必修第2册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE 作业11（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦一轮复习综合能力提升，通过真实语篇考查语言理解与表达，融合人物故事、科普应用及个人经历主题，强化语言能力与思维品质培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇8题|含细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意，选材贴近现实|以人物职业发展（A篇）和环保创新（B篇）为载体，构建“信息提取-逻辑推理-主旨概括”认知链| |完形填空|1篇15题|记叙文语境下考查动词、名词等实词及篇章连贯|通过兴趣与职业选择的转变，体现“问题发现-决策调整-成功实践”的逻辑发展| |语法填空|1篇10题|涵盖冠词、形容词、定语从句等词法与句法，依托沙漠治理话题|以生态建设为语境，整合语法知识在语篇中的应用，实现“形式-意义-使用”统一|

作业(十一) (限时：40分钟) 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·云南昆明质量检测)From boat decks (甲板) to the Stanford campus, Katie Jewett, a 2011 graduate of the Human Biology program, has charted a path through the worlds of ocean science and communication. Jewett developed a love for the ocean at an early age.Upon graduation from Stanford, she involved herself in the environment that had inspired her storytelling pursuits.After leaving the boat world, Jewett worked as a science writer at the California Academy of Sciences where she wrote about the museum's biodiversity research and reported stories for bioGraphic magazine.Today, she is the Associate Director for Ocean Communications at the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability. For Jewett, science is more than just the process of collecting data—it's about the stories of the people doing the research and the people those findings serve.Her love for the ocean and passion for storytelling have driven her to connect the work of scientists with global audiences, translating complex data into appealing stories.Transforming complicated scientific information into a more related format has become one of her biggest priorities. Jewett's passion for storytelling is typical in a recent video she produced with her colleagues at Stanford，Oceans in a New Light.The feature tells the story of how ocean scientists are cooperating with resource managers in Palau to develop a tiny chip that can detect floating DNA chips of specific species in the ocean.“What really made the story successful was that the people involved in the project connected viewers to this sense of place and invited them into the process of innovation，” she explained. Jewett's journey from HumBio student to her current role shows the value of using science communication to sail in today's complex world.“Life is a constant conversation, so having the skill set to read people and meet them where they're at is invaluable，” she reflected. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了斯坦福大学人类生物学专业2011届毕业生凯蒂·朱伊特(Katie Jewett)从对海洋的热爱出发，在海洋科学与科学传播领域不断探索的历程，她将科学数据转化为动人故事，致力于连接科学家的工作。 1．What does Jewett think is the most important in ocean science? A．Protecting the ocean resources. B．Developing innovative mindset. C．Gathering scientific information. D．Interpreting the data into stories. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，朱伊特认为在海洋科学中最重要的是将数据解读成故事，让科学更易于被大众理解。故选D。 答案　D 2．Why does the author mention Oceans in a New Light in paragraph 4? A．To show a way of science popularization. B．To advertise the feature in a creative way. C．To reveal the tough process of storytelling. D．To indicate the advanced technology in Palau. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知，作者提到这个视频是为了展示朱伊特通过讲故事的方式进行科学普及，将复杂的科学研究以一种大众易于接受的方式呈现出来。故选A。 答案　A 3．Which of the following words can best describe Jewett? A．Visionary and humble. B．Inspiring and enthusiastic. C．Talented and courageous. D．Considerate and optimistic. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段以及第三段“Her love for the ocean and passion for storytelling have driven her to connect the work of scientists with global audiences, translating complex data into appealing stories.”可知，朱伊特对海洋充满热爱，对自己的工作充满热情，并且通过自己的努力将科学传播给大众，具有激励人心的力量。可推理出朱伊特是一个“激励人心的”且“热情的” 人，故选B。 答案　B 4．Which might be the best title for the text? A．DNA Chips：Key to Translating Ocean Species B．Ocean Communications：More than Collecting Data C．Storytelling Pursuits：A Journey from Boat to Stanford D．Cooperative Research：Stanford's Role of Science Leadership 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一、三段以及最后一段可知，文章开篇提到凯蒂·朱伊特从航海领域到斯坦福大学的经历，接着讲述了她对海洋的热爱以及在科学传播方面的追求，从离开航海领域成为科学作家，到在斯坦福大学从事海洋传播工作，她的经历是一个从航海到斯坦福大学的故事讲述之旅。故选C。 答案　C B (2026·贵州贵阳七校联考)After spending 62 years above the Hudson River, the Tappan Zee Bridge's heritage lives on below the water's surface.The bridge was fully torn down, after which its huge structure of metal and concrete was cleaned and then dropped into the Atlantic Ocean to start a new life as an artificial reef. Coral reefs are varied marine ecosystems, often regarded as the rainforests of the sea.When coral reefs are stressed by changes in conditions, such as temperature, light or nutrients, they expel the algae that live in their tissues, without which corals' tissues become transparent, showing their white structures, a phenomenon known as bleaching (漂白).This largely attributes to the sharp decline of coral reefs.It is reported that we've lost 14 percent of the world's coral reefs in the last decade, an equivalent of losing the whole Great Barrier Reef in 10 years. It is clear that natural coral reefs are now in trouble.That's why people are finding ways to build them from artificial materials.Artificial reefs aren't made of coral.They are created by placing large objects on the ocean floor.Sometimes, these objects are built to be used as reefs.They are often made of steel and concrete.A structure can also be recycled as a reef.That's what happened with the Tappan Zee Bridge.Of all the artificial marine reefs in the world, those made of submerged shipwrecks are the most common.In 2005, Jim Walsh helped turn a ship called the Carthaginian Ⅱ into a reef, The Carthaginian Ⅱ landed on the ocean floor more than a decade ago.Back then, it was just a chunk of metal on a bare patch of sand.Now the ship is a home to at least 75 marine animal species.“It's amazing to see how much life is on that ship，” Walsh says. While artificial reefs bring benefits in many ways, they aren't perfect for all situations, as they can damage natural habitats if not carefully constructed and potentially lead to a sharp increase in tourism activity that spills over into surrounding areas, including natural reefs. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塔潘齐大桥被拆除后，其结构被改造成人工鱼礁，为海洋生物提供了栖息地，成为海洋中的“宝藏”。 5．How was the Tappan Zee Bridge recycled? A．It was dropped as it was. B．It was cut into small pieces first. C．It was melted and reshaped into a reef. D．It was cleaned then placed into the ocean. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，塔潘齐大桥被拆除后，其巨大的金属和混凝土结构被清理干净，然后沉入大西洋，成为人工鱼礁。故选D。 答案　D 6．What does the underlined word “expel” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Attract. B．Release. C．Change. D．Feed. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词句中“...without which corals' tissues become transparent, showing their white structures, a phenomenon known as bleaching (漂白).”可知，珊瑚礁在受到压力时，会排出生活在其组织中的藻类，没有这些藻类，珊瑚组织会变得透明，呈现出白色结构，即白化现象。故选B。 答案　B 7．What can be inferred about the future of artificial reefs? A．They may need strict regulations. B．They will ruin the natural environment. C．They will take the place of natural reefs. D．They will all be made of steel and concrete. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，人工鱼礁如果建造不当会破坏自然栖息地，还可能导致旅游业活动急剧增加，影响周边地区，所以未来人工鱼礁可能需要严格的管理和规范。故选A。 答案　A 8．What is the passage mainly about? A．The forms of reefs have changed. B．Tappan Zee Bridge is home to reefs. C．A deserted bridge turns into a treasure. D．Artificial reefs bring hopes for oceans. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文以及第一段可知，文章主要讲述了塔潘齐大桥被拆除后，其结构被改造成人工鱼礁，为海洋生物提供了栖息地，成为海洋中的“宝藏”，C 选项“一座废弃的桥变成一座宝藏”符合文章主旨。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 (2026·贵州贵阳模拟)During his school years, Jacob had a passion for music and arts.In middle school, he founded a 9 that rehearsed (排练) in a garage, and by high school, he had advanced to producing his own CDs.But when it was up to him to decide on a college major, he chose 10 ．At first, he considered it as a safer career choice, but soon it turned out to be a wrong choice. In the college he 11 a point where he felt it 12 to do his engineering courses.He felt like he needed to learn something else.Then Jacob made another choice and transferred to another department.This time he chose his 13 based on interest rather than 14 security, which proved to be 15 to his future career.Jacob 16 the deep satisfaction of studying what he loved. Later that transfer 17 ．Jacob graduated and began working on animated shows for children.He is now 18 focusing on the things he enjoys doing, and he wants to give them all his 19 ．Needless to say, because he can use what he learned better for his work, he does better than his colleagues. Thinking back to his engineering 20 ， he is thankful that he made the decision to follow his interest and 21 what he loved.He is really grateful that he could choose the 22 he liked.He's glad he 23 it. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了雅各布大学选择了工程学，但是在大学里，他感到很难完成他的工程课程。于是开始转到自己感兴趣的专业，并且取得了不错的成绩。 9．A.kindergarten B．laboratory C．band D．discussion 解析　句意：中学时，他成立了一支乐队，在车库里排练，到高中时，他已经开始制作自己的CD了。根据后文“he had advanced to producing his own CDs”可知，制作CD说明成立的是乐队。故选C。 答案　C 10．A.writing B．engineering C．singing D．drawing 解析　句意：但是当要他决定大学专业的时候，他选择了工程学。根据后文“his engineering courses”可知，他选择了工程学专业。故选B。 答案　B 11．A.attempted B．mentioned C．followed D．reached 解析　句意：在大学里，他感到很难完成他的工程课程。根据后文“a point where he felt it”可知，这里表示在大学里他 “达到”了一个点。reach a point 意为 “达到一个阶段、程度”，故选D。 答案　D 12．A.strange B．pleasant C．difficult D．serious 解析　根据后文“He felt like he needed to learn something else.”可知，他觉得需要学别的东西，说明他觉得上工程学课程很 “困难”。故选C。 答案　C 13．A.pattern B．major C．solution D．standard 解析　句意：这一次，他选择专业是基于兴趣而不是职业保障，事实证明这对他未来的职业生涯是有益的。根据前文“when it was up to him to decide on a college major”以及“transferred to another department”可知，这次他改变的是“专业”。故选B。 答案　B 14．A.career B．personnel C．system D．range 解析　句意：同上。根据前文“At first, he considered it as a safer career choice”可知，之前他选择专业是基于职业安全保障，这次他是基于兴趣而不是 “职业”安全保障选择专业。故选A。 答案　A 15．A.similar B．subject C．opposite D．beneficial 解析　句意：同上。根据后文“Jacob graduated and began working on animated shows for children.”以及“because he can use what he learned better for his work, he does better than his colleagues”可知，这次选择对他未来的职业是“有益的”。故选D。 答案　D 16．A.desired B．permitted C．valued D．stressed 解析　句意：雅各布珍视钻研所爱之事带来的深切满足感。根据后文“the deep satisfaction of studying what he loved”指雅各布开始学习自己感兴趣的东西，所以他“珍视”学习自己喜欢的东西所带来的深深的满足感。故选C。 答案　C 17．A.gave up B．paid off C．broke out D．got around 解析　句意：后来，那次换来专业取得了回报。根据后文“Needless to say, because he can use what he learned better for his work, he does better than his colleagues.”可知，换专业给他带来了好的回报。故选B。 答案　B 18．A.curiously B．luckily C．extremely D．totally 解析　句意：他现在完全专注于他喜欢做的事情，他想把所有的注意力都放在这些事情上。根据后文“focusing on the things he enjoys doing”以及“Needless to say, because he can use what he learned better for his work, he does better than his colleagues.”指他完全专注于自己喜爱的事情，做得很好。故选D。 答案　D 19．A.inspiration B．strength C．attention D．impression 解析　句意：同上。根据上文“focusing on the things he enjoys doing”可知，他专注于自己喜欢的事情，把注意力都放在上面了。故选C。 答案　C 20．A.courses B．conferences C．meetings D．schedules 解析　句意：回想起他的工程课程，他很感激自己做出了追随自己兴趣的决定，追求自己喜欢的东西。呼应上文“his engineering courses”指开始反思自己的工程课程。故选A。 答案　A 21．A.promised B．survived C．believed D．pursued 解析　句意：同上。根据上文“he is thankful that he made the decision to follow his interest”以及后文“what he loved”他很感激自己做出了追随自己兴趣并 “追求” 自己所爱的决定。故选D。 答案　D 22．A.path B．service C．passage D．average 解析　句意：他真的很感激，他可以选择自己喜欢的道路。根据上文“he is thankful that he made the decision to follow his interest”可知，他很感激自己能够选择他喜欢的“道路”。故选A。 答案　A 23．A.needed B．helped C．made D．mastered 解析　句意：他很高兴自己成功做到了。根据上文“Needless to say, because he can use what he learned better for his work, he does better than his colleagues.”可知，他在自己感兴趣的道路上取得了成功，make it表示“取得成功”。故选C。 答案　C Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·湖北武汉模拟)Over the past 30 years, a quiet war against nature has been launched in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to turn swaths of desert into 24. vast forest. Leading this 25. (ecology) campaign is the city of Aksu, located on the edge of China's largest desert, the Taklamakan, 26. name is translated to “the place of no return”．As one of the biggest shifting sand dunes (沙丘) in the world, its size is slightly smaller than 27. of Germany. “You couldn't open your eyes when the dark wind 28. (sweep) across the land，” said 48­year­old Gan Yongjun.“The dark wind can be seen gathering from several kilometers away, the darkness 29. (block) everything in view，”he explained. For the past 30 years, Gan has been engaged in the Kekeya green project—one of the campaigns launched by local governments in 1986 to relieve the trouble caused by long­term dust storms.Engineers, geographers and other 30. (special) were called to survey the land and figure out water sources.They were also tasked 31. seeking ways to turn sand into soil fertile enough for plants 32. (take) roots. To date, with over 13 million trees 33. (plant) in Aksu, agriculture has contributed a lot to the local economy.Now, people throughout China associate Aksu with its sweet and crunchy apples while other produce such as dates have also become popular in the supermarkets. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了在过去的30年里，新疆维吾尔自治区发动了一场无声的反自然战争，将大片沙漠变成了森林绿洲。 24．解析　句意：在过去的30年里，新疆维吾尔自治区发起了一场对抗自然的无声的战争，将大片沙漠变成了一片广阔森林。该空后名词forest是一个可数名词，首次提到，应填不定冠词。故填a。 答案　a 25．解析　句意：主导这场生态运动的是位于中国最大沙漠塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘的阿克苏市，这片沙漠的名字被翻译成“不归的地方”。空后的campaign是名词，该空需要一个形容词作定语。故填ecological。 答案　ecological 26．解析　句意：同上。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Taklamakan，指代先行词在从句中作定语修饰name，构成所属关系。故填whose。 答案　whose 27．解析　句意：作为世界上最大的流动沙丘之一，它的面积比德国的面积稍小。此处为同类异物特指，且size为单数，应用that，that of Germany“德国的面积”。故填that。 答案　that 28．解析　句意：当黑风席卷大地时，你无法睁开眼睛。所给动词sweep在when引导的状语从句中作谓语，句子陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时；主语是the dark wind，与sweep构成主动关系，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填sweeps。 答案　blocking 29．解析　句意：从几千米外就能看到黑风在聚集，黑暗遮挡了视线内的一切。逗号后的部分为独立主格结构，the darkness与block之间是主动关系，要填现在分词形式。故填blocking。 答案　blocking 30．解析　句意：工程师、地理学家和其他专家被召集来勘测土地和确定水源。该空需要一个表示人的名词与前面的Engineers, geographers并列作主语， special为形容词，其名词specialist意为“专家”符合题意；根据Engineers, geographers，other及后面谓语动词中were使用了复数，该空应填名词复数形式。故填specialists。 答案　specialists 31．解析　句意：他们还被要求寻找将沙子变成适合植物扎根的肥沃土壤的方法。空后的动名词短语是任务的具体内容，固定短语be tasked with表示“被分配……的任务”，符合题意。故填with。 答案　with 32．解析　句意：同上。此处为形容词(fertile)＋enough (for sb/sth)to do 结构作结果状语，该空应填动词不定式形式。故填to take。 答案　to take 33．解析　句意：迄今为止，阿克苏种植了超过1300万棵树，农业对当地经济做出了很大贡献。此处所给动词plant意为“种植”，在句中作with复合结构中的宾语补足语，与宾语trees为被动关系。故填planted。 答案　planted 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $