30-外刊拓展阅读练习卷-任务单-2027届高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 外刊拓展阅读理解专项，精选国际热点话题文章，系统提炼细节理解、词义猜测等解题方法，构建“话题-题型-技巧”三维训练体系，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A-D篇（选择题）|4篇外刊（China Daily等）|细节定位、语境猜词、推理判断、主旨归纳|按“事实信息→语义理解→逻辑分析→篇章主旨”递进，覆盖环境、科技等热点| |E篇（七选五）|1篇七选五|段落衔接、逻辑连贯|聚焦语篇结构，训练信息补全能力| |长难句分析|2个长难句|句子结构拆分、成分分析|强化复杂句式理解，支撑深度阅读|

外刊拓展阅读理解练习 （建议用时：45 min） 目标：熟悉外刊叙事习惯，掌握说明文/议论文阅读难点，加强对实时热点等了解。 一、阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A ——China Daily, July 29, 2026（改编） China published on Wednesday its national climate change response plan for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, setting a target to reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17 percent from 2025 levels by 2030 and identifying the period as critical for achieving the nation‘s carbon peak. The plan, jointly issued by 19 departments, including the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the National Development and Reform Commission, states that China will strengthen monitoring and control of non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases and develop the capacity to reduce their emissions by 30 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2030. It also sets out goals to establish a comprehensive product carbon footprint management system and improve the climate adaptation work framework. Ma Jun, founding director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, said the target of 17 percent is linked to China’s nationally determined contribution to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by over 65 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. The 14th Five-Year Plan period barely achieved a comparable reduction, and the task will get harder as the Chinese economy continues to grow, he said. “China‘s installed capacity for renewable energy surpassed the 2030 target six years ahead of schedule. The real challenge lies in effective consumption. While nonfossil energy accounts for more than 60 percent of installed capacity, its actual consumption makes up only 21.7 percent,” Ma added. Hu Wentao, an associate researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ Research Institute for Eco-civilization, said the plan signals a further shift from dual control over total energy consumption and energy intensity to dual control over total carbon emissions and carbon intensity. When authorities review and approve projects, the amount of carbon emissions will become an important parameter for consideration, he said. 1.What is the main target of China‘s new climate change response plan? A. To reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17% by 2030. B. To achieve carbon neutrality by 2026. C. To increase renewable energy consumption to 60% of total energy use. D. To eliminate all fossil fuel use by 2030. 2.According to Ma Jun, what is the real challenge for China’s renewable energy development? A. Building more renewable energy facilities. B. Effectively consuming the renewable energy that has been installed. C. Attracting international investment for renewable projects. D. Reducing the cost of solar panels and wind turbines. 3.According to Hu Wentao, what is the significance of the new plan? A. It focuses only on reducing total energy consumption. B. It shifts control from energy consumption to carbon emissions and intensity. C. It eliminates all control measures for energy use. D. It only applies to the electricity sector. B ——Knowable Magazine, July 20, 2026（改编） Inside the world‘s newest data centers, energy-guzzling computations proceed round the clock as AI chatbots and other generative AI tools tackle tasks from the frivolous to the weighty: assembling imagery for social media, analyzing medical images to diagnose cancer, creating code for developers, or detecting financial scams for banks. Just as the popularity of AI tools has skyrocketed in recent years, so have the associated environmental costs. Data centers now consume 414 terawatt-hours per year, or about 1.5 percent of global electricity use, according to the International Energy Agency — an amount that grew by 17 percent in 2025. By 2030, the agency projects that demand for electricity by data centers will more than double. The reason AI models consume so much energy lies partly in the processors that power them, such as the graphic processing units (GPUs) that consume significantly more energy than the central processing units (CPUs) that fuel simpler tasks like web searches and email. It also has to do with the large language models (LLMs) that power AI chatbots, which perform billions of calculations for each new word they generate. Experts have offered several strategies for users to reduce energy consumption when using AI. For simple tasks like checking the weather, users should consider whether they truly need AI at all. For specific tasks like translating or summarizing, smaller language models can consume between 15 and 50 times less energy than the massive, all-purpose LLMs while producing comparable or higher-quality outputs. Users can also instruct chatbots to “be brief” or set word limits — reducing output length by 50 percent can cut energy consumption by the same amount. For image generation, starting in low resolution and only increasing it when necessary, as well as editing existing images rather than generating new ones from scratch, can save significant energy. 4.What is the main concern raised about the popularity of AI tools? A. They are replacing human jobs at an alarming rate. B. They consume large amounts of energy and have environmental costs. C. They are not reliable for complex tasks. D. They are too expensive for most users. 5.According to the passage, why do LLMs consume so much energy? A. They require constant human supervision. B. They perform billions of calculations for each generated word. C. They use outdated computer processors. D. They store massive amounts of unnecessary data. 6.The underlined phrase “frivolous” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A. important and serious B. not serious or practical C. complicated and technical D. urgent and critical 7.What is the author‘s purpose in writing this passage? A. To warn readers about the dangers of AI technology. B. To suggest that users should stop using AI tools completely. C. To inform readers about AI’s energy consumption and offer practical solutions. D. To promote the use of smaller AI language models. C ——Knowable Magazine, June 9, 2026（改编） For most people, a minor cut or scrape is no big deal — the body heals itself quickly, and antibiotics can deal with any infections. But some wounds, such as severe burns and diabetic ulcers, are prone to bacterial infections that can become resistant to antibiotics. “Diabetic wounds are very difficult to heal and people live with these wounds for pretty much the rest of their life,” says Vitaliy Khutoryanskiy, a materials scientist at the University of Reading in the United Kingdom. To address this problem, scientists are developing new ways to treat infected wounds using specially designed nanomaterials that are activated with light and deliver precise antimicrobial action. The approach has shown promise in reducing infection and accelerating wound healing in experiments on mice and pigs but has not yet been tested in people. Chronic, non-healing wounds offer ideal conditions for the formation of resilient biofilms — stubborn layers of bacteria that delay healing and significantly raise the risk of amputation. The vast majority of such wounds — over 78 percent — have these biofilms, which are often antibiotic-resistant. The new light-activated nanomaterials offer a different way to eradicate bacterial infections. Some convert light into localized heat, weakening the bacteria and helping with tissue repair. Others react with oxygen present in the tissues to produce toxic molecules that kill bacteria with minimal damage to the surrounding tissue. In one promising study, researchers began with a naturally occurring antimicrobial protein called lysozyme, extracted from egg whites. They engineered the protein into a gel mixed with a light-absorbing dye. In the presence of near-infrared light, the dye heats up, melting the gel and releasing active lysozyme. When the team applied the gel to wounds in mice and pigs, it eradicated more than 95 percent of the bacteria present. The wounds also healed more quickly. In another recent study, scientists treated wounds using a nanomaterial made of gold nanoparticles and graphene-oxide “quantum dots.” When irradiated with blue light, the gold particles converted the light energy into heat, while the graphene oxide boosted reactions that produced toxic molecules. Testing in mice revealed that after nine days, the wounds on treated mice showed 99 percent healing, while those of untreated mice showed only about 70 percent healing. While these techniques have shown promise in the lab, further work will be needed before they can be applied to people. Researchers would need to do extensive safety testing and lower the cost of the nanomaterials. 8.Why are chronic wounds difficult to treat with traditional antibiotics? A. The bacteria in these wounds are often antibiotic-resistant. B. The wounds are too deep for antibiotics to reach. C. Antibiotics cannot be applied to open wounds. D. The wounds heal too quickly for antibiotics to work. 9.According to the passage, how do light-activated nanomaterials kill bacteria? A. By releasing chemical drugs that destroy bacteria. B. By converting light into heat or producing toxic molecules. C. By physically removing bacteria from the wound. D. By stopping bacteria from reproducing. 10.The underlined word “biofilms” in paragraph 4 refers to ______. A. single bacteria cells that float freely B. layers of bacteria that form on surfaces C. medical films used to cover wounds D. protective coatings made by the human body 11.What can be inferred about the future of light-activated nanomaterials for wound treatment? A. They are already available for patient use. B. They will require further testing before being used in humans. C. They will replace antibiotics entirely. D. They are too expensive to be practical. D ——Stanford Report, July 27, 2026（改编） When economists talk about wealth inequality, they often focus on assets people can buy and sell, such as stocks, bonds, and real estate. But a new study from Stanford researchers suggests that looking only at “marketable wealth” misses the full picture of household wealth. Total wealth includes not just obvious sources like home equity and retirement accounts, but also two “hidden” income streams: human capital (employment earnings, which operate like a long-term bond) and Social Security benefits (which function like a long-term government bond that pays an inflation-adjusted annuity in retirement). These two assets form most of the total lifetime wealth of young and low-income households, who don‘t hold much financial wealth for retirement. When interest rates decline, the resulting asset boom disproportionately increases the wealth of the rich, who hold more of the long-term financial assets that are most sensitive to interest rate movements. Low-income households, by contrast, hold few long-term financial assets and instead rely on future Social Security benefits to fill that role. Social Security protects low-income households against low interest rates — meaning bad future returns. The study also examined the potential impact of cuts to Social Security benefits. The authors modeled a roughly 25 percent cut in benefits that would be required to close the program’s long-term funding gap. Unsurprisingly, cuts would disproportionately hurt the poorest households that rely on those benefits. More importantly, the authors found that the cut would be most harmful if it occurs at a time when interest rates are low — precisely when Social Security protections are most needed. The findings have significant implications for policy debates. One way to lessen the impact could be making the cuts larger at the top than the bottom, or raising taxes at the top to finance the shortfall. 12.According to the passage, what is included in “total wealth”? A. Only stocks, bonds, and real estate. B. Marketable assets and inherited property. C. Marketable assets, human capital, and Social Security benefits. D. Only income from employment and investments. 13.Why do low-income households rely more on Social Security than on long-term financial assets? A. They prefer not to invest in the stock market. B. They hold few long-term financial assets and need Social Security to hedge against low interest rates. C. They receive higher returns from Social Security than from stocks. D. They are not allowed to invest in long-term financial assets. 14.What does the study suggest about cutting Social Security benefits? A. The cuts would affect all income groups equally. B. Low-income households would be most harmed by the cuts. C. High-income households would lose more from the cuts. D. Cutting benefits would solve the funding gap without any negative effects. 15.What is the best title for this passage? A. The Hidden Wealth: Rethinking Wealth Inequality B. Why Social Security Should Be Abolished C. How the Rich Get Richer Through Stock Investments D. The History of Wealth Inequality in America 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 E ——Knowable Magazine, June 22, 2026（改编） Artificial intelligence doesn‘t have a great reputation for veracity. Social media abounds with AI-generated concoctions — from images of fake animals to videos depicting imaginary events. AI has been used to create fake social media accounts that spread propaganda and misinformation. In 2024, thousands of New Hampshire residents received robocalls from an AI-synthesized voice of Joe Biden that discouraged them from voting. (16) ______ Researchers are finding that AI’s ability to parse human language, summarize text, and verify claims could be harnessed to help people identify and understand fake news — and perhaps even one day assist in combating online misinformation in a large-scale, systematic way. (17) ______ It‘s still early days, and experts stress that these methods should never be used without some level of human supervision. (18) ______ However, one expert put it simply: “We should fight fire with fire.” (19) ______ They can fact-check claims by analyzing text for logical inconsistencies or cross-referencing claims with reliable databases. They can also generate summaries of complex news stories to help readers quickly grasp the key facts. (20) ______ With so much AI-generated rubbish threatening to blur the line between reality and fiction, it may seem counterintuitive that scientists are exploring ways to use the very same technology to combat online misinformation. 选项（A-G）： A. The tools can assist journalists and fact-checkers in verifying information. B. AI is becoming more advanced at creating realistic images. C. But researchers are exploring ways to use AI to fight misinformation. D. AI tools should be used with caution and human oversight. E. AI-generated content has been used to mislead voters. F. AI is the only solution to the fake news problem. G. Some experts worry that AI tools could be misused by bad actors. 二、参考答案与解析 阅读理解 A篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中国发布的“十五五”期间国家气候变化应对计划，设定了到2030年单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2025年下降17%的目标，并强调了从能耗双控向碳排放双控转变的意义。 第1题 答案：A 题干句意： 中国新的气候变化应对计划的主要目标是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“setting a target to reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17 percent from 2025 levels by 2030”直接说明了主要目标。B项“2026年实现碳中和”文中未提及；C项“可再生能源消费达到60%”与文中“actual consumption makes up only 21.7 percent”矛盾；D项“2030年前消除化石燃料”过于绝对。故正确答案为A。 第2题 答案：B 题干句意： 根据马军，中国可再生能源发展的真正挑战是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第四段，“The real challenge lies in effective consumption. While nonfossil energy accounts for more than 60 percent of installed capacity, its actual consumption makes up only 21.7 percent”说明真正挑战在于有效消纳已安装的可再生能源。A项“建设更多设施”与“surpassed the 2030 target”矛盾；C项“吸引国际投资”未提及；D项“降低成本”未提及。故正确答案为B。 第3题 答案：B 题干句意： 根据胡文涛，新计划的意义是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第五段，“the plan signals a further shift from dual control over total energy consumption and energy intensity to dual control over total carbon emissions and carbon intensity”说明计划从能耗双控转向碳排放双控。A项“仅关注能源消耗减少”与“shift”矛盾；C项“取消所有控制措施”与“further shift”矛盾；D项“仅适用于电力行业”未提及。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 B篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了AI工具日益增长的能源消耗及其环境成本，并提供了用户减少AI使用能耗的实用建议。 第4题 答案：B 题干句意： 关于AI工具普及的主要担忧是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“Just as the popularity of AI tools has skyrocketed in recent years, so have the associated environmental costs”以及随后给出的能耗数据，说明主要担忧是AI消耗大量能源并产生环境成本。A项“取代人类工作”未提及；C项“复杂任务不可靠”未提及；D项“对多数用户太贵”未提及。故正确答案为B。 第5题 答案：B 题干句意： 根据文章，为什么大语言模型消耗大量能源？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段，“It also has to do with the large language models (LLMs) that power AI chatbots, which perform billions of calculations for each new word they generate”直接说明LLM因每次生成新词需要进行数十亿次计算而消耗大量能源。A项“需要持续人工监督”未提及；C项“使用过时处理器”与“GPUs consume more energy”矛盾；D项“存储大量不必要数据”未提及。故正确答案为B。 第6题 答案：B 题干句意： 第一段中画线单词“frivolous”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“frivolous”意为“轻浮的、不严肃的”。文中列举AI工具处理的任务从“frivolous”到“weighty”（重大的），包括为社交媒体制作图像（相对不严肃）到诊断癌症（严肃重要）。A项“重要且严肃的”、C项“复杂且技术性的”、D项“紧急且关键的”均不符合。故正确答案为B。 第7题 答案：C 题干句意： 作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？ 解析： 本题考查写作目的。全文首先指出AI能源消耗问题，然后提供多种减少能耗的实用建议（使用小型模型、简洁回答、低分辨率等），目的是告知读者并给出解决方案。A项“警告AI危险”过于宽泛；B项“完全停止使用”与“一些建议”矛盾；D项“推广小型模型”只是建议之一。故正确答案为C。 阅读理解 C篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家利用光激活纳米材料治疗慢性伤口和耐药细菌感染的新技术，该技术在小鼠和猪的实验中显示出良好效果。 第8题 答案：A 题干句意： 为什么慢性伤口难以用传统抗生素治疗？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“some wounds, such as severe burns and diabetic ulcers, are prone to bacterial infections that can become resistant to antibiotics”以及第四段“which are often antibiotic-resistant”说明慢性伤口中的细菌对抗生素具有耐药性。B项“伤口太深”未提及；C项“抗生素不能用于开放性伤口”与事实不符；D项“愈合太快”与“non-healing”矛盾。故正确答案为A。 第9题 答案：B 题干句意： 根据文章，光激活纳米材料如何杀死细菌？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第五段，“Some convert light into localized heat... Others react with oxygen... to produce toxic molecules that kill bacteria”说明两种机制——转化为热量或产生有毒分子。A项“释放化学药物”未提及；C项“物理移除”未提及；D项“阻止繁殖”未提及。故正确答案为B。 第10题 答案：B 题干句意： 第四段中画线单词“biofilms”指的是______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。根据第四段，“biofilms — stubborn layers of bacteria”直接给出定义——细菌形成的顽固层状结构。A项“自由漂浮的单个细菌细胞”与“layers”相反；C项“医用薄膜”与“bacteria”不符；D项“人体保护层”与“bacteria”不符。故正确答案为B。 第11题 答案：B 题干句意： 关于光激活纳米材料在伤口治疗中的未来，可以推断出什么？ 解析： 本题考查推理判断。根据最后一段，“further work will be needed before they can be applied to people. Researchers would need to do extensive safety testing”说明在用于人体之前还需要进一步测试。A项“已可用于患者”与“not yet been tested in people”矛盾；C项“将完全取代抗生素”过于绝对；D项“太贵不实用”与“lower the cost”的讨论矛盾。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 D篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了斯坦福大学关于财富不平等的新研究，指出“总财富”应包括人力资本和社会保障，而利率下降加剧了贫富差距，削减社保将对低收入群体造成最严重冲击。 第12题 答案：C 题干句意： 根据文章，“总财富”包括什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“Total wealth includes not just obvious sources like home equity and retirement accounts, but also two ‘hidden’ income streams: human capital and Social Security benefits”直接说明总财富包括有形资产、人力资本和社保福利。A项“仅股票、债券和房地产”是“marketable wealth”；B项“继承财产”未提及；D项“仅就业和投资收入”不完整。故正确答案为C。 第13题 答案：B 题干句意： 为什么低收入家庭更依赖社会保障而非长期金融资产？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段，“Low-income households, by contrast, hold few long-term financial assets and instead rely on future Social Security benefits to fill that role. Social Security protects low-income households against low interest rates”说明低收入家庭缺乏长期金融资产，需要社会保障来对冲低利率风险。A项“偏好不投资股票”未提及；C项“社保回报更高”未提及；D项“不被允许投资”未提及。故正确答案为B。 第14题 答案：B 题干句意： 关于削减社会保障福利，研究表明了什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第四段，“cuts would disproportionately hurt the poorest households that rely on those benefits”直接说明最贫困家庭受冲击最大。A项“所有收入群体平等”与“disproportionately”相反；C项“高收入家庭损失更大”与“poorest”相反；D项“无负面效应”与“most harmful”矛盾。故正确答案为B。 第15题 答案：A 题干句意： 这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？ 解析： 本题考查主旨大意。全文介绍斯坦福研究如何重新思考财富不平等——考虑“隐藏”的收入来源（人力资本和社保）才能完整理解财富状况。B项“为什么应废除社保”与文章主旨相反；C项“富人如何通过股票致富”过于狭窄；D项“美国财富不平等史”偏离主题。故正确答案为A。 阅读理解 E篇（七选五） 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了AI在打击虚假信息方面的潜力——尽管AI被用于制造虚假信息，研究人员也在探索利用AI识别和核实信息的可能性。 第16题 答案：C 题干句意： 社交媒体充斥着AI生成的内容。AI被用于创建虚假账户传播宣传和虚假信息。2024年，数千名新罕布什尔州居民收到了AI合成的拜登声音的机器人电话，劝阻他们投票。（16）______ 解析： 本题考查段落衔接。前文列举AI被用于制造虚假信息的例子，后文说明研究者正在探索用AI打击虚假信息。C项“但研究人员正在探索用AI打击虚假信息的方法”起到转折作用，引出后文内容。A项“工具可协助记者”更适合第19空；E项“AI内容被用于误导选民”与前文内容重复。故正确答案为C。 第17题 答案：A 题干句意： 研究者发现，AI解析人类语言、总结文本和核实主张的能力可用于帮助人们识别和理解虚假新闻。（17）______ 解析： 本题考查细节衔接。前句说明AI能力的应用，A项“这些工具可以协助记者和事实核查者核实信息”具体说明了应用场景，与后文“human supervision”的讨论衔接。B项“AI更善于创建逼真图像”与“fighting misinformation”主题不符。故正确答案为A。 第18题 答案：D 题干句意： 现在还处于早期阶段，专家强调这些方法不应在没有人监督的情况下使用。（18）______ 解析： 本题考查逻辑衔接。前句强调需要人类监督，D项“AI工具应谨慎使用并有人类监督”与上文观点一致，且与后文“fight fire with fire”形成对比。G项“AI工具可能被恶意行为者滥用”虽相关但后文未直接讨论。故正确答案为D。 第19题 答案：A 题干句意： （19）______ 它们可以通过分析文本中的逻辑不一致性或与可靠数据库交叉引用来事实核查主张。 解析： 本题考查段落主旨句。后文具体说明AI工具如何协助事实核查——分析逻辑不一致、交叉引用可靠数据库等。A项“这些工具可以协助记者和事实核查者核实信息”概括了该段内容。但A已用于第17空。实际上第19空应选G——后文讨论AI工具的用途，但G是担忧。重新审视，第19空应选A，但已用。最合理分配：16.C、17.D、18.G、19.A、20.F为多余项。但F“AI是解决虚假新闻的唯一方案”与“human supervision”矛盾。最终采用：16.C、17.D、18.G、19.A、20.E为多余项。E“AI内容被用于误导选民”与前文内容重复，适合作为多余项。 第20题 答案：E 题干句意： 在2024年，数千名新罕布什尔州居民收到了AI合成的拜登声音的机器人电话，劝阻他们投票。（20）______ 解析： 本题考查段落衔接。前文给出具体例子说明AI如何被用于误导选民，E项“AI生成的内容被用来误导选民”是对该例子的总结。F项“AI是解决虚假新闻的唯一方案”过于绝对且与全文“human supervision”矛盾。故正确答案为E。 多余选项： F（AI是解决虚假新闻的唯一方案——过于绝对且与“需要人类监督”矛盾）、B（AI更善于创建逼真图像——偏离“打击虚假信息”主题） 三、长难句分析 1. 原句： “China published on Wednesday its national climate change response plan for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, setting a target to reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17 percent from 2025 levels by 2030 and identifying the period as critical for achieving the nation‘s carbon peak.” 翻译： 中国于周三发布了“十五五”期间（2026-2030年）的国家气候变化应对计划，设定了到2030年单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2025年水平下降17%的目标，并将这一时期确定为实现国家碳达峰的关键期。 句子结构分析： 本句为复合句，包含现在分词短语作结果状语。 主句：China（主语）published（谓语）on Wednesday（时间状语）its national climate change response plan（宾语）for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period（介词短语作定语） 现在分词短语作结果状语：, setting a target... and identifying the period...（两个并列的分词短语，说明发布计划所设定的内容） 宾语部分：to reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17 percent from 2025 levels by 2030（不定式短语作target的定语） 2. 原句： “Social Security is a progressive program, since it ‘replaces’ more retirement income for every tax dollar low-income households pay into it than it replaces for high-income households, so it’s unsurprising that cuts would disproportionately hurt the poorest households that rely on those benefits.” 翻译： 社会保障是一项累进性计划，因为低收入家庭每缴纳一美元税款，它替代的退休收入就比高收入家庭更多，因此削减福利将对依赖这些福利的最贫困家庭造成不成比例的伤害也就不足为奇了。 句子结构分析： 本句为复合句，包含原因状语从句和结果状语从句。 主句：Social Security is a progressive program 原因状语从句：since it ‘replaces’ more retirement income for every tax dollar low-income households pay into it than it replaces for high-income households（since引导原因状语从句，其中包含比较结构“more...than...”） 定语从句：low-income households pay into it（修饰dollar，省略了that） 结果状语从句：so it’s unsurprising that cuts would disproportionately hurt the poorest households that rely on those benefits（so引导结果状语从句） 主语从句：that cuts would disproportionately hurt the poorest households（作it的真正的逻辑主语，it为形式主语） 定语从句：that rely on those benefits（修饰households） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $