内容正文:
专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案(译林版2019)
高考高频知识点:access / device / commerce / deliver / majority /
instant / comment / aware / reveal / request / remove / technical
(知识点来源:必修第三册 Unit 3 · The world online + 高考高频知识点)
学校:____________________ 姓名:____________________ 班级:__________ 座号:__________
目录
Part 1 语境串记语篇 1
【英文语篇】 1
【中文译文】 1
Part 2 知识点列表 1
Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2
Part 4 词性变化总表 8
Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9
【练习题】 9
Part 6 知识点默写:根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10
【练习题】 10
Part 7 关联阅读 10
Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 12
Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 13
Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 13
Part 1 语境串记语篇
【英文语篇】
Today almost everyone can get online in a second. With a mobile phone or any other small device, we can access the whole world without leaving home. Online commerce has changed daily life, and shops deliver goods to our door within a day. The majority of young people also send an instant message or leave a comment on a friend's photo before they go to bed.
But the world online also has a darker side. Few of us are aware of how much private information we reveal every day. Teachers and parents request that websites should remove harmful posts at once, and technical teams work day and night to keep the net clean and safe for everybody.
【中文译文】
如今几乎人人都能在一秒之内上网。只要有一部手机或任何别的小巧(device)设备,我们不出家门就能(access)接入整个世界。网络(commerce)商务改变了日常生活,商家一天之内就能把商品(deliver)送到我们家门口。(majority)大多数年轻人还会在睡前发一条(instant)即时消息,或者在朋友的照片下留一句(comment)评论。
但网络世界也有阴暗的一面。我们当中很少有人(aware)意识到自己每天(reveal)泄露了多少隐私信息。老师和家长(request)要求网站立刻(remove)删除有害帖子,(technical)技术团队也日夜工作,为所有人守护一个干净安全的网络。
💡 语境串联记忆线索:小小设备→接入世界→网络商务→送货上门→多数青年→即时消息→随手评论→意识风险→泄露隐私→要求整改→删除有害→技术护航
记忆链:device → access → commerce → deliver → majority → instant → comment → aware → reveal → request → remove → technical
Part 2 知识点列表
序号
知识点
音标
词性 + 释义 + 高考考点
1
access
/ˈækses/
n. 通道;使用权 vt. 进入;访问 ⚡考点:have access to(有…的使用权,to为介词);gain/get access to;accessible adj. 可进入的(be accessible to);accessibility n. 可及性
2
device
/dɪˈvaɪs/
n. 装置;设备;手段 ⚡考点:an electronic/a mobile device;a labour-saving device;devise v. 设计;发明(形近易混);leave sb. to their own devices 任其自便
3
commerce
/ˈkɒmɜːs/
n. 商业;贸易 ⚡考点:e-commerce 电子商务;the Chamber of Commerce 商会;commercial adj. 商业的 n. 广告;commercially adv. 商业上
4
deliver
/dɪˈlɪvə(r)/
vt. 递送;发表;兑现 ⚡考点:deliver sth. to sb.;deliver a speech 发表演讲;delivery n. 递送(take delivery of);deliver on a promise 兑现承诺
5
majority
/məˈdʒɒrəti/
n. 大多数;多数票 ⚡考点:the majority of + 复数名词(谓语用复数);in the majority 占多数;a majority of;major adj. 主要的 v. 主修(major in)
6
instant
/ˈɪnstənt/
adj. 立即的;速食的 n. 瞬间 ⚡考点:instant messaging 即时通信;instant coffee 速溶咖啡;the instant (that) 一…就…(引导时间状语从句);instantly adv. 立刻
7
comment
/ˈkɒment/
n./v. 评论;议论 ⚡考点:make a comment on;comment on/upon sth.;No comment. 无可奉告;commentary n. 实况解说;commentator n. 评论员
8
aware
/əˈweə(r)/
adj. 意识到的;知道的 ⚡考点:be aware of sth.;be aware that从句;as far as I am aware 据我所知;awareness n. 意识(raise awareness of 提高…意识)
9
reveal
/rɪˈviːl/
vt. 揭露;显示;展现 ⚡考点:reveal that从句;reveal sth. to sb.;revelation n. 揭露;revealing adj. 揭示真相的;辨析 reveal / expose / uncover
10
request
/rɪˈkwest/
n./vt. 请求;要求 ⚡考点:request sth. from sb.;request that sb. (should) do(虚拟语气);at sb.'s request 应某人之请;make a request for
11
remove
/rɪˈmuːv/
vt. 移开;去除;脱下 ⚡考点:remove sth. from sth.;remove one's coat 脱下外套;removal n. 去除;搬迁;be removed from office 被免职
12
technical
/ˈteknɪkl/
adj. 技术的;专业的 ⚡考点:technical support/terms/problems;technically adv. 严格来说;technique n. 技巧;technology n. 科技;technician n. 技术员
Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点
1. access /ˈækses/ n. 通道;机会;使用权 vt. 进入;访问;获取
【核心考点】 access是网络与信息话题的第一高频词,语法填空、阅读理解、书面表达三线通吃。作名词时最核心的搭配是have/gain/get access to sth.(有权使用;能够接近),其中to是介词,后接名词或动名词,这是高考经典易错点;另有give sb. access to(让某人得以使用)。作及物动词时access sth.(进入;登录;调取),后面直接跟宾语,不加to,如access the Internet/a website/one's account。形容词accessible adj.(可进入的;可获取的;易理解的)→ be accessible to sb.;名词accessibility n.(可及性;无障碍程度)。辨析:access(接近或使用的机会与权利)vs entrance(具体的入口,可数)vs approach(接近的方法或途径)vs admission(准许进入的资格)。
【词根联想】 ac-(同化自ad-,"朝向,to")+ cess/ced(拉丁语cedere"走,go")→ 朝着某处走过去→ 通道;进入。联想:cess/ced/ceed"走"→ process(过程→向前走)、proceed(继续进行)、succeed(成功→接着走上去)、exceed(超过→走出界)、recession(衰退→往回走)、access(走近→通道;使用权)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:access vt. 访问;读取(计算机数据)。在信息技术类语篇中access常作及物动词直接带宾语,表示登录系统或调取数据,如You can access the file from any computer(你可以在任何一台电脑上读取这个文件)、access the database(访问数据库)。注意此时其后绝不能再加to,与名词用法have access to形成鲜明对照。
【真题原句】
(2021·全国甲卷·语法填空·西安城墙游记·access作动词"进入")"We accessed the wall through the South Gate."(我们从南门登上了城墙。)(真题原句·access 进入;到达)
【搭配词块】 have access to 有…的使用权 / gain access to 得以进入 / accessible adj. 可进入的 / access the Internet 上网
2. device /dɪˈvaɪs/ n. 装置;设备;仪器;手段;策略
【核心考点】 device是数字生活语篇的标志性名词,可数,复数devices。常见搭配an electronic device(电子设备)、a mobile device(移动设备)、a safety device(安全装置)、a labour-saving device(省力装置)。高考最爱考的形近易混是动词devise v.(设计;发明;想出),二者读音也不同:device /dɪˈvaɪs/为名词,devise /dɪˈvaɪz/为动词,可用"名词s发/s/,动词s发/z/"来记忆,同类还有advice/advise、practice/practise。习语leave sb. to their own devices(听任某人自行其是)。辨析:device(为某一具体用途设计的小型装置)vs equipment(设备总称,不可数)vs instrument(精密仪器或乐器)vs machine(由动力驱动的机器)。
【词根联想】 de-(分开,apart)+ vis/vid(拉丁语videre"看;分开看")→ 把事物分开来端详、构思→ 想出的巧妙办法→ 装置;手段。联想:vis/vid"看"→ vision(视力)、visible(可见的)、supervise(监督→在上面看)、evident(明显的)、divide(分开)、devise(构思→分开细看)、device(构思出的东西→装置)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:device n. 手段;策略;修辞手法。熟义"设备"之外,device可指为达到目的而采用的巧妙手段,如a device to attract attention(吸引注意的手段);在文学评论类阅读中还常指"表现手法",如a literary device(文学手法)、a rhetorical device(修辞手段)。
【真题原句】
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读C·数字极简主义·device表"电子设备")"...the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use."(……以及培养高质量休闲以取代如今多数人耗费在无意识使用电子设备上的时间的必要性。)(真题原句·device 设备)
【搭配词块】 an electronic device 电子设备 / a mobile device 移动设备 / devise v. 设计;发明 / a safety device 安全装置
3. commerce /ˈkɒmɜːs/ n. 商业;贸易;商务
【核心考点】 commerce为不可数名词,指大规模的商品买卖活动,本单元核心复合词e-commerce(电子商务)正是由它构成,网购话题读写必备。常见搭配foreign/international commerce(对外/国际贸易)、the Chamber of Commerce(商会)、the Ministry of Commerce(商务部)。派生词commercial adj.(商业的;以营利为目的的)n.(电视或广播广告)→ a commercial success(商业上的成功)、a TV commercial(电视广告);commercially adv.(在商业上)→ commercially available(有市售的);commercialize v.(使商业化)。辨析:commerce(宏观意义上的商业活动,正式)vs trade(贸易,可指具体行业,如the tourist trade)vs business(生意;公司,最口语化)vs deal(一笔交易)。
【词根联想】 com-(共同,together)+ merc(拉丁语merx"商品;货物")+ -e → 大家一起交换货物→ 商业。联想:merc"商品;交易"→ merchant(商人)、merchandise(商品)、market(市场)、mercy(怜悯→原指商人给的酬报)、commercial(商业的)、commerce(商业)。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"E-commerce has completely changed the way ordinary people buy and sell goods."(电子商务彻底改变了普通人买卖商品的方式。)(经典原句·commerce 商业)
【搭配词块】 e-commerce 电子商务 / the Chamber of Commerce 商会 / commercial adj. 商业的 / foreign commerce 对外贸易
4. deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt./vi. 递送;发表;接生;兑现(承诺)
【核心考点】 deliver是网购与演讲两大话题的共用高频动词。最基础的义项是"投递",deliver sth. to sb./sp.(把某物送到某人处/某地),如deliver the goods to your door(送货上门);名词delivery n.(递送;分娩)→ free delivery(免费配送)、take delivery of(收货)、a delivery man(送货员)。第二个高频义项是"发表",deliver a speech/a lecture/a talk(发表演讲/讲座/谈话),是书面表达中替换give a speech的高级说法。第三个义项deliver on a promise(履行诺言)在议论文中很出彩。辨析:deliver(把东西送到指定地点,强调完成投递)vs send(发出,不强调是否送达)vs transport(长途运输大宗货物)vs distribute(分发给多人)。
【词根联想】 de-(离开,away)+ liber(拉丁语liberare"使自由,释放")→ 把东西从手中释放出去交给别人→ 投递;把话语释放出来→ 发表。联想:liber"自由"→ liberty(自由)、liberal(开明的)、liberate(解放)、deliver(放手交出→递送;发表)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:deliver vt. 发表(演讲);宣布(判决);接生。熟义"递送"之外,deliver a speech(发表演讲)在高考书面表达与听力中反复出现;deliver a baby(接生)在医疗类语篇中出现;deliver a verdict(宣布裁决)见于法律类文本。这一"把内容交付出去"的引申义是高考熟词生义常考点。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"The online shop promised to deliver the parcel to my door within twenty-four hours."(这家网店承诺二十四小时内把包裹送到我家门口。)(经典原句·deliver 递送)
【搭配词块】 deliver sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 / deliver a speech 发表演讲 / delivery n. 递送 / deliver on a promise 兑现承诺
5. majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大多数;大部分;多数票
【核心考点】 majority是数据说明与调查报告类语篇的必备名词,也是主谓一致的经典考点。the majority of + 可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数,如The majority of students prefer online lessons;the majority单独作主语时,看语境可用单数(作整体)或复数(作个体)。另有in the majority(占多数)、an overwhelming majority(压倒性多数)、by a majority of ten votes(以十票的多数)。派生词major adj.(主要的;重大的)vi.(主修,major in);反义词minority n.(少数;少数民族)→ be in the minority。辨析:majority(可数名词的大多数)vs most(后接名词或of,最通用)vs most of(后接特指名词)vs the bulk of(大部分,多接不可数名词)。
【词根联想】 拉丁语major"更大的"(magnus"大"的比较级)+ -ity(名词后缀)→ 更大的那一部分→ 大多数。联想:maj/magn"大"→ major(主要的)、majesty(威严)、magnify(放大)、magnificent(壮丽的)、master(主人)、majority(大多数);对应min"小"→ minor、minority。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:majority n. 多数票;胜出的票数。熟义"大多数"之外,在选举与议会类语篇中majority特指赢得的票数差额,如win by a large majority(以巨大优势获胜)、a majority of 300 votes(三百票的多数)。此外,形容词性用法a majority decision指"多数人的决定"。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"The majority of the students in our class read the news on their phones every morning."(我们班的大多数学生每天早上都在手机上看新闻。)(经典原句·majority 大多数)
【搭配词块】 the majority of 大多数的 / in the majority 占多数 / major adj. 主要的 / minority n. 少数
6. instant /ˈɪnstənt/ adj. 立即的;速食的 n. 瞬间;片刻
【核心考点】 instant在网络话题中最典型的搭配是instant messaging(即时通信)与an instant message(一条即时消息),是本单元的标志性表达。作形容词还可表"速食的",如instant coffee/noodles(速溶咖啡/方便面);作名词表"瞬间",in an instant(转瞬之间)、for an instant(片刻)、the instant (that) + 从句(一…就…,等于as soon as,引导时间状语从句,主将从现)。副词instantly adv.(立即)同样可作连词引导时间状语从句。名词instance n.(例子)→ for instance(例如)。辨析:instant(强调毫无延迟,多作定语)vs immediate(立即的,也表"直接的",如the immediate cause)vs prompt(迅速及时的,多形容人的反应)vs sudden(突然的,强调出乎意料)。
【词根联想】 in-(在…之上,upon)+ stant/sta(拉丁语stare"站立,stand")→ 就站在眼前的这一刻→ 瞬间;立即的。联想:st/sta"站"→ stand(站立)、stable(稳定的)、constant(不断的→一直站着)、distant(遥远的→站得开)、circumstance(环境→周围站着的事物)、instant(当下→立即的)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:instant n. 瞬间;片刻;conj. 一…就…。熟义形容词"立即的"之外,instant作名词表极短的时间,in an instant(顷刻之间);the instant还可直接用作连词,如The instant he saw the message, he replied(他一看到消息就回复了),这一用法在高考语法填空与写作中很实用。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"Instant messaging makes it possible for us to talk with friends thousands of miles away."(即时通信让我们能够和千里之外的朋友聊天。)(经典原句·instant 即时的)
【搭配词块】 instant messaging 即时通信 / instant coffee 速溶咖啡 / in an instant 转瞬之间 / the instant 一…就…
7. comment /ˈkɒment/ n. 评论;议论;意见 v. 评论;发表意见
【核心考点】 comment是社交媒体语篇与观点类写作的核心词,名词动词同形。作名词时make a comment on/about sth.(对…作出评论)、leave a comment(留言,网络语境高频)、No comment.(无可奉告,新闻发布会常用语)。作动词时comment on/upon sth.(对…发表评论),介词on不可省;也可接that从句,如He commented that the design was clever。派生词commentary n.(现场解说;评注)→ a running commentary(实况解说);commentator n.(评论员;解说员)。辨析:comment(对人或事发表看法,最通用)vs remark(随口说出的评论,较随意)vs observation(经观察后得出的见解,较正式)vs criticism(批评意见,多含否定色彩)。
【词根联想】 com-(加强语气)+ ment(拉丁语mens/mentis"心智,mind")→ 把心里想的说出来→ 评论。联想:ment"心智"→ mental(心理的)、mention(提及)、memory(记忆)、comment(说出心中所想→评论)、commentary(解说词)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:comment n. 议论;话柄。除"评论"外,comment还可表引发议论的"话题、话柄",如His absence caused a lot of comment(他的缺席引来众多议论),此时为不可数名词;固定回应语No comment.意为"无可奉告",是新闻类听力与阅读中的高频表达。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"Before you leave a comment online, think twice about how others may feel."(在网上留言之前,请三思他人可能作何感受。)(经典原句·comment 评论)
【搭配词块】 make a comment on 对…作出评论 / comment on 评论 / leave a comment 留言 / No comment. 无可奉告
8. aware /əˈweə(r)/ adj. 意识到的;知道的;有…意识的
【核心考点】 aware是表示认知状态的核心形容词,通常作表语,不作前置定语。三大搭配必须牢记:be aware of sth.(意识到某事,of后接名词或动名词)、be aware that + 从句(意识到…)、as far as I am aware(据我所知,写作插入语)。还可构成复合形容词,如environmentally aware(有环保意识的)、health-aware(有健康意识的)。名词awareness n.(意识;认识)→ raise/increase public awareness of(提高公众对…的意识),是环保与健康类书面表达的黄金短语;反义词unaware adj.(未觉察的)→ be unaware of。辨析:aware(知道某事存在,强调状态)vs conscious(有意识的,也指"清醒的")vs realize(动词,意识到,强调过程)vs know(知道,含义最广)。
【词根联想】 a-(加强语气)+ ware(古英语wær"警惕的;小心的")→ 保持警觉、留意到→ 意识到的。联想:ware/wary"警惕"→ wary(谨慎的)、beware(当心)、warn(警告)、guard(守卫)、aware(觉察到的)、unaware(未察觉的)。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"Many teenagers are not aware of the risks of sharing personal details online."(许多青少年并未意识到在网上分享个人信息的风险。)(经典原句·aware 意识到的)
【搭配词块】 be aware of 意识到 / be aware that 意识到… / awareness n. 意识 / raise awareness of 提高…的意识
9. reveal /rɪˈviːl/ vt. 揭露;泄露;显示;展现
【核心考点】 reveal是研究报告与新闻类阅读的高频动词,常与研究、数据、调查连用。核心句式reveal that + 从句(研究表明…),如A new study reveals that...,是读写中替换show的高级表达;reveal sth. to sb.(向某人透露某事);被动式be revealed to be(被发现是…)。派生词revelation n.(被揭露的真相;启示);revealing adj.(揭示真相的;透露内情的)→ a revealing remark。辨析:reveal(把原本隐藏或未知的信息公开,最正式通用)vs expose(暴露,常含使其受害或揭发丑闻之意)vs uncover(揭开覆盖物而发现,多用于秘密、阴谋)vs disclose(正式披露官方或机密信息)vs betray(无意中流露出情感)。
【词根联想】 re-(相反,back)+ vel(拉丁语velum"帷幕,veil")→ 把帷幕反向拉开→ 揭开;揭露。联想:vel/veil"帷幕"→ veil(面纱)、unveil(揭幕;公布)、reveal(揭开帷幕→揭露);反义conceal(con-完全+ ceal遮盖→隐瞒)。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"A recent survey revealed that most students spend over three hours online every day."(最近一项调查显示,多数学生每天上网超过三小时。)(经典原句·reveal 显示)
【搭配词块】 reveal that 表明… / reveal sth. to sb. 向某人透露 / revelation n. 揭露 / revealing adj. 揭示真相的
10. request /rɪˈkwest/ n. 请求;要求 vt. 请求;要求;申请
【核心考点】 request名词动词同形,是应用文写作与虚拟语气的双重考点。作名词时make a request for sth.(请求得到某物)、at sb.'s request(应某人的请求)、on request(一经要求即可)、in response to your request(应您的要求)。作动词时request sth. from sb.(向某人索取某物);request sb. to do sth.(请求某人做某事);最重要的是request that sb. (should) do sth.——从句谓语用"(should+)动词原形"的虚拟语气,与demand、require、suggest、insist同属"一坚持二命令三建议四要求"口诀,是语法填空的经典陷阱。辨析:request(客气而正式的请求)vs ask(最普通的请求)vs demand(强硬地要求,不容拒绝)vs require(因规定或需要而要求)vs beg(恳求)。
【词根联想】 re-(再一次)+ quest(拉丁语quaerere"寻求,seek")→ 一再地去寻求→ 请求。联想:quest/quir/quis"寻求"→ quest(探求)、question(问题)、inquire(询问)、require(要求)、acquire(获得)、conquer(征服)、request(再三寻求→请求)。
【真题原句】
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五·寻找健身搭档·request作名词"启事;请求")"My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park."(我的搭档把她的征友启事贴在了当地公园的公告栏上。)(真题原句·request 请求)
【搭配词块】 make a request for 请求得到 / at sb.'s request 应某人之请 / request that sb. (should) do 要求某人做 / on request 一经要求
11. remove /rɪˈmuːv/ vt. 移开;去除;删除;脱下;免职
【核心考点】 remove是本单元网络治理语境的关键动词,也是环保、健康类语篇的常客。核心句型remove sth. from sth.(把某物从某处移走/清除),from为固定介词,如remove harmful posts from a website(从网站上删除有害帖子)、remove the stains from the shirt(去除衬衫上的污渍)。名词removal n.(移除;搬迁;免职)→ the removal of waste;形容词removable adj.(可拆卸的)。辨析:remove(移走或清除,最通用正式)vs delete(删除文字或数据,专用于文本与文件)vs eliminate(彻底消除,多用于抽象事物如贫困、错误)vs clear(清理干净某一空间)vs get rid of(摆脱,口语化)。
【词根联想】 re-(再次;离开,away)+ mov/mot(拉丁语movere"移动,move")→ 把某物移到别处去→ 移开;去除。联想:mov/mot"动"→ move(移动)、movement(运动)、motion(动作)、motive(动机)、emotion(情绪→向外涌动)、promote(促进→向前推动)、remove(移走)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:remove vt. 脱下(衣物);解除(职务)。熟义"移开"之外,remove one's coat/hat/shoes(脱下外套/帽子/鞋子)是正式场合的书面说法,比take off更文雅;be removed from office/one's post(被免职)见于新闻类文本;此外remove还可表"排除(疑虑、障碍)",如remove all doubts。
【真题原句】
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读B·生态机器语篇·remove表"清除")"The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge."(约翰给自己定下的任务是清除污泥中的有害物质。)(真题原句·remove 清除)
【搭配词块】 remove sth. from 从…中去除 / removal n. 去除;搬迁 / remove one's coat 脱下外套 / be removed from office 被免职
12. technical /ˈteknɪkl/ adj. 技术的;技术性的;专业的
【核心考点】 technical是科技类说明文的高频形容词。常见搭配technical support(技术支持)、technical problems/faults(技术故障)、technical terms(专业术语)、a technical school(技术学校)。同根词构成完整词族,务必区分:technique n.(技巧;工艺,可数,指具体方法)、technology n.(科技;技术,宏观概念)、technician n.(技术员,指人)、technological adj.(科技的,多修饰发展、进步)、technically adv.(技术上;严格说来)。其中technically speaking(严格来说)是议论文的高分插入语。辨析:technical(与某专业领域的技能或术语有关)vs technological(与科学技术的发展应用有关,如technological advances)vs scientific(科学的,指方法严谨或与科学相关)。
【词根联想】 希腊语tekhnē"技艺;手艺"+ -ic/-al(形容词后缀)→ 与手艺技能有关的→ 技术的。联想:techn"技艺"→ technique(技巧)、technology(科技)、technician(技术员)、architect(建筑师→archi首要+ tect技艺)、technical(技术的)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:technical adj. 严格意义上的;字面上的。熟义"技术的"之外,technical可表示"按照严格定义或规则来说的",如a technical victory(因对手违规而获得的胜利);其副词technically更常考,technically speaking意为"严格说来",如Technically, a tomato is a fruit(严格说来,西红柿是一种水果)。
【真题原句】
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读D·群体智慧语篇·technical表"专业的")"In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent."(用更专业的术语来说,群体智慧要求人们的估计彼此独立。)(真题原句·technical 专业的)
【搭配词块】 technical support 技术支持 / technical terms 专业术语 / technique n. 技巧 / technology n. 科技
Part 4 词性变化总表
原词
派生词1
派生词2
派生词3
核心搭配
access
accessible (adj.)
accessibility (n.)
inaccessible (adj.)
have access to / access the Internet
device
devise (v.)
devices (n. pl.)
---
an electronic device / a mobile device
commerce
commercial (adj.)
commercially (adv.)
commercialize (v.)
e-commerce / the Chamber of Commerce
deliver
delivery (n.)
deliverer (n.)
delivered (adj.)
deliver sth. to sb. / deliver a speech
majority
major (adj./v.)
minority (n.)
majorities (n. pl.)
the majority of / in the majority
instant
instantly (adv.)
instance (n.)
instantaneous (adj.)
instant messaging / in an instant
comment
commentary (n.)
commentator (n.)
commented (v.)
make a comment on / comment on
aware
awareness (n.)
unaware (adj.)
awarely (adv.)
be aware of / raise awareness of
reveal
revelation (n.)
revealing (adj.)
revealed (v.)
reveal that / reveal sth. to sb.
request
requested (v.)
requesting (v.)
requests (n. pl.)
at sb.'s request / request that sb. do
remove
removal (n.)
removable (adj.)
removed (adj.)
remove sth. from / removal of waste
technical
technically (adv.)
technique (n.)
technology (n.)
technical support / technical terms
Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空
【练习题】
1.(2021全国甲卷·语法填空·改编)We __________ (accessible) the Xi'an City Wall through the South Gate on a sunny morning.
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读B·改编)The task John set for himself was the __________ (remove) of harmful substances from some sludge.
3.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读C·改编)We should cultivate high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless __________ (devise) use.
4.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读D·改编)__________ (technical) speaking, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent.
5.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五·改编)My partner posted her __________ (requested) for a workout companion on the notice board of a local park.
6.(2026山东济南•模拟)E-__________ (commercial) has completely changed the way ordinary families do their shopping.
7.(2026广东广州•模拟)The shop promises free __________ (deliver) to your door if you spend more than fifty yuan.
8.(2026浙江杭州•模拟)The __________ (major) of the students in our class read the news on their phones.
9.(2026江苏南京•模拟)She replied __________ (instant) the moment she saw the message from her worried mother.
10.(2026四川成都•模拟)Several readers __________ (comment) on the article before the writer had even finished it.
11.(2026河南郑州•模拟)The campaign has greatly raised public __________ (aware) of online safety among teenagers.
12.(2026湖北武汉•模拟)A recent survey __________ (reveal) that most students go online for more than three hours daily.
13.(2026福建福州•模拟)The city library is now __________ (access) to everyone who has a valid reader's card.
14.(2026湖南长沙•模拟)All the harmful posts were __________ (removal) from the website within one single night.
15.(2026安徽合肥•模拟)Modern __________ (technical) has made instant messaging part of our everyday school life.
【答案】
1. accessed 2. removal 3. device 4. Technically 5. request 6. commerce 7. delivery 8. majority 9. instantly 10. commented 11. awareness 12. revealed 13. accessible 14. removed 15. technology
【逐题解析】
1. accessed — 提示词accessible(形容词)需转动词过去式。access sth. 进入某处,不加to。
2. removal — 提示词remove(动词)需转名词。the removal of sth. from 从…中清除。
3. device — 提示词devise(动词)需转名词。device use 设备使用,名词作定语。
4. Technically — 提示词technical(形容词)需转副词。technically speaking 严格来说。
5. request — 提示词requested(过去式)需转名词作宾语。post one's request 张贴启事。
6. commerce — 提示词commercial(形容词)需转名词。e-commerce 电子商务,不可数。
7. delivery — 提示词deliver(动词)需转名词。free delivery 免费配送,作宾语。
8. majority — 提示词major(形容词)需转名词。the majority of 后接复数,谓语复数。
9. instantly — 提示词instant(形容词)需转副词修饰动词replied,表"立刻"。
10. commented — 提示词comment需作谓语过去式,与had finished呼应,表过去。
11. awareness — 提示词aware(形容词)需转名词。raise awareness of 提高…意识。
12. revealed — 提示词reveal需作谓语过去式。survey revealed that 调查显示。
13. accessible — 提示词access(名词)需转形容词。be accessible to sb. 可供某人使用。
14. removed — 提示词removal(名词)需转过去分词。were removed 被删除,被动语态。
15. technology — 提示词technical(形容词)需转名词。modern technology 现代科技。
Part 6 知识点默写:根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇
【练习题】
如今几乎人人都能在一秒之内上网。只要有一部手机或任何别的小巧__________(设备),我们不出家门就能__________(接入)整个世界。
网络__________(商务)改变了日常生活,商家一天之内就能把商品__________(递送)到我们家门口。__________(大多数)年轻人还会在睡前发一条__________(即时的)消息,或者在朋友的照片下留一句__________(评论)。
但网络世界也有阴暗的一面。我们当中很少有人__________(意识到)自己每天__________(泄露)了多少隐私信息。老师和家长__________(要求)网站立刻__________(删除)有害帖子,__________(技术的)团队也日夜工作,为所有人守护一个干净安全的网络。
【答案】
device; access; commerce; deliver; majority; instant; comment; aware; reveal; request; remove; technical
Part 7 关联阅读
Two years ago, Li Wei was proud of the fact that he could access the Internet anywhere he went. A small device in his pocket connected him to friends, games and endless short videos. Like the majority of his classmates, he checked every new comment on his posts the moment he woke up. Online commerce made life even easier: with a single click, a seller would deliver a pair of shoes to his door the next morning. The world online seemed perfect to him, and he never once questioned it.
Then his marks began to fall. His parents noticed that he was always tired in the morning, and his teacher sent an urgent request to the family, saying that something really had to change. At first Li Wei refused to believe that there was any problem at all. He was quite sure that he could stop whenever he liked. One evening, however, a simple app on his phone showed him a number he could not argue with: he had spent seven hours a day staring at a bright little screen.
That figure made him fully aware of how much time he had lost. He decided to act. He asked his father to remove the noisiest apps from his phone, and he turned off every instant message alert after nine o'clock. He was also shocked to learn how much personal information those apps could reveal, from his home address to his daily route to school. Staying safe online, he slowly realised, was not only a technical question but also a matter of self-control.
Six months later, Li Wei is a different student. He still uses the Internet, but now he decides when and why. He reads two books a month, plays basketball on Friday afternoons and talks with his parents at dinner. "The world online is a tool, not a home," he says. His story is not unusual. Teachers say that students who once felt controlled by their screens can win their lives back, as long as they stay honest with themselves.
1. What was Li Wei's life like two years ago?
A. He had to share one old computer with his younger brother at home.
B. He was not allowed to use any electronic device on school days.
C. He was always online and felt quite satisfied with such a life.
D. He spent most of his pocket money on books rather than on games.
2. What first made Li Wei face the problem?
A. The number of hours shown by an app on his own phone.
B. A serious warning letter written by the head of his school.
C. The failure of his phone battery during an important exam.
D. A television programme about young people and the Internet.
3. Why did Li Wei ask his father to remove some apps?
A. Because those apps cost the family far too much money each month.
B. Because his father had promised to buy him a brand-new mobile phone.
C. Because the apps kept sending him messages that he could not understand.
D. Because he wanted to cut down the things that kept pulling him online.
4. What does Li Wei think of the world online now?
A. It is a dangerous place that students had better stay away from.
B. It is a useful tool as long as the user decides when to use it.
C. It is the only way for teenagers to make and keep close friends.
D. It is far less interesting than it appeared to be two years ago.
【参考答案与高考标准解析】
答案:1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B
第1题(细节理解题·高考核心):首段用access、device、majority、comment、commerce、deliver六个目标词密集描写李伟两年前的状态——随时随地上网、口袋里的小设备连接一切、醒来第一件事是看评论、网购次日达,并以The world online seemed perfect to him作结,说明他既长期在线又十分满足,故选C。A项"与弟弟共用一台旧电脑"文中毫无依据;B项"上学日不许用电子设备"与他随身携带设备的描写正好相反;D项"零花钱多用于买书"属无中生有。
第2题(细节理解题·高考高频):第二段末句One evening, however, a simple app on his phone showed him a number he could not argue with: he had spent seven hours a day staring at a bright little screen,明确指出真正让他无法辩驳、被迫直面问题的是手机应用给出的每天七小时这一数据,选项A与原句一一对应。B项"校长的警告信"文中只提到老师发出request,并非校长写信;C项手机电池故障纯属虚构;D项电视节目同样未曾出现。
第3题(推理判断题·高考核心):第三段先写That figure made him fully aware of how much time he had lost,再写他请父亲remove最吵的应用并关闭instant消息提醒,两个动作服务于同一目的——减少不断把他拉回网络的诱因,故D项"削减那些不停把他拽上网的东西"是合理推断。A项"应用花费太多钱"文中未提及费用;B项"父亲承诺买新手机"属捏造;C项"看不懂消息"与原文关注时间与注意力的逻辑无关。
第4题(观点态度题·高考压轴):末段引语"The world online is a tool, not a home"是全文主旨句,配合He still uses the Internet, but now he decides when and why,说明他既不否定网络的价值,也强调使用的主动权应在自己手中,选项B"只要使用者自己决定何时使用,网络就是有用的工具"正是这一态度的准确概括。A项"最好远离"过于极端;C项"唯一途径"绝对化且与他重回篮球场、餐桌交流的事实矛盾;D项"远不如两年前有趣"混淆了兴趣与自控两个概念。
📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇:access, device, commerce, deliver, majority, instant, comment, aware, reveal, request, remove, technical
Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉
请根据英文写出对应汉语释义:
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. access — __________
2. device — __________
3. commerce — __________
4. deliver — __________
5. majority — __________
6. instant — __________
7. comment — __________
8. aware — __________
9. reveal — __________
10. request — __________
11. remove — __________
12. technical — __________
13. accessible — __________
14. commercial — __________
15. delivery — __________
16. awareness — __________
17. removal — __________
18. technology — __________
19. have access to — __________
20. be aware of — __________
【参考答案】
1. 通道;使用权;进入;访问 2. 装置;设备;手段 3. 商业;贸易;商务
4. 递送;发表;兑现 5. 大多数;多数票 6. 立即的;速食的;瞬间
7. 评论;议论;发表意见 8. 意识到的;知道的 9. 揭露;泄露;显示
10. 请求;要求;申请 11. 移开;去除;删除;脱下 12. 技术的;专业的
13. 可进入的;可获取的(形容词) 14. 商业的(形容词);广告(名词) 15. 递送;投递(名词)
16. 意识;认识(名词) 17. 去除;搬迁(名词) 18. 科技;技术(名词)
19. 有…的使用权(短语) 20. 意识到…(短语)
Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级
同义转换:用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词,提升写作表达:
1. Students in our school can use the online library at any time of the day.
→ Students in our school have __________ to the online library at any time of the day.
2. He always carries a small electronic machine that keeps him connected to the world.
→ He always carries a small electronic __________ that keeps him connected to the world.
3. Online buying and selling has changed the shopping habits of ordinary families.
→ Online __________ has changed the shopping habits of ordinary families.
4. The seller promised to send the parcel to my front door within twenty-four hours.
→ The seller promised to __________ the parcel to my front door within twenty-four hours.
5. Most of the students in our class read the daily news on their mobile phones.
→ The __________ of the students in our class read the daily news on their mobile phones.
6. She wrote back at once as soon as she saw the message from her worried mother.
→ She wrote back __________ as soon as she saw the message from her worried mother.
7. Please think twice before you write your opinion under someone else's photo.
→ Please think twice before you leave a __________ under someone else's photo.
8. Many young people do not know about the risks of sharing personal details online.
→ Many young people are not __________ of the risks of sharing personal details online.
9. The latest survey shows that most students go online for over three hours daily.
→ The latest survey __________ that most students go online for over three hours daily.
10. The teachers asked the website to take away all the harmful posts at once.
→ The teachers requested that the website __________ all the harmful posts at once.
【答案】
1. access 2. device 3. commerce 4. deliver 5. majority 6. instantly 7. comment 8. aware 9. reveals 10. remove
Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测
遮挡提示,尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链:
记忆链:device → access → commerce → deliver → majority → instant → comment → aware → reveal → request → remove → technical
复述模板(填空):
只要有一部手机或任何别的小巧__________(设备),我们不出家门就能__________(接入)整个世界。
网络__________(商务)改变了日常生活,商家一天之内就能把商品__________(递送)到家门口;__________(大多数)年轻人睡前还会发一条__________(即时的)消息或留一句__________(评论)。
但很少有人__________(意识到)自己每天__________(泄露)了多少隐私;老师和家长__________(要求)网站立刻__________(删除)有害帖子,__________(技术的)团队也日夜守护网络安全。
你的复述:
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【自我检测答案】
填空答案:device; access; commerce; deliver; majority; instant; comment; aware; reveal; request; remove; technical
复述模板参考版本:
With a mobile phone or any other small device, we can access the whole world without leaving home. Online commerce has changed daily life, and shops deliver goods to our door within a day. The majority of young people send an instant message or leave a comment before they go to bed. But few of us are aware of how much private information we reveal every day. Teachers and parents request that websites should remove harmful posts at once, and technical teams work day and night to keep the net clean and safe.
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专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案(译林版2019)
高考高频知识点:access / device / commerce / deliver / majority /
instant / comment / aware / reveal / request / remove / technical
(知识点来源:必修第三册 Unit 3 · The world online + 高考高频知识点)
学校:____________________ 姓名:____________________ 班级:__________ 座号:__________
目录
Part 1 语境串记语篇 1
【英文语篇】 1
【中文译文】 1
Part 2 知识点列表 2
Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2
Part 4 词性变化总表 8
Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9
【练习题】 9
Part 6 知识点默写:根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10
【练习题】 10
Part 7 关联阅读 10
Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 11
Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11
Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12
Part 1 语境串记语篇
【英文语篇】
Today almost everyone can get online in a second. With a mobile phone or any other small device, we can access the whole world without leaving home. Online commerce has changed daily life, and shops deliver goods to our door within a day. The majority of young people also send an instant message or leave a comment on a friend's photo before they go to bed.
But the world online also has a darker side. Few of us are aware of how much private information we reveal every day. Teachers and parents request that websites should remove harmful posts at once, and technical teams work day and night to keep the net clean and safe for everybody.
【中文译文】
如今几乎人人都能在一秒之内上网。只要有一部手机或任何别的小巧(device)设备,我们不出家门就能(access)接入整个世界。网络(commerce)商务改变了日常生活,商家一天之内就能把商品(deliver)送到我们家门口。(majority)大多数年轻人还会在睡前发一条(instant)即时消息,或者在朋友的照片下留一句(comment)评论。
但网络世界也有阴暗的一面。我们当中很少有人(aware)意识到自己每天(reveal)泄露了多少隐私信息。老师和家长(request)要求网站立刻(remove)删除有害帖子,(technical)技术团队也日夜工作,为所有人守护一个干净安全的网络。
💡 语境串联记忆线索:小小设备→接入世界→网络商务→送货上门→多数青年→即时消息→随手评论→意识风险→泄露隐私→要求整改→删除有害→技术护航
记忆链:device → access → commerce → deliver → majority → instant → comment → aware → reveal → request → remove → technical
Part 2 知识点列表
序号
知识点
音标
词性 + 释义 + 高考考点
1
access
/ˈækses/
n. 通道;使用权 vt. 进入;访问 ⚡考点:have access to(有…的使用权,to为介词);gain/get access to;accessible adj. 可进入的(be accessible to);accessibility n. 可及性
2
device
/dɪˈvaɪs/
n. 装置;设备;手段 ⚡考点:an electronic/a mobile device;a labour-saving device;devise v. 设计;发明(形近易混);leave sb. to their own devices 任其自便
3
commerce
/ˈkɒmɜːs/
n. 商业;贸易 ⚡考点:e-commerce 电子商务;the Chamber of Commerce 商会;commercial adj. 商业的 n. 广告;commercially adv. 商业上
4
deliver
/dɪˈlɪvə(r)/
vt. 递送;发表;兑现 ⚡考点:deliver sth. to sb.;deliver a speech 发表演讲;delivery n. 递送(take delivery of);deliver on a promise 兑现承诺
5
majority
/məˈdʒɒrəti/
n. 大多数;多数票 ⚡考点:the majority of + 复数名词(谓语用复数);in the majority 占多数;a majority of;major adj. 主要的 v. 主修(major in)
6
instant
/ˈɪnstənt/
adj. 立即的;速食的 n. 瞬间 ⚡考点:instant messaging 即时通信;instant coffee 速溶咖啡;the instant (that) 一…就…(引导时间状语从句);instantly adv. 立刻
7
comment
/ˈkɒment/
n./v. 评论;议论 ⚡考点:make a comment on;comment on/upon sth.;No comment. 无可奉告;commentary n. 实况解说;commentator n. 评论员
8
aware
/əˈweə(r)/
adj. 意识到的;知道的 ⚡考点:be aware of sth.;be aware that从句;as far as I am aware 据我所知;awareness n. 意识(raise awareness of 提高…意识)
9
reveal
/rɪˈviːl/
vt. 揭露;显示;展现 ⚡考点:reveal that从句;reveal sth. to sb.;revelation n. 揭露;revealing adj. 揭示真相的;辨析 reveal / expose / uncover
10
request
/rɪˈkwest/
n./vt. 请求;要求 ⚡考点:request sth. from sb.;request that sb. (should) do(虚拟语气);at sb.'s request 应某人之请;make a request for
11
remove
/rɪˈmuːv/
vt. 移开;去除;脱下 ⚡考点:remove sth. from sth.;remove one's coat 脱下外套;removal n. 去除;搬迁;be removed from office 被免职
12
technical
/ˈteknɪkl/
adj. 技术的;专业的 ⚡考点:technical support/terms/problems;technically adv. 严格来说;technique n. 技巧;technology n. 科技;technician n. 技术员
Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点
1. access /ˈækses/ n. 通道;机会;使用权 vt. 进入;访问;获取
【核心考点】 access是网络与信息话题的第一高频词,语法填空、阅读理解、书面表达三线通吃。作名词时最核心的搭配是have/gain/get access to sth.(有权使用;能够接近),其中to是介词,后接名词或动名词,这是高考经典易错点;另有give sb. access to(让某人得以使用)。作及物动词时access sth.(进入;登录;调取),后面直接跟宾语,不加to,如access the Internet/a website/one's account。形容词accessible adj.(可进入的;可获取的;易理解的)→ be accessible to sb.;名词accessibility n.(可及性;无障碍程度)。辨析:access(接近或使用的机会与权利)vs entrance(具体的入口,可数)vs approach(接近的方法或途径)vs admission(准许进入的资格)。
【词根联想】 ac-(同化自ad-,"朝向,to")+ cess/ced(拉丁语cedere"走,go")→ 朝着某处走过去→ 通道;进入。联想:cess/ced/ceed"走"→ process(过程→向前走)、proceed(继续进行)、succeed(成功→接着走上去)、exceed(超过→走出界)、recession(衰退→往回走)、access(走近→通道;使用权)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:access vt. 访问;读取(计算机数据)。在信息技术类语篇中access常作及物动词直接带宾语,表示登录系统或调取数据,如You can access the file from any computer(你可以在任何一台电脑上读取这个文件)、access the database(访问数据库)。注意此时其后绝不能再加to,与名词用法have access to形成鲜明对照。
【真题原句】
(2021·全国甲卷·语法填空·西安城墙游记·access作动词"进入")"We accessed the wall through the South Gate."(我们从南门登上了城墙。)(真题原句·access 进入;到达)
【搭配词块】 have access to 有…的使用权 / gain access to 得以进入 / accessible adj. 可进入的 / access the Internet 上网
2. device /dɪˈvaɪs/ n. 装置;设备;仪器;手段;策略
【核心考点】 device是数字生活语篇的标志性名词,可数,复数devices。常见搭配an electronic device(电子设备)、a mobile device(移动设备)、a safety device(安全装置)、a labour-saving device(省力装置)。高考最爱考的形近易混是动词devise v.(设计;发明;想出),二者读音也不同:device /dɪˈvaɪs/为名词,devise /dɪˈvaɪz/为动词,可用"名词s发/s/,动词s发/z/"来记忆,同类还有advice/advise、practice/practise。习语leave sb. to their own devices(听任某人自行其是)。辨析:device(为某一具体用途设计的小型装置)vs equipment(设备总称,不可数)vs instrument(精密仪器或乐器)vs machine(由动力驱动的机器)。
【词根联想】 de-(分开,apart)+ vis/vid(拉丁语videre"看;分开看")→ 把事物分开来端详、构思→ 想出的巧妙办法→ 装置;手段。联想:vis/vid"看"→ vision(视力)、visible(可见的)、supervise(监督→在上面看)、evident(明显的)、divide(分开)、devise(构思→分开细看)、device(构思出的东西→装置)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:device n. 手段;策略;修辞手法。熟义"设备"之外,device可指为达到目的而采用的巧妙手段,如a device to attract attention(吸引注意的手段);在文学评论类阅读中还常指"表现手法",如a literary device(文学手法)、a rhetorical device(修辞手段)。
【真题原句】
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读C·数字极简主义·device表"电子设备")"...the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use."(……以及培养高质量休闲以取代如今多数人耗费在无意识使用电子设备上的时间的必要性。)(真题原句·device 设备)
【搭配词块】 an electronic device 电子设备 / a mobile device 移动设备 / devise v. 设计;发明 / a safety device 安全装置
3. commerce /ˈkɒmɜːs/ n. 商业;贸易;商务
【核心考点】 commerce为不可数名词,指大规模的商品买卖活动,本单元核心复合词e-commerce(电子商务)正是由它构成,网购话题读写必备。常见搭配foreign/international commerce(对外/国际贸易)、the Chamber of Commerce(商会)、the Ministry of Commerce(商务部)。派生词commercial adj.(商业的;以营利为目的的)n.(电视或广播广告)→ a commercial success(商业上的成功)、a TV commercial(电视广告);commercially adv.(在商业上)→ commercially available(有市售的);commercialize v.(使商业化)。辨析:commerce(宏观意义上的商业活动,正式)vs trade(贸易,可指具体行业,如the tourist trade)vs business(生意;公司,最口语化)vs deal(一笔交易)。
【词根联想】 com-(共同,together)+ merc(拉丁语merx"商品;货物")+ -e → 大家一起交换货物→ 商业。联想:merc"商品;交易"→ merchant(商人)、merchandise(商品)、market(市场)、mercy(怜悯→原指商人给的酬报)、commercial(商业的)、commerce(商业)。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"E-commerce has completely changed the way ordinary people buy and sell goods."(电子商务彻底改变了普通人买卖商品的方式。)(经典原句·commerce 商业)
【搭配词块】 e-commerce 电子商务 / the Chamber of Commerce 商会 / commercial adj. 商业的 / foreign commerce 对外贸易
4. deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt./vi. 递送;发表;接生;兑现(承诺)
【核心考点】 deliver是网购与演讲两大话题的共用高频动词。最基础的义项是"投递",deliver sth. to sb./sp.(把某物送到某人处/某地),如deliver the goods to your door(送货上门);名词delivery n.(递送;分娩)→ free delivery(免费配送)、take delivery of(收货)、a delivery man(送货员)。第二个高频义项是"发表",deliver a speech/a lecture/a talk(发表演讲/讲座/谈话),是书面表达中替换give a speech的高级说法。第三个义项deliver on a promise(履行诺言)在议论文中很出彩。辨析:deliver(把东西送到指定地点,强调完成投递)vs send(发出,不强调是否送达)vs transport(长途运输大宗货物)vs distribute(分发给多人)。
【词根联想】 de-(离开,away)+ liber(拉丁语liberare"使自由,释放")→ 把东西从手中释放出去交给别人→ 投递;把话语释放出来→ 发表。联想:liber"自由"→ liberty(自由)、liberal(开明的)、liberate(解放)、deliver(放手交出→递送;发表)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:deliver vt. 发表(演讲);宣布(判决);接生。熟义"递送"之外,deliver a speech(发表演讲)在高考书面表达与听力中反复出现;deliver a baby(接生)在医疗类语篇中出现;deliver a verdict(宣布裁决)见于法律类文本。这一"把内容交付出去"的引申义是高考熟词生义常考点。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"The online shop promised to deliver the parcel to my door within twenty-four hours."(这家网店承诺二十四小时内把包裹送到我家门口。)(经典原句·deliver 递送)
【搭配词块】 deliver sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 / deliver a speech 发表演讲 / delivery n. 递送 / deliver on a promise 兑现承诺
5. majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大多数;大部分;多数票
【核心考点】 majority是数据说明与调查报告类语篇的必备名词,也是主谓一致的经典考点。the majority of + 可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数,如The majority of students prefer online lessons;the majority单独作主语时,看语境可用单数(作整体)或复数(作个体)。另有in the majority(占多数)、an overwhelming majority(压倒性多数)、by a majority of ten votes(以十票的多数)。派生词major adj.(主要的;重大的)vi.(主修,major in);反义词minority n.(少数;少数民族)→ be in the minority。辨析:majority(可数名词的大多数)vs most(后接名词或of,最通用)vs most of(后接特指名词)vs the bulk of(大部分,多接不可数名词)。
【词根联想】 拉丁语major"更大的"(magnus"大"的比较级)+ -ity(名词后缀)→ 更大的那一部分→ 大多数。联想:maj/magn"大"→ major(主要的)、majesty(威严)、magnify(放大)、magnificent(壮丽的)、master(主人)、majority(大多数);对应min"小"→ minor、minority。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:majority n. 多数票;胜出的票数。熟义"大多数"之外,在选举与议会类语篇中majority特指赢得的票数差额,如win by a large majority(以巨大优势获胜)、a majority of 300 votes(三百票的多数)。此外,形容词性用法a majority decision指"多数人的决定"。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"The majority of the students in our class read the news on their phones every morning."(我们班的大多数学生每天早上都在手机上看新闻。)(经典原句·majority 大多数)
【搭配词块】 the majority of 大多数的 / in the majority 占多数 / major adj. 主要的 / minority n. 少数
6. instant /ˈɪnstənt/ adj. 立即的;速食的 n. 瞬间;片刻
【核心考点】 instant在网络话题中最典型的搭配是instant messaging(即时通信)与an instant message(一条即时消息),是本单元的标志性表达。作形容词还可表"速食的",如instant coffee/noodles(速溶咖啡/方便面);作名词表"瞬间",in an instant(转瞬之间)、for an instant(片刻)、the instant (that) + 从句(一…就…,等于as soon as,引导时间状语从句,主将从现)。副词instantly adv.(立即)同样可作连词引导时间状语从句。名词instance n.(例子)→ for instance(例如)。辨析:instant(强调毫无延迟,多作定语)vs immediate(立即的,也表"直接的",如the immediate cause)vs prompt(迅速及时的,多形容人的反应)vs sudden(突然的,强调出乎意料)。
【词根联想】 in-(在…之上,upon)+ stant/sta(拉丁语stare"站立,stand")→ 就站在眼前的这一刻→ 瞬间;立即的。联想:st/sta"站"→ stand(站立)、stable(稳定的)、constant(不断的→一直站着)、distant(遥远的→站得开)、circumstance(环境→周围站着的事物)、instant(当下→立即的)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:instant n. 瞬间;片刻;conj. 一…就…。熟义形容词"立即的"之外,instant作名词表极短的时间,in an instant(顷刻之间);the instant还可直接用作连词,如The instant he saw the message, he replied(他一看到消息就回复了),这一用法在高考语法填空与写作中很实用。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"Instant messaging makes it possible for us to talk with friends thousands of miles away."(即时通信让我们能够和千里之外的朋友聊天。)(经典原句·instant 即时的)
【搭配词块】 instant messaging 即时通信 / instant coffee 速溶咖啡 / in an instant 转瞬之间 / the instant 一…就…
7. comment /ˈkɒment/ n. 评论;议论;意见 v. 评论;发表意见
【核心考点】 comment是社交媒体语篇与观点类写作的核心词,名词动词同形。作名词时make a comment on/about sth.(对…作出评论)、leave a comment(留言,网络语境高频)、No comment.(无可奉告,新闻发布会常用语)。作动词时comment on/upon sth.(对…发表评论),介词on不可省;也可接that从句,如He commented that the design was clever。派生词commentary n.(现场解说;评注)→ a running commentary(实况解说);commentator n.(评论员;解说员)。辨析:comment(对人或事发表看法,最通用)vs remark(随口说出的评论,较随意)vs observation(经观察后得出的见解,较正式)vs criticism(批评意见,多含否定色彩)。
【词根联想】 com-(加强语气)+ ment(拉丁语mens/mentis"心智,mind")→ 把心里想的说出来→ 评论。联想:ment"心智"→ mental(心理的)、mention(提及)、memory(记忆)、comment(说出心中所想→评论)、commentary(解说词)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:comment n. 议论;话柄。除"评论"外,comment还可表引发议论的"话题、话柄",如His absence caused a lot of comment(他的缺席引来众多议论),此时为不可数名词;固定回应语No comment.意为"无可奉告",是新闻类听力与阅读中的高频表达。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"Before you leave a comment online, think twice about how others may feel."(在网上留言之前,请三思他人可能作何感受。)(经典原句·comment 评论)
【搭配词块】 make a comment on 对…作出评论 / comment on 评论 / leave a comment 留言 / No comment. 无可奉告
8. aware /əˈweə(r)/ adj. 意识到的;知道的;有…意识的
【核心考点】 aware是表示认知状态的核心形容词,通常作表语,不作前置定语。三大搭配必须牢记:be aware of sth.(意识到某事,of后接名词或动名词)、be aware that + 从句(意识到…)、as far as I am aware(据我所知,写作插入语)。还可构成复合形容词,如environmentally aware(有环保意识的)、health-aware(有健康意识的)。名词awareness n.(意识;认识)→ raise/increase public awareness of(提高公众对…的意识),是环保与健康类书面表达的黄金短语;反义词unaware adj.(未觉察的)→ be unaware of。辨析:aware(知道某事存在,强调状态)vs conscious(有意识的,也指"清醒的")vs realize(动词,意识到,强调过程)vs know(知道,含义最广)。
【词根联想】 a-(加强语气)+ ware(古英语wær"警惕的;小心的")→ 保持警觉、留意到→ 意识到的。联想:ware/wary"警惕"→ wary(谨慎的)、beware(当心)、warn(警告)、guard(守卫)、aware(觉察到的)、unaware(未察觉的)。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"Many teenagers are not aware of the risks of sharing personal details online."(许多青少年并未意识到在网上分享个人信息的风险。)(经典原句·aware 意识到的)
【搭配词块】 be aware of 意识到 / be aware that 意识到… / awareness n. 意识 / raise awareness of 提高…的意识
9. reveal /rɪˈviːl/ vt. 揭露;泄露;显示;展现
【核心考点】 reveal是研究报告与新闻类阅读的高频动词,常与研究、数据、调查连用。核心句式reveal that + 从句(研究表明…),如A new study reveals that...,是读写中替换show的高级表达;reveal sth. to sb.(向某人透露某事);被动式be revealed to be(被发现是…)。派生词revelation n.(被揭露的真相;启示);revealing adj.(揭示真相的;透露内情的)→ a revealing remark。辨析:reveal(把原本隐藏或未知的信息公开,最正式通用)vs expose(暴露,常含使其受害或揭发丑闻之意)vs uncover(揭开覆盖物而发现,多用于秘密、阴谋)vs disclose(正式披露官方或机密信息)vs betray(无意中流露出情感)。
【词根联想】 re-(相反,back)+ vel(拉丁语velum"帷幕,veil")→ 把帷幕反向拉开→ 揭开;揭露。联想:vel/veil"帷幕"→ veil(面纱)、unveil(揭幕;公布)、reveal(揭开帷幕→揭露);反义conceal(con-完全+ ceal遮盖→隐瞒)。
【经典原句】
(经典原句)"A recent survey revealed that most students spend over three hours online every day."(最近一项调查显示,多数学生每天上网超过三小时。)(经典原句·reveal 显示)
【搭配词块】 reveal that 表明… / reveal sth. to sb. 向某人透露 / revelation n. 揭露 / revealing adj. 揭示真相的
10. request /rɪˈkwest/ n. 请求;要求 vt. 请求;要求;申请
【核心考点】 request名词动词同形,是应用文写作与虚拟语气的双重考点。作名词时make a request for sth.(请求得到某物)、at sb.'s request(应某人的请求)、on request(一经要求即可)、in response to your request(应您的要求)。作动词时request sth. from sb.(向某人索取某物);request sb. to do sth.(请求某人做某事);最重要的是request that sb. (should) do sth.——从句谓语用"(should+)动词原形"的虚拟语气,与demand、require、suggest、insist同属"一坚持二命令三建议四要求"口诀,是语法填空的经典陷阱。辨析:request(客气而正式的请求)vs ask(最普通的请求)vs demand(强硬地要求,不容拒绝)vs require(因规定或需要而要求)vs beg(恳求)。
【词根联想】 re-(再一次)+ quest(拉丁语quaerere"寻求,seek")→ 一再地去寻求→ 请求。联想:quest/quir/quis"寻求"→ quest(探求)、question(问题)、inquire(询问)、require(要求)、acquire(获得)、conquer(征服)、request(再三寻求→请求)。
【真题原句】
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五·寻找健身搭档·request作名词"启事;请求")"My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park."(我的搭档把她的征友启事贴在了当地公园的公告栏上。)(真题原句·request 请求)
【搭配词块】 make a request for 请求得到 / at sb.'s request 应某人之请 / request that sb. (should) do 要求某人做 / on request 一经要求
11. remove /rɪˈmuːv/ vt. 移开;去除;删除;脱下;免职
【核心考点】 remove是本单元网络治理语境的关键动词,也是环保、健康类语篇的常客。核心句型remove sth. from sth.(把某物从某处移走/清除),from为固定介词,如remove harmful posts from a website(从网站上删除有害帖子)、remove the stains from the shirt(去除衬衫上的污渍)。名词removal n.(移除;搬迁;免职)→ the removal of waste;形容词removable adj.(可拆卸的)。辨析:remove(移走或清除,最通用正式)vs delete(删除文字或数据,专用于文本与文件)vs eliminate(彻底消除,多用于抽象事物如贫困、错误)vs clear(清理干净某一空间)vs get rid of(摆脱,口语化)。
【词根联想】 re-(再次;离开,away)+ mov/mot(拉丁语movere"移动,move")→ 把某物移到别处去→ 移开;去除。联想:mov/mot"动"→ move(移动)、movement(运动)、motion(动作)、motive(动机)、emotion(情绪→向外涌动)、promote(促进→向前推动)、remove(移走)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:remove vt. 脱下(衣物);解除(职务)。熟义"移开"之外,remove one's coat/hat/shoes(脱下外套/帽子/鞋子)是正式场合的书面说法,比take off更文雅;be removed from office/one's post(被免职)见于新闻类文本;此外remove还可表"排除(疑虑、障碍)",如remove all doubts。
【真题原句】
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读B·生态机器语篇·remove表"清除")"The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge."(约翰给自己定下的任务是清除污泥中的有害物质。)(真题原句·remove 清除)
【搭配词块】 remove sth. from 从…中去除 / removal n. 去除;搬迁 / remove one's coat 脱下外套 / be removed from office 被免职
12. technical /ˈteknɪkl/ adj. 技术的;技术性的;专业的
【核心考点】 technical是科技类说明文的高频形容词。常见搭配technical support(技术支持)、technical problems/faults(技术故障)、technical terms(专业术语)、a technical school(技术学校)。同根词构成完整词族,务必区分:technique n.(技巧;工艺,可数,指具体方法)、technology n.(科技;技术,宏观概念)、technician n.(技术员,指人)、technological adj.(科技的,多修饰发展、进步)、technically adv.(技术上;严格说来)。其中technically speaking(严格来说)是议论文的高分插入语。辨析:technical(与某专业领域的技能或术语有关)vs technological(与科学技术的发展应用有关,如technological advances)vs scientific(科学的,指方法严谨或与科学相关)。
【词根联想】 希腊语tekhnē"技艺;手艺"+ -ic/-al(形容词后缀)→ 与手艺技能有关的→ 技术的。联想:techn"技艺"→ technique(技巧)、technology(科技)、technician(技术员)、architect(建筑师→archi首要+ tect技艺)、technical(技术的)。
【熟词生义】 熟词生义:technical adj. 严格意义上的;字面上的。熟义"技术的"之外,technical可表示"按照严格定义或规则来说的",如a technical victory(因对手违规而获得的胜利);其副词technically更常考,technically speaking意为"严格说来",如Technically, a tomato is a fruit(严格说来,西红柿是一种水果)。
【真题原句】
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读D·群体智慧语篇·technical表"专业的")"In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent."(用更专业的术语来说,群体智慧要求人们的估计彼此独立。)(真题原句·technical 专业的)
【搭配词块】 technical support 技术支持 / technical terms 专业术语 / technique n. 技巧 / technology n. 科技
Part 4 词性变化总表
原词
派生词1
派生词2
派生词3
核心搭配
access
accessible (adj.)
accessibility (n.)
inaccessible (adj.)
have access to / access the Internet
device
devise (v.)
devices (n. pl.)
---
an electronic device / a mobile device
commerce
commercial (adj.)
commercially (adv.)
commercialize (v.)
e-commerce / the Chamber of Commerce
deliver
delivery (n.)
deliverer (n.)
delivered (adj.)
deliver sth. to sb. / deliver a speech
majority
major (adj./v.)
minority (n.)
majorities (n. pl.)
the majority of / in the majority
instant
instantly (adv.)
instance (n.)
instantaneous (adj.)
instant messaging / in an instant
comment
commentary (n.)
commentator (n.)
commented (v.)
make a comment on / comment on
aware
awareness (n.)
unaware (adj.)
awarely (adv.)
be aware of / raise awareness of
reveal
revelation (n.)
revealing (adj.)
revealed (v.)
reveal that / reveal sth. to sb.
request
requested (v.)
requesting (v.)
requests (n. pl.)
at sb.'s request / request that sb. do
remove
removal (n.)
removable (adj.)
removed (adj.)
remove sth. from / removal of waste
technical
technically (adv.)
technique (n.)
technology (n.)
technical support / technical terms
Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空
【练习题】
1.(2021全国甲卷·语法填空·改编)We __________ (accessible) the Xi'an City Wall through the South Gate on a sunny morning.
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读B·改编)The task John set for himself was the __________ (remove) of harmful substances from some sludge.
3.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读C·改编)We should cultivate high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless __________ (devise) use.
4.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读D·改编)__________ (technical) speaking, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent.
5.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五·改编)My partner posted her __________ (requested) for a workout companion on the notice board of a local park.
6.(2026山东济南•模拟)E-__________ (commercial) has completely changed the way ordinary families do their shopping.
7.(2026广东广州•模拟)The shop promises free __________ (deliver) to your door if you spend more than fifty yuan.
8.(2026浙江杭州•模拟)The __________ (major) of the students in our class read the news on their phones.
9.(2026江苏南京•模拟)She replied __________ (instant) the moment she saw the message from her worried mother.
10.(2026四川成都•模拟)Several readers __________ (comment) on the article before the writer had even finished it.
11.(2026河南郑州•模拟)The campaign has greatly raised public __________ (aware) of online safety among teenagers.
12.(2026湖北武汉•模拟)A recent survey __________ (reveal) that most students go online for more than three hours daily.
13.(2026福建福州•模拟)The city library is now __________ (access) to everyone who has a valid reader's card.
14.(2026湖南长沙•模拟)All the harmful posts were __________ (removal) from the website within one single night.
15.(2026安徽合肥•模拟)Modern __________ (technical) has made instant messaging part of our everyday school life.
Part 6 知识点默写:根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇
【练习题】
如今几乎人人都能在一秒之内上网。只要有一部手机或任何别的小巧__________(设备),我们不出家门就能__________(接入)整个世界。
网络__________(商务)改变了日常生活,商家一天之内就能把商品__________(递送)到我们家门口。__________(大多数)年轻人还会在睡前发一条__________(即时的)消息,或者在朋友的照片下留一句__________(评论)。
但网络世界也有阴暗的一面。我们当中很少有人__________(意识到)自己每天__________(泄露)了多少隐私信息。老师和家长__________(要求)网站立刻__________(删除)有害帖子,__________(技术的)团队也日夜工作,为所有人守护一个干净安全的网络。
Part 7 关联阅读
Two years ago, Li Wei was proud of the fact that he could access the Internet anywhere he went. A small device in his pocket connected him to friends, games and endless short videos. Like the majority of his classmates, he checked every new comment on his posts the moment he woke up. Online commerce made life even easier: with a single click, a seller would deliver a pair of shoes to his door the next morning. The world online seemed perfect to him, and he never once questioned it.
Then his marks began to fall. His parents noticed that he was always tired in the morning, and his teacher sent an urgent request to the family, saying that something really had to change. At first Li Wei refused to believe that there was any problem at all. He was quite sure that he could stop whenever he liked. One evening, however, a simple app on his phone showed him a number he could not argue with: he had spent seven hours a day staring at a bright little screen.
That figure made him fully aware of how much time he had lost. He decided to act. He asked his father to remove the noisiest apps from his phone, and he turned off every instant message alert after nine o'clock. He was also shocked to learn how much personal information those apps could reveal, from his home address to his daily route to school. Staying safe online, he slowly realised, was not only a technical question but also a matter of self-control.
Six months later, Li Wei is a different student. He still uses the Internet, but now he decides when and why. He reads two books a month, plays basketball on Friday afternoons and talks with his parents at dinner. "The world online is a tool, not a home," he says. His story is not unusual. Teachers say that students who once felt controlled by their screens can win their lives back, as long as they stay honest with themselves.
1. What was Li Wei's life like two years ago?
A. He had to share one old computer with his younger brother at home.
B. He was not allowed to use any electronic device on school days.
C. He was always online and felt quite satisfied with such a life.
D. He spent most of his pocket money on books rather than on games.
2. What first made Li Wei face the problem?
A. The number of hours shown by an app on his own phone.
B. A serious warning letter written by the head of his school.
C. The failure of his phone battery during an important exam.
D. A television programme about young people and the Internet.
3. Why did Li Wei ask his father to remove some apps?
A. Because those apps cost the family far too much money each month.
B. Because his father had promised to buy him a brand-new mobile phone.
C. Because the apps kept sending him messages that he could not understand.
D. Because he wanted to cut down the things that kept pulling him online.
4. What does Li Wei think of the world online now?
A. It is a dangerous place that students had better stay away from.
B. It is a useful tool as long as the user decides when to use it.
C. It is the only way for teenagers to make and keep close friends.
D. It is far less interesting than it appeared to be two years ago.
📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇:access, device, commerce, deliver, majority, instant, comment, aware, reveal, request, remove, technical
Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉
请根据英文写出对应汉语释义:
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. access — __________
2. device — __________
3. commerce — __________
4. deliver — __________
5. majority — __________
6. instant — __________
7. comment — __________
8. aware — __________
9. reveal — __________
10. request — __________
11. remove — __________
12. technical — __________
13. accessible — __________
14. commercial — __________
15. delivery — __________
16. awareness — __________
17. removal — __________
18. technology — __________
19. have access to — __________
20. be aware of — __________
Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级
同义转换:用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词,提升写作表达:
1. Students in our school can use the online library at any time of the day.
→ Students in our school have __________ to the online library at any time of the day.
2. He always carries a small electronic machine that keeps him connected to the world.
→ He always carries a small electronic __________ that keeps him connected to the world.
3. Online buying and selling has changed the shopping habits of ordinary families.
→ Online __________ has changed the shopping habits of ordinary families.
4. The seller promised to send the parcel to my front door within twenty-four hours.
→ The seller promised to __________ the parcel to my front door within twenty-four hours.
5. Most of the students in our class read the daily news on their mobile phones.
→ The __________ of the students in our class read the daily news on their mobile phones.
6. She wrote back at once as soon as she saw the message from her worried mother.
→ She wrote back __________ as soon as she saw the message from her worried mother.
7. Please think twice before you write your opinion under someone else's photo.
→ Please think twice before you leave a __________ under someone else's photo.
8. Many young people do not know about the risks of sharing personal details online.
→ Many young people are not __________ of the risks of sharing personal details online.
9. The latest survey shows that most students go online for over three hours daily.
→ The latest survey __________ that most students go online for over three hours daily.
10. The teachers asked the website to take away all the harmful posts at once.
→ The teachers requested that the website __________ all the harmful posts at once.
Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测
遮挡提示,尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链:
记忆链:device → access → commerce → deliver → majority → instant → comment → aware → reveal → request → remove → technical
复述模板(填空):
只要有一部手机或任何别的小巧__________(设备),我们不出家门就能__________(接入)整个世界。
网络__________(商务)改变了日常生活,商家一天之内就能把商品__________(递送)到家门口;__________(大多数)年轻人睡前还会发一条__________(即时的)消息或留一句__________(评论)。
但很少有人__________(意识到)自己每天__________(泄露)了多少隐私;老师和家长__________(要求)网站立刻__________(删除)有害帖子,__________(技术的)团队也日夜守护网络安全。
你的复述:
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