《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第30天-2027届高三英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统梳理了第30天15个高频核心单词（436-450），以“核心词汇-词形变换-短语拓展与真题例句”为架构，构建从基础词义到词形变化再到语境应用的完整知识链，通过选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，形成系统化词汇网络。 亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如真题例句嵌入（2023新高考I卷等）强化语境应用，词形变换默写与语篇翻译促进词汇转化能力，自测工具（选词填空、单词填空）助力自主诊断。教师可通过学生默写及填空反馈精准把握学情，支持个性化复习指导，有效提升学生自主复习效率。

《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第30天（词汇436-450） 一、核心词汇 436. contract 【9次】 /ˈkɒntrækt/ n.合同；v.订合同；收缩；感染（疾病），得（病） 437. critical 【9次】 /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj.批评的；关键的，决定性的；危急的 438. civil 【9次】 /ˈsɪvl/ adj.国民的，平民的；国家的，政府的（非宗教或军事的）；民事的（非刑事的）；有礼貌的，客气的 439. compose 【9次】 /kəmˈpəʊz/ v.组成，构成；创作（音乐、文学等） 440. splendid 【9次】 /ˈsplendɪd/ adj.极好的，壮丽的 441. strike 【9次】 /straɪk/ v.打，击；侵袭，爆发；突然想到；罢工 n.罢工；袭击 442. threaten 【9次】 /ˈθretn/ v.威胁，恐吓 443. tragedy 【9次】 /ˈtrædʒədi/ n.悲剧；悲惨事件 444. transform 【9次】 /trænsˈfɔːm/ v.转换，变形 445. trial 【9次】 /ˈtraɪəl/ n.试验；审讯，审判 446. fantasy 【9次】 /ˈfæntəsi/ n.幻想，奇幻 447. fetch 【9次】 /fetʃ/ v.取来，拿来 448. frequently 【9次】 /ˈfriːkwəntli/ adv.频繁地，经常地 449. glance 【9次】 /ɡlɑːns/ v.瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视；n.一瞥，一看 450. assume 【9次】 /əˈsjuːm/ v.假设，假定；承担，采取 二、词形变换 1. contract —— contraction /kənˈtrækʃn/ n.收缩；缩写 —— contractual /kənˈtræktʃuəl/ adj.合同的 —— contractor /kənˈtræktə/ n.承包商 2. critic —— critical adj.批评的；关键的 —— critically /ˈkrɪtɪkli/ adv.关键地；批评地 —— criticism /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/ n.批评 —— criticize /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v.批评 3. civil —— civilian /sɪˈvɪliən/ n.平民 —— civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n.文明 —— civilize /ˈsɪvəlaɪz/ v.使文明 4. compose —— composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn/ n.组成；作文；作曲 —— composer /kəmˈpəʊzə/ n.作曲家 —— composed /kəmˈpəʊzd/ adj.镇静的 5. splendid —— splendidly /ˈsplendɪdli/ adv.极好地 6. strike —— striking /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/ adj.引人注目的 —— striker /ˈstraɪkə/ n.罢工者；前锋 7. threat —— threaten v.威胁 —— threat /θret/ n.威胁 —— threatening /ˈθretənɪŋ/ adj.威胁的 8. tragedy —— tragic /ˈtrædʒɪk/ adj.悲剧的 —— tragically /ˈtrædʒɪkli/ adv.悲剧地 9. transform —— transformation /ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/ n.转变 —— transformative /trænsˈfɔːmətɪv/ adj.变革性的 10. try —— trial n.试验；审判 —— try /traɪ/ v.尝试 11. fantasy —— fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj.极好的 —— fantasize /ˈfæntəsaɪz/ v.幻想 12. fetch —— fetching /ˈfetʃɪŋ/ adj.迷人的 13. frequent —— frequently adv.频繁地 —— frequent /ˈfriːkwənt/ adj.频繁的 —— frequency /ˈfriːkwənsi/ n.频率 14. glance —— glancing /ˈɡlɑːnsɪŋ/ adj.粗略的 15. assume —— assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n.假设 —— assuming /əˈsjuːmɪŋ/ conj.假设 —— assumed /əˈsjuːmd/ adj.假定的 三、重要词汇短语拓展与真题例句 1. contract —— sign a contract 签合同；contract a disease 感染疾病（2023新高考I卷）“They signed the contract yesterday.” 2. critical —— critical thinking 批判性思维；critical moment 关键时刻（2022全国乙卷）“Your decision at this critical moment matters.” 3. civil —— civil war 内战；civil rights 民权（2021全国甲卷）“Civil rights activists fought for equality.” 4. compose —— be composed of 由……组成；compose music 创作音乐（2020全国II卷）“The committee is composed of ten members.” 5. splendid —— splendid view 壮丽的景色（2019全国I卷）“We had a splendid time at the party.” 6. strike —— strike a balance 达成平衡；strike sb. as 给某人……印象；on strike 在罢工（2018全国III卷）“An idea suddenly struck me.” 7. threaten —— threaten to do 威胁做；threaten with 以……威胁（2022新高考I卷）“The storm threatens to destroy the crops.” 8. tragedy —— end in tragedy 以悲剧告终（2021新高考I卷）“The tragedy shocked the whole nation.” 9. transform —— transform into 转变成（2020全国I卷）“The experience transformed her life.” 10. trial —— clinical trial 临床试验；on trial 在受审；trial and error 反复试验（2019全国II卷）“The new drug is undergoing clinical trials.” 11. fantasy —— fantasy world 幻想世界（2018全国II卷）“Children love stories of fantasy and adventure.” 12. fetch —— fetch water 打水；fetch a doctor 请医生（2023全国乙卷）“Could you fetch me some water?” 13. frequently —— frequently asked questions 常见问题（2022新高考II卷）“She frequently visits her grandparents.” 14. glance —— glance at 瞥一眼；at a glance 看一眼就（2021全国乙卷）“He glanced at his watch nervously.” 15. assume —— assume responsibility 承担责任；assume that 假设（2020全国III卷）“Don't assume that everything will go smoothly.” 四、选词填空 第一组（备选词：contract, critical, civil, compose, splendid, strike, threaten, tragedy, transform, trial） 1. Before starting any new job, it is wise to read the employment ______ carefully before signing it. 2. Good decision-making at this ______ moment will determine the future success of the entire project. 3. Many citizens believe that ______ rights should be protected by the government at all times. 4. She loves to ______ beautiful music and has written over fifty songs in the past ten years. 5. Guests at the hotel enjoyed a ______ view of the ocean from their rooms. 6. A brilliant idea suddenly ______ her while she was walking in the park. 7. Climate change ______ the future of coastal cities around the world. 8. The plane crash was a terrible ______ that claimed the lives of all passengers on board. 9. The new technology has the power to ______ the way we communicate with each other. 10. After a series of ______ and errors, the scientists finally achieved their goal. 第二组（备选词：fantasy, fetch, frequently, glance, assume, fantastic, fetching, frequency, glancing, assumed） 11. Many young children have trouble distinguishing between reality and ______ in their early years. 12. Could you please ______ the book from my room? I left it on the desk. 13. My grandmother ______ visits the local community center to socialize with her friends. 14. She took a quick ______ at the menu and decided what to order. 15. It would be a mistake to ______ that everyone has the same opinion on this issue. 16. The young singer has a ______ voice that captivates her audience. 17. Regular exercise is a ______ way to improve your overall health and well-being. 18. The ______ of trains passing through this station has increased dramatically. 19. After a brief ______ at the document, he signed it without reading it thoroughly. 20. His ______ innocence was later proven false by the evidence. 五、单词填空（语法填空或首字母填空，句子较长，设空位置分散） 1. Under the terms of the ______ (contract), both parties are required to fulfill their obligations within six months. 2. Developing ______ (critic) thinking skills is essential for students in the modern information age. 3. Many ancient ______ (civil) valued education and artistic expression highly. 4. ______ (compose) of the symphony took the musician over three years to complete. 5. The old building has been ______ (transform) into a modern art gallery. 6. Scientists are conducting ______ (trial) to test the effectiveness of the new vaccine. 7. The children were playing a game of ______ (fantasy) in the garden. 8. He ______ (fetch) his friend from the airport and drove him home. 9. Good communication skills require the ability to listen carefully and not ______ (assumption) anything. 10. She ______ (glance) at the newspaper headlines while waiting for her coffee. 六、语篇翻译 Many people assume that success comes from luck, but in reality, it is the result of hard work. The key is not to live in a fantasy but to take practical steps toward your goals. A critical moment may transform your entire life if you are ready. During the process, you may encounter threats and challenges, but do not let them strike you down. Even a tragedy can become a source of strength if you learn from it. We should frequently glance at our progress to make sure we are on the right track. Good civil behavior and splendid teamwork are essential in any workplace. Lawyers often review every detail of a contract before signing. A composer may compose a masterpiece after many trials. Every failure is not an end but a step toward success. Let us fetch the courage within ourselves and keep moving forward. 七、核心词汇默写 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 436. 合同；收缩；感染 ____________ 437. 批评的；关键的；危急的 ____________ 438. 国民的；民用的；民事的；有礼貌的 ____________ 439. 组成；创作 ____________ 440. 极好的；壮丽的 ____________ 441. 打；击；侵袭；罢工 ____________ 442. 威胁；恐吓 ____________ 443. 悲剧；悲惨事件 ____________ 444. 转变；变形 ____________ 445. 试验；审讯；审判 ____________ 446. 幻想；奇幻 ____________ 447. 取来；拿来 ____________ 448. 频繁地；经常地 ____________ 449. 瞥一眼；扫视 ____________ 450. 假设；假定；承担 ____________ 八、词形变换默写 1. contract → ______（n. 收缩；缩写）→ ______（adj. 合同的）→ ______（n. 承包商） 2. critic → ______（adj. 批评的；关键的）→ ______（adv. 关键地）→ ______（n. 批评）→ ______（v. 批评） 3. civil → ______（n. 平民）→ ______（n. 文明）→ ______（v. 使文明） 4. compose → ______（n. 组成；作文；作曲）→ ______（n. 作曲家）→ ______（adj. 镇静的） 5. strike → ______（adj. 引人注目的）→ ______（n. 罢工者） 6. threat → ______（v. 威胁）→ ______（adj. 威胁的） 7. tragedy → ______（adj. 悲剧的）→ ______（adv. 悲剧地） 8. transform → ______（n. 转变）→ ______（adj. 变革性的） 9. frequent → ______（adv. 频繁地）→ ______（n. 频率） 10. assume → ______（n. 假设）→ ______（conj. 假设）→ ______（adj. 假定的） 【参考答案】 四、选词填空答案 第一组：1. contract 2. critical 3. civil 4. compose 5. splendid 6. struck 7. threatens 8. tragedy 9. transform 10. trials 第二组：11. fantasy 12. fetch 13. frequently 14. glance 15. assume 16. fetching 17. fantastic 18. frequency 19. glance 20. assumed 五、单词填空答案 1. contract（名词，合同） 2. critical（形容词，批判性思维） 3. civilizations（名词复数，古代文明） 4. Composition（名词，作曲） 5. transformed（动词过去分词，被改造） 6. trials（名词复数，试验） 7. fantasy（名词，幻想游戏） 8. fetched（动词过去式，去接） 9. assume（动词原形，假设） 10. glanced（动词过去式，瞥了一眼） 六、语篇翻译答案 许多人假设成功来自运气，但实际上它是努力的结果。关键不在于活在幻想中，而在于朝目标采取切实步骤。一个关键的时刻，如果你准备好了，就可能改变你的整个人生。在这个过程中，你可能会遇到威胁和挑战，但不要让它们击垮你。即使是悲剧，如果你从中学习，也能成为力量的源泉。我们应经常 瞥一眼我们的进展，以确保走在正确的轨道上。良好的文明行为和出色的团队合作在任何工作场所都必不可少。律师在签署合同前常仔细审查每一条款。一位作曲家可能经过多次试验才创作出一部杰作。每一次失败都不是终点，而是通往成功的一步。让我们汲取内心的勇气，继续前行。 七、核心词汇默写答案 436. contract 437. critical 438. civil 439. compose 440. splendid 441. strike 442. threaten 443. tragedy 444. transform 445. trial 446. fantasy 447. fetch 448. frequently 449. glance 450. assume 八、词形变换默写答案 1. contraction, contractual, contractor 2. critical, critically, criticism, criticize 3. civilian, civilization, civilize 4. composition, composer, composed 5. striking, striker 6. threaten, threatening 7. tragic, tragically 8. transformation, transformative 9. frequently, frequency 10. assumption, assuming, assumed $