专题04 Units 7～8（语法综合练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦定语从句与主谓一致，以“概念-规则-应用”逻辑构建方法体系，通过分类示例与梯度训练实现高频考点突破，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |定语从句|含定义/要素/关系代词示例，单选18题|提炼“三大要素”“关系代词指代-成分-省略”规则，通过正误对比明确位置规律|从概念（修饰作用）到核心要素（先行词/关系词/从句），再到关系代词具体用法，形成“识别-判断-选择”逻辑链| |主谓一致|含三大原则（语法/意义/就近）及12类规则示例，单选22题+单词拼写10题|分类归纳“语法一致看形式、意义一致看内涵、就近原则看邻近主语”解题方法，结合集体名词/数量表达等特殊情况|以原则为框架，细分“and连接词/不定代词/介词短语”等具体规则，通过“主语特征-原则匹配-谓语形式”推导过程强化应用|

专题04 Units 7~8（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 考点一 ：定语从句 项目 核心内容 示例 定义 修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的从句，相当于形容词的作用，常翻译为 “…… 的” This is the book that I bought yesterday.（这是我昨天买的那本书。） 三大要素 1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词 / 代词 2. 关系词：连接主句和从句的词（分为关系代词、关系副词） 3. 定语从句：修饰先行词的句子部分 句中： - 先行词：the book - 关系词：that - 定语从句：I bought yesterday 位置规律 通常紧跟在先行词之后，避免歧义 错误：I saw a girl in the park who wears a red dress. 正确：I saw a girl who wears a red dress in the park. 关系代词的用法（重点） 关系代词 指代对象 在句中成分 可省略情况 示例 who 人（主格） 主语 不可省略 The boy who is talking is my brother.（正在说话的男孩是我弟弟。） whom 人（宾格） 宾语 可省略（口语中常用 who 代替） The teacher whom you met yesterday is very kind.（你昨天见到的那位老师很和蔼。） which 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The pen which is on the desk is mine.（桌子上的那支笔是我的。） 2. This is the song which I like best.（这是我最喜欢的歌。） that 人 / 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The man that helped me is a doctor.（帮我的那个人是医生。） 2. The story that she told is interesting.（她讲的故事很有趣。） 考点二 ：主谓一致 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 1.and 或 both...and... 复数 Tom and Bob are good friends. Both Mary and Echo are teachers. 2.不定代词 either/neither/each one/the other/another/anybody/nothing... 单数 Everyone is absent today. 3. 由 each/each...and each.../every...and every 做 主语用于复数主语后作同位语 单数 复数 Each boy and each girl was given a new book. We each have an umbrella. 4.主语后接有 with/along with/together with/as well as/no/rather/than/including/besides/like /except/but 看主语 The teacher with his students is reading. 5.a number of+名词复数 “大量的 ” the number of+名词复数 “…的数量 ” 复数 单数 A number of trees are cut down. The number of trees is 20. 6. a lot of/plenty of/分数/百分数 +of+名词 看名词 A lot of students are playing volleyball. 7.a pair of+复数名词 pairs of+复数名词 单数 复数 A pair of glasses is on the table. Pairs of shoes are made each day. 8.某些只有复数形式的词 clothes/trousers/shorts/pants/shoes/gloves 等 复数 My trousers are worn out. 9.不定式或动名词做主语 单数 Reading is learning. 意义一致原则：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 1.a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指同一个人 或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物 单数 复数 The singer and writer is swimming. The singer and the writer are swimming. 2.表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词作 主语 单数 Three dollars is enough. 3.集体名词 (family/team/crowd/class/group/government) 表整体概念 ，表集体中的成员 单数 复数 His family is going to move. His family are watching TV. 4.集合名词(people/police/cattle)做主语 复数 The police are helping a girl find her mom. 5.one and a half+复数名词 one+单数名词+and+a half 复数 单数 One an a half cakes have been eaten. One cake and a half has been eaten. 6.the+姓氏复数，表“…一家人 ” 复数 The Whites prefer walking to driving cars. 就近原则：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 1. either … or … /neither … nor … /not (only)…but (also) Not only my parents but also I look forward to meeting him. 2. There be…/Here be… There is a book and two books on the sofa. 一、单项选择 1．—Who is the man over there? —He is a famous singer ________ is very popular with young people. A．which B．whom C．that D．whose 2．I’m reading the book ________ Lucy lent me last week. A．what B．who C．that 3．The speech spoken of some writers and novels ________ were known to us all. A．which B．that C．who D．what 4．Abing was a famous folk artist ________ was good at playing erhu. A．/ B．what C．who D．when 5．The four tools ________ people used for Chinese handwriting are called “Four Treasures of the Study”. A．why B．what C．who D．/ 6．We should respect the heroes ________ are risking their lives to protect our country. A．which B．whom C．who D．what 7．Gaoyou is an ancient city ________ is full of places of interest. A．where B．which C．who D．/ 8．—This is the best gift ________ I have ever received from my grandparents. —Oh, it must bring back good memories. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 9．—Have you found the information about famous people ________ you can use for the report? —Not yet. I’ll search on the internet. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 10．Gui Haichao is an astronaut ________ was born in Shidian, Baoshan. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 11．He will never forget the delicious food and kind people ________ interested him during his stay in Yangzhou. A．that B．which C．who D．/ 12．—Who is recommended to be the Person of the Year? —Mrs. Green. She’s a village teacher ________ gives a helping hand to others. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 13．Orange is a warm colour _________ represents joy. A．what B．who C．where D．which 14．—Who is your new Chemistry teacher? —Mr. Zhang, the man ________ is wearing a blue T-shirt over there. A．whom B．whose C．which D．who 15．This is the house ________ Lu Xun once lived in. We often visit it on weekends. A．which B．where C．when D．why 16．Many experts attended (参加) the Zhuzi Studies Conference ________ was held in Nanping on October 18, 2025. A．which B．when C．who 17．Kimi is a useful app _________ offers lots of learning materials. A．which B．what C．who 18．This is the popular science video ________ I watched yesterday about the Deepseek. A．that B．what C．who 19．—Nowadays, many children fall in love with paper cutting. —That’s true. It can ________ express their own fantastic ideas ________ improve their hands-on ability. A．either; or B．not; but C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 20．I feel ________ my parents ________my teachers really understand how I feel inside. A．not only; but also B．either; or C．neither; nor D．both; and 21．Either reading or listening ________ helpful for improving our memory. A．is B．are C．was D．were 22．There ________ few memory training methods for students ten years ago. A．is B．are C．was D．were 23．Here ________ some apples and a banana. A．is B．are C．was D．were 24．The girl with two deskmates ________ under great stress now. A．is B．are C．were D．was 25．My mother together with my sisters ________ shopping every Saturday. A．goes B．go C．going D．to go 26．A heated topic as well as many useful ideas ________ at yesterday’s class meeting. A．was discussed B．were discussed C．discussed D．discusses 27．—Nobody except you ________ late for school this morning. —Sorry, I went to school when it began to rain quickly. A．was B．were C．are 28．My family ________ watching winter sports together every winter. A．like B．likes C．liked D．liking 29．A couple of months ________ enough to grow peanuts. A．is B．are C．be 30．—This year is special for us Chinese. —More than 70 years ________ since China was set up. A．has past B．have passed C．has passed 31．The police ________ looking for the lost child everywhere. A．is B．are C．was D．be 32．The old ________ taken good care of in our country. A．is B．are C．was D．were 33．Look, the sheep ________ grass. They’re so cute. A．is eating B．are eating C．eat 34．Bottles ________ glass. A．is made of B．are made of C．is made from D．are made from 35．—Look! There ________ so many teenagers ________ photos in the park. —Yes. They are all excited about the spring outing. A．are; taking B．is; taking C．are; take D．is; take 36．Two thirds of the population in that town ________ farmers. A．be B．is C．am D．are 37．—Have you got any water to drink? —Here you are. There ________ still a little water in the bottle. A．are B．have C．is D．has 38．Either my brother or I ________ going to the supermarket to buy snacks. A．am B．is C．are D．be 39．Look! Julia as well as her sisters ________ a kite on the playground. A．are flying B．flies C．is flying 40．Not only Sally but also her two brothers ________ interested in ping-pong when they were young. A．is B．was C．are D．were 二、单词拼写 41．Neither he nor I ________ (be) interested in this movie. 42．Either Lisa or John and Lily ________ to the ball last night. (invite) 43．Not only the young but also the old ________ (like) playing basketball today. 44．Cheer up, guys! There ________ (be) always a reason to smile, even on the hardest days. 45．Lily together with her sisters often ______ (go) to the cinema at weekends. 46．Sue as well as her parents ________ (have) supper yesterday when the telephone rang. 47．Ten thousand years __________ (be) too long. 48．—How hard the wind blew last night! —Yet the police ________ (check) the scene of the crime just then. 49．In our neighborhood, everyone ________ (have) different skills. 50．Three fifths of the land in our hometown ________ (be) covered with trees. You can come over on vacation in summer. 三、阅读理解 （25-26九年级上·山东济宁·期末）Music plays a big role in our daily lives. It can change how we feel and make us happy, calm, or even energetic. A recent study found that people’s music choices often depend on their moods. When feeling stressed, most people prefer smooth music. For example, classical music by composers like Mozart or Beethoven helps lower heart rate and reduce anxiety. “I listen to piano music every night after work,” said Lisa, a 32-year-old teacher. “It makes me forget the day’s tiredness and helps me sleep better.” On the other hand, when people want to stay active, they often choose upbeat music. Pop or rock music with fast rhythms works well for this. Students often listen to such music while doing homework or exercising. “I put on my favorite pop songs when I need to finish a tough project,” said Tom, a high school student. “The music keeps me focused and motivated.” However, some people stick to one type of music no matter their mood. “I love jazz more than any other music,” said Mike, a college student. “Even when I’m sad, jazz makes me feel better because it has such rich and deep sounds.” The study also showed that music not only affects our mood but also connects people. Sharing favorite songs with friends or family can bring them closer. So next time you’re in a certain mood, try picking a song that fits—it might just make your day better! 1．Why does Lisa listen to piano music every night? A．It helps her stay active and energetic. B．It makes her forget tiredness and sleep better. C．It keeps her focused on her work. D．It reminds her of her friends and family. 2．What does the underlined word “upbeat” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Slow and calm. B．Fast and cheerful. C．Sad and moving. D．Quiet and soft. 3．Which of the following can be inferred (推断) from the passage? A．Jazz music is only popular among college students. B．Music has no effect on people who stick to one music type. C．Sharing music can help improve relationships. D．Upbeat music is not suitable for people who are sad. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Different people like different kinds of music. B．Music can influence people’s moods and bring people together. C．Classical music is the best choice for people who are stressed. D．Students should listen to music while doing homework. （2026·宁夏银川·二模）On April 26, 2026, the London Marathon (马拉松) made great world sports history. Kenyan (肯尼亚) runner Sebastian Sawe won the men’s race. He finished the marathon in 1 hour and 59 minutes. He became the first runner to finish a full (全程的) marathon in less than two hours in official games. He ran 65 seconds faster than the old world record. It surprised sports fans and experts around. The 30-year-old runner comes from the countryside of Kenya. When he was young, he joined school running races. Later he began professional training. He kept strict everyday training and never gave up when he met troubles. With lots of practice and strong spirit, he became better and better at running. His quiet and steady running way is famous worldwide. People call him the “Silent Assassin (刺客)” in running. The marathon was very competitive. Ethiopian (埃塞俄比亚的) runner Yomif Kejelcha ran nearly with Sawe all the way. He finished second, also under two hours. Jacob Kiplimo from Uganda (乌干达) got third. His time was also better than the old world record. After the race, Sawe talked about his feelings. He said he kept healthy and strong in the final part. He felt very proud of this great record. This special moment opens a new page in marathon history. People once thought finishing a marathon in less than two hours was impossible. Now the hard limit is broken. It tells people that hard work can help humans go past their physical limits. 1．How long did Sebastian Sawe spend finishing the London Marathon? A．Less than one hour. B．One hour and fifty-nine minutes. C．Two hours exactly. D．Two hours and thirty seconds. 2．What can we learn about Sabastian Sawe from Paragraph 2? A．He gave up training when he had difficulties. B．He started running in professional camps as a little kid. C．He improved his running ability through hard practice. D．He lived in big cities of Kenya all his life. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．No one can break physical limits forever. B．Continuous (持续的) hard work helps people achieve great things. C．The marathon record will never be broken again. D．All runners can finish a marathon under two hours easily. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Famous Marathon Runners in Africa B．Different Rules of World Marathon C．How to Become a Good Marathon Runner D．A Great New Record in London Marathon 四、语法填空 （25-26九年级上·山东青岛·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The famous song, Mo Li Hua (Jasmine Flower) is a Chinese folk song from Jiangsu Province. It was one of the first Chinese folk 1 (song) to be liked by people outside China. The popular song describes 2 custom of giving jasmine flowers. The song made its first appearance in the 3 (eighteen) century. It was created during the Qianlong period (1735-1796). 4 (Gradual) it became more and more popular. In 1896, the song was used as the national anthem (国歌) of Qing Dynasty in Europe. And it was played on the days 5 Hong Kong (1997) and Macau (1999) came back to China. An adaptation (改编) by Tan Dun and Wang Hesheng was played during the medal ceremonies at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. In 2018, Mo Li Hua 6 (sing) in Chinese by the King’s College choir (合唱团) in Cambridge University. Wang Yaping played a part of the popular music on Shenzhou-13 to celebrate the Lantern Festival 7 the evening of February 15, 2022. The song 8 (express) sincere and simple feelings of the Chinese people. People describe the music as “heart-touching”. It is such a beautiful song that it almost stands for China abroad. This melody is a 9 (culture) gift from the Chinese people to the world. With music, friendship is our message around the world, 10 (try) to achieve worldwide understanding. （25-26九年级上·湖南衡阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不超过三个单词) Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts of the world. It 1 (have) a history of over a century. The 2 (invent) of basketball, James Naismith, came 3 Canada. He invented basketball for his students in 1891. At first, basketball was an indoor game so that it could be 4 (play) in winter. Basketball soon became very popular. In 1946, the National Basketball Association (NBA) came into being. There were many great basketball 5 (star) in the NBA．For many years they were all Americans. 6 now many good players come from other countries. Basketball is both an indoor 7 outdoor game. It is a team sport with two teams of five players each. The goal is to throw the ball through the other 8 (team) basket, and to stop the other team from doing so. You can throw it from any part of the court with one hand or both hands. You can also pass the ball to your teammates. But you must follow the rules. For example, you can’t hold the ball and run with it. To win basketball games, you should have 9 (well) skills. But it is more important for you and the other players to play as a team. You are sure to enjoy 10 (play) this popular sport. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 Units 7~8（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 考点一 ：定语从句 项目 核心内容 示例 定义 修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的从句，相当于形容词的作用，常翻译为 “…… 的” This is the book that I bought yesterday.（这是我昨天买的那本书。） 三大要素 1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词 / 代词 2. 关系词：连接主句和从句的词（分为关系代词、关系副词） 3. 定语从句：修饰先行词的句子部分 句中： - 先行词：the book - 关系词：that - 定语从句：I bought yesterday 位置规律 通常紧跟在先行词之后，避免歧义 错误：I saw a girl in the park who wears a red dress. 正确：I saw a girl who wears a red dress in the park. 关系代词的用法（重点） 关系代词 指代对象 在句中成分 可省略情况 示例 who 人（主格） 主语 不可省略 The boy who is talking is my brother.（正在说话的男孩是我弟弟。） whom 人（宾格） 宾语 可省略（口语中常用 who 代替） The teacher whom you met yesterday is very kind.（你昨天见到的那位老师很和蔼。） which 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The pen which is on the desk is mine.（桌子上的那支笔是我的。） 2. This is the song which I like best.（这是我最喜欢的歌。） that 人 / 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The man that helped me is a doctor.（帮我的那个人是医生。） 2. The story that she told is interesting.（她讲的故事很有趣。） 考点二 ：主谓一致 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 1.and 或 both...and... 复数 Tom and Bob are good friends. Both Mary and Echo are teachers. 2.不定代词 either/neither/each one/the other/another/anybody/nothing... 单数 Everyone is absent today. 3. 由 each/each...and each.../every...and every 做 主语用于复数主语后作同位语 单数 复数 Each boy and each girl was given a new book. We each have an umbrella. 4.主语后接有 with/along with/together with/as well as/no/rather/than/including/besides/like /except/but 看主语 The teacher with his students is reading. 5.a number of+名词复数 “大量的 ” the number of+名词复数 “…的数量 ” 复数 单数 A number of trees are cut down. The number of trees is 20. 6. a lot of/plenty of/分数/百分数 +of+名词 看名词 A lot of students are playing volleyball. 7.a pair of+复数名词 pairs of+复数名词 单数 复数 A pair of glasses is on the table. Pairs of shoes are made each day. 8.某些只有复数形式的词 clothes/trousers/shorts/pants/shoes/gloves 等 复数 My trousers are worn out. 9.不定式或动名词做主语 单数 Reading is learning. 意义一致原则：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 1.a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指同一个人 或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物 单数 复数 The singer and writer is swimming. The singer and the writer are swimming. 2.表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词作 主语 单数 Three dollars is enough. 3.集体名词 (family/team/crowd/class/group/government) 表整体概念 ，表集体中的成员 单数 复数 His family is going to move. His family are watching TV. 4.集合名词(people/police/cattle)做主语 复数 The police are helping a girl find her mom. 5.one and a half+复数名词 one+单数名词+and+a half 复数 单数 One an a half cakes have been eaten. One cake and a half has been eaten. 6.the+姓氏复数，表“…一家人 ” 复数 The Whites prefer walking to driving cars. 就近原则：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 1. either … or … /neither … nor … /not (only)…but (also) Not only my parents but also I look forward to meeting him. 2. There be…/Here be… There is a book and two books on the sofa. 一、单项选择 1．—Who is the man over there? —He is a famous singer ________ is very popular with young people. A．which B．whom C．that D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—那边那个人是谁？—他是一位在年轻人中非常受欢迎的著名歌手。 which指物；whom指人（宾格），作宾语；that既可指人也可指物且可作主语；whose谁的，后需接名词。分析句子可知，先行词是a famous singer，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。 2．I’m reading the book ________ Lucy lent me last week. A．what B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我正在读露西上周借给我的那本书。   此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the book指物，关系词在定语从句中作lent的宾语，可用that或which，who只能指人，what不能引导定语从句。故选用that。 3．The speech spoken of some writers and novels ________ were known to us all. A．which B．that C．who D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这次演讲谈到了一些我们大家都知道的作家和小说。 which引导定语从句，先行词是物；that引导定语从句，先行词是人或物；who引导定语从句，先行词是人；what不引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知，先行词是“writers and novels”，既有人又有物，关系代词只能用that。 4．Abing was a famous folk artist ________ was good at playing erhu. A．/ B．what C．who D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：阿炳是一位擅长拉二胡的著名民间艺术家。 what什么；who谁；when什么时候。本句先行词为“a famous folk artist”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，who符合语法规则。 5．The four tools ________ people used for Chinese handwriting are called “Four Treasures of the Study”. A．why B．what C．who D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们用于中国书法的四种工具被称为“文房四宝”。 why为什么，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词通常是reason；what什么，不引导定语从句；who谁，引导定语从句时，先行词指人。空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作动词used的宾语，先行词是tools，指物，因此可用that引导此定语从句，that在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，因此此处不填单词即可。 6．We should respect the heroes ________ are risking their lives to protect our country. A．which B．whom C．who D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该尊敬那些冒着生命危险保卫我们国家的英雄。 which哪一个；whom谁；who谁；what什么。此处为定语从句，先行词“the heroes”指人且从句中缺主语，应填who。 7．Gaoyou is an ancient city ________ is full of places of interest. A．where B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：高邮是一座充满名胜古迹的古城。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。where在哪里，关系副词；which哪一个，关系代词指物；who谁，关系代词指人。先行词“an ancient city”是地点，但定语从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词which指代先行词“city”，并在从句中作主语。故选B。 8．—This is the best gift ________ I have ever received from my grandparents. —Oh, it must bring back good memories. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是我从祖父母那里收到的最好的礼物。——哦，它一定唤起了美好的回忆。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；that那个；who谁；whom谁。先行词是“the best gift”，指物，且先行词被形容词最高级“the best”修饰，定语从句中关系词作宾语，指物时通常用that，且当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系词只能用that。故选B。 9．—Have you found the information about famous people ________ you can use for the report? —Not yet. I’ll search on the internet. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你找到那份可以用来写报告的关于名人的信息了吗？——还没有。我会在网上搜索。 考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个；who谁；what什么；whom谁（宾格）。先行词是“the information”，指物，且从句中缺宾语，应使用关系代词which。故选A。 10．Gui Haichao is an astronaut ________ was born in Shidian, Baoshan. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：桂海潮是一位出生在保山施甸的宇航员。 考查定语从句。which指代物；who指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom指代人，在从句中作宾语；where指代地点，在从句中作状语。先行词“an astronaut”指人，且从句中缺少主语，因此需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选B。 11．He will never forget the delicious food and kind people ________ interested him during his stay in Yangzhou. A．that B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他永远不会忘记在扬州停留期间让他感兴趣的美味食物和友善的人们。 考查定语从句关系词。that那个；which哪个；who谁；/不填。先行词是“the delicious food and kind people”，既包含物又包含人，且从句中缺少主语，此时关系词应用that。故选A。 12．—Who is recommended to be the Person of the Year? —Mrs. Green. She’s a village teacher ________ gives a helping hand to others. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁被推荐为年度人物？——格林女士。她是一位乐于助人的乡村教师。 考查定语从句。which指物；whom指人，作宾语；whose表示所属关系；who指人，作主语。本句是定语从句，先行词“a village teacher”指人，且在从句中作主语，因此用who引导定语从句。故选D。 13．Orange is a warm colour _________ represents joy. A．what B．who C．where D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：橙色是一种代表喜悦的暖色。 考查定语从句关系词。what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句时，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；where引导定语从句时，先行词为地点，在从句中作地点状语；which引导定语从句时，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词“a warm colour（一种暖色）”为物，且在从句中作主语，所以应该用which引导。故选D。 14．—Who is your new Chemistry teacher? —Mr. Zhang, the man ________ is wearing a blue T-shirt over there. A．whom B．whose C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁是你的新化学老师？——张老师，那边那个穿着蓝色T恤的男人。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。whom指人，在从句中作宾语；whose指人或物，在从句中作定语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词“the man”指人，且在从句中作主语，所以应该用who来引导。故选D。 15．This is the house ________ Lu Xun once lived in. We often visit it on weekends. A．which B．where C．when D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。我们经常在周末参观它。 考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个（关系代词）；where在哪里（关系副词）；when什么时候（关系副词）；why为什么（关系副词）。先行词是the house，从句为“Lu Xun once lived in”，其中live in为及物动词短语，缺少宾语，应使用关系代词which或that来指代先行词并在从句中作宾语。故选A。 16．Many experts attended (参加) the Zhuzi Studies Conference ________ was held in Nanping on October 18, 2025. A．which B．when C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多专家参加了2025年10月18日在南平举行的朱子学会议。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which指代物；when指代时间；who指代人。分析句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，修饰先行词“the Zhuzi Studies Conference”（朱子学会议），该先行词表示事物，且从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词which。故选A。 17．Kimi is a useful app _________ offers lots of learning materials. A．which B．what C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Kimi是一个提供大量学习资料的有用应用。 考查定语从句关系代词。which指物；what不引导定语从句；who指人。先行词“app”指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故选A。 18．This is the popular science video ________ I watched yesterday about the Deepseek. A．that B．what C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这就是我昨天看的关于深度求索的那个科普视频。 考查定语从句关系代词。先行词“the popular science video”为物，在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导；what不引导定语从句；who用于指人。故选A。 19．—Nowadays, many children fall in love with paper cutting. —That’s true. It can ________ express their own fantastic ideas ________ improve their hands-on ability. A．either; or B．not; but C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——如今，许多孩子都爱上了剪纸。——确实如此。它不仅能表达他们自己的奇思妙想，还能提高他们的动手能力。 “either…or…”意为“要么……要么……”，表示二选一的选择关系；“not…but…”意为“不是……而是……”，表示对比转折关系；“neither…nor…”意为“既不……也不……”，表示全部否定；“not only…but also…”意为“不仅……而且……”，表示递进关系。根据句意可知，前后两个分句“express their own fantastic ideas”和“improve their hands-on ability”都是剪纸带来的好处，属于递进关系，所以not only...but also…符合语境。 20．I feel ________ my parents ________my teachers really understand how I feel inside. A．not only; but also B．either; or C．neither; nor D．both; and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我感觉我的父母和老师都不真正理解我内心的感受。 not only...but also...不仅……而且……；either...or...要么……要么……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；both...and...……和……两者都。该句表达青少年常见的内心感受，即不被理解的感受，含有否定意味，neither...nor...符合语法和句意。 21．Either reading or listening ________ helpful for improving our memory. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：阅读或者倾听都有助于提升我们的记忆力。 is是；are是；was是；were是。either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，与最近的主语listening保持一致，为单数。且句子为一般现在时，应用is。 22．There ________ few memory training methods for students ten years ago. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：十年前可供学生使用的记忆训练方法很少。 根据时间状语“ten years ago”可知句子为一般过去时，且主语是“memory training methods”，there be句型遵循“就近原则”，应填were。 23．Here ________ some apples and a banana. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里有一些苹果和一根香蕉。 考查主谓一致。根据“Here … some apples and a banana.”可知，here引导的倒装句中谓语动词需与最近的主语保持一致，最近的主语是“some apples”，表示复数，且句子为一般现在时，故用are。故选B。 24．The girl with two deskmates ________ under great stress now. A．is B．are C．were D．was 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个有两个同桌的女孩处于巨大的压力之下。 主语是“The girl”，单数第三人称，“with two deskmates”是介词短语作后置定语，谓语动词应与主语“The girl”保持人称和数的一致，用单数形式，排除B和C；结合“now”，句子描述当前的状态，用一般现在时is。 25．My mother together with my sisters ________ shopping every Saturday. A．goes B．go C．going D．to go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈连同我的姐妹们每个星期六都去购物。 根据时间状语“every Saturday”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；主语核心词是“My mother”，“together with my sisters”是介词短语作伴随状语，谓语动词应遵循“就远原则”，与“My mother”保持一致，用第三人称单数形式goes。 26．A heated topic as well as many useful ideas ________ at yesterday’s class meeting. A．was discussed B．were discussed C．discussed D．discusses 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天的班级会议上讨论了一个热门话题以及许多实用的想法。 当主语后跟有as well as时遵循就前原则，故谓语动词与A heated discussion保持一致，用单数；主语与动词discuss之间是被动关系，且根据“at yesterday’s class meeting”可知是一般过去时，需用被动语态。应填was discussed。 27．—Nobody except you ________ late for school this morning. —Sorry, I went to school when it began to rain quickly. A．was B．were C．are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——除了你，今天早上没有人上学迟到。——对不起，当我去上学时，突然开始下雨了。 考查主谓一致。was是，be动词的过去式单数；were是，be动词的过去式复数；are是，be动词的现在式复数。主语“Nobody except you”中，“nobody”是单数，谓语动词需用单数形式，且时间状语“this morning”表示过去，因此用过去式单数。故选A。 28．My family ________ watching winter sports together every winter. A．like B．likes C．liked D．liking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们一家人每年冬天都会一起看冬季运动。 every winter是一般现在时标志词；family此处指代家中全体成员，表复数含义，谓语动词用原形，对应选项A；likes用于主语为单数名词/第三人称单数，liked为一般过去式，liking不能单独作句子谓语，均不符合句子语法要求。 29．A couple of months ________ enough to grow peanuts. A．is B．are C．be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：几个月的时间是足够种植花生的。 is是（单数）；are是（复数）；be是（原形）。表示时间、金钱、距离等的复数名词作主语时，通常被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；根据“A couple of months”可知表示一段时间，看作整体，谓语动词用单数is。 30．—This year is special for us Chinese. —More than 70 years ________ since China was set up. A．has past B．have passed C．has passed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今年对我们中国人来说很特别。——自中国成立以来，70多年已经过去了。 考查时态以及主谓一致。past超过，是介词，故排除A；根据“since China was set up”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为“More than 70 years”，助动词用has。故选C。 31．The police ________ looking for the lost child everywhere. A．is B．are C．was D．be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：警方正在到处寻找那个走失的孩子。 考查主谓一致。police是集体名词，通常表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。句子时态为现在进行时，所以be动词用are。故选B。 32．The old ________ taken good care of in our country. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们国家，老年人得到了很好的照顾。 考查主谓一致。the old表示老年人，是复数概念，谓语动词需用复数形式；且句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，be动词用are。故选B。 33．Look, the sheep ________ grass. They’re so cute. A．is eating B．are eating C．eat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看，那些羊正在吃草。它们真可爱。 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“Look”可知，句子用现在进行时“am/is/are doing”，结合“They”，此处的“the sheep”应是复数，be动词用are。故选B。 34．Bottles ________ glass. A．is made of B．are made of C．is made from D．are made from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：瓶子是由玻璃制成的。 主语Bottles是复数，be动词用are，排除A、C；be made of表示“由……制成”，能看出原材料（物理变化）；be made from表示“由……制成”，看不出原材料（化学变化）。瓶子由玻璃制成，能看出原材料，故用be made of。 35．—Look! There ________ so many teenagers ________ photos in the park. —Yes. They are all excited about the spring outing. A．are; taking B．is; taking C．are; take D．is; take 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！公园里有很多青少年正在拍照。——是的。他们都对春游感到兴奋。 第一空，there be句型中be动词的形式由主语决定，主语so many teenagers为复数，故用are；第二空，根据Look!可知动作正在发生，there be sb. doing sth.意为“有某人正在做某事”，故用taking。 36．Two thirds of the population in that town ________ farmers. A．be B．is C．am D．are 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个城镇三分之二的人口是农民。 population表示“人口”时，若指整体人口，谓语动词用单数形式；若指具体的人口成员，谓语动词用复数形式。此处“two thirds of the population”指的是具体的人口成员（农民），谓语用复数形式are。 37．—Have you got any water to drink? —Here you are. There ________ still a little water in the bottle. A．are B．have C．is D．has 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你有可以喝的水吗？——给你。瓶子里还有一些水。   are用于there be句型，主语是复数；have有，动词原形，不能用于there be句型；is用于there be句型，主语是单数或不可数名词；has有，单三形式，不能用于there be句型。此处句子是there be句型，主语“a little water”为不可数名词，be动词应用is。 38．Either my brother or I ________ going to the supermarket to buy snacks. A．am B．is C．are D．be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：要么我哥哥要么我是要去超市买零食的。 either...or...连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与最近的主语保持一致。句中离横线最近的主语是“I”，所以be动词用am。 39．Look! Julia as well as her sisters ________ a kite on the playground. A．are flying B．flies C．is flying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！朱莉娅以及她的姐妹们正在操场上放风筝。 根据“Look!”可知动作正在发生，应用现在进行时,其结构为：be+现在分词；as well as连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，Julia是第三人称单数，be动词用is。A选项be动词为are，排除；B选项flies为第三人称单数，排除。 40．Not only Sally but also her two brothers ________ interested in ping-pong when they were young. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不仅萨莉，而且她的两个兄弟年轻时都是对乒乓球感兴趣的。 is是；was是；are是；were是。根据“Not only... but also...”连接主语时谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，离空格最近的主语是 her two brothers，为名词复数形式，排除A、B；时间状语从句“when they were young”可知句子应用一般过去时，排除C。故选D。 二、单词拼写 41．Neither he nor I ________ (be) interested in this movie. 【答案】am 【详解】句意：他和我都对这部电影不感兴趣。根据“Neither...nor...”连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则，即与最靠近的主语保持一致。最靠近的主语是I，be动词用am。 42．Either Lisa or John and Lily ________ to the ball last night. (invite) 【答案】were invited 【详解】句意：昨晚不是丽莎就是约翰和莉莉被邀请参加舞会。根据“Either Lisa or John and Lily ... to the ball last night.”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，主语与invite是被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，either...or...表示“要么……要么……”，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则，由于“John and Lily”是复数形式，be动词用were。故填were invited。 43．Not only the young but also the old ________ (like) playing basketball today. 【答案】like 【详解】句意：如今不仅年轻人而且老年人都喜欢打篮球。not only…but also…连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，the old表示一类人，视为复数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 44．Cheer up, guys! There ________ (be) always a reason to smile, even on the hardest days. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：振作起来，伙计们！即使在最艰难的日子里，也总有理由微笑。此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是a reason，be动词用is。故填is。 45．Lily together with her sisters often ______ (go) to the cinema at weekends. 【答案】goes 【详解】句意：莉莉和她的姐妹们经常在周末去看电影。根据often可知，时态是一般现在时；当“together with”连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的形式通常与前面的名词或代词保持一致。题干中，together with前的名词Lily表示单数，所以空处应用go的第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 46．Sue as well as her parents ________ (have) supper yesterday when the telephone rang. 【答案】was having 【详解】句意：昨天苏和她的父母正在家里吃饭时电话铃响了。分析句子可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示从句动作在主句动作发生过程中发生。又因as well as连接两个并列成分做主语时，谓语动词与前一个主语保持一致，第一个主语为Sue。故填was having。 47．Ten thousand years __________ (be) too long. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：一万年太久了。主语ten thousands years表示一段时间，一段时间作主语，需要把一段时间看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；根据所给提示词，be动词的单数形式是is。故填is。 48．—How hard the wind blew last night! —Yet the police ________ (check) the scene of the crime just then. 【答案】were checking 【详解】句意：——昨晚风刮得真厉害！——然而，警察正在检查犯罪现场。check“检查”，根据“just then”可知此处表示刮风的时候警察正在检查犯罪现场，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是集体名词police，所以be动词用were。故填were checking。 49．In our neighborhood, everyone ________ (have) different skills. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：在我们小区里，每个人都有不同的技能。句子主语为不定代词everyone，在句中作主语时视为单数。语境为客观事实，用一般现在时。根据主谓一致规则，主语为单数时谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，动词have的第三人称单数形式为has。 50．Three fifths of the land in our hometown ________ (be) covered with trees. You can come over on vacation in summer. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：我们家乡五分之三的土地被树木覆盖。夏天你可以来度假。分数/百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定。land为不可数名词，此句为一般现在时，故be动词用单数is。 三、阅读理解 （25-26九年级上·山东济宁·期末）Music plays a big role in our daily lives. It can change how we feel and make us happy, calm, or even energetic. A recent study found that people’s music choices often depend on their moods. When feeling stressed, most people prefer smooth music. For example, classical music by composers like Mozart or Beethoven helps lower heart rate and reduce anxiety. “I listen to piano music every night after work,” said Lisa, a 32-year-old teacher. “It makes me forget the day’s tiredness and helps me sleep better.” On the other hand, when people want to stay active, they often choose upbeat music. Pop or rock music with fast rhythms works well for this. Students often listen to such music while doing homework or exercising. “I put on my favorite pop songs when I need to finish a tough project,” said Tom, a high school student. “The music keeps me focused and motivated.” However, some people stick to one type of music no matter their mood. “I love jazz more than any other music,” said Mike, a college student. “Even when I’m sad, jazz makes me feel better because it has such rich and deep sounds.” The study also showed that music not only affects our mood but also connects people. Sharing favorite songs with friends or family can bring them closer. So next time you’re in a certain mood, try picking a song that fits—it might just make your day better! 1．Why does Lisa listen to piano music every night? A．It helps her stay active and energetic. B．It makes her forget tiredness and sleep better. C．It keeps her focused on her work. D．It reminds her of her friends and family. 2．What does the underlined word “upbeat” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Slow and calm. B．Fast and cheerful. C．Sad and moving. D．Quiet and soft. 3．Which of the following can be inferred (推断) from the passage? A．Jazz music is only popular among college students. B．Music has no effect on people who stick to one music type. C．Sharing music can help improve relationships. D．Upbeat music is not suitable for people who are sad. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Different people like different kinds of music. B．Music can influence people’s moods and bring people together. C．Classical music is the best choice for people who are stressed. D．Students should listen to music while doing homework. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍音乐在日常生活中的重要作用，研究表明人们会根据情绪选择不同曲风的音乐，舒缓音乐缓解压力，快节奏音乐让人充满活力，同时音乐还能拉近人与人之间的距离。 1．根据第二段Lisa所说的话“It makes me forget the day's tiredness and helps me sleep better.”可知，她每晚听钢琴音乐的原因是为了放松和助眠。 2．根据第三段上下文“when people want to stay active... Pop or rock music with fast rhythms works well for this.”可知，“upbeat”音乐与活跃、快节奏相关，意为“欢快且节奏快的”。 3．根据最后一段“Sharing favorite songs with friends or family can bring them closer.”可推断，分享音乐有助于改善人际关系。 4．文章前四段主要讲述了音乐对不同人情绪的影响（如放松、活跃、振作），最后一段提到音乐能连接人们（bring them closer）。选项B“音乐可以影响人们的情绪并把人们联系在一起”最能概括全文主旨。 （2026·宁夏银川·二模）On April 26, 2026, the London Marathon (马拉松) made great world sports history. Kenyan (肯尼亚) runner Sebastian Sawe won the men’s race. He finished the marathon in 1 hour and 59 minutes. He became the first runner to finish a full (全程的) marathon in less than two hours in official games. He ran 65 seconds faster than the old world record. It surprised sports fans and experts around. The 30-year-old runner comes from the countryside of Kenya. When he was young, he joined school running races. Later he began professional training. He kept strict everyday training and never gave up when he met troubles. With lots of practice and strong spirit, he became better and better at running. His quiet and steady running way is famous worldwide. People call him the “Silent Assassin (刺客)” in running. The marathon was very competitive. Ethiopian (埃塞俄比亚的) runner Yomif Kejelcha ran nearly with Sawe all the way. He finished second, also under two hours. Jacob Kiplimo from Uganda (乌干达) got third. His time was also better than the old world record. After the race, Sawe talked about his feelings. He said he kept healthy and strong in the final part. He felt very proud of this great record. This special moment opens a new page in marathon history. People once thought finishing a marathon in less than two hours was impossible. Now the hard limit is broken. It tells people that hard work can help humans go past their physical limits. 1．How long did Sebastian Sawe spend finishing the London Marathon? A．Less than one hour. B．One hour and fifty-nine minutes. C．Two hours exactly. D．Two hours and thirty seconds. 2．What can we learn about Sabastian Sawe from Paragraph 2? A．He gave up training when he had difficulties. B．He started running in professional camps as a little kid. C．He improved his running ability through hard practice. D．He lived in big cities of Kenya all his life. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．No one can break physical limits forever. B．Continuous (持续的) hard work helps people achieve great things. C．The marathon record will never be broken again. D．All runners can finish a marathon under two hours easily. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Famous Marathon Runners in Africa B．Different Rules of World Marathon C．How to Become a Good Marathon Runner D．A Great New Record in London Marathon 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍2026年伦敦马拉松中，肯尼亚选手萨维打破全程马拉松跑进两小时的极限，创造全新纪录，说明努力可突破人体极限。 1．根据第一段“He finished the marathon in 1 hour and 59 minutes.”可知，他花费的时间是1小时59分钟。 2．原文第二段“He kept strict everyday training and never gave up when he met troubles. With lots of practice and strong spirit, he became better and better at running.”，通过刻苦训练提升跑步能力。 3．根据最后一段“It tells people that hard work can help humans go past their physical limits.”可知，持续不懈的努力能让人突破身体极限、取得了不起的成就。 4．通读全文可知，文章核心围绕伦敦马拉松诞生全新世界纪录展开，介绍纪录创造者、比赛过程与背后意义。D项“伦敦马拉松的一项伟大新纪录”最能概括文章中心。 四、语法填空 （25-26九年级上·山东青岛·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The famous song, Mo Li Hua (Jasmine Flower) is a Chinese folk song from Jiangsu Province. It was one of the first Chinese folk 1 (song) to be liked by people outside China. The popular song describes 2 custom of giving jasmine flowers. The song made its first appearance in the 3 (eighteen) century. It was created during the Qianlong period (1735-1796). 4 (Gradual) it became more and more popular. In 1896, the song was used as the national anthem (国歌) of Qing Dynasty in Europe. And it was played on the days 5 Hong Kong (1997) and Macau (1999) came back to China. An adaptation (改编) by Tan Dun and Wang Hesheng was played during the medal ceremonies at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. In 2018, Mo Li Hua 6 (sing) in Chinese by the King’s College choir (合唱团) in Cambridge University. Wang Yaping played a part of the popular music on Shenzhou-13 to celebrate the Lantern Festival 7 the evening of February 15, 2022. The song 8 (express) sincere and simple feelings of the Chinese people. People describe the music as “heart-touching”. It is such a beautiful song that it almost stands for China abroad. This melody is a 9 (culture) gift from the Chinese people to the world. With music, friendship is our message around the world, 10 (try) to achieve worldwide understanding. 【答案】 1．songs 2．the 3．eighteenth 4．Gradually 5．when 6．was sung 7．on 8．expresses 9．cultural 10．trying 【导语】本文介绍民歌《茉莉花》的起源、发展历程，讲述它在国内外各类重大场合的亮相，传递音乐承载中外友谊、促进世界理解的主旨。 1．句意：著名歌曲《茉莉花》是江苏民间歌曲，它是最早一批受到海外民众喜爱的中国民间歌曲之一。该处需一个名词，在句中作表语；短语“one of the first”提示语义与“众多事物中的一类”相关；语法线索“one of+可数名词复数”要求使用名词复数形式，song表示“歌曲”，复数变形为songs，故填songs。 2．句意：这首广为流传的歌曲描绘了赠送茉莉花的习俗。该处需一个定冠词，在句中修饰名词custom；后文“of giving jasmine flowers”限定了习俗的具体内容，提示语义与“特指某一习俗”相关；语法线索“the+被后置定语限定的单数可数名词”要求使用定冠词the，故填the。 3．句意：这首歌曲最早出现于十八世纪，创作于乾隆年间（1735-1796）。该处需一个序数词，在句中修饰名词century；数字eighteen提示语义与“第十八”相关；固定搭配“the+序数词+century”表示“第几世纪”，要求使用eighteen的序数词形式eighteenth，故填eighteenth。 4．句意：渐渐地，它变得越来越受欢迎。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语修饰整句话；后文描述歌曲逐步走红的过程，提示语义与“逐渐地”相关；括号给出单词Gradual表示“逐渐的”，形容词作状语需变形为副词Gradually，句首首字母要大写。 5．句意：并且在1997年香港回归、1999年澳门回归的日子里，这首曲子都被奏响。该处需一个连词，引导定语从句修饰先行词days；先行词days表示时间，提示语义与“在……的时候”相关；语法线索先行词为时间名词、从句不缺主干成分，要求使用关系副词when。 6．句意：2018年，剑桥大学国王学院合唱团用中文演唱了《茉莉花》。该处需动词的被动形式，在句中作谓语；时间词In 2018提示语义与“过去发生的演唱行为”相关；主语Mo Li Hua和sing是被动关系，一般过去时被动语态结构为was/were + 动词过去分词，歌曲为单数，sing的过去分词为sung，故填was sung。 7．句意：王亚平在神舟十三号飞船演奏了这首名曲片段，庆祝2022年2月15日晚间的元宵节。该处需一个介词，在句中搭配时间状语；后文“the evening of February 15, 2022”是具体某一天的早中晚，提示语义与“在具体某天夜晚”相关；固定搭配on + 具体日期的早/中/晚，要求使用介词on。 8．句意：这首歌曲表达了中国人民真挚朴素的情感。该处需动词一般现在时形式，在句中作谓语；后文整体为客观介绍歌曲内涵，提示语义与“表达、传递”相关；主语the song为单数名词，一般现在时谓语动词需用三单形式，express表示“表达”，三单变形为expresses。 9．句意：这段旋律是中国人民送给世界的一份文化礼物。该处需一个形容词，在句中修饰名词gift；括号单词culture提示语义与“文化的”相关；名词修饰名词前需转换为形容词，culture的形容词形式为cultural，故填cultural。 10．句意：音乐是我们传递到世界各地的友谊讯号，力求达成全世界的相互理解。该处需现在分词，在句中作伴随状语；前半句主句结构完整，后半句用来补充说明音乐承载友谊的目的，提示语义与“努力、力求”相关；主句已有谓语is，不能再使用谓语动词，try表示“努力”，需变形为现在分词trying作伴随状语，故填trying。 （25-26九年级上·湖南衡阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不超过三个单词) Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts of the world. It 1 (have) a history of over a century. The 2 (invent) of basketball, James Naismith, came 3 Canada. He invented basketball for his students in 1891. At first, basketball was an indoor game so that it could be 4 (play) in winter. Basketball soon became very popular. In 1946, the National Basketball Association (NBA) came into being. There were many great basketball 5 (star) in the NBA．For many years they were all Americans. 6 now many good players come from other countries. Basketball is both an indoor 7 outdoor game. It is a team sport with two teams of five players each. The goal is to throw the ball through the other 8 (team) basket, and to stop the other team from doing so. You can throw it from any part of the court with one hand or both hands. You can also pass the ball to your teammates. But you must follow the rules. For example, you can’t hold the ball and run with it. To win basketball games, you should have 9 (well) skills. But it is more important for you and the other players to play as a team. You are sure to enjoy 10 (play) this popular sport. 【答案】 1．has 2．inventor 3．from 4．played 5．stars 6．But 7．and 8．team’s 9．good 10．playing 【导语】本文介绍了篮球运动的历史、发明者、NBA的诞生以及篮球的比赛规则和团队合作的重要性。 1．句意：它有一个多世纪的历史。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语“It”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式has。 2．句意：篮球的发明者詹姆斯·奈史密斯来自加拿大。根据后半句人名James Naismith可知，此处指人，即“发明者”。invent的名词形式指人为inventor。 3．句意：篮球的发明者詹姆斯·奈史密斯来自加拿大。“come from”是固定搭配，意为“来自”，需用介词“from”。 4．句意：起初，篮球是一项室内运动，以便可以在冬天进行。主语“it”与谓语动词“play”之间为被动关系，且位于情态动词“could be”后，需用过去分词“played”。 5．句意：NBA有许多伟大的篮球明星。“many”后需接可数名词复数形式，“star”的复数形式为“stars”。 6．句意：但现在许多优秀球员来自其他国家。前句说过去都是美国人，后句说现在有外国球员，前后为转折关系，需用转折连词“But”，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：篮球既是一项室内运动，也是一项室外运动。“both...and...”是固定结构，需用连词“and”。 8．句意：目标是将球投进对方球队的篮筐。此处修饰名词basket，需用名词所有格形式，表示“对方的（球队的）”。team的所有格为team’s。 9．句意：你应该有好的技能。此处表示“好的技能”，需用形容词原级“good”作定语修饰“skills”。 10．句意：你一定喜欢玩这项流行的运动。“enjoy doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，需接动名词“playing”。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $