《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第40天 任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统覆盖第40天15个核心词汇及词形变换、短语拓展等考点，按“词汇认知-词形转换-语境应用”逻辑架构知识网络，通过问题导向的任务设计引导学生自主梳理词义、搭配及真题用法，形成结构化词汇体系。 亮点在于真题例句融入与多维度自测工具，如选词填空、语篇翻译等活动，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。学生可通过默写和填空诊断薄弱点，教师能依据学情数据实施分层指导，助力个性化复习，提升备考实效。

《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第40天（词汇586-600） 一、核心词汇 586. anonymous 【4次】 /əˈnɒnɪməs/ adj.匿名的 587. appetite 【4次】 /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ n.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望，渴望 588. arouse 【4次】 /əˈraʊz/ v.激起，引起（感情、态度） 589. awful 【4次】 /ˈɔːfl/ adj.很坏的，极讨厌的，糟糕的；非常的，很多的 590. vain 【4次】 /veɪn/ adj.徒劳的(in vain 徒劳无功) 591. restless 【4次】 /ˈrestləs/ adj.坐立不安的，不耐烦的；不安宁的；难以入睡的 592. reverse 【4次】 /rɪˈvɜːs/ v.颠倒，反转；adj.相反的 n.相反的情况（或事物）;背面，反面 593. moderate 【4次】 /ˈmɒdərət/ adj.适度的，中等的；温和的，不激烈的 594. offence 【4次】 /əˈfens/ n.冒犯；犯罪（英式；美式：offense） 595. delicate 【4次】 /ˈdelɪkət/ adj.易碎的；精细的，精美的；纤弱的 596. wag 【4次】 /wæɡ/ v.(狗)摇摆(尾巴) n.摇摆 597. breakthrough 【4次】 /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n.重大进展；突破 adj.突破性的 598. reluctant 【4次】 /rɪˈlʌktənt/ adj.不情愿的，勉强的 599. accent 【3次】 /ˈæksent/ n.口音；重音 600. adequate 【3次】 /ˈædɪkwət/ adj.足够的；合格的；合乎需要的 二、词形变换 1. anonymous —— anonymously /əˈnɒnɪməsli/ adv.匿名地 —— anonymity /ˌænəˈnɪməti/ n.匿名 2. appetite —— appetizing /ˈæpɪtaɪzɪŋ/ adj.开胃的 —— appetizer /ˈæpɪtaɪzə/ n.开胃菜 3. arouse —— arousal /əˈraʊzl/ n.唤起 —— arousing adj.激发性的 4. awe —— awful adj.糟糕的 —— awfully /ˈɔːfli/ adv.非常 —— awe /ɔː/ n.敬畏 5. vain —— vainly /ˈveɪnli/ adv.徒劳地 —— vanity /ˈvænəti/ n.虚荣 6. rest —— restless adj.不安的 —— rest /rest/ n./v.休息 —— restless adj.坐立不安的 —— restfully /ˈrestfəli/ adv.宁静地 7. reverse —— reversal /rɪˈvɜːsl/ n.逆转 —— reversible /rɪˈvɜːsəbl/ adj.可逆的 —— irreversible /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːsəbl/ adj.不可逆的 8. moderate —— moderately /ˈmɒdərətli/ adv.适度地 —— moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n.适度 —— moderate v.使缓和 9. offend —— offence n.冒犯 —— offend /əˈfend/ v.冒犯 —— offensive /əˈfensɪv/ adj.冒犯的 —— offender /əˈfendə/ n.冒犯者 10. delicate —— delicately /ˈdelɪkətli/ adv.精细地 —— delicacy /ˈdelɪkəsi/ n.精致；佳肴 11. wag —— wagging /ˈwæɡɪŋ/ n.摇摆 12. breakthrough —— breakthrough n.突破 —— break /breɪk/ v.打破 —— through /θruː/ prep.通过 13. reluctant —— reluctantly /rɪˈlʌktəntli/ adv.不情愿地 —— reluctance /rɪˈlʌktəns/ n.勉强 14. accent —— accentuate /əkˈsentʃueɪt/ v.强调 —— accentual /əkˈsentʃuəl/ adj.重音的 15. adequate —— adequately /ˈædɪkwətli/ adv.足够地 —— adequacy /ˈædɪkwəsi/ n.足够 —— inadequate /ɪnˈædɪkwət/ adj.不充分的 三、重要词汇短语拓展与真题例句 1. anonymous —— anonymous donation 匿名捐赠；anonymous letter 匿名信（2023新高考I卷）“The donor wished to remain anonymous.” 2. appetite —— have an appetite for 有……的欲望；lose one's appetite 失去食欲（2022全国乙卷）“Reading has given him an appetite for knowledge.” 3. arouse —— arouse interest 引起兴趣；arouse suspicion 引起怀疑（2021全国甲卷）“The speech aroused strong emotions among the audience.” 4. awful —— awful weather 糟糕的天气；an awful lot 大量（2020全国II卷）“I feel awful about what happened.” 5. vain —— in vain 徒劳；vain attempt 徒劳的尝试（2019全国I卷）“All our efforts were in vain.” 6. restless —— feel restless 感到不安（2018全国III卷）“The children grew restless during the long journey.” 7. reverse —— reverse the trend 扭转趋势；reverse the decision 推翻决定（2022新高考I卷）“The economic situation has been reversed.” 8. moderate —— moderate exercise 适度运动；moderate price 适中价格（2021新高考I卷）“She has a moderate approach to everything.” 9. offence —— commit an offence 犯罪；take offence 生气（2020全国I卷）“He committed a serious offence.” 10. delicate —— delicate balance 微妙的平衡；delicate skin 娇嫩的皮肤（2019全国II卷）“The situation requires delicate handling.” 11. wag —— wag the tail 摇尾巴（2018全国II卷）“The dog wagged its tail happily.” 12. breakthrough —— make a breakthrough 取得突破；scientific breakthrough 科学突破（2023全国乙卷）“The researchers made a major breakthrough.” 13. reluctant —— reluctant to do 不愿意做（2022新高考II卷）“He was reluctant to admit his mistake.” 14. accent —— speak with an accent 带着口音说；heavy accent 浓重口音（2021全国乙卷）“She speaks English with a French accent.” 15. adequate —— adequate supply 充足供应；adequate preparation 充分准备（2020全国III卷）“Make sure you have adequate time to prepare.” 四、选词填空 第一组（备选词：anonymous, appetite, arouse, awful, vain, restless, reverse, moderate, offence, delicate） 1. The donation was made by an ______ person who wished to remain unknown to the public. 2. Reading classic literature has given me a great ______ for learning new things. 3. The teacher's inspiring speech ______ a strong desire for knowledge among the students. 4. The weather was so ______ that we decided to cancel our outdoor plans. 5. Despite all his efforts, his attempt to solve the problem ended in ______. 6. The children became ______ after sitting in the car for three hours. 7. It is difficult to ______ the aging process, but we can slow it down. 8. The doctor recommended ______ exercise for the patient's recovery. 9. Using a mobile phone while driving is a serious ______ in many countries. 10. The young girl's health was ______, and she needed to take extra care. 第二组（备选词：wag, breakthrough, reluctant, accent, adequate, reluctantly, groundbreaking, reluctant, adequately, accents） 11. The dog ran up to its owner and began to ______ its tail excitedly. 12. Scientists have made a major ______ in cancer research this year. 13. She was ______ to share her opinions because she feared criticism. 14. Although he is French, he speaks English with a perfect American ______. 15. It is important to have ______ preparation before taking the final exam. 16. The student ______ agreed to participate in the extra class. 17. The scientists made a ______ discovery that changed medical practice. 18. He remained ______ to accept the job offer despite the attractive salary. 19. The report ______ addresses all the key issues raised by the committee. 20. The teacher pointed out the differences between American and British ______. 五、单词填空（语法填空或首字母填空，句子较长，设空位置分散） 1. The ______ (anonymous) of the donor was a matter of personal choice and should be respected. 2. After a long illness, she gradually regained her ______ (appetite) and started eating normally. 3. The movie was intended to ______ (arouse) public awareness about the dangers of climate change. 4. The ______ (awful) of the situation became apparent when we saw the damage. 5. All her attempts to convince him to change his mind were ______ (vainly) because he was determined. 6. The soldiers felt ______ (rest) after days of continuous marching and fighting. 7. The ______ (reverse) of the car's direction caused confusion among the passengers. 8. The ______ (moderate) of his opinions made him popular among both sides. 9. His ______ (offence) behavior at the party upset many of the guests. 10. The success of the project was ______ (reluctance) acknowledged by those who had opposed it. 六、语篇翻译 A reluctant traveler may miss many wonderful opportunities to explore the world. However, it is important to understand that travel can arouse curiosity and broaden one's horizons. An anonymous donor once funded a youth exchange program that changed many lives. Some people speak with a strong accent, but effective communication depends on more than just pronunciation. A moderate amount of adventure is healthy for personal growth. We should not make vain attempts to avoid all risks. The delicate balance between caution and courage must be maintained. A restless spirit often leads to great achievements. Those who commit an offence should be given a chance to reverse their behavior and make amends. The scientific breakthrough we have witnessed in recent years has changed our lives thoroughly. Animals, such as dogs, wag their tails to express emotions. It is adequate to take small steps each day toward our goals. Even an awful experience can teach us valuable lessons. Remember, success is not about being superior to others, but about being the best version of yourself. 七、核心词汇默写 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 586. 匿名的 ____________ 587. 食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 ____________ 588. 激起，引起 ____________ 589. 很坏的，糟糕的 ____________ 590. 徒劳的 ____________ 591. 坐立不安的 ____________ 592. 颠倒，反转；相反的 ____________ 593. 适度的，中等的；温和的 ____________ 594. 冒犯；犯罪 ____________ 595. 易碎的；精细的；纤弱的 ____________ 596. 摇摆（尾巴） ____________ 597. 重大进展；突破 ____________ 598. 不情愿的，勉强的 ____________ 599. 口音；重音 ____________ 600. 足够的；合格的 ____________ 八、词形变换默写 1. anonymous → ______（adv. 匿名地）→ ______（n. 匿名） 2. appetite → ______（adj. 开胃的）→ ______（n. 开胃菜） 3. arouse → ______（n. 唤起）→ ______（adj. 激发性的） 4. awe → ______（adj. 糟糕的）→ ______（adv. 非常）→ ______（n. 敬畏） 5. vain → ______（adv. 徒劳地）→ ______（n. 虚荣） 6. rest → ______（adj. 不安的）→ ______（adv. 宁静地） 7. reverse → ______（n. 逆转）→ ______（adj. 可逆的）→ ______（adj. 不可逆的） 8. moderate → ______（adv. 适度地）→ ______（n. 适度）→ ______（v. 使缓和） 9. offend → ______（n. 冒犯）→ ______（adj. 冒犯的）→ ______（n. 冒犯者） 10. delicate → ______（adv. 精细地）→ ______（n. 精致；佳肴） 11. reluctant → ______（adv. 不情愿地）→ ______（n. 勉强） 12. accent → ______（v. 强调）→ ______（adj. 重音的） 13. adequate → ______（adv. 足够地）→ ______（n. 足够）→ ______（adj. 不充分的） 【参考答案】 四、选词填空答案 第一组：1. anonymous 2. appetite 3. aroused 4. awful 5. vain 6. restless 7. reverse 8. moderate 9. offence 10. delicate 第二组：11. wag 12. breakthrough 13. reluctant 14. accent 15. adequate 16. reluctantly 17. groundbreaking 18. reluctant 19. adequately 20. accents 五、单词填空答案 1. anonymity（名词，匿名性） 2. appetite（名词，食欲） 3. arouse（动词原形，激起） 4. awfulness（名词，糟糕） 5. in vain（介词短语，徒劳地） 6. restless（形容词，不安的） 7. reversal（名词，逆转） 8. moderation（名词，适度） 9. offensive（形容词，冒犯的） 10. reluctantly（副词，不情愿地） 六、语篇翻译答案 一个不情愿的旅行者可能会错过许多探索世界的美好机会。然而，理解旅行能激起好奇心并拓宽眼界是重要的。一位匿名捐赠者曾资助一个改变了许多人生活的青年交流项目。一些人说话带浓重口音，但有效沟通不仅取决于发音。适度的冒险对个人成长有益。我们不应徒劳地试图规避所有风险。微妙的谨慎与勇气之间的平衡必须维持。不安的精神往往带来伟大成就。犯了过错的人应有机会扭转自己的行为并做出弥补。我们近年来目睹的科学突破已经彻底改变了我们的生活。像狗这样的动物摇摆尾巴表达情感。每天向着目标迈出足够的小步就已足够。即使是糟糕的经历也能教会我们宝贵的教训。记住，成功不是关于优于他人，而是成为最好的自己。 七、核心词汇默写答案 586. anonymous 587. appetite 588. arouse 589. awful 590. vain 591. restless 592. reverse 593. moderate 594. offence 595. delicate 596. wag 597. breakthrough 598. reluctant 599. accent 600. adequate 八、词形变换默写答案 1. anonymously, anonymity 2. appetizing, appetizer 3. arousal, arousing 4. awful, awfully, awe 5. vainly, vanity 6. restless, restfully 7. reversal, reversible, irreversible 8. moderately, moderation, moderate 9. offence, offensive, offender 10. delicately, delicacy 11. reluctantly, reluctance 12. accentuate, accentual 13. adequately, adequacy, inadequate $