必修2 Unit 5 第3课时•作业评价(Word练习)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦生态环境主题，融合非连续性文本、记叙文等体裁，通过题型专项训练提升语言理解与表达能力，强化思维品质与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A/B/C/D|4篇（含细节理解、推理判断等题型）|细节题定位原文信息，推理题结合上下文逻辑，标题归纳题抓主旨|从概念（堆肥原理）到应用（环保行动），构建“现象-分析-解决”逻辑链| |阅读七选五|1篇|衔接词分析、上下文语境匹配|以生态焦虑为主题，形成“问题-定义-影响-应对”的认知脉络| |读后续写|1篇|情节发展符合逻辑，情感表达真实|围绕森林保护，体现“发现问题-寻求证据-解决问题”的思维过程|

第3课时·作业评价 一、阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (适变创新命题：语篇为非连续性文本) Composting (堆肥制造) at Home What Is Composting? Composting is the managed, oxygen-requiring biological decomposition of organic materials by microorganisms.Organic (carbon-based) materials include grasses, leaves, yard and tree cuttings, and food waste.The end product is compost, a soil conditioner that can provide nutrients for plants. Microorganisms feed on the materials added to the compost pile during composting.They use carbon and nitrogen (氮) to grow and reproduce, water to digest materials, and oxygen to breathe. Why Is Composting at Home Important? Composting is nature's way of recycling.We can get a beneficial, value-added soil conditioner and use it to protect the environment. What to Add to a Backyard Compost Pile? 1．What do we know about composting? A．It takes place without oxygen. B．It needs microorganisms' involvement. C．It breaks down waste with carbon. D．It starts with a special soil conditioner. 2．What can compost help us do? A．Improve poor soil.　B．Prevent flooding. C．Reduce food waste. D．Store carbon in the air. 3．How much carbon material is needed to build a 300 kg compost pile? A．30 kg.　B．60 kg.　C．90 kg.　D．180 kg. 　　　　　　　　 　B(关注课标新增主题：生态环境) (2026·驻马店模拟)Every Saturday morning, a group of volunteers gathers at Greenfield Park with one mission: to clean up the polluted stream that winds through the area. For years, the stream had been choked with plastic bottles, old tires, and discarded food wrappers, making it uninhabitable for fish and other wildlife. But thanks to their efforts, things are starting to change. Maya, a 17-year-old high school student, has been part of the group for six months. “I first noticed the stream when I was jogging in the park，” she said. “It made me sad to see so much trash, so I looked up local clean-up groups and joined right away.” She remembers her first day vividly — they pulled out three shopping carts and a rusty bicycle, and filled dozens of garbage bags with plastic. The volunteers work in teams. Some wade into the shallow parts of the stream to retrieve floating debris, while others sort the trash on the banks, separating recyclables from non-recyclables. “We've learned a lot about waste management，” said Mr Higgins, who coordinates the group. “Most people don't realize how long plastic takes to decompose — some items can last for hundreds of years in the environment.” Over time, their hard work has paid off. The water is clearer now, and last month, someone spotted a family of ducks swimming in the stream — a sight no one had seen in years. Local kids have started joining too, bringing their friends and turning the clean-up into a weekend activity. “It has become a community thing，” Maya said proudly. “People stop by to thank us, or even grab a glove and help for a while.” The group's next goal is to plant native water plants along the banks to prevent erosion and provide habitats for small creatures. “Cleaning up is just the first step，” Mr Higgins explained. “We want to make sure the stream stays healthy for years to come.” For Maya, seeing the stream come back to life has been the best reward. “Every time I visit, I notice something new — a butterfly, a bird, or a kid skipping stones in the water. It makes all the early mornings and sore muscles worth it.” 4．Why did Maya join the clean-up group? A．She needed community service hours for school. B．She was upset by the trash in the stream. C．Her friends invited her to join. D．She wanted to learn about wildlife. 5．What do the volunteers do during the clean-up? A．Only collect trash from the stream banks. B．Focus on removing large items like bicycles. C．Separate recyclables from other trash. D．Teach kids about plastic decomposition. 6．What positive change has happened to the stream? A．It has dried up completely. B．Ducks have returned to swim there. C．New shopping carts were added. D．The water has become darker. 7．What is the group planning to do next? A．Stop the clean-up efforts. B．Plant native water plants. C．Build a bridge over the stream. D．Invite more adults to join. C (2026·济南模拟)Scientists have revealed much of the basics about earthquakes: tectonic plates (构造板块) move, causing strain energy (应变能) to build up, and that energy eventually releases in the form of an earthquake. However, forecasting earthquakes remains a significant challenge, which was evidenced by the 2011 great Tohoku earthquake. In addition to causing a tsunami that led to the Fukushima nuclear disaster, it resulted in more than 18,000 deaths. In recent years, researchers have been trying to figure out a possible relation between the sun and earthquakes. Based on a previous study that connected solar activity with earthquakes, a study conducted by researchers from the University of Tsukuba (UT) cast light on this possibility, confirming that sunspot numbers had some influence on earthquakes and Earth's climate, as affected by solar heat, played a role. “Solar heat drives atmospheric temperature changes, which in turn can affect things like rock properties and underground water movement，” said Junqueira Saldanha, leader of the research team. “Such changes can make rocks tend to break apart. For example, the changes in rainfall and snowmelt can affect the pressure on tectonic plate boundaries. While these factors may not be the main drivers of earthquakes, they could still be playing a role that can help to predict earthquakes.” Among other findings, the researchers used mathematical and computational methods to analyze earthquake data alongside solar activity records and surface temperatures on Earth. They observed that when they included Earth surface temperatures into their model, the forecasting became more accurate, especially for shallow earthquakes. “That makes sense, since heat and water mostly affect the upper layers of the Earth's crust (地壳)，” said Saldanha. The findings suggest the transfer of solar heat to the surface of the Earth does affect earthquakes, however minutely, and that incorporating solar activity predictions into detailed Earth temperature models may help issue earthquake forecasts. “It's an exciting direction, and we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes，” said Saldanha. 8．Why did the author mention Tohoku earthquake in paragraph 1? A．To demonstrate the movement of tectonic plates. B．To illustrate the difficulty in earthquake forecast. C．To reveal the heavy losses caused by earthquakes. D．To stress the necessity of weakening strain energy. 9．What does the study by UT mainly focus on? A．The climate change caused by earthquakes. B．The impact of solar activity on atmosphere. C．The reasons for increased sunspot numbers. D．The link between sunspots and earthquakes. 10．Which of the following would Saldanha agree? A．Solar heat decides earthquake frequency. B．Tectonic plate pressure grows constantly. C．Earthquakes occur in the crust's upper layer. D．Solar activity data helps predict earthquakes. 11．What does the underlined word “decipher” in the last paragraph mean? A．Reveal. B．Distinguish. C．Expand. D．Assess. D (2026·宁波模拟)While technological advancements have enhanced the convenience of urban commuting in recent years, environmental studies reveal a worrying decline in urban green spaces, especially in densely populated districts. Many residents complain that there's insufficient access to nature-filled areas for relaxation and exercise, so they end up spending more time indoors, relying on virtual entertainment. Urban planners Lila Chen and Ryan Moore are deeply troubled by such issues. In their newly released book Green Living: Reclaim Our Cities' Natural Spaces, they call for a fundamental rethinking of urban design and the role greenery should play in our daily lives. The landscape of urban living began to shift decades ago. Vast areas of natural vegetation were cleared to make room for sprawling concrete structures and commercial centers, forcing residents to seek nature in distant suburbs. Some grassroots groups fought back. Most notably, a community organizer from Seattle, who relocated to the city in the early 2000s, launched a movement to save a local wetland area from being converted into a shopping mall. Expressing her outrage at the planned destruction, Emily Clark appealed to the city council to “Preserve Seattle as a city where nature and urban life coexist harmoniously, not just a place of concrete and commerce.” Similar initiatives took place in other major cities across the country in the 2010s. Although these initiatives gained public attention, the harsh reality is that the majority of modern cities remain overwhelmingly dominated by urban development at the expense of green spaces. The coverage of natural areas in cities has been shrinking steadily. In California, for instance, the ratio of urban green spaces to total city area has dropped to a record low, even as the state promotes environmental protection campaigns. We invest substantial resources in building urban infrastructure that prioritizes speed and efficiency, yet we neglect to consider the true value of green spaces. Do we fully comprehend the social and psychological costs when citizens lack easy access to natural environments for mental rejuvenation? The authors of Green Living are spot-on: it's high time we re-evaluate the urban landscapes right outside our homes. 12．What phenomenon does the author highlight in paragraph 1? A．Urban commuting has become overly dependent on technology. B．The reduction of urban green spaces leads to lifestyle changes. C．Virtual entertainment is replacing outdoor activities completely. D．Residents in densely populated areas have limited access to jobs. 13．What were the Seattle community organizer and other activists attempting to achieve? A．Expand commercial development in urban areas. B．Relocate residents to distant suburbs with more greenery. C．Safeguard urban natural spaces for a balanced lifestyle. D．Promote the construction of more shopping malls in wetlands. 14．What can be inferred about the initiatives in California in the 2010s? A．They successfully increased the ratio of urban green spaces. B．They failed to reverse the trend of shrinking green areas. C．They led to a surge in environmental protection donations. D．They resulted in the closure of all commercial construction projects. 15．Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text? A．Urban Rush: Sacrificing Nature? B．Tech Advance: A Double-edged Sword? C．Green Spaces: A Luxury or Necessity? D．Community Activism: A Lost Cause? Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2026·秦皇岛模拟)A recent global study, which surveyed 10,000 young people from 10 countries, showed that nearly 60 percent of them were extremely worried about the future state of the planet. Nearly half of the respondents were affected by such anxiety daily, and three-quarters agreed that “the future is frightening”. Clearly, climate change is not just a threat to the environment that we inhabit. __16__ Psychologists have categorized these feelings of grief, distress, and worry about the current climate emergency under the label of “eco-anxiety”. __17__ Eco-anxiety doesn't just affect young people. It also impacts researchers and those with limited financial resources across the globe. In 2024, eco-anxiety rose to become one of the leading causes of mental health problems. __18__ Scientists estimate that the world is likely to go beyond safe levels of temperature rise above pre-industrial levels by 2027. In recent years, wildfires have torn through Canada and Greece, and floods have destroyed regions in Pakistan that are home to nearly 33 million people. __19__ Caroline Hickman, a researcher on eco-anxiety from the University of Bath, warns that the feelings of worry, sorrow and despair associated with eco-anxiety should not be labeled as a medical condition. After all, anyone experiencing these emotions is displaying entirely natural and understandable reactions to the climate crisis. Her suggestion? Use eco-anxiety as a tool for good — as an emotion that can motivate people to act in protection of our planet. This is why more people are expected to join the fight for climate justice and seek jobs that prioritize environmental sustainability. Campaigners will put increased pressure on fossil fuel industries and the governments that fund them to rapidly phase out the usage of polluting coal, oil, and gas. __20__ We will deal with it by taking action. A．The reasons are obvious. B．Concerns about mental health are growing worldwide. C．It also poses a very real threat to our emotional well-being. D．Eco-anxiety is not something we will defeat with treatment. E．Hopefully, eco-anxiety will inspire more discussions about future solutions. F．It is defined as heightened emotional and mental distress due to climate change. G．Fortunately, greater levels of eco-anxiety will offer a way to address the climate crisis head-on. 二、读后续写强化练 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2026·哈尔滨模拟)16-year-old Liam rode his rusty bicycle along the forest trail, his biology notebook in the basket filled with notes about bird migrations. Today was the final check for his ecology project — a sound map documenting animal habitats in Greenvalley Forest. But instead of recording woodpecker taps, all he heard was the roar of machines, ready to enter the forest and cut down trees at any time. “Mr Carter！” Liam burst into the ranger's (护林员) station. The white-haired ranger looked up from his desk, where a map marked with red “X”s caught Liam's eye. “They're really cutting down the west sector next week？” The ranger sighed. “The town needs land for expansion. The future of Greenvalley Forest depends on the upcoming ‘Town Development Meeting’. The council will approve the logging permit unless we can present conclusive evidence of the harm it will cause.” He then handed Liam a leaflet about the meeting. “It claims the project will cause little harm to nature, not mentioning the displaced (流离失所的) wildlife.” Hearing this, Liam's chest tightened. His sound map had recorded three endangered owl (猫头鹰) nests in that exact area. Determined to save the forest, Liam ran back to school and put up posters around over lunchtime: “SAVE GREENVALLEY OWLS! MEET AT THE RANGER'S 4 PM！” Only five classmates showed up, including Emma, his lab partner. “Look，” she adjusted her glasses, “emotional appeals won't work. We need scientific evidence.” She pointed to Liam's notebook. “Your sound map has recorded the time of owl calls. That's proof.” As twilight painted the sky orange, the group hiked into the woods with microphones and cameras. Suddenly, Emma froze. “Did you hear that？” A low whimper came from the bush. Pushing aside branches, they found a brownish yellow little owl lying on the ground, its wings bleeding and its golden eyes wide with fear. “We need to get it to the wildlife center immediately，” Liam said. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Liam carefully picked up the injured little owl with trembling hands. At the Town Development Meeting three days later, Liam stood before the councilors of the town. 答案 第3课时·作业评价 一、阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 [A] 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了家庭堆肥的原理、意义及操作要点，倡导人们通过简易堆肥减少废弃物、改良土壤以及应对气候变化。 1．选B　细节理解题。根据What Is Composting？部分中的“Composting is the managed, oxygen－requiring biological decomposition of organic materials by microorganisms.”可知，堆肥制造是在人为控制、供氧充足的条件下，由微生物对有机物质进行生物分解的过程。 2．选A　细节理解题。根据Why Is Composting at Home Important？部分图片中的“Compost enhances soil health ... preserves nutrients in the soil”可知，堆肥可以改善土壤健康与植物生长，在土壤中缓慢释放并保留养分。由此可知，堆肥有助于改善贫瘠土壤。 3．选D　细节理解题。根据What to Add to a Backyard Compost Pile？部分图片中的“Bottom (Browns) 60%”和“Carbon Source”可知，堆肥最下面是碳材料，占总量的60%，由此可知，制造一个300千克的堆肥需要用的碳材料为300×0.6＝180(千克)。 [B] 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了志愿者团队清理格林菲尔德公园受污染的溪流，使其逐渐恢复生机的故事。 4．选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“It made me sad to see so much trash, so I looked up local clean－up groups and joined right away.”可知，玛雅加入清理小组是因为她对溪流里的垃圾感到难过。 5．选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some wade into the shallow parts ... separating recyclables from non－recyclables.”可知，志愿者们在清理期间会将可回收物与其他垃圾分开。 6．选B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The water is clearer now, and last month, someone spotted a family of ducks swimming in the stream — a sight no one had seen in years.”可知，小溪发生的积极变化是鸭子回到溪流里游泳了。 7．选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The group's next goal is to plant native water plants along the banks to prevent erosion and provide habitats for small creatures.”可知，小组下一步计划种植本地水生植物。 [C] 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家对太阳活动与地震之间关系的研究，指出太阳热量传递到地球表面会对地震产生影响，将太阳活动预测纳入地球温度模型可能有助于地震预报。 8．选B　说明方法题。根据第一段中的“However, forecasting earthquakes remains a significant challenge, which was evidenced by the 2011 great Tohoku earthquake.”可知，提及该地震是为了论证前文“地震预测困难”的观点。 9．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“confirming that sunspot numbers had some influence on earthquakes and Earth's climate, as affected by solar heat, played a role”可知，该研究聚焦太阳黑子与地震的关联。 10．选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“and that incorporating solar activity predictions into detailed Earth temperature models may help issue earthquake forecasts”可知，萨尔达尼亚认为太阳活动数据对预测地震有帮助。 11．选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 “we hope our study can decipher the bigger picture of what causes earthquakes”可知，decipher后的宾语是“地震成因的更大图景”，结合前文研究的目的是弄清楚太阳活动与地震的关系，以帮助预测地震，也就是要“揭示”地震成因等相关内容，所以 decipher应表示“揭示；解读”之意。 [D] 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市发展以牺牲城市绿地为代价，虽然提高了便利性，但给环境和人们的健康生活带来了巨大威胁。 12．选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many residents complain ... they end up spending more time indoors, relying on virtual entertainment.”可知，作者在第一段主要强调了城市绿地减少导致居民生活方式的改变。 13．选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Preserve Seattle as a city where nature and urban life coexist harmoniously, not just a place of concrete and commerce.”可知，西雅图社区组织者和其他活动者试图守护城市自然空间，追求平衡的生活方式。 14．选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中“In California, for instance, the ratio of urban green spaces to total city area has dropped to a record low, even as the state promotes environmental protection campaigns.”可知，21世纪初加州的环保活动未能扭转绿地面积不断萎缩的趋势。 15．选A　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了城市发展以牺牲城市绿地为代价，虽然提高了便利性，但给环境和人们的健康生活带来了巨大威胁，因此A项“都市快速发展：牺牲自然？”适合作为本文标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕一项关于年轻人对地球未来状态担忧的全球研究展开，进而探讨了“生态焦虑”这一心理现象及其对不同人群的影响。 16．选C　空前指出气候变化不仅威胁环境。C项“它也对我们的情感健康构成了切实的威胁”以“also”衔接，与前文形成逻辑上的递进关系，符合语境。 17．选F　上文提到心理学家将相关气候变化的负面情绪归类为“生态焦虑”。F项“它被定义为因气候变化而加剧的情绪和精神压力”承接上文，符合语境。 18．选A　上文提到生态焦虑成为导致心理健康问题的主要原因之一。下文列举了具体气候危机案例。故A项“原因显而易见”承上启下，为下文列举做了铺垫。 19．选G　空处为段首句，为本段主旨句。下文讲述的是生态焦虑可以转化为积极力量从而让人们保护地球。故G项“幸运的是，更高程度的生态焦虑将为我们直面气候危机提供途径”与下文内容相符，符合语境。 20．选D　根据空后“We will deal with it by taking action.”可知，我们可以通过行动来应对生态焦虑。故D项“生态焦虑并非通过治疗就能战胜的问题”符合语境，其中的“Eco－anxiety”指代下文的“it”。 二、读后续写强化练 参考范文： Liam carefully picked up the injured little owl with trembling hands. Emma helped wrap the owl in her scarf to keep it warm and still. The group hurried through the forest heading towards the wildlife center. As they approached, Liam dialed the wildlife center, explaining their situation and requesting immediate assistance. The staff met them at the door, praising them for their quick action. Seeing the owl sent for treatment, Liam felt a mix of relief and hope. Perhaps, if they could save this one life, they could save the entire forest. With determination renewed, he vowed to use every resource they had to fight for Greenvalley. At the Town Development Meeting three days later, Liam stood before the councilors of the town. With Emma by his side, he presented their findings, highlighting the endangered owl nests and the displacement of wildlife due to the logging. He also showed the pictures of the injured owl and other bird species losing their habitats. The room fell silent as the councilors realized the seriousness of the situation. Liam's voice, though trembling, was firm. “We need to find a way to expand our town without destroying the natural habitat of these animals，” he concluded. The councilors nodded, their faces thoughtful. Two days later, the council announced: “Logging denied due to endangered species.” 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $