必修第一册 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（人教版）

**基本信息** 以“语言”主题为核心，整合阅读、七选五、语法填空及读后续写模块，通过题型分类解析构建系统性解题方法，形成“现象—原因—意义—应用”的知识逻辑链，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读|4题|主旨题抓关键信息、猜测题依语境、推理题据细节|语言现象（多语言对儿童执行功能影响）| |阅读七选五|5题|段落主旨句定位、上下文逻辑衔接分析|语言变化原因与三大方面（词汇/结构/发音）| |语法填空|10空|非谓语/时态/冠词等语法规则应用|语言意义（国际语言日及中文日价值）| |读后续写|2段|情节发展与情感表达结合|语言应用（无手机旅行中的体验与反思）|

UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 学生用书　课时冲关6　P263 Ⅰ.阅读 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：多种语言可能对儿童的执行功能有益 Speaking more than one language may benefit children's executive(执行的) function — especially those with autism spectrum(自闭症谱系) disorder (ASD), a recent analysis suggests. The study, published in Autism Research, looked at 116 children aged 7 through 12.Of those, 53 had autism spectrum disorder and 63 did not, though 4 children were later excluded.Twenty­one of the children with ASD spoke more than one language, and 35 of the typically developing children were multilingual(讲多种语言的)．Most of the multilingual children spoke English and Spanish, though some spoke Portuguese, Hebrew, French, Japanese or Bulgarian in addition to English. The researchers tested the children's executive function abilities and asked parents to fill out surveys assessing autism behaviors such as viewpoint taking — the ability to understand viewpoints other than one's own — and social communication. The multilingual children all demonstrated better executive function than their counterparts who spoke just one language, regardless of whether they were on the autism spectrum.But the effect was more salient in multilingual kids with ASD.These kids had much better self­control than those who only spoke one language and had ASD. The research also found a “direct and indirect association between multilingualism and viewpoint taking.” This could be because people who speak more than one language must assess social signals to decide which language to speak or that their knowledge of more than one language comes with a higher ability to understand language itself, the researchers said. Multilingual children's executive functions could be improved by the need to choose the right language to speak, the researchers write.“If you have to balance two languages, you have to control one in order to use the other，” said Lucina Uddin, who was a professor at the University of Miami during the research.“That's the idea.The ability to stop yourself from doing something might be strengthened by knowing two languages.” Encouraging multilingualism at home could benefit kids with autism spectrum disorders, the researchers conclude, and could even provide a “natural intervention” for some types of executive function. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study? A．Its conclusion.　　　　B．Its participants. C．Its procedures. D．Its significance. 2．What does the underlined word “salient” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Predictable. B．Noticeable. C．Potential. D．Serious. 3．What conclusion can we draw about multilingual children? A．They are less likely to be sidetracked. B．They are more creative in language use. C．They are better at controlling themselves. D．They are more likely to have language disorders 4．What's the researchers' attitude to promoting multilingualism at home for autistic children? A．Negative. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究，该研究表明说多种语言可能对儿童的执行功能有益，特别是对于患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童。 1．B　[主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study, published in Autism Research, looked at 116 children aged 7 through 12.Of those, 53 had autism spectrum disorder and 63 did not, though 4 children were later excluded.Twenty­one of the children with ASD spoke more than one language, and 35 of the typically developing children were multilingual(讲多种语言的)．Most of the multilingual children spoke English and Spanish, though some spoke Portuguese, Hebrew, French, Japanese or Bulgarian in addition to English.(这项发表在《自闭症研究》杂志上的研究对116名7至12岁的儿童进行了调查。其中，53人患有自闭症谱系障碍，63人没有，尽管有4名儿童后来被排除在外。21名患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童会说一种以上的语言，35名正常发育的儿童会说多种语言。大多数会说多种语言的儿童会说英语和西班牙语，不过除了英语之外，有些儿童还会说葡萄牙语、希伯来语、法语、日语或保加利亚语。)”可知，本段主要介绍了参与这项研究的儿童的基本情况，即这项研究的参与者。] 2．B　[词句猜测题。画线词上文“The multilingual children all demonstrated better executive function than their counterparts who spoke just one language, regardless of whether they were on the autism spectrum.(无论是否患有自闭症谱系障碍，会说多种语言的儿童在执行功能方面都比只说一种语言的同龄人表现得更好。)”指出讲多种语言的儿童在执行功能上比讲一种语言的好；结合画线词所在句中“in multilingual kids with ASD(在患有自闭症谱系障碍的多语种儿童中)”以及下文“These kids had much better self­control than those who only spoke one language and had ASD.(这些孩子比那些只会说一种语言并患有自闭症的孩子有更好的自我控制能力。)”可知，画线词所在句子指的是“但是这种效果在患有自闭症谱系障碍的多语种儿童中更为明显”，salient的意思是“更明显的，更显著的”，和B项“Noticeable.(明显的)”意思相近。] 3．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“These kids had much better self­control than those who only spoke one language and had ASD.(这些孩子比那些只会说一种语言并患有自闭症的孩子有更好的自我控制能力。)”以及第六段中“‘If you have to balance two languages, you have to control one in order to use the other，’ said Lucina Uddin, who was a professor at the University of Miami during the research.‘That's the idea.The ability to stop yourself from doing something might be strengthened by knowing two languages.’(‘如果你必须平衡两种语言，你必须控制一种语言，才能使用另一种语言，’研究期间在迈阿密大学任教的露西娜·乌丁(Lucina Uddin)教授表示：‘这就是我们的观点。掌握两种语言可能会增强人们自我控制行为的能力，使自己不再去做某些事情。’)”可推知，会说多种语言的儿童自控能力更好。] 4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Encouraging multilingualism at home could benefit kids with autism spectrum disorders, the researchers conclude, and could even provide a ‘natural intervention’ for some types of executive function.(研究人员得出结论，鼓励在家中使用多种语言可能对患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童有益，甚至可以为某些类型的执行功能提供‘自然干预’。)”可推知，研究人员对鼓励自闭症儿童在家使用多种语言的态度是支持的。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：语言会随着时间而变化 In some ways, it is surprising that languages change.After all, they are passed down through the generations reliably enough for parents and children to communicate with each other.__1__ For example, while Japanese has changed relatively little over a thousand years, English evolved rapidly in just a few centuries.Many present day speakers find Shakespear's sixteenth­century plays difficult and Chaucer's fourteenth­century The Canterbury Tales nearly impossible to read. Languages change for a variety of reasons.Large­scale shifts often occur in response to social, economic, and political pressures, as there are many examples of language change fueled by invasions, colonization, and migration.__2__ Frequently, the needs of speakers drive language change.New technologies industries, products and experiences simply require new words.By using new and emerging terms, we all drive language change.But the unique way that individuals speak also fuels language change because no two individuals use a language in exactly the same way.___3__ Through our day­to­day interactions, we pick up words and savings from other people and integrate them into our speech.Teens and young adults, for example, often use different words and phrases from their parents.Some of them spread through the population and slowly change the language. __4__ Vocabulary can change quickly as new words are borrowed from other languages, or as words get coined, combined, or shortened.Some words are even created through misinterpretation of form.As noted in the Linguistic Society of America's publication Is English Changing？， the word pea is one such example.Up until about four hundred years ago, pease could refer to either a single pea or many peas.At some point, people assumed that pease was the plural form of a new word, pea, based on the way pease sounded.While vocabulary can change quickly, sentence structure－the order of words in a sentence changes more slowly.__5__ For example, during the Great Vowel Shift five hundred years ago, the pronunciation of vowels in English changed dramatically.This shift represents the biggest difference between the pronunciation of Middle English and Modern English. A．Changes in sound are somewhat harder to document but just as interesting. B．Yet linguists find that all living languages change over time－at different rates though. C．As long as people are using a language, that language will undergo some change. D．All natural languages change, and language change affects all areas of language use. E．The three main areas of language that change over time are vocabulary, sentence structure, and pronunciation. F．Even without these kinds of influences, a language can change dramatically if enough users adopt a new way of speaking. G．The vocabulary and phrases people use depend on where they live, their age, education level, social status and other factors. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言会随着时间而变化，其原因很多，变化主要体现在词汇、句子结构和发音三个方面。 1．B　[前文“In some ways, it is surprising that languages change.After all, they are passed down through the generations reliably enough for parents and children to communicate with each other.(在某些方面，语言的变化是令人惊讶的。毕竟，它们代代相传，足以让父母和孩子相互交流。)”引入文章的话题语言的变化，后文“For example, while Japanese has changed relatively little over a thousand years, English evolved rapidly in just a few centuries.(例如，在一千多年的时间里，日语的变化相对较小，而英语在短短几个世纪内就迅速演化。)”用日语和英语的变化情况作为例子，B项“Yet linguists find that all living languages change over time — at different rates though.(然而，语言学家发现，所有现存的语言都会随着时间的推移而变化——尽管变化的速度不同。)”符合语境，和前文对语言变化的惊讶构成转折，是后文的例证支持的观点，后文的“changed relatively little over a thousand years”“evolved rapidly in just a few centuries”解释了其中的“at different rates”。] 2．F　[前文“Languages change for a variety of reasons.Large­scale shifts often occur in response to social, economic, and political pressures, as there are many examples of language change fueled by invasions, colonization, and migration.(语言的变化有很多原因。由于社会、经济和政治压力的影响，语言往往会发生大规模变化，因为有很多入侵、殖民和移民推动语言变化的例子。)”点明了本段的主旨—语言变化的原因，介绍了外部宏观环境的原因，F项“Even without these kinds of influences, a language can change dramatically if enough users adopt a new way of speaking.(即使没有这些影响，如果有足够多的使用者采用一种新的说话方式，一门语言也会发生巨大的变化。)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的“these kinds of influences”指前文的“social, economic, and political pressures”，介绍了使用者方面的原因作为补充。] 3．G　[前文“But the unique way that individuals speak also fuels language change because no two individuals use a language in exactly the same way.(但是个体说话的独特方式也会促进语言的变化，因为没有两个人使用一种语言的方式完全相同。)”提到了个体使用的语言存在差异，G项“The vocabulary and phrases people use depend on where they live, their age, education level, social status and other factors.(人们使用的词汇和短语取决于他们居住的地方、年龄、教育程度、社会地位和其他因素。)”符合语境，具体解释了个体语言差异的原因。] 4．E　[空处位于段首，是段落的主旨句，需概括段落内容。后文“Vocabulary can change quickly as new words are borrowed from other languages, or as words get coined, combined, or shortened.(词汇变化很快，比如从其他语言中借用新词，或者新词被创造、组合或缩略。)”“While vocabulary can change quickly, sentence structure — the order of words in a sentence changes more slowly.(虽然词汇变化很快，但句子结构——句子中单词的顺序变化得比较慢。)”和“For example, during the Great Vowel Shift five hundred years ago, the pronunciation of vowels in English changed dramatically.(例如，在500年前的元音大推移期间，英语元音的发音发生了巨大变化。)”涉及语言变化中的词汇、句子结构和发音，E项“The three main areas of language that change over time are vocabulary, sentence structure, and pronunciation.(语言随着时间的推移发生变化的三个主要方面是词汇、句子结构和发音。)”符合语境，概括了这三个方面的内容。] 5．A　[后文“For example, during the Great Vowel Shift five hundred years ago, the pronunciation of vowels in English changed dramatically.This shift represents the biggest difference between the pronunciation of Middle English and Modern English.(例如，在500年前的元音大推移期间，英语元音的发音发生了巨大变化。这种转变体现了中世纪英语和现代英语发音的最大区别。)”介绍的是语言变化的发音方面，A项“Changes in sound are somewhat harder to document but just as interesting.(声音的变化很难记录，但同样有趣。)”符合语境，引起后文内容。] Ⅲ.语法填空 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：设立国际语言日及中文日的意义 In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages. The goal was two­fold: 1.________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2.________ (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 3.________ the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 4.________ (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 5.________ (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6.________ the world to better understand China, but also 7.________ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8.________ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9.________ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard­working people, its development through 10.________ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace(拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。 1．to celebrate　[考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。] 2．tongues　[考查名词的数。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。tongue“语言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。] 3．and　[考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。“the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations”和“the bond of understanding among civilizations”为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。] 4．written　[考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。] 5．be treated　[考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。] 6．for　[考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。] 7．promotes　[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。] 8．improving　[考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。] 9．the　[考查冠词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定用法，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。] 10．innovation　[考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。] Ⅳ.读后续写 主题：人与自我 体裁：记叙文 话题：无手机的旅行 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kathy's family vacation to the beach was usually the highlight of her summer.This year, however, her parents announced a new rule: no phones for the entire week. “But my friends will be expecting updates about the trip，” Kathy complained.Kathy's mom gave her a serious look.Unwillingly, Kathy handed her phone over and her mom locked it away. The drive to the beach house took most of the day.As they turned off the highway onto country back roads, the clouds darkened.Rain started to pour.“Even more beautiful in the rain，” her mother said.“What do you think, Kathy？” Kathy glared at her mom.“Beautiful，” she muttered. That night after dinner, Kathy wandered into the kitchen, where her father was washing dishes.She gave her father a loving look and said in her sweetest voice, “Couldn't I have my phone back, just for one second? Just so I can tell everyone what an amazing time I'm having？” “Can't，” he said.“It's not here.Remember？” Kathy was very annoyed.Having nothing better to do, she examined the dusty bookcase in the living room.The books looked as dull as the weather.On the top shelf, however, she spotted a puzzle.She took it, emptied the pieces on the table, and began to sort them. After what seemed like a few minutes, she looked up.It was past ten o'clock.She had been working for almost two hours! She yawned.The puzzle was less than half done, but she was exhausted.So, she went to bed. When Kathy awoke the next morning, she jumped out of bed and threw open the curtains.A blazing sun was rising over the blue ocean.The sky was cloudless.The scene reminded Kathy of a photo that her friend Betty had recently sent her. This view was even better.It would leave everyone speechless.Kathy dashed to her bedside table and reached for her phone.But there was nothing there.She sighed.Still, she wandered in front of the window, admiring the sunrise. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 After a quick breakfast, Kathy headed to the beach.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Appreciating the finished puzzle, she realized she hadn't thought of her cellphone for hours.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] After a quick breakfast, Kathy headed to the beach.Under no circumstances had Kathy expected the scenery to be so spectacular! With the sea wind blowing against her face, Kathy totally lost herself in the stunning views.After half an hour's leisure walk along the beach, Kathy returned to the house.“How do I spend the rest of the day？” Kathy murmured to herself.Suddenly, the unfinished puzzle caught her attention.She felt a little excited and buried herself in it once again.Every time the shapes met, Kathy was overwhelmed with happiness.Soon, all that were left were a few gaps.She quickly put the remaining pieces into place.The puzzle was completed! Appreciating the finished puzzle, she realized she hadn't thought of her cellphone for hours.Trying to preserve the image in her mind, she quietly started taking it apart rather than taking pictures to update about the trip.That, she thought, was just for me.Without the distractions from her cellphone, she found herself engaged in story sharing session with Mom and Daddy willingly.They spent a high­quality family time together.On arriving home, Mom gave her cellphone back.This time, however, she had no intention to share but to keep all the great memories in her mind. [语篇解读]　本文以Kathy一家的一次旅行为线索。妈妈要求这是一次无手机的旅行，开始Kathy十分地不习惯，但又不得不遵守规则。Kathy完成了拼图，并且欣赏到了平时看不到的美景，并且还尽情地享受了和父母在一起的时间和温暖。 [详解] 1．段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Kathy快速地吃完早餐后，就跑去海边”可知，本段可以写Kathy在海边所看到壮丽的美景，并且感到受温暖的海风。然后回家完成昨天晚上没有完成的拼图。 ②由第二段首句内容“欣赏着自己拼完的拼图，Kathy意识到她已经好几个小时都没有想起手机这回事了”可知，本段可以写在没有手机的打扰下，一家人在这里度过的温馨的生活，是在平时感受不到的，回到家后，妈妈再把手机还给Kathy后，Kathy似乎已经不需要手机了。 2．续写线索：去海边→欣赏美景→回家完成拼图→与父母安静地度过这个假期→渐渐地已经不需要手机→感悟 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $