。 2. to take。被动语态中 to 还原，was encouraged to take。 3. to show。ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，用 to show。 考点五 目的状语 + 情态动词 【基础题】 1. B。不定式 to borrow 作目的状语，表示“去图书馆为了借书”。 2. C。in order to do sth. 为了做某事，to get 正确。 3. A。must 表示“必须”，句意：你必须对朋友诚实。 【提升题】 1. D。in order not to do 为了不做某事，置于句首表强调，选 In order not。 2. C。Must I...? 的否定回答用 needn’t，表示“不必”。 3. D。mustn’t 表示“禁止”，句意：乘客禁止在高铁上吸烟。 【拓展题】 1. to catch。不定式 to catch 作目的状语，表示“为了赶上”。 2. follow。should 是情态动词，后接动词原形 follow。 3. to make。so as to do 为了做某事，to make 正确。 考点六 过去进行时 + when/while 【基础题】 1. B。at 8 o’clock last night 是过去具体时刻，用过去进行时 was watching。 2. B。when 引导短暂动作 began，主句用过去进行时 were playing。 3. A。at this time yesterday 提示过去进行时，主语 you 用 were doing。 【提升题】 1. B。while 后接延续性动词，用过去进行时 was walking。 2. A。when 后接短暂动词 happened，主句用过去进行时 were running。 3. B。must have done 对过去十分肯定的推测，地面全湿说明昨晚一定下过雨。 【拓展题】 1. was sleeping。when 引导的过去进行时，主语 Jam 用 was sleeping。 2. were travelling。while 后接延续性动词，用过去进行时 were travelling。 3. wasn’t。at that time 提示过去时，否定用 wasn’t。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $