Unit 4 Country life（知识清单）鲁科版五四制五年级上册（新教材）

Unit 4 Country life 知 识 归 纳 语音语调 1. 语音重点：字母组合 th 两种发音（本课专项语音板块） /ð/ 浊辅音（声带震动） 发音规则：单词在代词、限定词、亲属名词中读 /ð/ 例词：these /ðiːz/，those /ðəʊz/，this，that，brother，the 句子例：I like these clothes here but not those there. /θ/ 清辅音（轻咬舌尖，不震动） 发音规则：数词、序数词读 /θ/ 例词：thirteenth /ˌθɜːˈtiːnθ/，third /θɜːd/，three，month 句子例：My brother’s thirteenth birthday is on the third of this month. 2. 朗读语调规则 There be 陈述句：句末降调 There is a river near the village. ↘ 一般疑问句 Is there…? / Are there…?：句末升调 Is there an orchard in the village? ↗ Are there any potatoes? ↗ 并列列举名词：前面并列词升调，最后一个名词降调 There are cucumbers ↗, tomatoes ↗ and potatoes ↘. 现在进行时陈述句：描述画面动作，平缓降调 He is picking apples. ↘ 必记单词 场景 1：乡村环境类 country 乡村；village 村庄；river 河；near 在…… 附近；house 房子；tree 树；flower 花；field 田地；ground 土地；orchard 果园；park 公园 场景 2：动植物 / 农作物类 duck 鸭子；cow 奶牛；fish 鱼；cucumber 黄瓜；tomato 西红柿；potato 土豆；cabbage 卷心菜；onion 洋葱；green beans 豆角 场景 3：人物身份类 cousin 堂 / 表兄弟姐妹；grader … 年级学生；fourth 第四；grandparent 祖父母；farmer 农民 场景 4：动作动词类 catch 抓、捉；pick 采摘；feed 喂养；dig 挖掘；ride 骑；milk 挤奶；sell 售卖 场景 5：形容词 / 限定词 interesting 有趣的；any 一些；lots of 许多；like 像；fresh 新鲜的；lazy 懒惰的 常考短语 lots of = a lot of 许多（后接可数单复数 / 不可数名词）；lots of trees 许多树；lots of fish 许多鱼；near the village 在村庄附近；in the river 在河里；go fishing 去钓鱼；catch fish 抓鱼；in the vegetable garden 在菜园里；under the ground 在地下；a fourth grader 一名四年级学生；by school bus 乘坐校车；after school 放学后；feed the cows 喂奶牛；at weekends 在周末；fruit trees 果树；pick apples 摘苹果；science classes 科学课；ride horses 骑马；milk cows 挤牛奶；fresh vegetables 新鲜蔬菜；different kinds of 不同种类的；dig in the field 在田里挖掘 必会句型 模块 1：There be 陈述句（描述村庄有某物） There is + 单数名词 + 地点.（某地有单数事物） There is a river near the village. 村庄旁有一条小河。 There is a big apple tree. 有一棵大苹果树。 There are + 复数名词 + 地点.（某地有复数事物） There are lots of fish in the river. 河里有很多鱼。 There are many ducks in the river. 河里有许多鸭子。 There are some vegetable gardens. 这里有一些菜园。 模块 2：There be 一般疑问句（问答有无） 单数提问：Is there a/an + 单数事物 + 地点？ Is there an orchard in the village? 村子里有果园吗？ Yes, there is. 是的，有。 / No, there isn’t. 不，没有。 复数提问：Are there any + 复数事物 + 地点？（疑问句用 any，不用 some） Are there any potatoes? 有土豆吗？ Yes, there are. 是的，有。 / No, there aren’t. 不，没有。 模块 3：现在进行时（描述人物正在做的事） 问句：What are they doing? 他们正在做什么？ 答句：They are catching fish. 他们正在抓鱼。 主语单数：He is picking apples. 他正在摘苹果。 模块 4：描述乡村生活、人物日常（一般现在时） He lives in the country. 他住在乡下。 He goes to school by school bus. 他坐校车上学。 Sometimes he has science classes in the fields. 他有时候在田地里上科学课。 After school, he often helps his parents feed the cows. 放学后，他经常帮父母喂奶牛。 At weekends, he usually goes to his father’s orchard. 周末他通常去爸爸的果园。 核心语法 语法 1：There be 句型（单元核心，重中之重） 1. 核心规则：就近原则 be 动词单复数由紧跟其后的第一个名词决定 单数 / 不可数名词 → There is There is a house near the river. 复数名词 → There are There are many trees in the village. 2. some 和 any 用法区分（必考） some：用于肯定句，修饰复数名词 There are some ducks in the river. any：用于否定句、一般疑问句 Are there any cucumbers? There aren’t any cabbages. 3. 句式变形 肯定句：There is a park. 一般疑问：Is there a park? 肯答 Yes, there is. 否答 No, there isn’t. 肯定句：There are tomatoes. 一般疑问：Are there any tomatoes? 肯答 Yes, there are. 否答 No, there aren’t. 语法 2：现在进行时（询问、描述正在发生的动作） 1. 结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing 主语单数 he/she/it/ 人名 → is + doing He is picking apples. 主语复数 they / 多人 → are + doing They are catching fish. 2. 问答模板 — What are + 主语 + doing? — 主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing. 语法 3：一般现在时（描述长期、习惯性乡村日常） 1. 动词三单规则（主语为第三人称单数 he/she/ 人名） 主语是 he/Gou Liang 等单数，动词加 - s/es live → lives；go → goes；have → has；help → helps；pick → picks 例句： Guo Liang lives in the country. He goes to school by bus. He often helps his parents feed cows. 2. 频度副词位置：often /usually 放在实义动词前 He often picks fruits. He usually goes to the orchard at weekends. 考 点 速 记 考点 01 There be 句型 1. 就近原则（核心） there be 句型中 be 动词（is/are）的单复数，只看紧跟在 be 后面的第一个名词： 后面是可数单数名词 / 不可数名词 → 用 There is 例：There is a house near the river. 河边有一座房子。 后面是可数复数名词 → 用 There are 例：There are many trees in the village. 村子里有很多树。 补充就近例句：There is a pen and two books on the desk.（第一个名词 a pen 单数，用 is） 2. some & any 必考区分 some：只用在肯定句，修饰可数复数名词 例：There are some ducks in the river. 河里有一些鸭子。 any：只用在否定句、一般疑问句 疑问例句：Are there any cucumbers? 有黄瓜吗？ 否定例句：There aren’t any cabbages. 没有卷心菜。 3. 句式变形（单数 / 复数两套问答模板） 单数模板 肯定句：There is a park. 有一座公园。 一般疑问句：Is there a park? 肯定回答：Yes, there is. 否定回答：No, there isn’t. 复数模板 肯定句：There are some tomatoes. 有一些西红柿。 一般疑问句：Are there any tomatoes? 肯定回答：Yes, there are. 否定回答：No, there aren’t. 提分练 一、单项选择 ( )1.______ a dog under the tree. A. There are B. There is C. There ( )2.There ______ three sheep on the farm. A. is B. are C. am ( )3.There isn’t ______ apples in the box. A. some B. any C. a ( )4.—______ there a river in your village? —Yes, there ______. A. Is; is B. Are; are C. Is; are ( )5.There ______ an orange and five bananas on the table. A. is B. are C. have 二、句型转换（按要求改写句子） 1.There is a small garden behind the house.（改为一般疑问句并做否定回答） 2.There are some flowers in front of the building.（改为否定句） 3.Are there any potatoes on the table?（改为肯定句） 4.There are many birds in the sky.（改为单数句） 5.There is a big lake near the village.（改为复数句） 考点 02 现在进行时 1. 基础结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing（表示此刻正在做的动作） be 动词匹配规则： 主语单数（he/she/it/ 人名 / 单个人物）→ be 动词用 is + doing 例：He is picking apples. 他正在摘苹果。 主语复数（they / 多人 / 多个主体）→ be 动词用 are + doing 例：They are catching fish. 他们正在抓鱼。 补充：主语 I → am doing；主语 you → are doing 2. 标准问答模板（提问正在做什么） 问句：What are + 主语 + doing? 某人正在做什么？ 答句：主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing. 某人正在…… 例句： —What are they doing? 他们在干什么？ —They are watering vegetables. 他们正在浇菜。 提分练 一、单项选择 ( )1.Look! The girl ______ oranges. A. pick B. picks C. is picking ( )2.My parents ______ feeding cows now. A. are B. is C. am ( )3.—What ______ he doing? —He ______ fishing. A. is; is B. are; are C. am; am ( )4.They ______ not catching butterflies. A. is B. are C. am ( )5.I ______ watering the trees in the garden. A. am B. is C. are 二、根据中文提示改写句子 1.她正在菜园里摘西红柿。（翻译为英文现在进行时） 2.They are planting trees.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） 3.The boy is feeding ducks.（对划线部分提问） 4.他们正在河里抓鱼。（改为否定句） 5.We are picking peaches.（改为单数句，主语改为 She） 考点 03 一般现在时（描述长期、习惯性乡村日常） 1. 动词三单规则（必考） 当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/ 人名 / 单个动物 / 单数物品），后面实义动词要变形，加 - s /-es： 变形规则示例： 一般动词直接 + s：help → helps；pick → picks 以 o/s/x/ch/sh 结尾 + es：go → goes；watch → watches 特殊不规则变化：have → has 例句： Guo Liang lives in the country. 郭亮住在乡下。 He goes to school by bus. 他坐公交上学。 He often helps his parents feed cows. 他经常帮父母喂牛。 2. 频度副词位置（often /usually） 频度副词必须放在实义动词前面，be 动词后面 例 1：He often picks fruits. often 在实义动词 picks 前 例 2：He usually goes to the orchard at weekends. usually 在 goes 前 提分练 一、单项选择 ( )1.My father often ______ apples on the farm. A. pick B. picks C. picking ( )2.Guo Liang ______ to the village every Sunday. A. go B. goes C. going ( )3.She ______ a small garden in her yard. A. have B. has C. having ( )4.They usually ______ cows after school. A. feed B. feeds C. feeding ( )5.He ______ not live in the city. A. do B. does C. is 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1.Tom often ________ (help) his grandpa water trees. 2.My mother ________ (go) to the orchard every weekend. 3.Birds ________ (live) in the trees. 4.She ________ (pick) vegetables every morning. 5.He ________ (have) many ducks on his farm. 参考答案 考点1： 一、单选 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.A 二、句型转换 1.—Is there a small garden behind the house? —No, there isn’t. 2.There aren’t any flowers in front of the building. 3.There are some potatoes on the table. 4.There is a bird in the sky. 5.There are some big lakes near the village. 考点2： 一、单选 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.A 二、写句子 1.She is picking tomatoes in the vegetable garden. 2.—Are they planting trees? —No, they aren’t. 3.What is the boy doing? 4.They are not catching fish in the river. 5.She is picking peaches. 考点3： 一、单选 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 二、动词填空 1.helps 2. goes 3. live 4. picks 5. has 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $