必修1 Unit 4 第2课时 作业评价(Word练习)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦阅读理解与七选五题型，通过新闻、说明文等真实语篇，系统提炼词义猜测、细节理解、推理判断等解题方法，构建“题型-方法-语篇”逻辑链，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A|4题（新闻报道）|上下文语境分析法（词义猜测）、段落内容概括法（段落大意）|从具体信息定位到语篇体裁判断，层层递进培养信息筛选与逻辑推理能力| |阅读理解B|4题（说明文）|数据支撑法（细节理解）、习语语境推断法（词义猜测）|通过环境与农业关联，渗透文化意识，强化跨学科思维与批判性思考| |阅读七选五|5题（灾害指南）|段落主旨衔接法、上下文逻辑关联法|从语篇结构入手，构建“总-分”逻辑框架，提升语篇组织与连贯表达能力|

必修1 UNIT 4 第2课时·作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·河北张家口模拟)The National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa, posted early Saturday morning that initial reports indicate at least 10 tornadoes struck central Iowa in Friday’s storms, based on initial damage information. For Austin Ehlers, a firefighter in Persia, a city about 15 minutes from Minden, the tornado destroyed his grandfather’s home. “He lives just outside of Minden, right in the path where the tornado took,” Ehlers said. “After we cleared everything in Persia, we jumped in the trucks and went to Minden and helped. I found out my grandpa’s house was completely gone, and that he’s basically lost everything.” Despite Ehlers’ grandfather’s house being destroyed, his grandfather was uninjured in the tornado, he said. “He told me he just got into the basement and was getting ready to shut the door when all his windows shattered and glass almost hit him in the back,” Ehlers said. “It was close. Real close.” A tornado touched down just west of Pleasant Hill, just east of Des Moines, sweeping across town, injuring one person and damaging homes. Pleasant Hill Fire Department Chief Jamie Xayavong told reporters at a news conference Saturday that the person’s injury was not life⁃threatening. However,18 damaged homes in the town were no longer inhabitable. The fire chief did not know how strong the tornado was, though it left several other homes with moderate (中等的) or minor damage. She indicated that more damage reports could come in as recovery continues. Those in the area were in “a life⁃threatening situation,” the fire chief said. “Flying debris (碎片) may be deadly to those caught without shelter. Mobile homes will be destroyed. Considerable damage to homes, businesses, and vehicles is likely and complete destruction is possible.” Several of the city’s cross⁃streets were completely blocked by emergency crews and tree debris. Traffic seemed to be trying to leave the surrounding neighborhoods, which were without power. At the height of the storm, more than 10,000 customers in the downtown Des Moines were without power. 1.What does the underlined word “shattered” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Became very dirty.　 B.Broke into pieces. C.Were closed up. D.Were blown away. 2.What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A.The path of the tornado. B.The damage to the town. C.The prediction of the chief. D.The luck of the injured person. 3.Why were many people leaving the neighborhoods? A.They lost their homes. B.The cross⁃streets were blocked. C.The tornadoes were coming back. D.They had no access to electricity. 4.What is this text? A.A news item. B.A rescue diary. C.A weather forecast. D.A disaster warning. B (适变创新命题:第6题运用习语形式考查词义理解) Decades of increasing corn and soya bean production have turned Brazil into an agricultural powerhouse, which also led to the destruction of the Amazon rainforest.That has long put farmers and environmentalists in disagreement. But a study released in October by the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Rainforest Foundation Norway (RFN) shows the extent to which deforestation is hurting farmers too. The report shows that the practice of clear⁃cutting in the Brazilian Amazon led to reduced crop production, resulting in total economic losses of about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019. The net revenues (收入) for soya beans dropped by 10% over that time, while corn revenues dropped by 20%. Anders Krogh, a specialist forest adviser at RFN, says these findings demonstrate the danger deforestation poses to global food security. When ancient forests become rolling plains, a delicate balance of water cycle is disturbed. As trees breathe, they turn water into vapour (水蒸气),which goes on to form large, thick rain clouds, and has a cooling effect on the region. This recycling process also influences atmospheric circulation (循环),which plays a key role in temperature regulation in the Amazon basin. The effects are the severest in the most deforested regions. Less rain and hotter days mean smaller harvests and smaller revenues. Preventing further deforestation in Brazil’s southern Amazon could slow the trend. Plus, reforesting could even change rainfall trends: the report concludes that if the Brazilian state of Pará were to reforest 55,000km2 of farming land, the rain could come on average five days earlier, and up to 19 in some areas. For now, though,that seems like a tall order. Agricultural firms in Brazil tend to treat such reports and the researchers who produce them with doubt. The term “agri⁃phobic (农业恐惧)” is often used to describe scientists who criticize the country’s farming practices. At the grassroots level,despite the increasing costs of adapting to drier conditions, Brazilian farmers doubt the claims that lower production results from climate change or deforestation.  Britaldo Soares⁃Filho, a researcher at UFMG and the report’s lead author, hopes that concentrating on the financial effect of deforestation, rather than abstract modelling, can change farmers’ minds. Sustainable farming practices, he urges, are in the economic interests of agribusiness. 5.How does the author develop paragraph 2? A.By listing statistics. B.By citing a saying. C.By making an assumption. D.By introducing a concept. 6.Which is close to the underlined idiom “a tall order” in meaning in paragraph 4? A.A hard nut. B.A big fish. C.A helping hand. D.A red⁃letter day. 7.What does Britaldo Soares⁃Filho mean? A.Logging contributes to financial increase. B.Abstract modelling makes a big difference. C.Clear⁃cutting puts global food security in great danger. D.Farmers should focus on the financial impact of deforestation. 8.What is the best title for the text? A.Deforestation: it boosts revenues? B.Water cycle: it disturbs agriculture? C.Climate change: it worsens rainforest? D.Reforesting: it relieves global warming? Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2026·辽宁沈阳模拟)Earthquakes are unpredictable natural disasters that can cause dramatic damage in seconds. 　9　 Proper preparation and knowing what to do during and after an earthquake can significantly increase your chances of staying safe. This guide helps you prepare, respond, and recover effectively.  Before the quake One important way to prepare for a quake is to try to make your home safe. The stuff inside your home is just as important as the walls themselves. Take a tour of each room to look for things that could fall or break.　10　 Move large or heavy objects to lower shelves, install latches (门闩) on cupboards, and secure any large appliances like water heaters.  When the shaking starts 　11　 In many situations that means remembering three actions: drop, cover, and hold.  Drop: Get down on your hands and knees immediately. This position protects you from falling but still allows you to move if necessary. Cover: Place your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a strong table or desk. Hold: Stay put until the shaking stops. Be prepared to move with your shelter if the shaking shifts it around. After the shaking calms Even after the ground grows still, the danger is not necessarily over. As the Earth settles from its quake, it can produce a series of smaller quakes known as aftershocks. 　12　 The first quake is then called a foreshock, and the second is called a main shock.  Still, once the shaking calms, it’s time to start getting ready for more. First, check for injuries. Next, check the gas and electric lines, and turn them off if you can do so safely. And if you are inside a heavily damaged structure, get yourself and others out as soon as possible. If you’re trapped, stay calm. Protect your mouth, nose, and eyes from the dust. Make noise to get responders’ attention. 　13　  A.Protect yourself as quickly as possible. B.There are generally two types of quakes. C.They occur most often near plate boundaries. D.If you are outside, keep an eye out for danger. E.A second quake might occasionally bigger than the first. F.Sometimes this can be solved with a little reorganization. G.They can strike anywhere, at any time, and without warning. 第2课时·作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 [A] 语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了周五在爱荷华州中部发生的龙卷风灾害情况。 1.选B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“glass almost hit him in the back”可知,窗户碎了,shattered意为“(使)破碎”,和Broke into pieces意思相近。故选B。 2.选B　段落大意题。根据第四段可知,第四段主要讲的是龙卷风对小镇的破坏。故选B。 3.选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Traffic seemed to be trying to leave the surrounding neighborhoods, which were without power.”可知,很多人离开社区是因为社区没有电。故选D。 4.选A　推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段可知,本文主要讲述了周五在爱荷华州中部发生的龙卷风灾害情况,因此很可能是一条新闻。故选A。 [B] 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍森林的砍伐打破了水循环的平衡,导致农民收成的减少。重新造林会减少这一影响,但是农民对气候变化或森林砍伐导致产量下降的说法表示怀疑。 5.选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019”“soya beans dropped by 10%”“corn revenues dropped by 20%”可知,该段是通过列举数据来展开段落的,故选A。 6.选A　运用习语考查词义猜测。根据第四段内容可知,阻止巴西南部亚马孙森林的进一步砍伐可能会减缓这一趋势。此外,重新造林甚至可以改变降雨趋势。画线词前的“though”表示转折,再根据画线词后一句可知,巴西的农业公司往往对这类报告及其撰写者持怀疑态度。所以可以推测此处是说那看起来像是一个棘手的问题,故选A。 7.选D　推理判断题。根据第五段可知,Britaldo Soares⁃Filho希望关注森林砍伐对经济的影响,而不是抽象的建模改变农民的观念。由此可以推断,农民应该关注森林砍伐对经济的影响,故选D。 8.选A　标题归纳题。整篇文章都是围绕砍伐森林所带来的一系列影响展开的。砍伐森林导致水循环的微妙平衡被破坏,影响大气环流,而大气环流在亚马孙流域的温度调节中起着关键作用,更少的雨水和更热的天气意味着更少的收成和更少的收入。想要缓解这一结果,需要重新造林,然而巴西农民们对此持怀疑态度。所以文章在讲砍伐森林看似增加了收入但其实带来了更大的危害,故A项“砍伐森林:它增加了收入?”最能概括本文内容。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震这一自然灾害及其应对措施。文章首先概述了地震的不可预测性和可能造成的巨大破坏,然后分别从地震前、地震发生时和地震后三个阶段,详细说明了如何准备、应对和恢复。 9.选G　上文“Earthquakes are unpredictable natural disasters that can cause dramatic damage in seconds.”强调了地震的不可预测性和破坏性。选项G“它们可以在任何地点、任何时间毫无预警地发生。”进一步说明地震的不可预测性,与前文衔接紧密,且引出下文关于地震应对的内容。故选G。 10.选F　上文“Take a tour of each room to look for things that could fall or break.”提出要检查房间里可能掉落或破碎的东西。选项F“有时,稍微重新整理一下就能解决这些问题。”中的“this”指代上文寻找可能掉落或破碎的东西这件事,且说明了处理这些问题的方法是重新整理,符合语境。故选F。 11.选A　下文“In many situations that means remembering three actions: drop, cover, and hold.”介绍了地震发生时的具体应对动作。选项A“尽可能快地保护好自己。”概括了这部分内容的主旨,即尽快保护自己,引出下文。故选A。 12.选E　上文“As the Earth settles from its quake, it can produce a series of smaller quakes known as aftershocks.”指出地震后会有一系列较小的余震。选项E“有时第二次地震可能比第一次更大。”进一步说明了地震的情况,这里的“第二次地震”可以理解为余震,且余震有时可能比第一次地震更大,符合语境。故选E。 13.选D　上文“First, check for injuries ...Make noise to get responders’ attention.”主要介绍了地震后在室内的应对措施。选项D“如果你在室外,要留意周围的危险。”则补充了在室外的情况,即要留意危险,与上文在室内的情况相呼应,使关于地震后应对措施的介绍更加全面。故选D。 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $