Unit 1 Back to School 培优提能练（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册学习笔记（译林版·新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦高中英语阅读理解与语言应用，通过分层题型训练系统提升语言能力与思维品质，方法提炼与知识逻辑紧密结合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |主题语篇阅读|8题（2篇说明文）|细节定位、词义猜测（上下文语境）、主旨归纳（全文结构）|从具体信息理解到深层含义推断，培养信息筛选与逻辑分析能力| |七选五阅读|5题（说明文）|段落衔接（目标句与上下文逻辑）|通过篇章结构分析，提升语篇连贯思维与信息补全能力| |完形填空|15题（夹叙夹议文）|语境词义辨析、上下文逻辑推理|依托故事情节发展，强化语境理解与词汇应用能力| |语法填空|10题（说明文）|词形转换（名/动/副）、从句引导词、固定搭配|从语法规则到语用表达，构建语法知识与语境应用的逻辑链|

作业6　培优提能练 [分值：62.5分] Ⅰ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·云南临沧高一上期中) Physical education，or gym class，isn’t required for all high school students.In some schools，it isn’t offered for some different reasons.But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”． Today many people don’t do sports.But as is known to all，doing sports is very important for an adult.Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult. High school isn’t that easy.Many students are under a lot of stress.Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life.Doing sports can help them deal with stress better，helping them live a happier life at school. The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity(肥胖症)．Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around，such as video games and computer activities，means many teens don’t get their required exercise.Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activities and help teens have healthy weights. Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes towards treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes，according to the American College of Sports Medicine. According to the President’s Council on Fitness，Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN)，students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance.Students from programs with no physical activity，who used the extra time for classroom study，did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生为什么应该接受体育教育。 1．According to paragraph 2，what does physical education in high school mean? A．Helping teens learn to make good plans. B．Making teens think much of exercise later. C．Removing the stress faced by teens at school. D．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“But as is known to all，doing sports is...teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.”可知，高中体育教育可以帮助青少年以后更加重视锻炼。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “hindered” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Measured. B．Prevented. C．Shown. D．Caused. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前“An active lifestyle offers...of protection from these health problems”及画线词后“by lifestyle changes”可知，积极的生活方式可以避免一些健康问题的发生，即改变生活方式可以阻止疾病。hinder意为“阻碍，妨碍”。故选B。 3．What does doing sports mean according to the PCFSN? A．Helping students do better in their studies. B．Helping students make good use of all their time. C．Helping students adjust to their environment better. D．Helping students choose between sports and studies. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“According to the President’s Council on Fitness，Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN)，students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的) performance.”可知，进行体育运动意味着帮助学生在学习上取得更好的成绩。故选A。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How high school students can live a better life. B．How schools can help students love doing sports. C．Why physical education can relieve students’ stress. D．Why high school students should receive physical education. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要从体育教育能帮助青少年在成年后重视锻炼，帮助他们更好地应对压力、拥有健康的体重、预防生病、提高学习成绩方面强调体育的好处，由此说明高中生为什么应该接受体育教育。故选D。 B (2025·河北衡水高一上期中) Many high school students consider a college education useless.Therefore，they choose not to go to college.If you’re one of them，think again.Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there. Schools and universities are the first sources of knowledge.We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation.More knowledge will be gained after you start working，but without an education，that job will not be within easy reach.Knowledge leads to knowledge. While limited within the walls of the educational institutions(机构)，we openly explore other cultures of the world.We come to know that ours is not the only culture.Other cultures have valuable things to share，enriching our own at last.Education also makes us want to travel and experience various cultures，broadening our horizons. When there’s a downturn(衰退) in the economy，those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished grade school and have a limited skill set.The more education you have，the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary. When you’re skillful and knowledgeable，you get to get in touch with people of similar backgrounds and tastes.It means a good education leads to excellent networking.Good networking can benefit you a lot in your later life. A good education makes you a more interesting and confident person.You can talk about ideas and events instead of just listening to other people.An educated person doesn’t gossip(说闲话)，has a preference to discuss ideas and listens to what other people have to say. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是要上大学接受高等教育的原因及其好处。 5．Why do some students choose not to go to college according to paragraph 1? A．They can’t afford it. B．They have enough knowledge. C．They don’t realize its value. D．They are not interested in education. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many high school students consider a college education useless.Therefore，they choose not to go to college.”可知，一些学生选择不上大学是因为他们认为大学教育毫无用处，没有意识到大学教育的价值。故选C项。 6．What do we need knowledge for? A．Basing our career on. B．Understanding life better. C．Keeping in touch with people. D．Making us easy to get along with. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schools and universities are the first sources of knowledge.We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation.”可知，我们需要知识作为日后工作的基础。故选A项。 7．What will a good education help one to do when the economy is bad? A．Find a new job. B．Connect with people. C．Be a funny person. D．Enjoy various cultures. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When there’s a downturn(衰退) in the economy，those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished grade school and have a limited skill set.”可知，当经济不景气时，良好的教育更有可能可以帮助人们找到新工作。故选A项。 8．What is the best title of the text? A．Sources of Knowledge B．Disadvantages of Not Being Educated C．Benefits of Attending College D．Reasons Why People Think College Useless 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。根据全文，尤其是第一段中的“Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.”可知，本文主要介绍的是上大学接受高等教育的好处，C项“上大学的好处”概括了文章的主题，为本文最佳标题。故选C项。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) How to Be a Successful High School Student It may be hard during the high school year，but the following steps help you become a successful high school student. Set clear goals. 1 Write down what you want to achieve，whether it’s getting good grades，joining sports，or joining a club.Having clear goals helps you stay focused. Manage your time wisely.Time is valuable.Once it is spent，it is gone.Create a schedule(时间表) that includes time for studying，extra-curricular(课外的) activities，and relaxation. 2 Effective time management makes you balance(使平衡) schoolwork and personal life. 3 Keep your study materials，tasks and notes in order.Use a planner to learn of tests and projects.It helps you work well，and makes it easier to find and review important information. Ask for help when you need it.If you have difficulty in learning a subject，ask your teacher，classmates，or others for help.It’s better to ask questions and get understanding than to remain confused(困惑的)．Asking for help is a good thing to do.It shows you want to learn more. 4 This is important for being a successful student. Do not compare yourself with others.Remember，it’s not important to worry about small things.In high school，the competition is with yourself.Every day，aim to improve and learn.Don’t worry about what other people have or what they look like.In ten years，these things won’t matter at all. 5 A．Remember that school is important. B．Focus on your own journey and growth. C．Staying organized is necessary for success. D．Put your tasks in order and follow your plan. E．It also shows you are serious about your studies. F．Find a club that encourages your interests greatly. G．They are like maps that guide you on your educational journey. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文提供了成为成功的高中生的五个步骤：设定明确目标、有效管理时间、保持组织有序、主动寻求帮助、不与他人比较。 1．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Set clear goals.”可知，本空应承接上文，说明设定明确的目标的重要性，G选项能承接上文，说明了明确的目标就像求学旅途中的地图一样起着重要的引导作用，符合语境。故选G。 2．答案　D 解析　根据上文“Create a schedule(时间表) that includes time for studying，extra-curricular(课外的) activities，and relaxation.”可知，本空应承接上文，继续谈论安排和遵循计划，D选项“把你的任务安排好，按照你的计划去做”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 3．答案　C 解析　根据下文“Keep your study materials，tasks and notes in order.Use a planner to learn of tests and projects.It helps you work well，and makes it easier to find and review important information.”可知，本空应引起下文，提出保持条理的重要性，C选项“保持条理是成功的必要条件”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。 4．答案　E 解析　根据上文“Asking for help is a good thing to do.It shows you want to learn more.”可知，本空应承接上文，表明寻求帮助体现出对学业的态度，E选项“这也表明你对学习很认真”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 5．答案　B 解析　根据上文“Do not compare yourself with others.Remember，it’s not important to worry about small things.In high school，the competition is with yourself.Every day，aim to improve and learn.Don’t worry about what other people have or what they look like.”可知，本空承接上文，强调关注自身成长和自身的道路，B选项“专注于你自己的旅程和成长”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·浙江台州高一上期中) After graduation，I decided to take the gym seriously.Accompanied(陪同) by a friend，I 1 a routine of walking on the treadmill(跑步机)．I was 2 with our routine in the gym.My friend，however，became bored. One day，he suggested that we 3 an outdoor sport.I was an uncoordinated(动作不协调的) person，so I 4 his idea. But several weeks later，he managed to 5 me to step onto an outdoor racquetball(美式壁球) court.When I hit the ball，I sent it flying in every direction except the direction that I had 6 .Still，somehow，I tried hard to learn it and became 7 after constantly practicing. “We’re not getting enough 8 on the treadmill.Why not play tennis to build up our body？” suggested my friend. “Tennis? I can’t play tennis! That 9 real skills！” I firmly resisted(抵制) his new 10 . However，weeks later，I started playing tennis.After several months of painful practice，one day，as the ball came flying towards me，my racket and the ball met in what tennis players 11 as the “sweet spot”．I had 12 learned how to play tennis properly! I learned a valuable 13 from these experiences: I can do whatever I set my mind on.I just need to put in efforts，and the results will 14 .And I become quite 15 about trying new things and I’m always filled with a sense of excitement. 语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在和朋友一起锻炼时学到了宝贵的一课：作者可以做任何想做的事情。只要付诸努力，就会有回报。 1．A.quit B．changed C．started D．designed 答案　C 解析　quit停止；change改变；start开始；design设计。根据前文“I decided to take the gym seriously”可知，作者决定认真在健身房锻炼，之后开始了在跑步机上行走锻炼的日常。故选C。 2．A.content B．confident C．familiar D．careful 答案　A 解析　content满意的；confident自信的；familiar熟悉的；careful小心的。从后文“My friend，however，became bored.”的转折可知，作者对在健身房的常规锻炼是满意的。故选A。 3．A.focus on B．check in C．make up D．take up 答案　D 解析　focus on专注于；check in登记；make up编造；take up开始从事。根据空前提示“suggested”和空后的宾语“an outdoor sport”并结合后文作者进入一家户外球场可知，take up符合题意，表示开始参加一项户外运动。故选D。 4．A.revised B．supported C．refused D．admired 答案　C 解析　revise修订；support支持；refuse拒绝；admire钦佩。根据空前提示词“uncoordinated(动作不协调的)”可知，作者应该是拒绝了朋友的想法。故选C。 5．A.remind B．persuade C．request D．addict 答案　B 解析　remind提醒；persuade说服；request请求；addict使上瘾。由前文“I was an uncoordinated(动作不协调的) person，so I his idea.”可知，作者起初拒绝了朋友的开始户外活动的建议，提示词“But”表明前后句意呈转折关系，但几周之后，朋友成功说服作者去该户外场地。故选B。 6．A.wanted B．imagined C．scheduled D．arranged 答案　A 解析　want想要；imagine想象；schedule计划；arrange安排。根据前文“When I hit the ball，I sent it flying in every direction except the direction that”可知，球飞出去的方向与作者的预期不符。故选A。 7．A.fluent B．skillful C．curious D．impressive 答案　B 解析　fluent流利的；skillful熟练的；curious好奇的；impressive令人印象深刻的。根据并列连词“and”和空后内容“after constantly practicing”可知，经过持续练习后作者变得熟练了。故选B。 8．A.action B．adventure C．exercise D．time 答案　C 解析　action行动；adventure冒险；exercise锻炼；time时间。根据后文“Why not play tennis to build up our body？”可知，朋友认为在跑步机上并不能得到充分的锻炼，所以提议打网球。故选C。 9．A.requires B．explores C．improves D．includes 答案　A 解析　require需要；explore探索；improve提高；include包括。本句的主语That指打网球，结合前文的“I can’t play tennis！”可知，作者认为打网球需要真正的技巧，所以觉得自己打不了。故选A。 10．A.behaviour B．suggestion C．strategy D．goal 答案　B 解析　behaviour行为；suggestion建议；strategy策略；goal目标。根据前文“Tennis? I can’t play tennis! That real skills！”可知，作者坚决抵制朋友打网球的新建议。故选B。 11．A.doubt B．comment C．view D．express 答案　C 解析　doubt怀疑；comment评论；view看待，认为；express表达。根据前文“However，weeks later，I started playing tennis.”以及“practice”并结合常识可知，这里表达网球运动员称之为“最佳击球点”的地方。故选C。 12．A.finally B．formally C．obviously D．actually 答案　A 解析　finally最终；formally正式地；obviously明显地；actually实际上。由前文可知，经过几个月的艰苦练习，作者最终学会了正确打网球。故选A。 13．A.lecture B．responsibility C．guide D．lesson 答案　D 解析　lecture讲座；responsibility责任；guide指南，手册；lesson经验，教训。冒号后的内容解释了该空，“I can do whatever I set my mind on”是作者从这些经历中学到的经验、教训。故选D。 14．A.flash B．follow C．contact D．narrow 答案　B 解析　flash闪现；follow跟随；contact接触；narrow缩小。根据并列连词“and”和“I just need to put in efforts”可知，努力之后好的结果就会随之而来。故选B。 15．A.amazed B．angry C．confused D．positive 答案　D 解析　amazed惊喜的；angry生气的；confused困惑的；positive积极的。后文“I’m always filled with a sense of excitement”描述了作者总是充满兴奋感，结合上文作者两次尝试新的运动并获得乐趣可推知，此处指作者对尝试新鲜事物保持积极乐观的态度。故选D。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2025·广东深圳高一上期中) Situated in North China’s Shanxi Province，the Yungang Grottoes(石窟) in Datong were the last stop on the “International Insights into China” tour,1. a group of journalists and students from different countries explored the art and history of the grottoes. The first large-scale grotto temple was built over 1,500 years ago.It is a 2. (combine) of artistic design elements from India and Central and West Asia with architectural styles(建筑风格) and decorative patterns from Greece and Rome，which 3. (reflect) China’s connection with major civilizations around the world. Covering 4. total area of over 18,000 square meters，the grottoes extend approximately one kilometer from east to west.The site has more than 59,000 statues，ranging in height from 17 meters 5. as small as two centimeters. Amazed by the elegant statues and great caves，the members of the international tour 6._________(excited) recorded the experience on their phones.Munkhbat Anu-ujin，a member from Mongolia，said，“The artistic beauty of the Yungang Grottoes is really breathtaking.Standing in front of these massive caves，I 7. (impress) by their beauty.These great stone carvings are not only a great way 8. (admire) China’s ancient sculpture art,9. a window into China’s rich history and culture.For people who love history and art，the Yungang Grottoes is a trip worth 10. (take)．” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“外眼看中国”之旅的最后一站——位于我国山西省的云冈石窟以及蒙古留学生的评价。 1．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tour，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 2．答案　combination 解析　考查名词。根据空格前的a可知，空格处应用名词单数作表语。故填combination。 3．答案　reflects 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时；which代指前面主句的内容，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。 4．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。cover an area of...意为“占地面积是……”，为固定表达，area前面有total修饰且total的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 5．答案　to 解析　考查介词。range from...to...“从……到……不等”是固定搭配。故填to。 6．答案　excitedly 解析　考查副词。应用副词形式修饰动词recorded。故填excitedly。 7．答案　am impressed 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处是谓语动词，在直接引语中描述当时的事实情况，用一般现在时；主语I和动词impress之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语为第一人称单数，be动词用am。故填am impressed。 8．答案　to admire 解析　考查非谓语动词。名词way后用不定式作定语，表示“做某事的方法”。故填to admire。 9．答案　but 解析　考查连词。 固定搭配not only...but (also)意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。 10．答案　taking 解析　考查非谓语动词。be worth doing“值得做……”是固定搭配。故填taking。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $