专题12 阅读理解新考向之图文结合题（复习讲义）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦阅读理解图文结合核心考点，涵盖科学原理流程、逻辑层级关系、数据模型图表等六大图形类型，按文本特征与命题逻辑构建知识框架。通过命题透视研判考情，思维建模搭建解题路径，考点精讲拆解核心要素，真题训练强化应用能力，形成系统复习闭环。 资料创新采用“图形类别-解题模型-分层步骤”三维教学法，如科学原理题通过“定位现象段落-圈画核心要素-核对转化顺序”流程培养思维品质，数据模型题运用“样本特征比对法”提升语言能力。设置考向破译与真题溯源模块，助力学生高效突破命题陷阱，为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供实战指导。

专题12 阅读理解图文结合题 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点 图文结合题 知识解构 知识点1科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 知识点2逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 知识点3数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 知识点4场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 知识点5具象实物 / 示意图匹配题 知识点6主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 考向破译 考向 01 考查科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 考向02 考查逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 考向 03 考查数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 考向04 考查场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 考向 05 考查具象实物 / 肢体手势示意图匹配题 考向06 考查主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 图形大类 细分命题载体 典型标准设问 高频选材文体 常见命题陷阱设计 2026 高考考情预判 1. 科学原理 / 流程示意图 气象形成图、生物循环框图、物质转化步骤图 Which picture best illustrates…?Which diagram shows the whole process? 自然科普、生物说明文 1. 颠倒转化先后流程2. 缺失核心形成条件3. 混淆两类相似自然现象 1. 复合流程增多，单图多步骤分层2. 融合因果逻辑，和篇章结构交叉设问 2. 逻辑树形 / 层级框图 单向从属图、双向循环图、多分支成因图 Which diagram represents the relationship among…?Which mind map fits the text logic? 心理学、跨文化、遗传社科议论文 1. 单向关系错画为双向循环2. 遗漏并列分支论点3. 颠倒主次层级 树形逻辑图成为拉分难点，常搭配主旨、推理题 3. 数据模型图 韦恩交集图、时间坐标曲线、统计柱状 / 饼图 Which graph matches the rule/change trend?Which chart shows survey data? 数理统计、天文观测、社会调查文 1. 样本无交集违背实验逻辑2. 曲线升降幅度完全颠倒3. 数据占比高低错位 韦恩图、趋势曲线占比提升，纯统计图表减少 4. 场地规则平面图 体育分区图、实验操作分区图 Which pictures count as faults?Which area meets the rules? 运动指南、实验操作应用文 1. 混淆禁区与合法落地区域2. 忽略触网、出界细分细则 体育场景为命题热门，贴合生活化命题趋势 5. 实物手势具象图 家具外形图、舞蹈手部动作图 Which one is the object?Which two gestures represent…? 设计、民俗、手工艺说明文 1. 截取局部相似特征混淆2. 替换标志性核心结构 / 动作 实物图难度降低，多作为基础送分小题 6. 主题插画 / 符号逻辑链 灾害主题配图、自定义符号推导链 Which picture links to the webpage?Which chain reflects the theory? 安全公告、遗传理论议论文 1. 混淆同类灾害主题意象2. 颠倒代际 / 前后推导顺序 符号推导类新题型持续增加，侧重理科思辨 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 图形类别 标准解题思维模型 分层拆解固定步骤 标志性图文匹配关键词 专属解题方法 模型 1：科学原理流程类 核心条件→运动方向→转化步骤 1. 定位现象形成段落2. 圈出 3 类必备要素3. 核对图示气流 / 转化顺序4. 排除缺失条件干扰图 form, cool, decompose, transfer, step 要素锚定匹配法 模型 2：树形逻辑层级类 总核心概念→分支分论点→相互作用关系 1. 区分单向 / 双向逻辑2. 标记并列 / 从属层级3. 核对框图箭头指向4. 筛除逻辑颠倒选项 relationship, interact, influence, branch, factor 分层逻辑对标法 模型 3：数据模型图表类 样本规则 / 变化特征→可视化曲线 / 交集 1. 提取样本重叠 / 升降特征2. 对照图形交集、曲线走势3. 核对数据大小排序 sample, overlap, trend, percentage, rise/fall 数据特征比对法 模型 4：场地规则平面类 场地分区边界→合规 / 失误判定标准 1. 圈画禁区、边线、底线2. 记录失分判定规则3. 逐图核对落点、站位 zone, boundary, fault, legal area, bounce 分区边界定位法 模型 5：实物手势具象类 核心外形 / 手部标志性动作 1. 摘抄独有的造型、肢体描述2. 逐图比对专属细节3. 排除局部相似干扰项 shape, gesture, feature, structure 细节特征锁定法 模型 6：主题 / 符号推导类 全文核心主旨 / 符号定义→理论推导路径 1. 概括文章中心话题（主题图）2. 翻译题干符号含义（逻辑链）3. 核对推导先后顺序 theme, symbol, pass down, inherit, transfer 图文主旨互译法 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点 图文结合题 知●识●解●构 知识点1 科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 1. 考查核心：依托科普说明文，考查自然现象、生物反应、物质转化的形成条件、完整递进流程，要求筛选和原文文字核心要素、步骤顺序完全匹配的原理 / 流程框图。 2. 典型题干 · Which of the following picture best illustrates …? · Which diagram shows the whole process of …? 3. 题型细分维度 ①自然气象形成原理图；②生物循环转化流程图；③物质分解反应步骤图 4. 解题核心思路 锁定原文描述的必备形成条件、气流 / 物质运动方向、操作先后步骤，逐图核对标志性视觉元素；优先排除缺失关键要素、颠倒流程顺序、混淆同类现象特征的干扰项。 知识点2 逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 1. 考查核心：社科、心理学、遗传学文本专属，以思维导图、树形分层图、逻辑链呈现文本内在关系，考查总分并列、单向从属、双向循环作用三类逻辑辨别能力，常与篇章结构考点融合。 2. 典型题干 4. Which diagram correctly represents the relationship among …? 4. Which mind map best illustrate the relationship between …? 3. 题型细分维度 ①单向从属层级图；②双向相互循环图；③多分支并列成因图 4. 解题核心思路 划分文本逻辑层级，区分单向推导、双向互动、多分支并列三种关系；核对框图箭头指向、分支从属关系，排除单向逻辑画成双向、遗漏并列分支、颠倒主次层级的错误图示。 知识点3 数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 1. 考查核心：数理统计、天文观测、社会调查类文本，依托韦恩交集图、时间 - 指标坐标曲线、百分比统计柱状 / 饼图，考查文字数据、变化规律与图形可视化信息的互译匹配。 2. 典型题干 4. Which graph best illustrates the … method? 4. Which chart correctly illustrates the information in the passage? 3. 题型细分维度 ①韦恩交集样本分布图；②时间 - 数值变化坐标曲线图；③占比排序统计图表 4. 解题核心思路 提取原文数据特征：样本重叠关系、指标升降变化幅度、各类别数值大小排序；对照图形交集区域、曲线走势、柱状区块高度，快速排除数据逻辑矛盾的选项。 知识点4 类型 4 场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 1. 考查核心：体育运动、实操指南类应用文，提供场地平面分区示意图，结合文本明文规则，判断站位、落点属于合规动作还是失误行为，考查分区边界细节解读。 2. 典型题干 4. According to the rules, which pictures show faults? 4. Which position on the court breaks the game rules? 3. 题型细分维度 ①运动场地落点判定图；②实操区域站位分区图 4. 解题核心思路 标记原文专属功能分区（禁区、服务区分区、边线、底线），牢记失误判定细则：落禁区、出边界、击球反弹本方均为失分；逐一核对小球落点、人物站位是否触碰限制区域。 知识点5 具象实物 / 肢体手势示意图匹配题 1. 考查核心：家具设计、民俗舞蹈、手工工艺类文本，文字精准刻画器物外形、标准化肢体手势，要求比对手绘具象图片的标志性细节完成匹配。 2. 典型题干 4. Which of the following is …? 4. Which two pictures represent … and … respectively? 3. 题型细分维度 ①家具 / 器物外形示意图；②舞蹈、手工标准手势图 4. 解题核心思路 圈画原文独有的外观、动作特征（造型结构、肢体摆放、手指形态）；区分局部相似但核心特征不符的干扰图，只有完全匹配标志性细节才为正确答案。 知识点6 主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 1. 考查核心：分为两大分支，①网页公告类主旨配图：匹配全文核心话题插画；②理论符号逻辑链：依托题干自定义箭头、特殊符号，翻译专业理论推导路径。 2. 典型题干 4. Which picture when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpage? 4. Which of the following chains reflects the theories of …? 3. 题型细分维度 ①文本主旨主题插画；②自定义符号理论推导逻辑链 4. 解题核心思路 主旨配图类：概括全文核心话题，匹配包含核心意象的插画，排除无关灾害、场景；符号推导类：先翻译题干给定符号定义，拆解理论前后逻辑，核对箭头传递顺序。 考●向●破●译 考向1 科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 考查自然、生物、环境科普文本，文本完整阐述事物形成条件、递进转化流程，搭配多幅简化原理图、流程框图，要求筛选与文字核心要素、先后步骤完全吻合的图示；核心抓手是锁定形成必要条件、动作方向、转化顺序。 命题陷阱：颠倒流程顺序、缺失关键环境要素、混淆同类自然现象特征。 【典例1】 Advection fog forms when horizontal winds push warm, moist air over a cool surface, where it condenses into fog. It’s common at sea, where warm, tropical air moves over cooler water. Advection fog can cover wide areas, and the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco Bay is often hidden in advection fog. 2．Which of the following picture best illustrates advection fog? A． B． C． D． 【典例2】 The word “biodegradable” describes materials that can be broken down naturally by the environment through a process called biodegradation. During this process, fungi (真菌) and tiny microbes like bacteria break down organic matter from plants and animals. The remains become nutrient-rich material that helps new plants grow, forming a repeating and self-sustaining system often called the circle of life. This process is closely linked to the carbon cycle. During the process, plants take in carbon dioxide, animals pass carbon along the food chain, and microorganisms release it back into the air after plants and animals die, which starts a new cycle. Today, “biodegradable” can also describe some products that can break down naturally. Instead of being sent into incinerators (焚化炉) or recycling centres, biodegradable wastes usually end up in landfills. 10．Which of the following titles is correctly matched with its illustration? A．ORGANIC MATERIAL B．DECOMPOSITION C．DIGESTION D．BYPRODUCTS 考向2 逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 社科、心理学、遗传学文本专用，以树形图、思维导图、逻辑链呈现多分支并列、单向推导、双向循环作用关系；区分总概念 — 分论点、互相影响、多层级从属三类逻辑，是和篇章结构交叉最高频的图文题型。 命题陷阱：单向逻辑画成双向循环、遗漏并列分支、颠倒主次层级。 【典例1】 Since Francis Galton coined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ago, the debate about what makes us who we are has dominated the human sciences. Today, however, a new scientific field is set to reshape the debate — not by declaring victory for one side or the other, nor even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in opposition in the first place. Through this new perspective, nature and nurture are not even entirely distinguishable, because genes and environment don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other and to a very real degree even create each other. ......... Genes alone aren’t enough to determine these outcomes and neither is environment. Nature and nurture both shape each other, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way our nature expresses itself. The more opportunities and information the environment provides — the more varied environments become — the greater the influence that genetic variation has in sorting us into different categories. Nature and nurture aren’t separate forces — they’re endlessly circling back on each other. 7．Which of the following pictures correctly illustrates how nature and nurture make us who we are? A． B． C． D． 【典例2】 This connection is given special significance because each of the eight directions — North, South, East, West, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest — is governed by one of these five elements. Therefore, colors, as South representations of the elements, can be purposefully used to influence and harmonize the energy of a particular space or direction. 17．Which diagram correctly represents the relationship among colors, directions and elements? A． B． C． D． 考向3 数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 数理统计、天文观测、社会调查类文本细分两类载体：①韦恩交集图（样本重叠、种群统计）；②坐标曲线图（事物指标随时间变化趋势）；③饼 / 柱状统计图（占比数据排序），统一归类为数据模型读图匹配。 命题陷阱：样本无交集、变化幅度颠倒、数据占比高低错位。 【典例1】 Whether it’s enemy tanks in battle, animals in the wild or cutlery (餐具) in a busy canteen, it is difficult to count objects that are moving around. Luckily, there is a technique that can estimate how many there are of something without requiring you to count every single one. The capture-recapture method involves getting a sample — waiting for some animals to wander by, for instance, then collecting some — marking the individuals distinctively, then releasing them back into the population. After some time has passed, you repeat the process to pick another group of animals and count how many of them are already marked. If you captured, say, 50 animals initially and marked them all, then on your recapture step you found half the animals you saw were marked, this tells you something about the whole population. Since half the sample is marked, this implies that half of the whole population is marked — so there must be about 100 individuals. This can give a reasonably accurate estimate of a population, without having to find and count every single member of it. 20．Which of the following graph best illustrates the capture-recapture method?（marked ） A． B． C． D． 【典例2】 Step 3: Identifying the Types #1 Based on your chart, judge if your target star belongs to the main types or the rarer types of variable stars. The main types generally have regular and predictable variations, while the rarer types don’t. #2 If your target star belongs to the main types of variable stars, click here for reference charts to identify its subtype. If it belongs to the rarer types, refer to the following explanations and reference charts. ·Flare stars spend most of their time at a low brightness, and sometimes, for a few minutes, jump up in brightness. ·Recurrent novae are similar to flare stars, but they have much greater jumps in brightness, and jumps are a lot rarer. ·R Coronae Borealis stars spend most time at their maximum brightness. At unpredictable intervals, their brightness decreases quickly, and then goes back up. ·Supernovae are rare events. When a star runs out of fuel, its life changes dramatically. They are incredibly bright, but seeing one with the naked eye can be a once-in-a-lifetime event. (* In the above reference charts, T stands for TIME; B stands for BRIGHTNESS) A． B． C． D． 考向4 场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 体育、操作指南类应用文专属，给出场地分区平面示意图，结合文本规则判定落点、站位合规 / 失误，依靠场地边界、专属功能分区（禁打区、服务区分区）作为判断依据。 命题陷阱：混淆合法区域与禁区、忽略触网、出界等细分失误规则。 【典例1】 #3:each point continues until a fault After the serve, play continues until a rally is won either by someone hitting a winning shot or a fault is committed. A fault ends the rally. In pickleball, there are some basic fault types: The ball lands in the kitchen. The ball lands out of bounds(behind the baseline or outside the sideline). The ball hits the net and falls on your side. The ball bounces twice on one side before the player can return it. 25．According to #3,which pictures show faults? A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 考向5 具象实物 / 肢体手势示意图匹配题 民俗、家具、手工、舞蹈类文本，文字精准描述物体外形、手部标准动作，提供多幅具象手绘图片，比对独有标志性外形 / 肢体细节完成匹配。 命题陷阱：截取局部相似特征、替换核心标志性结构、动作。 【典例1】 Adirondack Chair Designer: Thomas Lee The first Adirondack chair was created by Thomas Lee around 1903. The Adirondack chair is an outdoor chair with wide armrests, a tall back, and a seat that is higher in the front than the back. The original design featured a small number of flat wooden boards, with the seat support combined with the back legs. 11．Which of the following is an Adirondack Chair? A． B． C． D． 【典例2】 Hand Gestures The hand gestures in hula dancing serve as a visual language, enhancing the storytelling aspect of the performance by symbolizing elements of nature and emotions. ·To represent RAIN, gracefully lift both arms above your head, then lower them slowly in front of you while delicately moving your fingers, imitating falling raindrops. ·For FLOWER, lift your hands with your fingertips pressed together, creating the shape of a blossom. ·To illustrate WIND．extend your left hand forward while circling your right hand above your head twice. ·To show the rising SUN or MOON, begin with your hands together at waist level, then move each arm outward and upward in a smooth arc (弧线) over your head. Finally, form the shape of the sun or moon by bringing your fingertips together. 40．The following pictures show some hand gestures in hula dancing. Which two of them represent FLOWER and WIND, respectively?              A．2 and 3. B．1 and4 C．2 and 4. D．1 and 3. 考向6 主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 分为两个细分小分支：①网页 / 公告主旨配图，匹配全文核心话题插画；②专业理论符号逻辑链，依托题干自定义箭头符号推导理论路径；两类均考查图文主旨、符号文字互译能力。 命题陷阱：混淆同类主题意象、颠倒符号传递逻辑。 【典例1】 Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents, hypothermia (体温过低), frostbite, and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Winter storms can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice and high winds. 41．Which of the following pictures when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpage? A． B． C． D． 【典例2】 Another possibility, Kobor says, is that DNA sequences in offspring that are inherited maternally might react to environmental stress in similar ways to what was seen in the mother, and end up with the same methylation tags. 36．Which of the following chains reflects the theories of Kobor? A．DNA* ⇒ DNA → DNA* B．DNA* ⇒ DNA* → DNA* C．DNA ⇒ DNA* → DNA D．DNA ⇒ DNA → DNA* NB     ⇒    Transition of DNA．      →    Development of DNA (individual).      *    Epigenetic marks on DNA． 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题组训练 名校模拟试题 Passage1 【来源】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（上海专用） From the time human beings began to draw them, maps have helped people find their way around their environments. But maps can show us many things, not just which direction to go. They show the path of history, the earth’s shape development of mathematics, and the progress of technology. One of the oldest-known land maps is an almost 1,600-year-old tablet from Southwest Asia. The map shows a circle of land that is divided by a river and surrounded by ocean. Triangles on the map indicate eight different regions. And the map’s text describes legendary beasts and heroes that were important to the ancient people of the area. Around AD 150,a Greek scientist drew north-south and east-west lines on a map. This addition applies mathematics to mapping and was an early attempt to show the earth’s shape on a flat piece of paper. Maps gradually became much more detailed as new regions were explored and put down on paper. Also, mathematical and astronomical advances helped to perfect the world map to what we know and love today! Now that you know a little about the early history of maps, lets learn some fun facts. East at the Top These days, most maps feature north at the top. However, during the Middle Ages, most maps had east at the top. This was done to point in the direction of the morning sun. Puzzle Maps When printed maps became available to the general population in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, not everyone could understand them. In fact, the first jigsaw puzzles(拼图游戏)were designed as practice maps for eighteenth-century geography classes! Fake Places Mapmakers need to make sure that their work is not copied by others. To protect their work, many mapmakers add made-up towns or streets to their maps. Only the original mapmaker would know about the fake entry. Modern Technology Today, digital maps and GPS technology have revolutionized the way we explore our world. With the touch of a screen, we can see our exact location, plan routes, and even view real-time traffic updates. 44．Which of the following pictures best shows the modern form of the Greek scientist’s addition to the map? A． B． C． D． 45．Fake towns or streets were often added to maps ________. A．so that it would be clear if someone copied the map. B．to make the maps less boring and more accurate. C．as a tricky challenge for people to take on. D．to help people practice how to read complicated maps. 46．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To show the development of mapping technology. B．To explain the importance of maps throughout history. C．To introduce the history of maps and some interesting facts. D．To teach some map-making tricks and techniques. Passage 2 【来源】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（上海专用） ①I read “Middlemarch” in college. None in my class got it. Why would Dorothea make such a decision on her marriage? “Trust me, you’ll read this book again when you’re forty, and you’ll say, ‘Oh, I see!’” our professor said. ②Yet there’s a theory behind the assignment of “Middlemarch”: knowledge acquired too early gets stored away. Patterns of thinking established now will be retraced later; ideas encountered first in art will prepare us for the rest of life. This sounds unclear, until you reflect on the fact that you take a class in law school today only to argue a complicated case years later. Knowledge must often molder in our mental warehouses for decades until we figure out what to do with it. ③Leslie Valiant, a distinguished computer scientist, calls our ability to learn over the long term “educability”. In his new book, “The Importance of Being Educable,” he argues that it’s key to our success. When we think about what makes our minds special, we tend to focus on intelligence. But if we want to grasp reality in all its complexity, Valiant writes, then “cleverness is not enough.” We need to build comprehensive and flexible theories about the world — theories that will serve us in new, unanticipated, and strange circumstances — and we do that by gathering diverse kinds of knowledge, often in a slow, additive, accidental way, and knitting them together. Through this process, we acquire systems of beliefs that are broader and richer than the ones we can create through direct personal experience. ④An educable mind, he writes, can learn from books, lectures, conversations, experiences, — from anything, really — and notice when relevant aspects of almost forgotten knowledge reveal themselves. We admire aspects of someone’s educability when we say that they are a quick study, but what really makes them educable is that they apply insights “for purposes not foreseen at the time of the study”. When people strike us as particularly well-educated, this might mean that they have had lots of school, but it could also mean that they’re exceptionally educable, with the ability to take good advantage of whatever educational opportunities arise, whether formal or informal. ⑤Valiant thinks it might be useful to promote educability as an ideal. We could try to figure out how to measure and teach it in schools, or to encourage it in adults; at a time when rapid technological change means there’s always more to learn, we might seek to create a more educable society in general. 47．The underlined word “molder” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “______”. A．become out-of-date B．keep practical C．remain inactive D．stay safe 48．Which of the following mind map correctly illustrate the relationship among knowledge, theory and beliefs? A． B． C． D． 49．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．True educability lies in presenting insights for unforeseen purposes. B．A quick learner overestimates the value of learning from all sources. C．Schooling ensures that an educable mind can seize all learning opportunities. D．An educable mind pursues learning even without an immediate goal in mind. 50．The passage is intended to ______. A．introduce a book on educability B．maximize the benefits of educability C．inspire people to create an educable society D．recommend a distinguished computer scientist Passage 3 【来源】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（上海专用） Every day, people worldwide volunteer for thousands of different companies and organizations. They see volunteering as a way of demonstrating what they stand for and consider valuable. What are some of the major trends in volunteering? To answer the question, we’ll need to look at some statistics. #1 Around 30% of Americans volunteer. About one-third of adult Americans formally volunteer at least once a year. 36% of the time spent in volunteering is dedicated to fundraising. Moreover, 34% of volunteering activity goes to collecting or delivering food. #2 In USA, 15% of people support hunger and homelessness causes. Hunger and homelessness causes are the most supported in USA．The next leading cause for volunteering is health and wellness, with 13% of Americans donating to those causes. Other top causes are charities for animals and wildlife and charities for the country’s younger generation, with 10% and 9% of Americans supporting them, respectively. #3 People around the world donate repeatedly. In Europe, 44% people donate repeatedly. Australia and New Zealand have a higher percentage of people who do the same — 51%, outnumbered by USA with a percentage of 57%, and in Africa, the percentage is even higher. #4 Volunteering plays a role in employment. One surprising benefit of volunteering is that it can assist in job-hunting. Volunteers who’ve been unemployed are 27% more likely to find work. That’s especially true for unemployed volunteers without secondary school experience, who are 51% more likely than non-volunteers to find a job. The trend that employers prefer volunteers to non-volunteers applies no matter how old and where the volunteers are. Statistics indicate that 91% of employers value soft skills as much as hard skills, and volunteering is an excellent way to develop soft skills in a real-world environment. #5 Women are more likely than men to volunteer. Globally, about 57% of volunteer work is done by women. Women are more likely to engage in activities like childcare for neighbors, or helping with a local environmental cleanup. In USA, 34% of women volunteer, compared to 26% of men. 51．People around the world volunteer because they ________. A．are interested in the major trends in volunteering B．are able to deal with troubles related to volunteering C．prefer to work in various kinds of companies or organizations D．regard volunteering as a way to show their identity and values 52．We can learn from #4 that ________. A．volunteering improves people’s chance of employment B．volunteers’ age will affect their likelihood of getting hired C．employers think volunteering develops soft skills as much as hard skills D．volunteers without educational background are unlikely to be employed 53．Which chart correctly illustrates the information in the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 4 【来源】华东师范大学松江实验高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNORE MORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动) with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways s and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential 1mental ability”. However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders (气缸) and not limited to just ten percent of its power. 57．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 58．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 59．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①-②-③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 阅读理解图文结合题 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点 图文结合题 知识解构 知识点1科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 知识点2逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 知识点3数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 知识点4场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 知识点5具象实物 / 示意图匹配题 知识点6主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 考向破译 考向 01 考查科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 考向02 考查逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 考向 03 考查数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 考向04 考查场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 考向 05 考查具象实物 / 肢体手势示意图匹配题 考向06 考查主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 图形大类 细分命题载体 典型标准设问 高频选材文体 常见命题陷阱设计 2026 高考考情预判 1. 科学原理 / 流程示意图 气象形成图、生物循环框图、物质转化步骤图 Which picture best illustrates…?Which diagram shows the whole process? 自然科普、生物说明文 1. 颠倒转化先后流程2. 缺失核心形成条件3. 混淆两类相似自然现象 1. 复合流程增多，单图多步骤分层2. 融合因果逻辑，和篇章结构交叉设问 2. 逻辑树形 / 层级框图 单向从属图、双向循环图、多分支成因图 Which diagram represents the relationship among…?Which mind map fits the text logic? 心理学、跨文化、遗传社科议论文 1. 单向关系错画为双向循环2. 遗漏并列分支论点3. 颠倒主次层级 树形逻辑图成为拉分难点，常搭配主旨、推理题 3. 数据模型图 韦恩交集图、时间坐标曲线、统计柱状 / 饼图 Which graph matches the rule/change trend?Which chart shows survey data? 数理统计、天文观测、社会调查文 1. 样本无交集违背实验逻辑2. 曲线升降幅度完全颠倒3. 数据占比高低错位 韦恩图、趋势曲线占比提升，纯统计图表减少 4. 场地规则平面图 体育分区图、实验操作分区图 Which pictures count as faults?Which area meets the rules? 运动指南、实验操作应用文 1. 混淆禁区与合法落地区域2. 忽略触网、出界细分细则 体育场景为命题热门，贴合生活化命题趋势 5. 实物手势具象图 家具外形图、舞蹈手部动作图 Which one is the object?Which two gestures represent…? 设计、民俗、手工艺说明文 1. 截取局部相似特征混淆2. 替换标志性核心结构 / 动作 实物图难度降低，多作为基础送分小题 6. 主题插画 / 符号逻辑链 灾害主题配图、自定义符号推导链 Which picture links to the webpage?Which chain reflects the theory? 安全公告、遗传理论议论文 1. 混淆同类灾害主题意象2. 颠倒代际 / 前后推导顺序 符号推导类新题型持续增加，侧重理科思辨 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 图形类别 标准解题思维模型 分层拆解固定步骤 标志性图文匹配关键词 专属解题方法 模型 1：科学原理流程类 核心条件→运动方向→转化步骤 1. 定位现象形成段落2. 圈出 3 类必备要素3. 核对图示气流 / 转化顺序4. 排除缺失条件干扰图 form, cool, decompose, transfer, step 要素锚定匹配法 模型 2：树形逻辑层级类 总核心概念→分支分论点→相互作用关系 1. 区分单向 / 双向逻辑2. 标记并列 / 从属层级3. 核对框图箭头指向4. 筛除逻辑颠倒选项 relationship, interact, influence, branch, factor 分层逻辑对标法 模型 3：数据模型图表类 样本规则 / 变化特征→可视化曲线 / 交集 1. 提取样本重叠 / 升降特征2. 对照图形交集、曲线走势3. 核对数据大小排序 sample, overlap, trend, percentage, rise/fall 数据特征比对法 模型 4：场地规则平面类 场地分区边界→合规 / 失误判定标准 1. 圈画禁区、边线、底线2. 记录失分判定规则3. 逐图核对落点、站位 zone, boundary, fault, legal area, bounce 分区边界定位法 模型 5：实物手势具象类 核心外形 / 手部标志性动作 1. 摘抄独有的造型、肢体描述2. 逐图比对专属细节3. 排除局部相似干扰项 shape, gesture, feature, structure 细节特征锁定法 模型 6：主题 / 符号推导类 全文核心主旨 / 符号定义→理论推导路径 1. 概括文章中心话题（主题图）2. 翻译题干符号含义（逻辑链）3. 核对推导先后顺序 theme, symbol, pass down, inherit, transfer 图文主旨互译法 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点 图文结合题 知●识●解●构 知识点1 科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 1. 考查核心：依托科普说明文，考查自然现象、生物反应、物质转化的形成条件、完整递进流程，要求筛选和原文文字核心要素、步骤顺序完全匹配的原理 / 流程框图。 2. 典型题干 · Which of the following picture best illustrates …? · Which diagram shows the whole process of …? 3. 题型细分维度 ①自然气象形成原理图；②生物循环转化流程图；③物质分解反应步骤图 4. 解题核心思路 锁定原文描述的必备形成条件、气流 / 物质运动方向、操作先后步骤，逐图核对标志性视觉元素；优先排除缺失关键要素、颠倒流程顺序、混淆同类现象特征的干扰项。 知识点2 逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 1. 考查核心：社科、心理学、遗传学文本专属，以思维导图、树形分层图、逻辑链呈现文本内在关系，考查总分并列、单向从属、双向循环作用三类逻辑辨别能力，常与篇章结构考点融合。 2. 典型题干 4. Which diagram correctly represents the relationship among …? 4. Which mind map best illustrate the relationship between …? 3. 题型细分维度 ①单向从属层级图；②双向相互循环图；③多分支并列成因图 4. 解题核心思路 划分文本逻辑层级，区分单向推导、双向互动、多分支并列三种关系；核对框图箭头指向、分支从属关系，排除单向逻辑画成双向、遗漏并列分支、颠倒主次层级的错误图示。 知识点3 数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 1. 考查核心：数理统计、天文观测、社会调查类文本，依托韦恩交集图、时间 - 指标坐标曲线、百分比统计柱状 / 饼图，考查文字数据、变化规律与图形可视化信息的互译匹配。 2. 典型题干 4. Which graph best illustrates the … method? 4. Which chart correctly illustrates the information in the passage? 3. 题型细分维度 ①韦恩交集样本分布图；②时间 - 数值变化坐标曲线图；③占比排序统计图表 4. 解题核心思路 提取原文数据特征：样本重叠关系、指标升降变化幅度、各类别数值大小排序；对照图形交集区域、曲线走势、柱状区块高度，快速排除数据逻辑矛盾的选项。 知识点4 类型 4 场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 1. 考查核心：体育运动、实操指南类应用文，提供场地平面分区示意图，结合文本明文规则，判断站位、落点属于合规动作还是失误行为，考查分区边界细节解读。 2. 典型题干 4. According to the rules, which pictures show faults? 4. Which position on the court breaks the game rules? 3. 题型细分维度 ①运动场地落点判定图；②实操区域站位分区图 4. 解题核心思路 标记原文专属功能分区（禁区、服务区分区、边线、底线），牢记失误判定细则：落禁区、出边界、击球反弹本方均为失分；逐一核对小球落点、人物站位是否触碰限制区域。 知识点5 具象实物 / 肢体手势示意图匹配题 1. 考查核心：家具设计、民俗舞蹈、手工工艺类文本，文字精准刻画器物外形、标准化肢体手势，要求比对手绘具象图片的标志性细节完成匹配。 2. 典型题干 4. Which of the following is …? 4. Which two pictures represent … and … respectively? 3. 题型细分维度 ①家具 / 器物外形示意图；②舞蹈、手工标准手势图 4. 解题核心思路 圈画原文独有的外观、动作特征（造型结构、肢体摆放、手指形态）；区分局部相似但核心特征不符的干扰图，只有完全匹配标志性细节才为正确答案。 知识点6 主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 1. 考查核心：分为两大分支，①网页公告类主旨配图：匹配全文核心话题插画；②理论符号逻辑链：依托题干自定义箭头、特殊符号，翻译专业理论推导路径。 2. 典型题干 4. Which picture when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpage? 4. Which of the following chains reflects the theories of …? 3. 题型细分维度 ①文本主旨主题插画；②自定义符号理论推导逻辑链 4. 解题核心思路 主旨配图类：概括全文核心话题，匹配包含核心意象的插画，排除无关灾害、场景；符号推导类：先翻译题干给定符号定义，拆解理论前后逻辑，核对箭头传递顺序。 考●向●破●译 考向1 科学原理 / 流程示意图匹配题 考查自然、生物、环境科普文本，文本完整阐述事物形成条件、递进转化流程，搭配多幅简化原理图、流程框图，要求筛选与文字核心要素、先后步骤完全吻合的图示；核心抓手是锁定形成必要条件、动作方向、转化顺序。 命题陷阱：颠倒流程顺序、缺失关键环境要素、混淆同类自然现象特征。 【典例1】 Advection fog forms when horizontal winds push warm, moist air over a cool surface, where it condenses into fog. It’s common at sea, where warm, tropical air moves over cooler water. Advection fog can cover wide areas, and the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco Bay is often hidden in advection fog. 2．Which of the following picture best illustrates advection fog? A． B． C． D． 【答案】 2．B 2．匹配平流雾原理图，原文关键：暖空气水平移动至冷表面，对应图示 B。根据第四段“Advection fog forms when horizontal winds push warm, moist air over a cool surface, where it condenses into fog. It's common at sea, where warm, tropical air moves over cooler water. (平流雾形成于水平风将温暖潮湿的空气推过较冷表面时，水汽在此凝结成雾。它常见于海上，温暖的热带空气移过较冷的水面。)”可知，平流雾的关键特征是：水平方向的风将暖湿空气推过冷表面。B图展示的正是暖空气水平移动到冷水面上的情景，符合平流雾的形成过程。 【典例2】 The word “biodegradable” describes materials that can be broken down naturally by the environment through a process called biodegradation. During this process, fungi (真菌) and tiny microbes like bacteria break down organic matter from plants and animals. The remains become nutrient-rich material that helps new plants grow, forming a repeating and self-sustaining system often called the circle of life. This process is closely linked to the carbon cycle. During the process, plants take in carbon dioxide, animals pass carbon along the food chain, and microorganisms release it back into the air after plants and animals die, which starts a new cycle. Today, “biodegradable” can also describe some products that can break down naturally. Instead of being sent into incinerators (焚化炉) or recycling centres, biodegradable wastes usually end up in landfills. 10．Which of the following titles is correctly matched with its illustration? A．ORGANIC MATERIAL B．DECOMPOSITION C．DIGESTION D．BYPRODUCTS 【答案】 10．B 10．匹配分解 Decomposition 流程框图，原文关键：有机物经真菌、昆虫碎裂分解，对应图示 B。根据DECOMPOSITION部分“Organic matter decomposes into smaller pieces, either through physical forces such as wind and rain or from living organism in the soil, such as fungi, insects or worms.(有机物会分解成更小的颗粒，这种分解过程要么是由风和雨等物理力量促成的，要么是由土壤中的生物体（如真菌、昆虫或蠕虫）引起的)”可知，分解（Decomposition）是有机物在风、雨或土壤生物（真菌、昆虫、蠕虫）作用下碎裂的过程，对应B图（有真菌、昆虫等生物）。故选B。 考向2 逻辑层级 / 双向关系树形框图匹配题 社科、心理学、遗传学文本专用，以树形图、思维导图、逻辑链呈现多分支并列、单向推导、双向循环作用关系；区分总概念 — 分论点、互相影响、多层级从属三类逻辑，是和篇章结构交叉最高频的图文题型。 命题陷阱：单向逻辑画成双向循环、遗漏并列分支、颠倒主次层级。 【典例1】 Since Francis Galton coined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ago, the debate about what makes us who we are has dominated the human sciences. Today, however, a new scientific field is set to reshape the debate — not by declaring victory for one side or the other, nor even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in opposition in the first place. Through this new perspective, nature and nurture are not even entirely distinguishable, because genes and environment don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other and to a very real degree even create each other. ......... Genes alone aren’t enough to determine these outcomes and neither is environment. Nature and nurture both shape each other, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way our nature expresses itself. The more opportunities and information the environment provides — the more varied environments become — the greater the influence that genetic variation has in sorting us into different categories. Nature and nurture aren’t separate forces — they’re endlessly circling back on each other. 7．Which of the following pictures correctly illustrates how nature and nurture make us who we are? A． B． C． D． 【答案】7．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了社会基因组学这一新兴科学领域对传统“先天vs环境因素”辩论的重新定义，揭示了基因与环境之间相互影响、相互塑造的复杂关系。 7．匹配基因与环境双向互相作用树形图 C。根据第二段中“Through this new perspective, nature and nurture are not even entirely distinguishable, because genes and environment don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other and to a very real degree even create each other.(从这个新的角度来看，先天和环境因素甚至不能完全区分，因为基因和环境并不是孤立地起作用的；它们相互影响，甚至在很大程度上相互创造)”、第六段中“Nature and nurture both shape each other, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way our nature expresses itself. (先天与环境因素相互塑造，先天影响我们体验环境的方式，环境因素影响我们天性表达的方式)”和最后一段“Nature and nurture aren’t separate forces — they’re endlessly circling back on each other. (先天与环境因素并非两种分离的力量——它们无休止地相互循环)”可知，二者并非两种分离的力量，是相互影响，相互创造的关系。故选C项。 【典例2】 This connection is given special significance because each of the eight directions — North, South, East, West, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest — is governed by one of these five elements. Therefore, colors, as South representations of the elements, can be purposefully used to influence and harmonize the energy of a particular space or direction. 17．Which diagram correctly represents the relationship among colors, directions and elements? A． B． C． D． 【答案】17．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了颜色在风水学中的重要意义及其与五行、方位的关系。 【详解】17．匹配元素、方位、颜色单向从属逻辑图 A。根据第二段“This connection is given special significance because each of the eight directions — North, South, East, West, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest — is governed by one of these five elements. Therefore, colors, as South representations of the elements, can be purposefully used to influence and harmonize the energy of a particular space or direction.(这种关联被赋予了特殊意义，因为八个方位（北、南、东、西、东北、西北、东南、西南）中的每一个都由这五种元素之一所支配。因此，颜色作为元素的代表，可以被有目的地用来影响并协调特定空间或方位的能量。)”可知：元素支配方位，颜色代表元素，颜色影响方位，对应选项A的逻辑关系。故选A。 考向3 数据模型类图形匹配题（韦恩图 / 坐标曲线 / 统计图表） 数理统计、天文观测、社会调查类文本细分两类载体：①韦恩交集图（样本重叠、种群统计）；②坐标曲线图（事物指标随时间变化趋势）；③饼 / 柱状统计图（占比数据排序），统一归类为数据模型读图匹配。 命题陷阱：样本无交集、变化幅度颠倒、数据占比高低错位。 【典例1】 Whether it’s enemy tanks in battle, animals in the wild or cutlery (餐具) in a busy canteen, it is difficult to count objects that are moving around. Luckily, there is a technique that can estimate how many there are of something without requiring you to count every single one. The capture-recapture method involves getting a sample — waiting for some animals to wander by, for instance, then collecting some — marking the individuals distinctively, then releasing them back into the population. After some time has passed, you repeat the process to pick another group of animals and count how many of them are already marked. If you captured, say, 50 animals initially and marked them all, then on your recapture step you found half the animals you saw were marked, this tells you something about the whole population. Since half the sample is marked, this implies that half of the whole population is marked — so there must be about 100 individuals. This can give a reasonably accurate estimate of a population, without having to find and count every single member of it. 20．Which of the following graph best illustrates the capture-recapture method?（marked ） A． B． C． D． 【答案】20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“捕获——重捕法”这一估算移动 / 难以逐个计数物体数量的技巧，并通过动物种群估算、德军坦克产量统计、食堂叉子计数及实验室茶匙追踪等案例，说明该方法的应用场景与实际效果。 【详解】20．韦恩图匹配捕获 — 标记 — 二次抽样交集模型 A。根据第二、三段“The capture-recapture method involves getting a sample — waiting for some animals to wander by, for instance, then collecting some — marking the individuals distinctively, then releasing them back into the population. After some time has passed, you repeat the process to pick another group of animals and count how many of them are already marked. If you captured, say, 50 animals initially and marked them all, then on your recapture step you found half the animals you saw were marked, this tells you something about the whole population. Since half the sample is marked, this implies that half of the whole population is marked — so there must be about 100 individuals. This can give a reasonably accurate estimate of a population, without having to find and count every single member of it. (‘捕获——重捕法’的操作流程是：先获取样本——比如等待一些动物经过时捕捉一部分，给这些个体做上独特标记后，再将它们放回种群。一段时间后，重复上述过程捕捉另一组动物，统计其中已被标记的个体数量。举例来说，如果你最初捕捉并标记了50只动物，第二次捕捉时发现其中一半带有标记，这就能让你推断出整个种群的数量。既然样本中有一半是标记个体，那就意味着整个种群里有一半被标记过——因此种群总数约为100只。这种方法无需找到并计数种群中的每一个成员，就能对种群数量做出相当准确的估算。)”可知，“捕获——重捕法”的核心流程是：①捕捉并标记一定数量的个体（如50只动物）→②放回原种群使其混合→③再次捕捉一定数量的个体→④统计其中被标记的个体比例→⑤根据比例估算总数量。符合这一流程的图表即为正确选项。故选A。 21．细节理解题。根据第四段中“They logged the serial numbers of all captured tanks, working on the assumption that they were numbered in a fixed order and randomly distributed. If the largest serial number in your data is L and the number of captured tanks is n, one estimate for the total number of tanks is given by L+L/n. (他们记录下所有被俘坦克的序列号，假设这些序列号按固定顺序编排且随机分布。如果收集到的数据中最大序列号为L，捕获的坦克数量为n，那么坦克总数的估算公式为L + L/n。)”可知，估算德军坦克产量需要两个关键数据：捕获坦克的最大序列号L和捕获坦克的总数n，所以为了估算德国坦克的产量，统计学家需要了解缴获的坦克总数及其最大序列号。故选D。 【典例2】 Step 3: Identifying the Types #1 Based on your chart, judge if your target star belongs to the main types or the rarer types of variable stars. The main types generally have regular and predictable variations, while the rarer types don’t. #2 If your target star belongs to the main types of variable stars, click here for reference charts to identify its subtype. If it belongs to the rarer types, refer to the following explanations and reference charts. ·Flare stars spend most of their time at a low brightness, and sometimes, for a few minutes, jump up in brightness. ·Recurrent novae are similar to flare stars, but they have much greater jumps in brightness, and jumps are a lot rarer. ·R Coronae Borealis stars spend most time at their maximum brightness. At unpredictable intervals, their brightness decreases quickly, and then goes back up. ·Supernovae are rare events. When a star runs out of fuel, its life changes dramatically. They are incredibly bright, but seeing one with the naked eye can be a once-in-a-lifetime event. (* In the above reference charts, T stands for TIME; B stands for BRIGHTNESS) 15．Which of the following chart best illustrates the change in brightness of a Recurrent novae? A． B． C． D． 【答案】 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是如何观测变星。 15．亮度 - 时间坐标曲线匹配再发新星变化规律 A。根据Step 3: Identifying the Types中的“·Flare stars spend most of their time at a low brightness, and sometimes, for a few minutes, jump up in brightness.(·耀星大部分时间处于低亮度状态，有时亮度会突然升高，并持续几分钟。)”和“·Recurrent novae are similar to flare stars, but they have much greater jumps in brightness, and jumps are a lot rarer.(·再发新星与耀星类似，但它们的亮度变化幅度要大得多，而且亮度突增的情况更为罕见。)”可知，再发新星大部分时间处于低亮度状态，有时亮度会突然升高，并持续几分钟，亮度变化幅度比耀星大，而且亮度突增的情况更为罕见，因此A选项中的图表可以清晰地展示再发新星的亮度变化情况。故选A。 考向4 场地分区 / 规则判定平面图匹配题 体育、操作指南类应用文专属，给出场地分区平面示意图，结合文本规则判定落点、站位合规 / 失误，依靠场地边界、专属功能分区（禁打区、服务区分区）作为判断依据。 命题陷阱：混淆合法区域与禁区、忽略触网、出界等细分失误规则。 【典例1】 #3:each point continues until a fault After the serve, play continues until a rally is won either by someone hitting a winning shot or a fault is committed. A fault ends the rally. In pickleball, there are some basic fault types: The ball lands in the kitchen. The ball lands out of bounds(behind the baseline or outside the sideline). The ball hits the net and falls on your side. The ball bounces twice on one side before the player can return it. 25．According to #3,which pictures show faults? A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 【答案】 25．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍匹克球这一热门运动的场地特点，重点讲解两项核心规则（双跳后可截击、失误终止回合），助力读者快速掌握双打玩法。 25．判定失误落点示意图①②，对应选项 A。根据#3:each point continues until a fault部分“The ball lands in the kitchen. The ball lands out of bounds(behind the baseline or outside the sideline). The ball hits the net and falls on your side. The ball bounces twice on one side before the player can return it. (球落在了非击球区里。球越过了边线（落在底线后或边线外）。球击中了网柱然后落在了你们这一侧。球员在回球前，球在这一侧弹了两次才被回击。)”可知，①描述球击中球网然后落在了自己这一侧，②描述球落在非击球区，都属于犯规。故选A。 考向5 具象实物 / 肢体手势示意图匹配题 民俗、家具、手工、舞蹈类文本，文字精准描述物体外形、手部标准动作，提供多幅具象手绘图片，比对独有标志性外形 / 肢体细节完成匹配。 命题陷阱：截取局部相似特征、替换核心标志性结构、动作。 【典例1】 Adirondack Chair Designer: Thomas Lee The first Adirondack chair was created by Thomas Lee around 1903. The Adirondack chair is an outdoor chair with wide armrests, a tall back, and a seat that is higher in the front than the back. The original design featured a small number of flat wooden boards, with the seat support combined with the back legs. 11．Which of the following is an Adirondack Chair? A． B． C． D． 【答案】11．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了椅子不仅是坐具，更体现创新设计与文化，并分别简述了潘顿椅、叉骨椅、阿迪朗达克椅和导演椅这四款经典名椅的设计与特点。 【详解】匹配阿迪朗达克椅外形图 A，特征：宽扶手、前高后低座椅。根据Adirondack Chair中“The Adirondack chair is an outdoor chair with wide armrests, a tall back, and a seat that is higher in the front than the back. The original design featured a small number of flat wooden boards, with the seat support combined with the back legs.( 阿迪朗达克椅是一种户外椅子，具有宽大的扶手、较高的靠背以及前部比后部更高的座位。最初的设计采用了少量的平面木板，座位支撑部分与靠背腿结合在一起。)”可推知，根据描述的内容可知，A选项中图片中的椅子形象符合描述细节内容。故选A项。 【典例2】 Hand Gestures The hand gestures in hula dancing serve as a visual language, enhancing the storytelling aspect of the performance by symbolizing elements of nature and emotions. ·To represent RAIN, gracefully lift both arms above your head, then lower them slowly in front of you while delicately moving your fingers, imitating falling raindrops. ·For FLOWER, lift your hands with your fingertips pressed together, creating the shape of a blossom. ·To illustrate WIND．extend your left hand forward while circling your right hand above your head twice. ·To show the rising SUN or MOON, begin with your hands together at waist level, then move each arm outward and upward in a smooth arc (弧线) over your head. Finally, form the shape of the sun or moon by bringing your fingertips together. 40．The following pictures show some hand gestures in hula dancing. Which two of them represent FLOWER and WIND, respectively?              A．2 and 3. B．1 and4 C．2 and 4. D．1 and 3. 【答案】40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍夏威夷草裙舞，涵盖其文化意义、舞蹈基础，以及特色的舞步、手势与乐器知识 。 40．匹配花朵、风专属手势图 1、3，对应选项 D。根据Hand Gestures部分“For FLOWER, lift your hands with your fingertips pressed together, creating the shape of a blossom.(对于‘花’，抬起你的手，使指尖压在一起，形成一朵花的形状)”可知，图片1中指尖压在一起形成花的形状，符合“花”的手势；“To illustrate WIND, extend your left hand forward while circling your right hand above your head twice.(为了表现‘风’，伸出你的左手向前，同时右手在头顶上方绕圈两次)”可知，图片3中左手向前伸出，右手在头顶绕圈，符合“风”的手势。所以代表“花”和“风”的手势分别是图片1和图片3。故选D。 考向6 主题配图 / 符号逻辑推导图匹配题 分为两个细分小分支：①网页 / 公告主旨配图，匹配全文核心话题插画；②专业理论符号逻辑链，依托题干自定义箭头符号推导理论路径；两类均考查图文主旨、符号文字互译能力。 命题陷阱：混淆同类主题意象、颠倒符号传递逻辑。 【典例1】 Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents, hypothermia (体温过低), frostbite, and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Winter storms can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice and high winds. 41．Which of the following pictures when clicked will most probably lead you to the above webpage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】41．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了冬季风暴会带来的风险以及应对冬季恶劣天气的准备措施和紧急情况下的建议。 【详解】41匹配暴雪灾害主题插画 D。根据文章第一段“Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents, hypothermia (体温过低), frostbite, and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Winter storms can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice and high winds. (冬季风暴会增加车祸、体温过低、冻伤和一氧化碳中毒的风险。冬季风暴会带来极度寒冷、冻雨、雪、冰和强风)”以及后文关于冬季恶劣天气的准备措施可知，文章主要介绍的是如何应对冬季恶劣天气，由此推知，与冬季风暴或恶劣天气相关的图片最有可能链接到该网页。D项图片为风雪天气，符合语境。故选D项。 【典例2】 Another possibility, Kobor says, is that DNA sequences in offspring that are inherited maternally might react to environmental stress in similar ways to what was seen in the mother, and end up with the same methylation tags. 36．Which of the following chains reflects the theories of Kobor? A．DNA* ⇒ DNA → DNA* B．DNA* ⇒ DNA* → DNA* C．DNA ⇒ DNA* → DNA D．DNA ⇒ DNA → DNA* NB     ⇒    Transition of DNA．      →    Development of DNA (individual).      *    Epigenetic marks on DNA． 【答案】36．A 36．匹配 Kobor 理论符号逻辑链 A（DNA* ⇒ DNA → DNA*）。根据文章第六段“Another possibility, Kobor says, is that DNA sequences in offspring that are inherited maternally might react to environmental stress in similar ways to what was seen in the mother, and end up with the same methylation tags.( Kobor说，另一种可能性是，母系遗传的后代中的DNA序列可能会以与母亲相似的方式对环境压力做出反应，并最终产生相同的甲基化标签。)”可知，母亲DNA*通过遗传传递DNA，后代因环境产生标记DNA*，且分句其符号的解释，“⇒”表示代际传递，“→”表示个体发展，“*”代表表观标记可知，A项“DNA* ⇒ DNA → DNA*”符合Kobor提出的理论。故选A。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题组训练 名校模拟试题 Passage1 【来源】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（上海专用） From the time human beings began to draw them, maps have helped people find their way around their environments. But maps can show us many things, not just which direction to go. They show the path of history, the earth’s shape development of mathematics, and the progress of technology. One of the oldest-known land maps is an almost 1,600-year-old tablet from Southwest Asia. The map shows a circle of land that is divided by a river and surrounded by ocean. Triangles on the map indicate eight different regions. And the map’s text describes legendary beasts and heroes that were important to the ancient people of the area. Around AD 150,a Greek scientist drew north-south and east-west lines on a map. This addition applies mathematics to mapping and was an early attempt to show the earth’s shape on a flat piece of paper. Maps gradually became much more detailed as new regions were explored and put down on paper. Also, mathematical and astronomical advances helped to perfect the world map to what we know and love today! Now that you know a little about the early history of maps, lets learn some fun facts. East at the Top These days, most maps feature north at the top. However, during the Middle Ages, most maps had east at the top. This was done to point in the direction of the morning sun. Puzzle Maps When printed maps became available to the general population in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, not everyone could understand them. In fact, the first jigsaw puzzles(拼图游戏)were designed as practice maps for eighteenth-century geography classes! Fake Places Mapmakers need to make sure that their work is not copied by others. To protect their work, many mapmakers add made-up towns or streets to their maps. Only the original mapmaker would know about the fake entry. Modern Technology Today, digital maps and GPS technology have revolutionized the way we explore our world. With the touch of a screen, we can see our exact location, plan routes, and even view real-time traffic updates. 44．Which of the following pictures best shows the modern form of the Greek scientist’s addition to the map? A． B． C． D． 45．Fake towns or streets were often added to maps ________. A．so that it would be clear if someone copied the map. B．to make the maps less boring and more accurate. C．as a tricky challenge for people to take on. D．to help people practice how to read complicated maps. 46．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To show the development of mapping technology. B．To explain the importance of maps throughout history. C．To introduce the history of maps and some interesting facts. D．To teach some map-making tricks and techniques. 【答案】44．B 45．A 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地图的历史以及一些有趣的地图相关知识。 【详解】44．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Around AD 150,a Greek scientist drew north-south and east-west lines on a map.(大约公元150年，一位希腊科学家在地图上画出了南北和东西方向的线)”可知，地图中显示了经纬线，选项B图中这符合描述。故选B。 45．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Fake Places”部分“Mapmakers need to make sure that their work is not copied by others. To protect their work, many mapmakers add made-up towns or streets to their maps. Only the original mapmaker would know about the fake entry.(制图师需要确保他们的作品不会被他人抄袭。为了保护他们的作品，许多制图师在地图中添加虚构的小镇或街道。只有原始制图师知道这些虚构的内容)”可知，添加虚构的城镇或街道是为了看是否有人抄袭地图。故选A。 46．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Now that you know a little about the early history of maps, lets learn some fun facts.(既然你已经对地图的早期历史有所了解，那我们来了解一些有趣的事实吧)”以及文章内容可知，文章的主要目的是介绍地图的历史和一些有趣的事实。故选C。 Passage 2 【来源】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（上海专用） ①I read “Middlemarch” in college. None in my class got it. Why would Dorothea make such a decision on her marriage? “Trust me, you’ll read this book again when you’re forty, and you’ll say, ‘Oh, I see!’” our professor said. ②Yet there’s a theory behind the assignment of “Middlemarch”: knowledge acquired too early gets stored away. Patterns of thinking established now will be retraced later; ideas encountered first in art will prepare us for the rest of life. This sounds unclear, until you reflect on the fact that you take a class in law school today only to argue a complicated case years later. Knowledge must often molder in our mental warehouses for decades until we figure out what to do with it. ③Leslie Valiant, a distinguished computer scientist, calls our ability to learn over the long term “educability”. In his new book, “The Importance of Being Educable,” he argues that it’s key to our success. When we think about what makes our minds special, we tend to focus on intelligence. But if we want to grasp reality in all its complexity, Valiant writes, then “cleverness is not enough.” We need to build comprehensive and flexible theories about the world — theories that will serve us in new, unanticipated, and strange circumstances — and we do that by gathering diverse kinds of knowledge, often in a slow, additive, accidental way, and knitting them together. Through this process, we acquire systems of beliefs that are broader and richer than the ones we can create through direct personal experience. ④An educable mind, he writes, can learn from books, lectures, conversations, experiences, — from anything, really — and notice when relevant aspects of almost forgotten knowledge reveal themselves. We admire aspects of someone’s educability when we say that they are a quick study, but what really makes them educable is that they apply insights “for purposes not foreseen at the time of the study”. When people strike us as particularly well-educated, this might mean that they have had lots of school, but it could also mean that they’re exceptionally educable, with the ability to take good advantage of whatever educational opportunities arise, whether formal or informal. ⑤Valiant thinks it might be useful to promote educability as an ideal. We could try to figure out how to measure and teach it in schools, or to encourage it in adults; at a time when rapid technological change means there’s always more to learn, we might seek to create a more educable society in general. 47．The underlined word “molder” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “______”. A．become out-of-date B．keep practical C．remain inactive D．stay safe 48．Which of the following mind map correctly illustrate the relationship among knowledge, theory and beliefs? A． B． C． D． 49．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．True educability lies in presenting insights for unforeseen purposes. B．A quick learner overestimates the value of learning from all sources. C．Schooling ensures that an educable mind can seize all learning opportunities. D．An educable mind pursues learning even without an immediate goal in mind. 50．The passage is intended to ______. A．introduce a book on educability B．maximize the benefits of educability C．inspire people to create an educable society D．recommend a distinguished computer scientist 【答案】47．C 48．A 49．D 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了计算机科学家Leslie Valiant在其新书中提出的“可教育性”的概念，强调了长期学习能力的重要性，并讨论了如何在学校和成人中培养这种能力。 【详解】47．词句猜测题。由文章第二段中“Knowledge must often molder in our mental warehouses for decades until we figure out what to do with it. (知识往往要在我们的精神仓库里molder几十年，直到我们明白如何利用它为止)”可知，知识经常在我们的精神仓库里存放几十年，直到我们想出如何处理它，molder在这里的意思是“保持不活跃，未被利用”。A. become out-of-date过时；B. keep practical保持务实；C. remain inactive保持不活跃；D. stay safe保持安全。故选C。 48．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“We need to build comprehensive and flexible theories about the world—theories that will serve us in new, unanticipated, and strange circumstances — and we do that by gathering diverse kinds of knowledge, often in a slow, additive, accidental way, and knitting them together. Through this process, we acquire systems of beliefs that are broader and richer than the ones we can create through direct personal experience. (我们需要构建关于世界的全面且灵活的理论——这些理论将在新奇、意外和陌生的环境中为我们所用——我们通过收集各种知识（通常是缓慢地、逐渐地、偶然地）并将它们融合在一起来实现这一点。通过这个过程，我们获得了比通过直接个人经验所能创造出的更广泛、更丰富的信仰体系)”可知，知识是构建理论的基础，而理论又是形成信仰的基石。故选A。 49．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“An educable mind, he writes, can learn from books, lectures, conversations, experiences, — from anything, really — and notice when relevant aspects of almost forgotten knowledge reveal themselves. We admire aspects of someone’s educability when we say that they are a quick study, but what really makes them educable is that they apply insights “for purposes not foreseen at the time of the study”. (他写道，具有可教育性的思维能够从书籍、讲座、对话、经历——实际上是从任何事情中学习，并注意到几乎被遗忘的知识中相关的方面何时会显现出来。当我们说某人是快速学习者时，我们欣赏他们身上的可教育性，但真正使他们具有可教育性的是，他们能够将见解“应用于学习当时未曾预见的目的”)”可知，一个具有可教育性思维的头脑即使没有直接的目标，也会追求学习。故选D。 50．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Leslie Valiant, a distinguished computer scientist, calls our ability to learn over the long term “educability”. In his new book, “The Importance of Being Educable,” he argues that it’s key to our success. (杰出的计算机科学家Leslie Valiant将我们长期学习的能力称为“可教育性”。在他的新书《可教育性的重要性》中，他认为这是我们成功的关键)”可知，全文围绕计算机科学家莱斯利・瓦利安特（Leslie Valiant）的著作《The Importance of Being Educable》展开，解释其 “可教育性（educability）” 的概念及意义。尽管第五段提到推动可教育性社会，但核心目的是介绍书中的理论，而非直接呼吁创建社会（选项 C）或最大化效益（选项 B）。选项 D 错误，文章重点是 “可教育性” 而非单纯推荐作者。故选A。 Passage 3 【来源】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（上海专用） Every day, people worldwide volunteer for thousands of different companies and organizations. They see volunteering as a way of demonstrating what they stand for and consider valuable. What are some of the major trends in volunteering? To answer the question, we’ll need to look at some statistics. #1 Around 30% of Americans volunteer. About one-third of adult Americans formally volunteer at least once a year. 36% of the time spent in volunteering is dedicated to fundraising. Moreover, 34% of volunteering activity goes to collecting or delivering food. #2 In USA, 15% of people support hunger and homelessness causes. Hunger and homelessness causes are the most supported in USA．The next leading cause for volunteering is health and wellness, with 13% of Americans donating to those causes. Other top causes are charities for animals and wildlife and charities for the country’s younger generation, with 10% and 9% of Americans supporting them, respectively. #3 People around the world donate repeatedly. In Europe, 44% people donate repeatedly. Australia and New Zealand have a higher percentage of people who do the same — 51%, outnumbered by USA with a percentage of 57%, and in Africa, the percentage is even higher. #4 Volunteering plays a role in employment. One surprising benefit of volunteering is that it can assist in job-hunting. Volunteers who’ve been unemployed are 27% more likely to find work. That’s especially true for unemployed volunteers without secondary school experience, who are 51% more likely than non-volunteers to find a job. The trend that employers prefer volunteers to non-volunteers applies no matter how old and where the volunteers are. Statistics indicate that 91% of employers value soft skills as much as hard skills, and volunteering is an excellent way to develop soft skills in a real-world environment. #5 Women are more likely than men to volunteer. Globally, about 57% of volunteer work is done by women. Women are more likely to engage in activities like childcare for neighbors, or helping with a local environmental cleanup. In USA, 34% of women volunteer, compared to 26% of men. 51．People around the world volunteer because they ________. A．are interested in the major trends in volunteering B．are able to deal with troubles related to volunteering C．prefer to work in various kinds of companies or organizations D．regard volunteering as a way to show their identity and values 52．We can learn from #4 that ________. A．volunteering improves people’s chance of employment B．volunteers’ age will affect their likelihood of getting hired C．employers think volunteering develops soft skills as much as hard skills D．volunteers without educational background are unlikely to be employed 53．Which chart correctly illustrates the information in the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】51．D 52．A 53．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界各地从事志愿者活动的情况以及志愿服务的好处。 【详解】51．细节理解题。根据第一段“Every day, people worldwide volunteer for thousands of different companies and organizations. They see volunteering as a way of demonstrating what they stand for and consider valuable.(每天，世界各地的人们都在为成千上万个不同的公司和组织做志愿者。他们认为志愿服务是一种展示他们的立场和价值的方式)”可知，世界各地的人们都参加志愿活动，因为他们认为志愿活动是展示自己身份和价值观的一种方式。故选D。 52．细节理解题。根据#4 Volunteering plays a role in employment.部分中“One surprising benefit of volunteering is that it can assist in job-hunting. Volunteers who’ve been unemployed are 27% more likely to find work. That’s especially true for unemployed volunteers without secondary school experience, who are 51% more likely than non-volunteers to find a job.(志愿服务的一个惊人的好处是，它可以帮助找工作。失业的志愿者找到工作的可能性要高出27%。对于没有中学经历的失业志愿者来说尤其如此，他们找到工作的可能性比非志愿者高51%)”以及“The trend that employers prefer volunteers to non-volunteers applies no matter how old and where the volunteers are. Statistics indicate that 91% of employers value soft skills as much as hard skills, and volunteering is an excellent way to develop soft skills in a real-world environment.(雇主更喜欢志愿者而不是非志愿者的趋势适用于志愿者的年龄和地点。统计数据显示，91%的雇主重视软技能和硬技能，而志愿活动是在现实环境中培养软技能的绝佳途径)”可知，志愿服务可以提高人们的就业机会。故选A。 53．细节理解题。根据第三段“Hunger and homelessness causes are the most supported in USA. The next leading cause for volunteering is health and wellness, with 13% of Americans donating to those causes. Other top causes are charities for animals and wildlife and charities for the country’s younger generation, with 10% and 9% of Americans supporting them, respectively.(在美国，饥饿和无家可归是最受支持的原因。志愿服务的下一个主要原因是健康和保健，13%的美国人为这些原因捐款。其他最受欢迎的慈善事业是动物和野生动物慈善事业，以及美国年轻一代的慈善事业，分别有10%和9%的美国人支持)”可知，图二正确地说明了文章中的信息。故选B。 Passage 4 【来源】华东师范大学松江实验高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNORE MORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动) with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways s and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential 1mental ability”. However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders (气缸) and not limited to just ten percent of its power. 57．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 58．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 59．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①-②-③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH 【答案】57．B 58．D 59．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍三个关于身体的传言并鉴定其真假。 【详解】57．推理判断题。根据三个小标题“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH (叫醒梦游者对他们的健康有害)”，“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNORE MORE (仰卧会让你打呼噜)”和“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN (你只使用了大脑的十分之一)”以及对这些现象的解释，揭穿错误观念，这更符合医学的内容，故选B。 58．细节理解题。根据LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNORE MORE中的“Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动) with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (打鼾，也就是呼吸有噪音，是由于睡眠时气流通过呼吸道受到限制造成的。当你仰卧时，重力会把你呼吸道周围的组织向下拉，使它们变窄。当空气通过鼻腔通道时，每次呼吸都会引起组织振动，从而产生打鼾的声音。)”在结合选项中的图片可以看出D选项是睡觉时打鼾的情况，故选D。 59．推理判断题，根据WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH中的“As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. (至于叫醒梦游者的后果，没有证据表明这会伤害他，但可能会导致定向障碍和混乱。)”可知，第一个传言WAKING A SLEEPWALKERIS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH (叫醒梦游者对他们的健康有害)是不真实的事(MYTH)；根据LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNORE MORE 中的“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动) with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”可知，第二个传言LYING ON YOUR BACKMAKES YOU SNOREMORE (仰卧会使你更容易打鼾)是事实(FACT)；根据YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN中的 “However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders (气缸) and not limited to just ten percent of its power. (然而，事实是，你的大脑正在全速运转，而不仅仅局限于10%的能量。) ”可知，第三个传言YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN (你只使用了大脑的十分之一)是不真实的事(MYTH)。故选C。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $