《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第31天-2027届高三英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统整合了15个核心词汇（451-465）的音形义、词形变换、短语拓展及高考真题例句，构建“词汇-词形-语境-应用”的层级知识网络，通过选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动设计，引导学生自主梳理词汇内在联系，形成结构化词汇体系。 亮点在于自主诊断与语境化应用结合，如设置分层次选词填空（两组备选词）、单词填空（语法/首字母）及核心词汇默写，精准诊断掌握情况，真题例句融入短语拓展培养语言能力，语篇翻译综合运用词汇提升思维品质。教师可依据学生自测结果实施个性化指导，有效培养自主复习能力，助力高效备考。

《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第31天（词汇451-465） 一、核心词汇 451. uncertain 【9次】 /ʌnˈsɜːtn/ adj.不确定的；无把握的；难预料的 452. urban 【9次】 /ˈɜːbən/ adj.城市的，都市的 453. harbour 【9次】 /ˈhɑːbə/ n.港口 v.窝藏，庇护（罪犯等）; 怀有，心怀（尤指反面感情或想法） 454. harmony 【9次】 /ˈhɑːməni/ n.和谐;协调 455. identify 【9次】 /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ v.识别，鉴定；找到，发现 456. impact 【9次】 /ˈɪmpækt/ n.影响；冲击 457. distinct 【9次】 /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj.不同的；明显的，显著的 458. scratch 【9次】 /skrætʃ/ v.抓；搔；划伤 459. burst 【9次】 /bɜːst/ v.爆发；爆裂；突然发生；突然出现 460. cancel 【9次】 /ˈkænsl/ v.取消，撤销 461. skip 【9次】 /skɪp/ v.跳过，略过；蹦蹦跳跳地走；悄悄溜走；突然离开 462. pedestrian 【8次】 /pɪˈdestriən/ n.行人，步行者 463. peer 【8次】 /pɪə/ n.同辈人，同龄人；v.凝视，仔细看 464. casual 【8次】 /ˈkæʒuəl/ adj.漫不经心的，不在乎的；非正式的；偶然的，碰巧的 465. erupt 【8次】 /ɪˈrʌpt/ v.喷发；爆发 二、词形变换 1. certain —— uncertain adj.不确定的 —— certainly /ˈsɜːtnli/ adv.当然 —— certainty /ˈsɜːtnti/ n.确定性 —— uncertainty /ʌnˈsɜːtnti/ n.不确定性 2. urban —— urbanization /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n.城市化 —— suburban /səˈbɜːbən/ adj.郊区的 —— urbane /ɜːˈbeɪn/ adj.文雅的 3. harbour —— harbour n.港口 —— harborage /ˈhɑːbərɪdʒ/ n.避难所 —— harbourer n.窝藏者 4. harmony —— harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj.和谐的 —— harmoniously /hɑːˈməʊniəsli/ adv.和谐地 —— harmonize /ˈhɑːmənaɪz/ v.使和谐 5. identify —— identification /aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.识别；身份证明 —— identity /aɪˈdentəti/ n.身份 —— identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj.相同的 6. impact —— impactful /ˈɪmpæktfl/ adj.有影响的 —— impacted /ɪmˈpæktɪd/ adj.受影响的 7. distinct —— distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋktli/ adv.明显地 —— distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃn/ n.区别；荣誉 —— distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj.独特的 8. scratch —— scratchy /ˈskrætʃi/ adj.粗糙的；发痒的 —— scratch n.抓痕 9. burst —— bursting /ˈbɜːstɪŋ/ adj.充满的 —— burst n.爆炸 10. cancel —— cancellation /ˌkænsəˈleɪʃn/ n.取消 —— cancelled /ˈkænsld/ adj.取消的 11. skip —— skipper /ˈskɪpə/ n.船长；跳跃者 —— skipping n.跳跃；跳过 12. pedestrian —— pedestrianize /pɪˈdestriənaɪz/ v.使行人专用 —— pedestrianization /pɪˌdestriənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n.步行区 13. peer —— peerless /ˈpɪələs/ adj.无与伦比的 —— peering n.凝视 14. casual —— casually /ˈkæʒuəli/ adv.随便地 —— casualness /ˈkæʒuəlnəs/ n.漫不经心 15. erupt —— eruption /ɪˈrʌpʃn/ n.喷发 —— eruptive /ɪˈrʌptɪv/ adj.喷发的 三、重要词汇短语拓展与真题例句 1. uncertain —— uncertain about 对……不确定；in no uncertain terms 直截了当地 （2023新高考I卷）“Many people are uncertain about the future of work.” 2. urban —— urban development 城市发展；urban population 城市人口 （2022全国乙卷）“Urban life offers many opportunities for young people.” 3. harbour —— harbour a grudge 怀恨在心；harbour a criminal 窝藏罪犯 （2021全国甲卷）“She harbored doubts about his honesty.” 4. harmony —— in harmony with 与……和谐共处；live in harmony 和睦相处 （2020全国II卷）“It is important to live in harmony with nature.” 5. identify —— identify with 认同；identify the problem 发现问题 （2019全国I卷）“The police could not identify the victim.” 6. impact —— have an impact on 对……有影响 （2018全国III卷）“The new law has a great impact on people's lives.” 7. distinct —— be distinct from 与……不同；distinct advantage 明显优势 （2022新高考I卷）“The two species are distinct from each other.” 8. scratch —— scratch the surface 触及表面；from scratch 从头开始 （2021新高考I卷）“He built the business from scratch.” 9. burst —— burst into tears 突然哭起来；burst out laughing 突然大笑 （2020全国I卷）“The audience burst into applause.” 10. cancel —— cancel the appointment 取消约会；cancel out 抵消 （2019全国II卷）“The flight was canceled due to the storm.” 11. skip —— skip class 逃课；skip breakfast 不吃早餐 （2018全国II卷）“She skipped lunch to finish her work.” 12. pedestrian —— pedestrian zone 步行区 （2023全国乙卷）“The street has become a pedestrian area.” 13. peer —— peer at 仔细看；peer pressure 同辈压力 （2022新高考II卷）“Teenagers often feel peer pressure.” 14. casual —— casual clothes 便装；casual conversation 闲聊 （2021全国乙卷）“He wore casual clothes to the party.” 15. erupt —— erupt into violence 爆发暴力；volcanic eruption 火山喷发 （2020全国III卷）“Violence erupted in the city last night.” 四、选词填空 第一组（备选词：uncertain, urban, harbour, harmony, identify, impact, distinct, scratch, burst, cancel） 1. With the economy constantly changing, many young professionals feel ______ about their long-term career prospects. 2. Rapid ______ growth in many developing countries has created both opportunities and challenges for governments. 3. Despite years of working together, she still ______ a deep suspicion towards her colleague. 4. Families that live in ______ are generally happier and more satisfied with their lives. 5. It is often difficult to ______ the exact cause of a disease without proper medical testing. 6. The new educational policy will have a significant ______ on student learning outcomes. 7. The two paintings are quite ______ in style, making it easy to tell them apart. 8. I accidentally ______ my car while trying to park in the narrow garage. 9. When the news of her success arrived, she ______ into tears of joy and relief. 10. Due to bad weather conditions, the school decided to ______ all outdoor activities. 第二组（备选词：skip, pedestrian, peer, casual, erupt, casually, peerless, eruption, casualness, skipping） 11. She tends to ______ breakfast because she always wakes up too late in the morning. 12. The new traffic regulations give priority to ______ safety in the city center. 13. Young people often feel pressure to fit in with their ______ and follow popular trends. 14. He wore ______ clothes to the office, which surprised his colleagues who were used to formal attire. 15. Violence may ______ in any society if tensions are not properly managed. 16. She ______ mentioned her plan during dinner, but no one took it seriously. 17. The painter's attention to detail is ______ among contemporary artists. 18. The sudden ______ of the volcano forced thousands of residents to evacuate. 19. His ______ about the important meeting left a negative impression on the manager. 20. After ______ the details of the report, he signed it without further examination. 五、单词填空（语法填空或首字母填空，句子较长，设空位置分散） 1. The ______ (certain) of the global economic outlook has caused many businesses to postpone their expansion plans. 2. People living in ______ (urban) areas often face higher living costs than those in rural regions. 3. The town has a beautiful natural ______ (harbour) that attracts many tourists every summer. 4. Peaceful ______ (harmonious) among different communities is essential for social stability. 5. The police are working hard to ______ (identity) the people responsible for the cyber attack. 6. The ______ (impact) of climate change on small island countries is increasingly severe. 7. Her style of painting is ______ (distinct) from that of her contemporaries. 8. After falling on the rocky ground, he had a deep ______ (scratch) on his left arm. 9. The audience ______ (burst) into laughter at the comedian's clever joke. 10. All flights to the island have been ______ (cancel) due to the approaching hurricane. 六、语篇翻译 The impact of social media on young people has become a topic of widespread concern. Many parents harbour worries about their children's online safety. Scientists have been working to identify the distinct patterns of behavior associated with internet addiction. Those who spend too much time online often skip meals and lose sleep. A casual attitude towards online privacy can lead to serious consequences. Teachers and parents should work in harmony to guide children through this digital age. The line between the urban and rural lifestyles is becoming increasingly blurred. In modern society, we must not scratch the surface of problems but find real solutions. When tensions erupt in schools, educators must respond calmly. Peer support is often more effective than adult intervention. We should also be uncertain about the long-term effects of technology, rather than blindly celebrating its benefits. Every pedestrian in the city has the right to feel safe on the streets. Let us cancel our fears and embrace the future with confidence. 七、核心词汇默写 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 451. 不确定的；无把握的 ____________ 452. 城市的；都市的 ____________ 453. 港口；窝藏；心怀 ____________ 454. 和谐；协调 ____________ 455. 识别；鉴定；找到 ____________ 456. 影响；冲击 ____________ 457. 不同的；明显的 ____________ 458. 抓；搔；划伤 ____________ 459. 爆发；爆裂；突然发生 ____________ 460. 取消；撤销 ____________ 461. 跳过；略过；蹦跳 ____________ 462. 行人；步行者 ____________ 463. 同辈人；同龄人；凝视 ____________ 464. 漫不经心的；非正式的；偶然的 ____________ 465. 喷发；爆发 ____________ 八、词形变换默写 1. certain → ______（adj. 不确定的）→ ______（adv. 当然）→ ______（n. 确定性）→ ______（n. 不确定性） 2. urban → ______（n. 城市化）→ ______（adj. 郊区的）→ ______（adj. 文雅的） 3. harmony → ______（adj. 和谐的）→ ______（adv. 和谐地）→ ______（v. 使和谐） 4. identify → ______（n. 识别；身份证明）→ ______（n. 身份）→ ______（adj. 相同的） 5. impact → ______（adj. 有影响的）→ ______（adj. 受影响的） 6. distinct → ______（adv. 明显地）→ ______（n. 区别；荣誉）→ ______（adj. 独特的） 7. scratch → ______（adj. 粗糙的；发痒的） 8. cancel → ______（n. 取消）→ ______（adj. 取消的） 9. casual → ______（adv. 随便地）→ ______（n. 漫不经心） 10. erupt → ______（n. 喷发）→ ______（adj. 喷发的） 【参考答案】 四、选词填空答案 第一组：1. uncertain 2. urban 3. harbours 4. harmony 5. identify 6. impact 7. distinct 8. scratched 9. burst 10. cancel 第二组：11. skip 12. pedestrian 13. peers 14. casual 15. erupt 16. casually 17. peerless 18. eruption 19. casualness 20. skipping 五、单词填空答案 1. uncertainty（名词，不确定性） 2. urban（形容词，城市地区的） 3. harbour（名词，港口） 4. harmony（名词，和谐） 5. identify（动词原形，识别） 6. impact（名词，影响） 7. distinct（形容词，不同的） 8. scratch（名词，抓痕） 9. burst（动词过去式，突然大笑） 10. cancelled（动词过去分词，取消） 六、语篇翻译答案 社交媒体对年轻人的影响已成为广泛关注的话题。许多家长心怀对孩子上网安全的担忧。科学家们一直在努力识别与网络成瘾相关的独特行为模式。那些花太多时间上网的人常常省略正餐并失去睡眠。对网络隐私持漫不经心的态度可能导致严重后果。教师和家长应和谐合作，引导孩子度过这个数字时代。城市与乡村生活方式的界限正变得日益模糊。在现代社会，我们不能只触及问题表面，而要找到真正的解决方案。当紧张局势在学校爆发时，教育工作者必须冷静应对。同龄人的支持往往比成年人干预更有效。我们也应对技术的长期影响保持不确定，而不是盲目庆祝其好处。城市中的每位行人都有权在街道上感到安全。让我们消除恐惧，满怀信心地拥抱未来。 七、核心词汇默写答案 451. uncertain 452. urban 453. harbour 454. harmony 455. identify 456. impact 457. distinct 458. scratch 459. burst 460. cancel 461. skip 462. pedestrian 463. peer 464. casual 465. erupt 八、词形变换默写答案 1. uncertain, certainly, certainty, uncertainty 2. urbanization, suburban, urbane 3. harmonious, harmoniously, harmonize 4. identification, identity, identical 5. impactful, impacted 6. distinctly, distinction, distinctive 7. scratchy 8. cancellation, cancelled 9. casually, casualness 10. eruption, eruptive $