Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 以“体育与健康”为主题，通过外刊拓展、词汇句法解析及多题型训练，构建“输入-内化-输出”的语言能力培养体系，融合语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊拓展阅读|1篇研究类文本|聚焦儿童肥胖与父母压力，含全文翻译|以真实研究为载体，培养信息获取与跨文化理解能力| |核心词汇|20个主题词|涵盖“childhood obesity”“parental stress”等高频词|围绕单元主题，构建体育健康领域词汇网络| |长难句分析|2个复杂句|解析不定式作定语、固定搭配等语法点|从句子结构入手，夯实语法基础，支撑阅读理解| |能力培优拔高|7篇（4阅读/1完形/1七选五/1语法填空）|覆盖细节理解、主旨大意、语境填空等高考题型|从单篇理解到语篇结构，逐步提升综合语言运用能力| |迁移应用篇|5句完成+1应用文写作|结合“make sense”等短语及发言稿写作|实现知识向表达转化，提升语言输出与思维表达能力|

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 No Childhood obesity has been increasing in recent years. For a long time, the main ways to prevent it have focused on encouraging healthy eating and regular physical activity. Now, researchers at Yale suggest another important factor should be added: reducing stress in parents. A research team led by Yale psychologist Rajita Sinha found that lowering parental stress may help reduce the risk of obesity in young children. “It’s the third leg of the stool,” Sinha said. “We already knew that stress can be a big contributor. The surprise was that when parents handled stress better, their parenting improved, and their young child’s obesity risk went down.” To explore this, researchers conducted a 12-week study with 114 parents. All had children between two and five years old who were overweight. Parents were placed in one of two groups. One group took part in a program called Parenting Mindfully for Health (PMH). It taught mindfulness and self-control skills, along with guidance on healthy nutrition and physical activity. The other group received only counseling on nutrition and exercise. During the program, researchers recorded parent stress levels and measured the children’s weight. By the end of the study, only the PMH group showed lower parent stress, improved parenting, and less unhealthy eating in their children. Three months later, these children did not show significant weight gain. In the control group, parents did not experience these improvements. Their children gained more weight and were six times more likely to fall into a higher obesity risk category. “The combination of mindfulness and behavioral self-regulation, together with healthy nutrition and physical activity, seemed to protect young children from some negative effects of stress on weight gain,” Sinha explained. The findings suggest that helping parents manage stress could be a valuable new way to fight childhood obesity. 【全文翻译】 近年来，儿童肥胖问题日益严重。长期以来，预防儿童肥胖的主要手段都聚焦于倡导健康饮食与规律体育锻炼。如今，耶鲁大学的研究人员提出，还应当纳入另一重要影响因素：缓解父母的压力。 由耶鲁大学心理学家拉吉塔·辛哈带领的研究团队发现，减轻父母的压力有助于降低幼儿患上肥胖症的风险。“这是支撑问题的第三根支柱。”辛哈说道，“我们早已知道压力是一大诱因。令人意外的是，当父母能够更好地应对压力时，育儿方式会得到改善，幼儿的肥胖风险也随之下降。” 为探究这一结论，研究人员开展了一项为期12周的实验，共有114名家长参与，他们的孩子年龄在2至5岁之间，且均属于超重儿童。这些家长被分为两组。其中一组参与名为“健康正念育儿（PMH）”的项目，该项目教授正念训练与自我控制技巧，同时提供健康营养和体育锻炼方面的指导。另一组仅接受营养与运动相关咨询。项目开展期间，研究人员记录家长的压力水平，并测量孩子们的体重。 研究结束时，只有“健康正念育儿（PMH）”项目组的家长压力有所降低、育儿方式得到改善，孩子不健康饮食的情况有所减少。三个月后，这些孩子的体重没有出现明显增长。而对照组的家长没有获得上述改善，他们的孩子体重增加更多，患上更高等级肥胖症的概率高出六倍。 辛哈解释道：“正念训练与行为自我调节相结合，再辅以健康膳食与体育运动，似乎能够保护幼儿，削弱压力对体重增长造成的部分负面影响。”这项研究表明，帮助家长调节压力，或许是攻克儿童肥胖问题一条极具价值的新路径。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. childhood obesity 儿童肥胖 2. regular physical activity 规律体育锻炼 3. researcher n. 研究者 4. parental stress 父母压力 5. reduce the risk of 降低……的风险 6. contributor n. 促成因素；贡献者 7. conduct a study 开展一项研究 8. overweight adj. 超重的 9. mindfulness n. 正念；专注力 10. self-control 自控力 11. nutrition n. 营养 12. counseling n. 咨询指导 13. control group 对照组 14. significant weight gain 明显的体重增长 15. behavioral self-regulation 行为自我调节 16. protect…from… 保护……免受…… 17. negative effects 负面影响 18. findings n.（复数）研究发现 19. manage stress 调节压力 20. valuable adj. 有价值的 【长难句分析】 1.For a long time, the main ways to prevent it have focused on encouraging healthy eating and regular physical activity. Now, researchers at Yale suggest another important factor should be added: reducing stress in parents. 句意：长期以来，预防儿童肥胖的主要方式都侧重于倡导健康饮食与规律运动。如今耶鲁大学研究人员提出，还需要加入另一重要因素：缓解父母的压力。 分析：主干：the main ways have focused on…；to prevent it 不定式作后置定语修饰ways；focus on 后接并列动名词短语 encouraging… and (having)…；suggest 后面接宾语从句，省略引导词that。 2.The combination of mindfulness and behavioral self-regulation, together with healthy nutrition and physical activity, seemed to protect young children from some negative effects of stress on weight gain. 句意：：正念训练与行为自我调节相结合，再搭配健康营养与运动，似乎能够保护幼儿，减轻压力对体重增长带来的部分负面影响。 分析：主语：The combination of A and B；together with… 介词短语，不影响谓语单复数；seemed to do...为谓语，表示“似乎......”;固定搭配 protect sb. from sth. 保护某人免受某事伤害。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 阅读理解 It can be incredibly difficult to encourage ourselves to go for a run during winter, particularly when itˈs wet and windy outside. But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits. In fact, it seems that just a 10-minute session will not only make us feel better, but actually improve brain health as well. Now, we all know that exercise can improve mental and physical health in many ways. But when it comes to mental well-being, thereˈs been relatively little research done on the specific benefits of running, compared with other physical activities, such as cycling. So this was something put to the test during a recent study. Researchers from the University of Tsukuba in Japan asked participants to run on a treadmill for just 10 minutes. They then had to take the Stroop Color and Word Test which is used to measure the response time in brain processing. Results showed there was the highest point in self-reported pleasure and an increase in degree of activity of the brain. In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain thatˈs associated with dealing with functions and controlling moods（情绪）. Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling, which also showed improved cognition（认知）, but no mood improvement. Therefore, it seems that various types of exercise can make us feel different. The authors noted, “Given that exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well.” So pushing ourselves to get outside for a run really will make us feel better, probably more than other physical activities. And these findings show that we donˈt necessarily need to do a lot of exercise to feel the benefit of it. 1.What has the new research found? A. Running fast benefits all of us. B. Running is the best exercise. C. A short-time run can be beneficial. D. A healthy mind encourages us to run. 2.How did the researchers get the result? A. By using different drugs on participants. B. By interviewing some sportsmen. C. By collecting information on the Internet. D. By doing experiments and making comparisons. 3.Which of the following is related to our happiness? A. Cycling. B. Medicine. C. A part of the brain. D. Color. 4.What is the main idea of the text? A. We should go for a run in winter. B. Running really benefits us mentally. C. We donˈt need a lot of exercise. D. Running on a treadmill is better than running outside. Passage 2 阅读理解 The global use of streaming media has provided fans of niche sports (小众体育) with easy access to international sports programs, and for followers of traditional major sports, a way to get to know niche sports. The increase of viewership platforms in the digital age has enabled many fans to explore their favorite niche sports deeper, while others actively discover new sports to follow and enjoy. Accordingly, fan clubs for niche sports have been growing. Among the most noticeable developments in recent years that catch the fansˈ attention is the rise of niche sports leagues (联盟). They attract thousands of fans to watch their games, and their television viewers reach millions. Given how quickly sports followers warm up to the leagues, everyone seems to know about them, which brings up some questions—who are watching these games and what makes a niche sports fan? According to a recent Global Web Index report on niche sports followers, a niche sports fan is a person who follows or watches at least five niche sports leagues or events. More than half of niche sports fans fall within the 25—44 age range. They are excited about the sports content shown on streaming media, and are more likely to pay for such services compared to the general population. And they present a higher likelihood of using many kinds of second screens in sports seasons, including laptops, smartwatches, and smartphones. Pickleball (匹克球) is a great example of a niche sport that has developed from a relatively unknown activity to a US national passion. So, what will the next pickleball be? Managing Director Peter Cosco from Isos Growth Advisory, a sports investment company, said, "Technological advancement helps fans get involved in sports, but it doesnˈt make it certain. Developing fan love for a new sport, especially a niche one, takes careful management of resources, a well thought-out plan, good relationships with the right people, and the ˈplayˈ factor. That is, is it fun to play and fun to watch?" 5.What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. More people are aware of sportsˈ benefits. B. Technology is helpful in niche sportsˈ popularity. C. Fans have a positive effect on sports development. D. Sports platforms have made huge economic gains recently. 6.Why is the rise of niche sports leagues mentioned? A. To explain why streaming media is not needed. B. To prove they have the largest number of live viewers. C. To lead to questions about niche sports viewers and fans. D. To show they are more popular than major sports leagues. 7.What is a characteristic of niche sports fans? A. They are from a fixed age group. B. They are socially disconnected in daily life. C. They are highly dependent on digital services. D. They are willing to watch sports on single devices. 8.What does Peter Cosco think is necessary for the success of next Pickleball? A. Technological development. B. A lot of advertising through social media. C. Strict rules and professional training for leagues. D. Careful management and wide enjoyment. Passage 3 完形填空 My sister Lily decided to take up cycling to get fit after years of a sedentary office job. I wholeheartedly  9   her decision, knowing how important it was for her well-being. To show my support, I bought her a nice pair of cycling gloves and signed up for a local 20-mile cycling event with her. As we gathered at the starting point on that sunny but breezy morning, we   10   our bikes nervously, checking the gears and brakes one last time. "Are you sure you wonˈt get annoyed if I   11   a bit slower?" she asked, her eyes filled with a mix of excitement and worry. She had only started   12   weekends a month ago. "Of course not," I reassured her with a smile. When the starting horn   13  , Lily pedaled off steadily. At first, I stayed right beside her, chatting and enjoying the scenery. But as the road opened up and the wind seemed to push me forward, my competitive side took over. I gradually   14    my speed, thinking she would catch up. After a few miles, I looked back, and Lily was no longer in my line of sight. I kept going, pushing myself harder, and crossed the finish line in a   15   time of just under an hour. I felt a rush of pride, despite not having trained intensively. Lily arrived at the finish line almost twenty minutes later, her face red and tired. She was clearly  16  , feeling that she had let me down. I couldnˈt believe she thought that way. I gave her a big hug and told her how proud I was of her for even finishing the race. Determined to improve, Lily made a plan. She decided to cycle to work three times a week and   17   to participate in more cycling events. I watched her   18   early in the morning, even when it was foggy or drizzling. I saw her face strong headwinds and deal with flat tires on the  19   country roads. There were times when she was   20   by steep hills and wanted to give up, but she never did. Finally, the day of the big regional cycling race came. This time, I made up my mind to stay with her. We pedaled side by side, encouraging each other. When we were about to reach the finish line, Lily found some extra strength and   21   ahead. She crossed the line just a few seconds before me, her eyes shining with joy and  22  . She had not only overcome her own self-doubt but also achieved a goal she once thought was impossible. Her  23   legs from hours of cycling didnˈt seem to bother her at all; all that mattered was the sense of accomplishment she felt. 9. A. questioned B. understood C. backed D. ignored 10. A. examined B. cleaned C. rode D. parked 11. A. run B. cycle C. drive D. walk 12. A. practicing B. competing C. traveling D. resting 13. A. blew B. rang C. disappeared D. broke 14. A. maintained B. reduced C. increased D. measured 15. A. disappointing B. average C. ordinary D. remarkable 16. A. happy B. embarrassed C. angry D. relaxed 17. A. aimed B. agreed C. pretended D. happened 18. A. set out B. turn back C. give up D. slow down 19. A. crowded B. smooth C. lonely D. busy 20. A. frightened B. challenged C. attracted D. guided 21. A. looked B. fell C. rushed D. stayed 22. A. pride B. surprise C. relief D. fear 23. A. long B. thin C. strong D. sore Passage 4 阅读理解 What are the limits of the human body? Is there a point at which it is physically impossible to do something? "One thing weˈve all learned in the last 30 years or so is that just about anything is humanly possible," says Dr. Jack Wilmore, author of Physiology (生理学) of Sport and Exercise. "As time goes by, I think youˈll see more records continue to fall in every sport. The talent pool is better than ever. With more and better athletes involved and competing, records will fall and new standards will be set." Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches, but even his record was broken in 1991. One factor is now becoming more understood and popular: sports psychology (心理学). Getting inside the athleteˈs head can be as effective as training and long workouts. According to Wilmore, the psychological aspect of sports has become more and more esteemed. He points out that most professional teams have hired (聘用) sports psychologists for their players. In addition, every aspect of athletics—training, nutrition, injury treatment—is far better than itˈs ever been. "Besides, children today tend to master one or two sports instead of participating in several as was common twenty-five years ago," Wilmore says. "That means they start concentrating on a sport much earlier and more intensely (密集地), and they become much better at it." "Thereˈs a lot we donˈt know yet about the human body," he adds. "And one of those things is the full range of human potential. It would be foolish to try and put limits on what the human body can do." 24.Which of the following sentences will Wilmore probably agree with? A. Athletes will become the most famous people. B. It is preferable to set universal standards for athletes. C. It is necessary for athletes to learn the limits of the body. D. Athletes will continue to surprise us with their achievements. 25.Why are Roger Bannister and Bob Beamon mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To introduce two great athletes. B. To show some of the latest world records. C. To prove the limits of the body can be pushed. D. To explain what athletes can achieve under stress. 26.What does the underlined word "esteemed" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Valued. B. Similar. C. Traditional. D. Difficult. 27.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of sports records broken by well-known athletes over time. B. The differences between present-day athletes and those in earlier times. C. How sports psychology works to help athletes enhance their performance. D. Human bodyˈs potential can keep expanding with better training and support. Passage 5 阅读七选五 Spring and summer are the best seasons of the year for lots of activities, especially jogging. This kind of running is the choice of many people who live in the city, work in the office and want to keep healthy.   28   ·Make good preparations before jogging.    29   There, youˈll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sportswear. Pay attention to the selection of jogging shoes, if you donˈt want to suffer from the feeling of heavyness, pain and leg swelling after the run. With all these pieces of wisdom, your body will be truly grateful to you. ·Do fitting warming-up activities. Every runner, especially the beginners should know that all physical activities without proper warming-up can cause a terrible pain and result in harm to muscles. It will probably lead to a final discomfort in your body or even disease.  30    Actually, it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body. ·   31   When running, you usually feel physical and mental pleasure. Sometimes this pleasure can be replaced by negative feelings or even some kind of pain. No matter how healthy youˈre, you should always pay attention to how your body reacts. If something is wrong during your jog or run, the body will certainly let you know by giving you some hints (暗示). Watchfulness can help you avoid all possible after-effects of over exercise. Every type of sport is special and useful in its own way. While jogging can sometimes bring pain and discomfort, it really offers you greater joy and satisfaction. So donˈt step back.    32      I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid any serious issues. A．Listen to your body signals. B．Never give in to difficulties while jogging. C．However, jogging without preparation will bring great harm. D．One of the best ways to prepare is to go to specialized shops. E．Just go in for jogging, but remember to follow the above rules. F．Therefore, you should make it a habit to warm up before jogging. G．Here are some basic rules to make jogging safe, useful and comfortable. Passage 6 篇章语法填空 Walking for at least 10 or 15 minutes at 33          time might benefit health and longevity than spreading steps across multiple short walks, a study suggests. It examined 34         daily step patterns and step counts are associated with the risks of heart disease and early death. The data showed that middle-aged and 35           (old) people who walked for 15 continuous minutes or more were about half as likely to develop heart disease 36             those who seldom did. Those walking longer were also less likely to die during the years-long study from any cause. To explore this, the scientists drew records for 33,560 men and women, mostly in their   37            (sixty). Participants provided 38             (extend) medical information, and many   39             (wear) an activity tracker for a week. 40             (group) by longest daily walk duration (≤5 mins, 10 mins, ≥15 mins), subjects were followed for about a decade via health records. The results were consistent. Those whoˈd walked for 15 continuous minutes or more had the lowest risks of heart attacks and early death in  41             (compare) to people taking closer to 8,000 steps daily. The effects were most pronounced in less frequent walkers. That is, if those   42             (rare) walked but sometimes walked longer, they got more out of those longer walks than people generally walking more. So, just walk more. To maximize benefits of your daily steps, walk a bit longer sometimes. Passage 7 阅读理解 Tai chi is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. Now, new research suggests compared with vigorous aerobic（有氧的）workout, itˈs better for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension（高血压前期）. In a new study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two groups. The average age of the participants was 49. Roughly half the people participated in guided aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs, and cycling. The other half of the people were trained to practice tai chi. Both groups got hour-long sessions four times a week. After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. Whatˈs more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range, compared with nearly 16% of people in the aerobic exercise group. And fewer participants in the tai chi group went on to develop hypertension than in the aerobic exercise group. So how does tai chi help lower blood pressure? “The practice tends to stimulate more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system（副交感神经系统）or PNS for short,” says Ruth Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona College of Nursing. The PNS is the network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger. “The PNS helps us relax, and I think it is the response that lowers blood pressure,” says Taylor-Piliae. “I think itˈs also the meditative quality of tai chi.” The practice is appealing as a form of exercise because it requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you donˈt have to own a special gym membership; you donˈt have to buy special clothing,” Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anywhere. And it does provide that calming, relaxing effect.” 43.What is the main focus of the research in the text? A. The impact of prehypertension on health. B. The benefits of aerobic exercise for health. C. The effect of tai chi on lowering blood pressure. D. The role of the PNS in exercise. 44.What can we infer about the study from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3? A. The tai chi group gained more benefits. B. Participants were adults chosen at random. C. Age and gender were taken into consideration. D. The aerobic exercise group hardly developed hypertension. 45.Which is the key factor in tai chiˈs impact on blood pressure according to Taylor-Piliae? A. The response from the PNS. B. Increased intensity of exercise. C. Activation of the nervous system. D. Requirements of special equipment for practice. 46.What does Taylor-Piliae think of tai chi? A. Costly. B. Convenient. C. Instructive. D. Demanding. 迁移应用篇 一、根据要求完成句子 1.48.我强烈建议你在考试前好好休息，因为保持头脑清醒是明智的。(make sense) I strongly advise you to have a good rest before exams, because______________________________. 2.我真的希望你能调节你的情绪，不要假装每天都很快乐。 I really hope you can adjust your mood and______________________________________________. 3.即使你周围没有其他人，你也不能懒惰。（even if引导让步状语从句） You canˈt be lazy_________________________________________________________________ . 4.我注意到，你最近似乎很累且很焦虑。（sb./sth. seems/seemed +动词不定式） I have noticed that_______________________________________________and worried recently. 5.一个小小的善举能给需要帮助的人产生巨大的影响。 A small act of kindness ________________________________________________those in need. 二、应用文写作 定你是李华，目前在新西兰一所中学做交换生，你所在班级的学生对中国学校开展体育运动的情况很感兴趣。请你写一篇发言稿，介绍你校的运动场所、主要的体育活动和你喜欢的运动项目。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) ； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone! It is my honour to introduce something about the physical exercise in my school.____________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thatˈs all. Thank you! $Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 No Childhood obesity has been increasing in recent years. For a long time, the main ways to prevent it have focused on encouraging healthy eating and regular physical activity. Now, researchers at Yale suggest another important factor should be added: reducing stress in parents. A research team led by Yale psychologist Rajita Sinha found that lowering parental stress may help reduce the risk of obesity in young children. “It’s the third leg of the stool,” Sinha said. “We already knew that stress can be a big contributor. The surprise was that when parents handled stress better, their parenting improved, and their young child’s obesity risk went down.” To explore this, researchers conducted a 12-week study with 114 parents. All had children between two and five years old who were overweight. Parents were placed in one of two groups. One group took part in a program called Parenting Mindfully for Health (PMH). It taught mindfulness and self-control skills, along with guidance on healthy nutrition and physical activity. The other group received only counseling on nutrition and exercise. During the program, researchers recorded parent stress levels and measured the children’s weight. By the end of the study, only the PMH group showed lower parent stress, improved parenting, and less unhealthy eating in their children. Three months later, these children did not show significant weight gain. In the control group, parents did not experience these improvements. Their children gained more weight and were six times more likely to fall into a higher obesity risk category. “The combination of mindfulness and behavioral self-regulation, together with healthy nutrition and physical activity, seemed to protect young children from some negative effects of stress on weight gain,” Sinha explained. The findings suggest that helping parents manage stress could be a valuable new way to fight childhood obesity. 【全文翻译】 近年来，儿童肥胖问题日益严重。长期以来，预防儿童肥胖的主要手段都聚焦于倡导健康饮食与规律体育锻炼。如今，耶鲁大学的研究人员提出，还应当纳入另一重要影响因素：缓解父母的压力。 由耶鲁大学心理学家拉吉塔·辛哈带领的研究团队发现，减轻父母的压力有助于降低幼儿患上肥胖症的风险。“这是支撑问题的第三根支柱。”辛哈说道，“我们早已知道压力是一大诱因。令人意外的是，当父母能够更好地应对压力时，育儿方式会得到改善，幼儿的肥胖风险也随之下降。” 为探究这一结论，研究人员开展了一项为期12周的实验，共有114名家长参与，他们的孩子年龄在2至5岁之间，且均属于超重儿童。这些家长被分为两组。其中一组参与名为“健康正念育儿（PMH）”的项目，该项目教授正念训练与自我控制技巧，同时提供健康营养和体育锻炼方面的指导。另一组仅接受营养与运动相关咨询。项目开展期间，研究人员记录家长的压力水平，并测量孩子们的体重。 研究结束时，只有“健康正念育儿（PMH）”项目组的家长压力有所降低、育儿方式得到改善，孩子不健康饮食的情况有所减少。三个月后，这些孩子的体重没有出现明显增长。而对照组的家长没有获得上述改善，他们的孩子体重增加更多，患上更高等级肥胖症的概率高出六倍。 辛哈解释道：“正念训练与行为自我调节相结合，再辅以健康膳食与体育运动，似乎能够保护幼儿，削弱压力对体重增长造成的部分负面影响。”这项研究表明，帮助家长调节压力，或许是攻克儿童肥胖问题一条极具价值的新路径。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. childhood obesity 儿童肥胖 2. regular physical activity 规律体育锻炼 3. researcher n. 研究者 4. parental stress 父母压力 5. reduce the risk of 降低……的风险 6. contributor n. 促成因素；贡献者 7. conduct a study 开展一项研究 8. overweight adj. 超重的 9. mindfulness n. 正念；专注力 10. self-control 自控力 11. nutrition n. 营养 12. counseling n. 咨询指导 13. control group 对照组 14. significant weight gain 明显的体重增长 15. behavioral self-regulation 行为自我调节 16. protect…from… 保护……免受…… 17. negative effects 负面影响 18. findings n.（复数）研究发现 19. manage stress 调节压力 20. valuable adj. 有价值的 【长难句分析】 1.For a long time, the main ways to prevent it have focused on encouraging healthy eating and regular physical activity. Now, researchers at Yale suggest another important factor should be added: reducing stress in parents. 句意：长期以来，预防儿童肥胖的主要方式都侧重于倡导健康饮食与规律运动。如今耶鲁大学研究人员提出，还需要加入另一重要因素：缓解父母的压力。 分析：主干：the main ways have focused on…；to prevent it 不定式作后置定语修饰ways；focus on 后接并列动名词短语 encouraging… and (having)…；suggest 后面接宾语从句，省略引导词that。 2.The combination of mindfulness and behavioral self-regulation, together with healthy nutrition and physical activity, seemed to protect young children from some negative effects of stress on weight gain. 句意：：正念训练与行为自我调节相结合，再搭配健康营养与运动，似乎能够保护幼儿，减轻压力对体重增长带来的部分负面影响。 分析：主语：The combination of A and B；together with… 介词短语，不影响谓语单复数；seemed to do...为谓语，表示“似乎......”;固定搭配 protect sb. from sth. 保护某人免受某事伤害。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 阅读理解 It can be incredibly difficult to encourage ourselves to go for a run during winter, particularly when itˈs wet and windy outside. But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits. In fact, it seems that just a 10-minute session will not only make us feel better, but actually improve brain health as well. Now, we all know that exercise can improve mental and physical health in many ways. But when it comes to mental well-being, thereˈs been relatively little research done on the specific benefits of running, compared with other physical activities, such as cycling. So this was something put to the test during a recent study. Researchers from the University of Tsukuba in Japan asked participants to run on a treadmill for just 10 minutes. They then had to take the Stroop Color and Word Test which is used to measure the response time in brain processing. Results showed there was the highest point in self-reported pleasure and an increase in degree of activity of the brain. In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain thatˈs associated with dealing with functions and controlling moods（情绪）. Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling, which also showed improved cognition（认知）, but no mood improvement. Therefore, it seems that various types of exercise can make us feel different. The authors noted, “Given that exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well.” So pushing ourselves to get outside for a run really will make us feel better, probably more than other physical activities. And these findings show that we donˈt necessarily need to do a lot of exercise to feel the benefit of it. 1.What has the new research found? A. Running fast benefits all of us. B. Running is the best exercise. C. A short-time run can be beneficial. D. A healthy mind encourages us to run. 2.How did the researchers get the result? A. By using different drugs on participants. B. By interviewing some sportsmen. C. By collecting information on the Internet. D. By doing experiments and making comparisons. 3.Which of the following is related to our happiness? A. Cycling. B. Medicine. C. A part of the brain. D. Color. 4.What is the main idea of the text? A. We should go for a run in winter. B. Running really benefits us mentally. C. We donˈt need a lot of exercise. D. Running on a treadmill is better than running outside. 【答案】1.C 2. D 3. C 4.B 【解析】语篇解读  本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，即使是短时间的跑步也有益于人们的健康。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits.”可知，新研究发现，短时间的跑步是有益的。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Researchers from... asked participants to run on a treadmill for just 10 minutes... measure the response time in brain processing.”以及第三段中的“Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling”可知，研究人员是通过做实验和对比来获得实验结果的。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain thatˈs associated with dealing with functions and controlling moods”可知，大脑中的一个部位和控制情绪有关，即与我们的快乐有关。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，本文主要介绍了一项科学研究。这项研究发现，跑步对精神健康十分有益。故选B。 Passage 2 阅读理解 The global use of streaming media has provided fans of niche sports (小众体育) with easy access to international sports programs, and for followers of traditional major sports, a way to get to know niche sports. The increase of viewership platforms in the digital age has enabled many fans to explore their favorite niche sports deeper, while others actively discover new sports to follow and enjoy. Accordingly, fan clubs for niche sports have been growing. Among the most noticeable developments in recent years that catch the fansˈ attention is the rise of niche sports leagues (联盟). They attract thousands of fans to watch their games, and their television viewers reach millions. Given how quickly sports followers warm up to the leagues, everyone seems to know about them, which brings up some questions—who are watching these games and what makes a niche sports fan? According to a recent Global Web Index report on niche sports followers, a niche sports fan is a person who follows or watches at least five niche sports leagues or events. More than half of niche sports fans fall within the 25—44 age range. They are excited about the sports content shown on streaming media, and are more likely to pay for such services compared to the general population. And they present a higher likelihood of using many kinds of second screens in sports seasons, including laptops, smartwatches, and smartphones. Pickleball (匹克球) is a great example of a niche sport that has developed from a relatively unknown activity to a US national passion. So, what will the next pickleball be? Managing Director Peter Cosco from Isos Growth Advisory, a sports investment company, said, "Technological advancement helps fans get involved in sports, but it doesnˈt make it certain. Developing fan love for a new sport, especially a niche one, takes careful management of resources, a well thought-out plan, good relationships with the right people, and the ˈplayˈ factor. That is, is it fun to play and fun to watch?" 5.What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. More people are aware of sportsˈ benefits. B. Technology is helpful in niche sportsˈ popularity. C. Fans have a positive effect on sports development. D. Sports platforms have made huge economic gains recently. 6.Why is the rise of niche sports leagues mentioned? A. To explain why streaming media is not needed. B. To prove they have the largest number of live viewers. C. To lead to questions about niche sports viewers and fans. D. To show they are more popular than major sports leagues. 7.What is a characteristic of niche sports fans? A. They are from a fixed age group. B. They are socially disconnected in daily life. C. They are highly dependent on digital services. D. They are willing to watch sports on single devices. 8.What does Peter Cosco think is necessary for the success of next Pickleball? A. Technological development. B. A lot of advertising through social media. C. Strict rules and professional training for leagues. D. Careful management and wide enjoyment. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7.C 8.D 【解析】5.段落大意题。根据第一段可知，本段核心内容是流媒体和数字平台的发展让小众体育更容易被接触，推动了其普及和粉丝群体增长，即科技有助于小众体育的流行。故选B。 6.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Given how quickly sports followers warm up to the leagues, everyone seems to know about them, which brings up some questions—who are watching these games and what makes a niche sports fan?”可推知，提及小众体育联盟的兴起是为了引出关于小众体育观众和粉丝的疑问。故选C。 7.细节理解题。根据第三段中“They are excited about the sports content shown on streaming media, and are more likely to pay for such services compared to the general population. And they present a higher likelihood of using many kinds of second screens in sports seasons, including laptops, smartwatches, and smartphones.”可知，小众体育粉丝更可能为流媒体服务付费且更倾向使用多种电子设备，说明他们高度依赖数字服务。故选C。 8.推理判断题。根据最后一段中Peter Cosco所说的“Developing fan love for a new sport, especially a niche one, takes careful management of resources, a well thought-out plan, good relationships with the right people, and the ‘playˈ factor. That is, is it fun to play and fun to watch?”可推知，Peter Cosco认为精心的管理和广泛的趣味性是下一个“匹克球”成功的必要条件。故选D。 Passage 3 完形填空 My sister Lily decided to take up cycling to get fit after years of a sedentary office job. I wholeheartedly  9   her decision, knowing how important it was for her well-being. To show my support, I bought her a nice pair of cycling gloves and signed up for a local 20-mile cycling event with her. As we gathered at the starting point on that sunny but breezy morning, we   10   our bikes nervously, checking the gears and brakes one last time. "Are you sure you wonˈt get annoyed if I   11   a bit slower?" she asked, her eyes filled with a mix of excitement and worry. She had only started   12   weekends a month ago. "Of course not," I reassured her with a smile. When the starting horn   13  , Lily pedaled off steadily. At first, I stayed right beside her, chatting and enjoying the scenery. But as the road opened up and the wind seemed to push me forward, my competitive side took over. I gradually   14    my speed, thinking she would catch up. After a few miles, I looked back, and Lily was no longer in my line of sight. I kept going, pushing myself harder, and crossed the finish line in a   15   time of just under an hour. I felt a rush of pride, despite not having trained intensively. Lily arrived at the finish line almost twenty minutes later, her face red and tired. She was clearly  16  , feeling that she had let me down. I couldnˈt believe she thought that way. I gave her a big hug and told her how proud I was of her for even finishing the race. Determined to improve, Lily made a plan. She decided to cycle to work three times a week and   17   to participate in more cycling events. I watched her   18   early in the morning, even when it was foggy or drizzling. I saw her face strong headwinds and deal with flat tires on the  19   country roads. There were times when she was   20   by steep hills and wanted to give up, but she never did. Finally, the day of the big regional cycling race came. This time, I made up my mind to stay with her. We pedaled side by side, encouraging each other. When we were about to reach the finish line, Lily found some extra strength and   21   ahead. She crossed the line just a few seconds before me, her eyes shining with joy and  22  . She had not only overcome her own self-doubt but also achieved a goal she once thought was impossible. Her  23   legs from hours of cycling didnˈt seem to bother her at all; all that mattered was the sense of accomplishment she felt. 9. A. questioned B. understood C. backed D. ignored 10. A. examined B. cleaned C. rode D. parked 11. A. run B. cycle C. drive D. walk 12. A. practicing B. competing C. traveling D. resting 13. A. blew B. rang C. disappeared D. broke 14. A. maintained B. reduced C. increased D. measured 15. A. disappointing B. average C. ordinary D. remarkable 16. A. happy B. embarrassed C. angry D. relaxed 17. A. aimed B. agreed C. pretended D. happened 18. A. set out B. turn back C. give up D. slow down 19. A. crowded B. smooth C. lonely D. busy 20. A. frightened B. challenged C. attracted D. guided 21. A. looked B. fell C. rushed D. stayed 22. A. pride B. surprise C. relief D. fear 23. A. long B. thin C. strong D. sore 【答案】9. C 10. A 11.B 12. A 13. B 14.C 15. D 16.B 17.A 18. A 19. C 20.B 21.C 22. A 23. D 【解析】语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者支持姐姐莉莉通过骑自行车改善健康并参加比赛的故事。莉莉坚持不懈训练，最终在区域大赛中超越自我，实现了当初认为不可能的目标。 9.根据后文“knowing how important it was for her wellbeing”可知，作者知道骑自行车对姐姐的健康很重要，所以作者是支持姐姐这个决定的。故选C。 10.根据后文“ checking the gears and brakes one last time”可知，此处指最后一次检查齿轮和刹车。故选A。 11.根据前文“ I bought her a nice pair of cycling gloves and signed up for a local 20-mile cycling event with her”可知，此处指和姐姐一起参加自行车比赛，所以此处指骑得慢一点。故选B。 12.根据前文“My sister Lily decided to take up cycling to get fit”及后文“on weekends a month ago”可知，此处指姐姐为了身体健康，一个月前才开始在周末练习骑自行车。故选A。 13.根据后文“ Lily pedaled off steadily”可知，此处指起跑的号角响了，莉莉开始骑自行车。故选B。 14.根据后文“thinking she would catch up”及“After a few miles, I looked back, and Lily was no longer in my line of sight”可知，此处指作者加快了速度，以为姐姐会追上来。故选C。 15.根据后文“just under an hour”及“I felt a rush of pride, despite not having trained intensively”可知，此处指尽管作者的训练强度不大，但她却以不到一个小时的惊人时间完成了比赛。故选D。 16.根据后文“feeling that she had let me down”可知，此处指莉莉觉得自己让作者失望了，所以感到很尴尬。故选B。 17.根据前文“Determined to improve, Lily made a plan”可知，莉莉为了提高自己制定了计划，此处指她打算参加更多的自行车比赛。故选A。 18.根据后文“early in the morning, even when it was foggy or drizzling”可知，此处指莉莉很早就出发去骑自行车上班，即使是在天气不好的时候。故选A。 19.根据前文“ face strong headwinds and deal with flat tires”及后文“country roads”可知，此处指在偏僻的乡村道路上骑自行车会遇到很多困难。故选C。 20.根据后文“ by steep hills and wanted to give up, but she never did”可知，此处指有时陡峭的山坡会给莉莉带来挑战，但她从未放弃。故选B。 21.根据后文“ahead”及“She crossed the line just a few seconds before me”可知，此处指快要到达终点时，莉莉找到了一些额外的力量，向前冲去。故选C。 22.  根据前文“her eyes shining with joy”及后文“She had not only overcome her own self-doubt but also achieved a goal she once thought was impossible.”可知，莉莉不仅克服了自我怀疑，还实现了自己曾经认为不可能实现的目标，所以她眼里闪烁着喜悦和自豪的光芒。故选A。 23.根据后文“ from hours of cycling”可知，此处指莉莉骑了几个小时的自行车，腿很疼。故选D。 Passage 4 阅读理解 What are the limits of the human body? Is there a point at which it is physically impossible to do something? "One thing weˈve all learned in the last 30 years or so is that just about anything is humanly possible," says Dr. Jack Wilmore, author of Physiology (生理学) of Sport and Exercise. "As time goes by, I think youˈll see more records continue to fall in every sport. The talent pool is better than ever. With more and better athletes involved and competing, records will fall and new standards will be set." Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches, but even his record was broken in 1991. One factor is now becoming more understood and popular: sports psychology (心理学). Getting inside the athleteˈs head can be as effective as training and long workouts. According to Wilmore, the psychological aspect of sports has become more and more esteemed. He points out that most professional teams have hired (聘用) sports psychologists for their players. In addition, every aspect of athletics—training, nutrition, injury treatment—is far better than itˈs ever been. "Besides, children today tend to master one or two sports instead of participating in several as was common twenty-five years ago," Wilmore says. "That means they start concentrating on a sport much earlier and more intensely (密集地), and they become much better at it." "Thereˈs a lot we donˈt know yet about the human body," he adds. "And one of those things is the full range of human potential. It would be foolish to try and put limits on what the human body can do." 24.Which of the following sentences will Wilmore probably agree with? A. Athletes will become the most famous people. B. It is preferable to set universal standards for athletes. C. It is necessary for athletes to learn the limits of the body. D. Athletes will continue to surprise us with their achievements. 25.Why are Roger Bannister and Bob Beamon mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To introduce two great athletes. B. To show some of the latest world records. C. To prove the limits of the body can be pushed. D. To explain what athletes can achieve under stress. 26.What does the underlined word "esteemed" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Valued. B. Similar. C. Traditional. D. Difficult. 27.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of sports records broken by well-known athletes over time. B. The differences between present-day athletes and those in earlier times. C. How sports psychology works to help athletes enhance their performance. D. Human bodyˈs potential can keep expanding with better training and support. 【答案】24.D 25. C 26.A 27.D 【解析】24.推理判断题。根据第二段“‘One thing weˈve all learned in the last 30 years or so is that just about anything is humanly possible,ˈ says Dr. Jack Wilmore…‘ As time goes by, I think youˈll see more records continue to fall in every sport… records will fall and new standards will be set.ˈ”可知，威尔莫尔认为人类潜能近乎无限，体育纪录将持续被突破，所以他可能会认同“运动员的成就会不断带来惊喜”。故选D项。 25.推理判断题。根据第三段“Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954… And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches…”可知，提及这两位运动员是为了证明人类身体的极限可以被不断突破。故选C项。 26.词义猜测题。根据画线词前“One factor is now becoming more understood and popular: sports psychology (心理学).”和画线词后“He points out that most professional teams have hired (聘用) sports psychologists for their players.”可知，体育心理学的重要性被广泛认可，职业球队纷纷聘请相关专家，因此esteemed意为“受重视的、被珍视的”。故选A项。 27.主旨大意题。首段“What are the limits of the human body? Is there a point at which it is physically impossible to do something?”通过提问的方式引出主题，下文介绍体育心理学的应用、训练、营养等各方面条件的改善对人类身体潜能的影响，人类潜能可以不断被发掘，身体极限持续被突破，因此D项“人类的身体潜能随着更好的训练和支持不断拓展”能概括全文主旨。故选D项。 Passage 5 阅读七选五 Spring and summer are the best seasons of the year for lots of activities, especially jogging. This kind of running is the choice of many people who live in the city, work in the office and want to keep healthy.   28   ·Make good preparations before jogging.    29   There, youˈll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sportswear. Pay attention to the selection of jogging shoes, if you donˈt want to suffer from the feeling of heavyness, pain and leg swelling after the run. With all these pieces of wisdom, your body will be truly grateful to you. ·Do fitting warming-up activities. Every runner, especially the beginners should know that all physical activities without proper warming-up can cause a terrible pain and result in harm to muscles. It will probably lead to a final discomfort in your body or even disease.  30    Actually, it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body. ·   31   When running, you usually feel physical and mental pleasure. Sometimes this pleasure can be replaced by negative feelings or even some kind of pain. No matter how healthy youˈre, you should always pay attention to how your body reacts. If something is wrong during your jog or run, the body will certainly let you know by giving you some hints (暗示). Watchfulness can help you avoid all possible after-effects of over exercise. Every type of sport is special and useful in its own way. While jogging can sometimes bring pain and discomfort, it really offers you greater joy and satisfaction. So donˈt step back.    32      I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid any serious issues. A．Listen to your body signals. B．Never give in to difficulties while jogging. C．However, jogging without preparation will bring great harm. D．One of the best ways to prepare is to go to specialized shops. E．Just go in for jogging, but remember to follow the above rules. F．Therefore, you should make it a habit to warm up before jogging. G．Here are some basic rules to make jogging safe, useful and comfortable. 【答案】28.G 29. D 30.F 31.A 32.E 【解析】28.根据上文“Spring and summer are the best seasons of the year for lots of activities, especially jogging. This kind of running is the choice of many people who live in the city, work in the office and want to keep healthy.”以及下文列举的三条慢跑相关规则可知，G项（以下是一些让慢跑安全、有效且舒适的基本规则）既承接上文的慢跑话题，又总领下文内容，符合语境。故选G。 29.根据上文小标题“Make good preparations before jogging.”以及下文“There, Iˈll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sportswear.”可知，此处需介绍具体的准备方法，D项（最好的准备方法之一是去专门的商店）中的prepare呼应小标题，specialized shops与下文的There及“find and buy all the necessary sportswear”相衔接，符合语境。故选D项。 30.根据上文“Every runner, especially the beginners should know that all physical activities without proper warming-up can cause a terrible pain and result in harm to muscles…”以及下文“Actually, it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body.”可知，此处强调热身的必要性，F项（因此，你应该养成慢跑前热身的习惯）中的Therefore承接上文无热身的危害，warm up呼应上下文的热身话题，符合语境。故选F项。 31. 根据下文“When running, you usually feel physical and mental pleasure… If something is wrong during your jog or run, the body will certainly let you know by giving you some hints. (暗示).”可知，本段核心是关注身体的反应和暗示，A项（倾听你的身体信号）能概括本段主旨，适合作为本段小标题。故选A项。 32.根据上文“While jogging can sometimes bring pain and discomfort, it really offers you greater joy and satisfaction. So donˈt step back.”以及下文“I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid any serious issues.”可知，此处需鼓励坚持慢跑并遵守上述规则，E项(尽管去慢跑吧，但要记住遵守上述规则)既呼应上文的“不要退缩”，又衔接下文的技巧总结，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 6 篇章语法填空 Walking for at least 10 or 15 minutes at 33          time might benefit health and longevity than spreading steps across multiple short walks, a study suggests. It examined 34         daily step patterns and step counts are associated with the risks of heart disease and early death. The data showed that middle-aged and 35           (old) people who walked for 15 continuous minutes or more were about half as likely to develop heart disease 36             those who seldom did. Those walking longer were also less likely to die during the years-long study from any cause. To explore this, the scientists drew records for 33,560 men and women, mostly in their   37            (sixty). Participants provided 38             (extend) medical information, and many   39             (wear) an activity tracker for a week. 40             (group) by longest daily walk duration (≤5 mins, 10 mins, ≥15 mins), subjects were followed for about a decade via health records. The results were consistent. Those whoˈd walked for 15 continuous minutes or more had the lowest risks of heart attacks and early death in  41             (compare) to people taking closer to 8,000 steps daily. The effects were most pronounced in less frequent walkers. That is, if those   42             (rare) walked but sometimes walked longer, they got more out of those longer walks than people generally walking more. So, just walk more. To maximize benefits of your daily steps, walk a bit longer sometimes. 【答案】33.a 34.how 35. older 36.as 37. sixties 38. extensive 39. wore 40. Grouped 41.comparison 42. rarely 【解析】33.一项研究表明，每次连续步行至少10到15分钟比将步数分散为多次短时步行更有益于健康和长寿，尤其是连续步行15分钟以上能显著降低心脏病风险和早逝概率。 考查冠词。结合语境“每次步行至少10—15分钟”，此处为短语at a time（每次；一次）。 34. 考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，但缺少“如何、以何种方式”的连接词。how引导宾语从句时，可表“方式、程度”。 35. 考查形容词比较级。空前为middle-aged，并列连词and连接并列形容词修饰people，结合语境“中老年人”，需用old的比较级older。 36.考查固定句型。空前为“half as likely to develop heart disease（患心脏病的概率是……的一半）”，结合后文“those who seldom did（很少连续步行15分钟的人）”，固定句型为“倍数+ as +形容词原级+ as...”，表示“与……相比是……的几倍”，表“连续步行15分钟以上的人患心脏病的概率是很少这样做的人的一半”。 37.考查数词。空前为in their，结合括号提示词sixty，需用其复数形式sixties，构成短语in oneˈs sixties（在某人六十多岁时）。 38.考查词形转换。空后为名词medical information（医疗信息），需填形容词作定语修饰该名词，extend对应的形容词形式为extensive（广泛的；详尽的）。 39.考查动词的时态。文章整体描述过去的研究过程，时态为一般过去时。空前主语many（指代many participants），并列连词and连接前后两个谓语动词，时态一致，故填wore。 40.考查非谓语动词。空后主句主语为 subjects（研究对象），空处动词group（分组）与主语subjects为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词grouped作状语，表“根据每日最长步行时长被分组”。 41.考查词形转换。空前为介词in，空后为介词to，需填名词构成固定短语in comparison to（与……相比），表对比关系。 42. 考查词形转换。空后为动词walked，需填副词rarely修饰该动词作状语。 Passage 7 阅读理解 Tai chi is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. Now, new research suggests compared with vigorous aerobic（有氧的）workout, itˈs better for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension（高血压前期）. In a new study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two groups. The average age of the participants was 49. Roughly half the people participated in guided aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs, and cycling. The other half of the people were trained to practice tai chi. Both groups got hour-long sessions four times a week. After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. Whatˈs more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range, compared with nearly 16% of people in the aerobic exercise group. And fewer participants in the tai chi group went on to develop hypertension than in the aerobic exercise group. So how does tai chi help lower blood pressure? “The practice tends to stimulate more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system（副交感神经系统）or PNS for short,” says Ruth Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona College of Nursing. The PNS is the network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger. “The PNS helps us relax, and I think it is the response that lowers blood pressure,” says Taylor-Piliae. “I think itˈs also the meditative quality of tai chi.” The practice is appealing as a form of exercise because it requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you donˈt have to own a special gym membership; you donˈt have to buy special clothing,” Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anywhere. And it does provide that calming, relaxing effect.” 43.What is the main focus of the research in the text? A. The impact of prehypertension on health. B. The benefits of aerobic exercise for health. C. The effect of tai chi on lowering blood pressure. D. The role of the PNS in exercise. 44.What can we infer about the study from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3? A. The tai chi group gained more benefits. B. Participants were adults chosen at random. C. Age and gender were taken into consideration. D. The aerobic exercise group hardly developed hypertension. 45.Which is the key factor in tai chiˈs impact on blood pressure according to Taylor-Piliae? A. The response from the PNS. B. Increased intensity of exercise. C. Activation of the nervous system. D. Requirements of special equipment for practice. 46.What does Taylor-Piliae think of tai chi? A. Costly. B. Convenient. C. Instructive. D. Demanding. 【答案】43.C 44. A 45. A 46. B 【解析】语篇解读  研究发现太极拳比剧烈的有氧运动更能降低高血压前期人群的血压。文章详细介绍了研究过程、结果以及太极拳有助于降低血压的原因，并强调了太极拳作为锻炼方式的便利性和普适性。 43. 细节题。根据第1段中的“Now, new research suggests compared with vigorous aerobic workout, itˈs better for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension.”可知，研究的焦点是太极拳在降低血压方面的影响。 44. 推断题。根据第2段和第3段内容可推知，太极拳组获得了更多的益处。 45. 细节题。根据第4段和第5段Taylor-Piliae的说法可知，太极拳对血压产生影响的关键因素来自副交感神经系统的反应。 46. 推断题。根据最后一段中的I think the beauty of tai chi is that you donˈt have to own a special gym membership和you donˈt have to buy special clothing，以及“Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anywhere.”可推知，Taylor-Piliae认为太极拳具有便利性。 迁移应用篇 一、根据要求完成句子 1.48.我强烈建议你在考试前好好休息，因为保持头脑清醒是明智的。(make sense) I strongly advise you to have a good rest before exams, because______________________________. 2.我真的希望你能调节你的情绪，不要假装每天都很快乐。 I really hope you can adjust your mood and______________________________________________. 3.即使你周围没有其他人，你也不能懒惰。（even if引导让步状语从句） You canˈt be lazy_________________________________________________________________ . 4.我注意到，你最近似乎很累且很焦虑。（sb./sth. seems/seemed +动词不定式） I have noticed that_______________________________________________and worried recently. 5.一个小小的善举能给需要帮助的人产生巨大的影响。 A small act of kindness ________________________________________________those in need. 【答案】1.it makes sense to keep a clear mind 2. donˈt pretend to be happy every day 3. even if no one else is around 4. you seem to be very tired 5. will make a big difference to 二、应用文写作 定你是李华，目前在新西兰一所中学做交换生，你所在班级的学生对中国学校开展体育运动的情况很感兴趣。请你写一篇发言稿，介绍你校的运动场所、主要的体育活动和你喜欢的运动项目。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) ； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone! It is my honour to introduce something about the physical exercise in my school.____________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thatˈs all. Thank you! 参考范文： Hello, everyone! It is my honour to introduce something about the physical exercise in my school. My school has excellent outdoor field for various sports such as football and track and field events. Besides, we have a stadium where we can play basketball and volleyball. Every year, we have inter-class matches, sports meetings, and also participate in inter-school sports competitions. My favourite sport is basketball. I enjoy the fast-paced nature of the game and the teamwork involved. Playing basketball helps me stay fit both physically and mentally. I sincerely invite you to visit my school and join in the sports we both like. Thatˈs all. Thank you! $