02-高考阅读理解专题 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 高考阅读理解专题训练以自然科学、文化传播等多元语篇为载体，系统整合细节定位、词义猜测、逻辑衔接等解题方法，构建“题型-方法-语境”三维训练体系，强化语言理解与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|A篇1-4题|原文精准定位，排除干扰项|从具体信息提取到事实判断，培养信息筛选能力| |词义猜测|A篇2题/B篇6题|上下文语境分析，近义替换|通过语境逻辑推导词义，提升语言解码能力| |七选五|C篇9-13题|段落衔接与主题匹配|从句子关联到语篇结构，强化逻辑思维品质|

Branch 02 高考阅读理解专题 （建议用时：35 min） 一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Every autumn, millions of migratory birds begin their long journey southward, crossing continents and oceans in search of warmer habitats. Among them, the Arctic tern stands out for its unique migration pattern, traveling approximately 70,000 kilometers each year—the longest of any species. Scientists have long been fascinated by this remarkable feat, but many questions remain unanswered. How do these birds navigate with such precision? What enables them to endure such extreme conditions? Recent research has shed new light on these mysteries. Using lightweight tracking devices, biologists have collected data that reveal the birds' flight paths with astonishing detail. The findings suggest that Arctic terns rely on a combination of celestial cues, Earth's magnetic field, and even visual landmarks. However, climate change poses a growing threat to these delicate travelers. Rising temperatures affect the availability of their prey, while extreme weather events can disrupt their carefully timed schedule. Conservation efforts are urgently needed to protect the critical stopover sites where these birds rest and feed. Unfortunately, many of these areas are threatened by human activities such as coastal development and pollution. Some countries have established protected zones, but enforcement remains a challenge. Experts emphasize that international cooperation is essential for the survival of these migratory populations. For birdwatchers and nature lovers, the arrival of migratory birds is a moment of pure wonder. Their annual journey symbolizes the resilience of nature and the interconnection of our planet. Nevertheless, we must recognize that our actions have a direct impact on their future. Reducing plastic waste, supporting sustainable fishing, and participating in citizen science projects are small but meaningful ways to contribute to their protection. As one biologist put it, "Their survival is not just about the birds—it is about the health of the entire ecosystem we all share." 1. What enables Arctic terns to navigate during migration? A. They rely solely on visual landmarks. B. They use a combination of celestial cues, magnetic fields, and visual landmarks. C. They follow other bird species. D. They depend on human-made tracking devices. 2. The underlined word "disrupt" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to: A. destroy B. interrupt C. delay D. simplify 3. What is the main threat to migratory birds mentioned in the passage? A. Lack of tracking technology. B. Climate change and human activities. C. Competition with other bird species. D. Insufficient international cooperation. 4. What does the author suggest individuals can do to help protect migratory birds? A. Establish protected zones. B. Conduct scientific research on migration patterns. C. Reduce plastic waste and support sustainable fishing. D. Enforce environmental laws more strictly. B China's contemporary cultural influence is spreading across the globe, but the process has not always been smooth. For decades, Chinese culture was often misunderstood or oversimplified in the West. However, in recent years, a genuine appreciation for Chinese traditions has been growing, driven by multiple forces. One significant factor is the international success of Chinese films and television dramas. Productions like The Wandering Earth and Nirvana in Fire have gained loyal audiences worldwide, offering fresh perspectives on Chinese values and storytelling. These works do not simply imitate Western models; they present distinctly Chinese narratives that resonate with universal human themes. Meanwhile, Chinese literature—both classical and modern—has found new readers across continents, thanks to improved translations and digital platforms. Another key element is the global popularity of traditional Chinese practices such as calligraphy, martial arts, and tea ceremony. These cultural activities appeal to people seeking balance and mindfulness in fast-paced modern lives. Many non-Chinese practitioners spend years mastering these arts, not as tourists but as sincere students. Their dedication helps bridge cultural divides and foster mutual respect. Yet challenges remain. Cultural exchange is a two-way street; misunderstandings can arise when elements are taken out of context or commercialized excessively. Some critics worry that the essence of Chinese culture might be lost in the process of adaptation for foreign markets. Nevertheless, many scholars believe that authentic dialogue is possible if both sides approach with openness and curiosity. The future of Chinese cultural dissemination looks promising. As more people around the world engage with Chinese culture, stereotypes are gradually replaced by nuanced understanding. This cultural conversation is not about domination but about sharing—sharing stories, wisdom, and beauty that belong to all humanity. Ultimately, the goal is not to erase differences but to celebrate them while finding common ground. 5. According to the passage, what has contributed to the growing appreciation of Chinese culture abroad? A. The Chinese government's cultural promotion policies. B. The international success of Chinese films, TV dramas, and literature. C. The decline of Western cultural influence. D. The large number of Chinese tourists traveling overseas. 6. The underlined word "dissemination" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to: A. development B. spread C. discussion D. decline 7. What concern is raised about the spread of Chinese culture? A. It may lead to cultural conflicts. B. The essence of Chinese culture might be lost due to over-commercialization. C. Chinese culture is too complex for foreigners to understand. D. Western culture will be dominated by Chinese influence. 8. What is the author's overall attitude toward the future of Chinese cultural spread? A. Optimistic but cautious. B. Deeply worried. C. Completely indifferent. D. Strongly critical. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 C Space exploration has long captured the human imagination.  9  Yet the journey beyond Earth's atmosphere is not merely a matter of curiosity—it holds practical significance for our future on this planet. One of the most immediate benefits of space research is technological innovation.  10  From memory foam to scratch-resistant lenses, space technology has found its way into everyday products, improving the quality of life for millions. Moreover, satellite technology has revolutionized communication, weather forecasting, and navigation systems that we now take for granted. Another critical aspect is the monitoring of Earth's environment. Satellites equipped with advanced sensors allow scientists to track climate change, deforestation, and ocean health with unprecedented precision.  11  Without this data, our understanding of global warming would be far less complete, and our ability to respond to environmental crises would be severely limited. 12  The International Space Station (ISS) serves as a unique laboratory where astronauts from different countries conduct experiments in micro-gravity, studying everything from human biology to material science. These experiments have led to breakthroughs in medicine, including new treatments for diseases that affect millions on Earth. However, space exploration is not without its critics. Some argue that the enormous expense of space missions could be better spent on solving problems here on Earth, such as poverty and disease.  13  They point out that many of the technologies we rely on today—from GPS to weather satellites—are direct results of space research, and that the knowledge gained from exploring the cosmos ultimately benefits all of humanity. As we look to the future, space exploration will likely continue to expand, with plans for lunar bases and manned missions to Mars on the horizon. While the challenges are immense, the potential rewards—both practical and inspirational—are equally great. A. International cooperation is another vital dimension of space exploration. B. The Moon is no longer the final frontier for human exploration. C. Many everyday inventions owe their existence to research conducted in space. D. The space race between countries has intensified in recent years. E. Supporters, however, argue that the long-term benefits far outweigh the costs. F. From the first moon landing to the latest Mars rovers, each mission expands our understanding of the universe. G. This data is essential for making informed environmental policies. 参考答案与解析 阅读理解 A篇 第1题 答案：B 解析：文中第二段明确指出："The findings suggest that Arctic terns rely on a combination of celestial cues, Earth's magnetic field, and even visual landmarks." A项"仅依赖视觉地标"与原文不符；C项"跟随其他鸟类"和D项"依赖人造追踪装置"文中均未提及。 第2题 答案：B 解析："disrupt"在上下文中意为"扰乱、中断"，与interrupt（打断、中断）意思最接近。destroy（破坏）程度过重；delay（延迟）和simplify（简化）均不符合语境。 第3题 答案：B 解析：文中第二段提到"climate change poses a growing threat"，第三段提到"many of these areas are threatened by human activities such as coastal development and pollution"，因此主要威胁是气候变化和人类活动。A项"缺乏追踪技术"、C项"与其他鸟类竞争"、D项"国际合作不足"均非文中所述主要威胁。 第4题 答案：C 解析：文中最后一段明确指出"Reducing plastic waste, supporting sustainable fishing, and participating in citizen science projects are small but meaningful ways to contribute to their protection." A项"建立保护区"和D项"更严格执法"是政府层面的行动，B项"开展科学研究"是科学家的工作，均非文中建议的个人行为。 阅读理解 B篇 第5题 答案：B 解析：文中第二段明确指出中国电影、电视剧和文学作品的国际成功是推动中国文化海外传播的重要因素。A项"政府文化推广政策"文中未提及；C项"西方文化影响力下降"和D项"中国游客数量"均与文意不符。 第6题 答案：B 解析："dissemination"意为"传播、散播"，与spread（传播）意思最接近。development（发展）、discussion（讨论）、decline（衰退）均不符合语境。 第7题 答案：B 解析：文中第四段提到"Some critics worry that the essence of Chinese culture might be lost in the process of adaptation for foreign markets." A项"导致文化冲突"、C项"中国文化过于复杂"、D项"西方文化被主导"均非文中提到的担忧。 第8题 答案：A 解析：文中最后一段既表达了乐观态度（"The future looks promising"），也承认存在挑战（"misunderstandings can arise"），因此作者的总体态度是"乐观但谨慎"。B项"深感担忧"、C项"完全漠不关心"、D项"强烈批评"均不准确。 阅读理解 C篇（七选五） 第9题 答案：F 解析：前一句提到太空探索长期吸引人类想象，F项"从第一次登月到最新的火星探测器，每一次任务都拓展了我们对宇宙的认识"承接上文，具体说明太空探索如何激发人类想象。后一句提到"然而，超越地球大气层的旅程不仅仅是出于好奇"，F项中的具体任务例证自然引出下文的转折。 第10题 答案：C 解析：前一句提到太空研究最直接的益处之一是技术创新，C项"许多日常发明都归功于太空研究"是对这一观点的具体展开。后一句"从记忆海绵到防刮镜片"正是对C项中"everyday inventions"的举例说明。 第11题 答案：G 解析：前一句提到卫星让科学家以前所未有的精度追踪气候变化等问题，G项"这些数据对制定明智的环境政策至关重要"承接上文，说明这些数据的重要用途。后一句"没有这些数据，我们对全球变暖的理解将远不够完整"与G项形成对比（有数据vs.无数据），逻辑连贯。 第12题 答案：A 解析：该段介绍国际空间站上各国宇航员合作开展实验，A项"国际合作是太空探索的另一个重要维度"是该段的主题句，概括了整段内容。后文具体描述ISS上的国际合作实验，是对A项的展开说明。 第13题 答案：E 解析：前一句提到批评者认为太空探索的巨额开支本可用于解决地球上的问题，E项"然而，支持者认为长期收益远大于成本"与上文形成转折，引出支持者的观点。后一句"他们指出我们今天依赖的许多技术都是太空研究的直接成果"正是对E项中"long-term benefits"的具体阐释。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $