《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第18天 任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统梳理了第18天15个核心词汇及衍生体系，涵盖词形变换、短语拓展与真题用法，按考频和语义关联构建知识网络，通过选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动，引导学生自主梳理词汇逻辑，形成层次分明的词汇认知体系。 亮点在于多维度自测诊断与真题情境融合，如设置选词填空、单词填空及语篇翻译等活动，培养学生语言能力和学习能力，学生可通过默写与填空自主诊断薄弱点，教师依据学情数据精准指导，支持个性化复习，提升备考实效。

《40天记完高中688个核心单词》第18天（词汇256-270） 一、核心词汇 256. alternative 【21次】 /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ adj.供选择的；替代的 n.替代选择；备选方案 257. analyze 【21次】 /ˈænəlaɪz/ v.分析；解析 258. ancestor 【21次】 /ˈænsɪstə/ n.祖先；先辈 259. aspect 【21次】 /ˈæspekt/ n.方面；观点；方位;（事物的）外观，样子,特征 260. disability 【21次】 /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/ n.残疾；（某种）缺陷，障碍 261. admire 【20次】 /ədˈmaɪə/ v.钦佩，羡慕，敬佩；欣赏，观赏 262. adolescent 【20次】 /ˌædəˈlesnt/ adj.青春期的 n.青少年 263. faithfully 【20次】 /ˈfeɪθfəli/ adv.忠实地；如实地，准确地；有规律地 264. previous 【20次】 /ˈpriːviəs/ adj.以前的;早先的 265. reliable 【20次】 /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ adj.可靠的; 值得信赖的 266. legal 【20次】 /ˈliːɡl/ adj.合法的，法律的 267. compete 【20次】 /kəmˈpiːt/ v.竞争；参加比赛 268. symbol 【20次】 /ˈsɪmbl/ n.象征；标志; 符号，记号 269. trap 【20次】 /træp/ n.陷阱，圈套；困境 v.困住；使陷入危险中；使陷入圈套 270. apologize 【20次】 /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v.道歉，致歉(to sb for sth) 二、词形变换 1. alternate —— alternative adj.替代的 —— alternatively /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪvli/ adv.或者；另一方面 —— alternate /ˈɔːltəneɪt/ v.交替 2. analysis —— analyze v.分析 —— analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ n.分析(复数analyses) —— analyst /ˈænəlɪst/ n.分析家 —— analytical /ˌænəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj.分析的 3. ancestor —— ancestry /ˈænsɪstri/ n.祖先；血统 —— ancestral /ænˈsestrəl/ adj.祖先的 4. aspect —— aspectual adj.方面的 5. ability —— disability n.残疾 —— disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ adj.残疾的 —— enable /ɪˈneɪbl/ v.使能够 6. admire —— admiration /ˌædməˈreɪʃn/ n.钦佩 —— admirable /ˈædmərəbl/ adj.值得钦佩的 —— admirer /ədˈmaɪərə/ n.仰慕者 7. adolescence —— adolescent adj.青春期的 —— adolescence /ˌædəˈlesns/ n.青春期 8. faith —— faithfully adv.忠实地 —— faithful /ˈfeɪθfl/ adj.忠诚的 —— faith /feɪθ/ n.信仰 9. previous —— previously /ˈpriːviəsli/ adv.以前 —— previousness n.先前 10. rely —— reliable adj.可靠的 —— reliably /rɪˈlaɪəbli/ adv.可靠地 —— reliability /rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/ n.可靠性 —— rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ v.依赖 11. legal —— legally /ˈliːɡəli/ adv.合法地 —— illegal /ɪˈliːɡl/ adj.非法的 —— legalize /ˈliːɡəlaɪz/ v.使合法化 12. compete —— competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n.竞争 —— competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə/ n.竞争者 —— competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv/ adj.有竞争力的 13. symbol —— symbolize /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/ v.象征 —— symbolic /sɪmˈbɒlɪk/ adj.象征性的 14. trap —— trapped /træpt/ adj.被困的 —— trapper n.设陷阱者 15. apology —— apologize v.道歉 —— apology /əˈpɒlədʒi/ n.道歉 —— apologetic /əˌpɒləˈdʒetɪk/ adj.道歉的 三、重要词汇短语拓展与真题例句 1. alternative —— alternative to ……的替代；have no alternative but to 别无选择只能（2023新高考I卷）“We have no alternative but to wait.” 2. analyze —— analyze data 分析数据（2022全国乙卷）“Scientists analyzed the results carefully.” 3. ancestor —— common ancestor 共同祖先（2021全国甲卷）“Our ancestors lived in caves.” 4. aspect —— all aspects of ……的所有方面（2020全国II卷）“We should consider all aspects of the problem.” 5. disability —— with disabilities 有残疾的（2019全国I卷）“The center provides help for people with disabilities.” 6. admire —— admire sb. for 因……钦佩某人（2018全国III卷）“I admire him for his courage.” 7. adolescent —— adolescent years 青少年时期（2022新高考I卷）“Adolescents often face many challenges.” 8. faithfully —— follow faithfully 忠实地遵循（2021新高考I卷）“He carried out his duty faithfully.” 9. previous —— previous experience 以往经验（2020全国I卷）“Her previous experience helped her succeed.” 10. reliable —— reliable source 可靠来源（2019全国II卷）“This information is not reliable.” 11. legal —— legal system 法律体系；legal action 法律行动（2018全国II卷）“The contract is legally binding.” 12. compete —— compete with 与……竞争；compete for 为……竞争（2023全国乙卷）“Many companies compete for market share.” 13. symbol —— symbol of ……的象征（2021全国乙卷）“The dove is a symbol of peace.” 14. trap —— trap in 困在……中（2020全国III卷）“The miners were trapped underground.” 15. apologize —— apologize to sb. for 因……向某人道歉（2019全国III卷）“He apologized for his rude behavior.” 四、选词填空 第一组（备选词：alternative, analyze, ancestor, aspect, disability, admire, adolescent, faithfully, previous, reliable） 1. We need to find an ______ solution to this problem. 2. The scientist will ______ the data from the experiment. 3. Our ______ lived in this area thousands of years ago. 4. You need to consider every ______ of this situation. 5. Despite his physical ______, he achieved great success. 6. I truly ______ her dedication to the cause. 7. ______ often struggle with identity and self-esteem. 8. He ______ performed his duties for over thirty years. 9. My ______ job was much more challenging than this one. 10. The car is old but still very ______. 第二组（备选词：legal, compete, symbol, trap, apologize, illegal, competitive, symbolic, apology, trapped） 11. Is it ______ to drive without a license in this country? 12. Many small companies ______ with large corporations. 13. The dove is a ______ of peace and love. 14. The animal was ______ in a cage at the zoo. 15. I must ______ for my late arrival. 16. ______ activities will be punished by law. 17. The market is highly ______ and difficult to enter. 18. The color red is ______ of good luck in China. 19. He offered his sincere ______ for the mistake. 20. The workers were ______ in the burning building. 五、单词填空（语法填空或首字母填空） 1. The ______ (analyze) of the problem took two hours. 2. His ______ (admire) for his teacher is genuine. 3. ______ (adolescent) is a critical period of development. 4. We have ______ (previous) met at the conference. 5. The ______ (rely) of this information is questionable. 6. The ______ (legally) age for drinking is 18 in this country. 7. The ______ (compete) among the students is fierce. 8. The ring is ______ (symbol) of their love. 9. She made a sincere ______ (apologize) for her mistake. 10. The ______ (trap) animals were finally released. 六、语篇翻译 In our previous discussion, we analyzed every aspect of the problem. We admired the reliable solutions proposed by the team. However, we need an alternative approach to avoid potential risks. The symbol of success is not just winning, but how we compete with integrity. Sometimes people feel trapped by their fears or disabilities, but the most admirable individuals are those who apologize for their mistakes and learn from them. Our ancestors faced similar challenges. We should faithfully follow the legal rules of our society. Even adolescents can contribute great ideas. Let us analyze the situation carefully and choose the best path forward. 七、核心词汇默写 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 256. 供选择的；替代的；备选方案 ____________ 257. 分析；解析 ____________ 258. 祖先；先辈 ____________ 259. 方面；观点；外观 ____________ 260. 残疾；缺陷 ____________ 261. 钦佩；欣赏 ____________ 262. 青春期的；青少年 ____________ 263. 忠实地；如实地 ____________ 264. 以前的；早先的 ____________ 265. 可靠的；值得信赖的 ____________ 266. 合法的；法律的 ____________ 267. 竞争；参加比赛 ____________ 268. 象征；标志；符号 ____________ 269. 陷阱；圈套；困住 ____________ 270. 道歉；致歉 ____________ 八、词形变换默写 1. alternate → ______（adj. 替代的）→ ______（adv. 或者） 2. analyze → ______（n. 分析）→ ______（n. 分析家）→ ______（adj. 分析的） 3. admire → ______（n. 钦佩）→ ______（adj. 值得钦佩的） 4. faith → ______（adj. 忠诚的）→ ______（adv. 忠实地） 5. rely → ______（adj. 可靠的）→ ______（adv. 可靠地）→ ______（n. 可靠性） 6. legal → ______（adv. 合法地）→ ______（adj. 非法的） 7. compete → ______（n. 竞争）→ ______（n. 竞争者）→ ______（adj. 有竞争力的） 8. symbol → ______（v. 象征）→ ______（adj. 象征性的） 9. apology → ______（v. 道歉）→ ______（adj. 道歉的） 10. ability → ______（n. 残疾）→ ______（adj. 残疾的）→ ______（v. 使能够） 【参考答案】 四、选词填空答案 第一组：1. alternative 2. analyze 3. ancestors 4. aspect 5. disability 6. admire 7. Adolescents 8. faithfully 9. previous 10. reliable 第二组：11. legal 12. compete 13. symbol 14. trapped 15. apologize 16. Illegal 17. competitive 18. symbolic 19. apology 20. trapped 五、单词填空答案 1. analysis 2. admiration 3. Adolescence 4. previously 5. reliability 6. legal 7. competition 8. symbolic 9. apology 10. trapped 六、语篇翻译答案 在我们以前的讨论中，我们分析了问题的每一个方面。我们钦佩团队提出的可靠解决方案。然而，我们需要替代方法来规避潜在风险。成功的象征不仅仅是赢，而是我们如何以诚信竞争。有时人们感到被恐惧或残疾所困，但最令人钦佩的人是那些为自己的错误道歉并从中学习的人。我们的祖先面临过类似的挑战。我们应忠实地遵守社会的法律规则。即使是青少年也能贡献伟大的想法。让我们仔细分析情况，选择最佳的前进道路。 七、核心词汇默写答案 256. alternative 257. analyze 258. ancestor 259. aspect 260. disability 261. admire 262. adolescent 263. faithfully 264. previous 265. reliable 266. legal 267. compete 268. symbol 269. trap 270. apologize 八、词形变换默写答案 1. alternative, alternatively 2. analysis, analyst, analytical 3. admiration, admirable 4. faithful, faithfully 5. reliable, reliably, reliability 6. legally, illegal 7. competition, competitor, competitive 8. symbolize, symbolic 9. apologize, apologetic 10. disability, disabled, enable $