Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading for Writing 单元基础检测-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以太空探索为主题，通过基础、能力提升、拓展培优三级分层设计，构建从词汇拼写、语法应用到语篇理解的知识巩固路径，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础练|核心词汇（16词）、基础语法（10题）|结合太空主题，强化词汇拼写（如global, fatal）和固定搭配（result in, as a result）| |能力提升练|句型转换、语境应用（5句）|汉译英补全句子，衔接基础词汇与句式表达（如“随着地球资源的不断耗尽”）| |拓展培优练|语篇理解、逻辑推理（2篇）|真实情境完形（宇航员经历）与科技阅读（火星制氧），提升综合语言运用与思维品质|

高一英语校本作业 ⭐⭐⭐Where there is a will, there is a way. PART 4 Reading for Writing 【基础练】 Ⅰ. 单词拼写 根据首字母和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。 1.The g_____ (全球的) community pays close attention to space exploration. 2.A tiny piece of space junk can cause f_____ (致命的) damage to a spacecraft. 3.We should not hold a s_____ (肤浅的) view of space research. 4.Scientists found a fixed p_____ (模式) in the planet’s regular movement. 5.Wrong operations may r_____ (导致) in serious space accidents. 6.The a_____ (分析) of space data helps us know the universe better. 7.We use special machines to m_____ (监测) the space station’s condition. 8.Water takes different f_____ (形式) in the weightless environment. 9.The special f_____ (泡沫) material protects the spacecraft from extreme heat. 10.Astronauts use a specially designed p_____ (枕头) to sleep in space. 11.Astronauts can operate a s_____ (智能手机) in the Chinese space station. 12.Space exploration helps us find new r_____ (资源) for human development. 13.Special space c_____ (服装) protect astronauts from harmful radiation. 14.The origin of the universe remains a m_____ (谜) to human beings. 15.Astronauts a_____ (固定) themselves to the wall to sleep in weightlessness. 16.Astronauts need enough o_____ (氧气) to survive in outer space. Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The sudden engine failure resulted ______ the cancellation of the spacewalk mission. 2.Astronauts receive years of professional training. As ______ result, they can handle emergencies calmly. 3.The ground control team will provide ______ all the daily needs of the astronauts in orbit. 4.Astronauts ______ (regular) check the life support system to ensure its safety. 5.We must make full use of the ______ (limit) storage space in the space capsule. 6.The Chinese space station, ______ has completed over 200 scientific experiments, is a great achievement for China’s space industry. 7.The data ______ (collect) from the satellite has helped us predict space weather accurately. 8.Scientists are making continuous efforts ______ (unlock) the mystery of black holes. 9.We will never give up ______ (explore) the unknown areas of the universe. 10.Astronauts are well protected ______ their special space clothing when conducting spacewalks. 【能力提升练】 Ⅲ. 完成句子 根据所给汉语提示，补全句子。 1.________________________ (随着地球资源的不断耗尽), we need to seek new energy sources in space. 2.Many people ________________________ (对太空探索持有肤浅的看法), believing it is a waste of money. 3.This advanced technology ________________________ (已经带来了巨大的进步) in the field of space exploration. 4.Astronauts must ________________________ (把自己固定在舱壁上) to avoid floating around during sleep. 5.________________________ (对太空数据的详细分析) has helped scientists confirm the law of the planet’s movement. 【拓展培优练】 一．完形填空 I wanted to become an astronaut when I was just six years old.It was two years after I got out of university that NASA put out the announcement for new astronauts.I was so 1 and I carefully filled out the 2 form.And guess what happened? They politely 3 my application，twice，in four years. I knew I needed to do more.I looked into the 4 of the people who were successful in making it to the astronaut program.Most of them had 5 experience.So，I started taking the required lessons. As I got my pilot’s license，there was another astronaut selection.This time，I made a step further.I 6 all the medical tests.A week went by and suddenly some of my friends began 7 me saying the police were making inquiries(询问) about me.It turned out that NASA was doing a security background 8 and was looking at the police records to see if I had been in any trouble.I thought I had 9 it，but for the third time，NASA rejected me. The next morning，the 10 thought that popped into my head was that I still wanted to be an astronaut！By looking at the people NASA was selecting，I discovered that they 11 candidates who were already 12 at NASA.So，I 13 my job and worked there for three years.Soon thereafter，another astronaut selection took place.This time， 14 ，NASA said I was selected. It takes time to achieve your dreams and it takes persistence.But if you are willing to 15 ，you can achieve anything you want to in your lifetime. 1．A.surprised B．thrilled C．embarrassed D．worried 2．A.survey B．agreement C．application D．payment 3．A.declined B．reviewed C．updated D．approved 4．A.character B．background C．family D．availability 5．A.cycling B．diving C．flying D．climbing 6．A.skipped B．passed C．missed D．attended 7．A.calling B．requesting C．questioning D．suggesting 8．A.description B．analysis C．report D．check 9．A.made B．overcame C．attempted D．completed 10．A.first B．practical C．creative D．hopeful 11．A.identified B．discovered C．reminded D．chose 12．A.donating B．working C．approaching D．assisting 13．A.insisted B．exchanged C．applied D．quit 14．A.strangely B．secretly C．eventually D．coldly 15．A.take on responsibility B．stay real C．put in effort D．think twice B Scientists have already established from ①multiple studies that Mars contains large amounts of water.Most of the water exists in the form of ice.Chinese researchers say they have built an artificial intelligence(AI) robot that can use materials found on Mars to produce catalysts (催化剂) to break down water and ②release oxygen.It could be another way for space travelers in the future to make much-needed oxygen on Mars. Experiments were carried out on meteorites that either came from Mars or contained materials similar to the Martian surface.The “robot chemist” first used an acid and chemical ③mixture to separate and examine materials contained in the meteorites.It identified several different metallic elements and then worked to identify different molecules(分子) that could be produced from meteorite materials.The system found more than 3.7 million possible molecule combinations.The robot used that data to predict which catalysts would be able to ④split water molecules to produce oxygen.The catalyst chosen as the best fit was able to operate at minus 37 degrees Celsius.This temperature is similar to current conditions on Mars. The study’s lead writer，Jun Jiang，said that as a boy，he often dreamed of being able to one day travel in space.“So when we finally saw that the catalysts made by the robot could actually produce oxygen by splitting water molecules，I felt like my dream was coming true.I even started to imagine that I，myself，will live on Mars in the future.” A report explaining the study’s results notes Jiang suggests that for every square meter of Martian material，his group’s system could produce nearly 60 grams of oxygen per hour.The researchers say this level of production could remove the need for future astronauts to transport oxygen from Earth.The robot can work continuously for years. Jiang said，“It could also be used to produce other useful catalysts on Mars.This could include processes for making substances to support the growth of plants that could be used to produce food for astronauts.Different chemicals can be made by this robot.Mars might also not be the only place where it could find other uses，suggesting the moon as another possibility.” 5．What do Chinese scientists use AI robots to do in the research? A．To collect water data from Mars. B．To produce oxygen from water on Mars. C．To explore the ice coverage on Mars. D．To assist humans in settling down on Mars. 6．Which aspect of the research does paragraph 2 focus on? A．Its process. B．Its scale. C．Its result. D．Its effect. 7．Why does the author mention Jiang’s dream? A．To explain the chemical reaction. B．To advocate space travel. C．To prove the success of the study. D．To show the future life on Mars. 8．What does Jiang stress in the last paragraph? A．The substances for growing plants on Mars. B．The existence of oxygen on the moon. C．The possible discovery of chemicals on Mars. D．The potential application of AI robots. Part4 答案 答案解析 Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1.global 2.fatal 3.shallow 4.pattern 5.result 6.analysis 7.monitor 8.forms 9.foam 10.pillow 11.smartphone 12.resources 13.clothing 14.mystery 15.attach 16.oxygen Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 1.in 【解析】考点：高考高频固定短语的介词搭配。result in为高考核心短语，意为“导致；造成”，前后为前因后果逻辑。 2.a 【解析】考点：冠词的固定搭配。as a result为高考高频固定短语，意为“因此；结果”，不定冠词a为固定用法。 3.for 【解析】考点：动词短语的介词搭配。provide for为高考核心短语，意为“为……提供所需；供给”，符合地面团队为宇航员提供保障的语境。 4.regularly 【解析】考点：词性转换（形容词→副词）。修饰动词check需用副词，regular的副词形式为regularly。 5.limited 【解析】考点：词性转换（动词→形容词）。修饰名词space需用形容词，limit的形容词形式limited意为“有限的”，符合太空舱空间有限的语境。 6.which 【解析】考点：非限制性定语从句引导词。先行词为The Chinese space station（指物），从句缺少主语，逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句只能用which，不可用that。 7.collected 【解析】考点：非谓语动词（过去分词）。名词data与动词collect为被动关系，用过去分词collected作后置定语，表被动和完成。 8.to unlock 【解析】考点：非谓语动词（不定式）。固定搭配make efforts to do sth.（努力做某事），用不定式to unlock作目的状语。 9.exploring 【解析】考点：非谓语动词（动名词）。固定搭配give up doing sth.（放弃做某事），介词up后接动名词exploring作宾语。 10.in 【解析】考点：介词的固定用法。in clothing为指定考点，意为“穿着……服装”，符合宇航员穿着航天服的语境。 Ⅲ. 完成句子 参考答案 1.With the Earth's resources running out 2.hold a shallow view of space exploration 3.has resulted in great progress 4.attach themselves to the cabin wall 5.The detailed analysis of space data BCABC BADAA DBDCC 语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者想成为美国国家航空航天局的宇航员，但是申请了多次都以失败告终，最终通过自己的不懈努力和坚定决心实现了自己的梦想。 1．A.surprised B．thrilled C．embarrassed D．worried 答案　B 解析　surprised惊讶的；thrilled兴奋的，激动的；embarrassed尴尬的；worried担忧的。根据前文可知作者从小梦想成为宇航员，听说NASA招聘新宇航员的消息后应该是感到兴奋的。故选B。 2．A.survey B．agreement C．application D．payment 答案　C 解析　survey 调查；agreement同意；application申请；payment支付。根据后文“They politely my application，twice，in four years.”可知，作者填写了申请表。故选C。 3．A.declined B．reviewed C．updated D．approved 答案　A 解析　decline拒绝；review评论；update更新；approve赞成。根据后文“I knew I needed to do more.”可知，他们拒绝了作者的申请，所以作者需要做更多努力。故选A。 4．A.character B．background C．family D．availability 答案　B 解析　character品质，性格；background背景；family家人，家庭；availability可用性。根据后文“Most of them had experience.”可知那些成功入选宇航员项目的人都有经验，所以是调查了背景。故选B。 5．A.cycling B．diving C．flying D．climbing 答案　C 解析　cycling骑行；diving 潜水；flying飞行；climbing爬山。根据后文“As I got my pilot’s license，there was another astronaut selection.”可知作者去学习了飞行，所以此处指的是有飞行经验。故选C。 6．A.skipped B．passed C．missed D．attended 答案　B 解析　skip跳过，掠过；pass 通过；miss错过；attend参加。根据后文“It turned out that NASA was doing a security background and was looking at the police records to see if I had been in any trouble.”可知，作者是通过了医学检查，然后NASA对作者做背景调查。故选B。 7．A.calling B．requesting C．questioning D．suggesting 答案　A 解析　call打电话；request要求；question质疑；suggest建议。根据后文“saying the police were making inquiries (询问) about me”可知，应该是朋友打电话给作者，告诉作者这件事情。故选A。 8．A.description B．analysis C．report D．check 答案　D 解析　description描述；analysis分析；report报道；check调查。根据后文“was looking at the police records to see if I had been in any trouble”可知，NASA是在做背景调查。故选D。 9．A.made B．overcame C．attempted D．completed 答案　A 解析　make成为，达到；overcome克服；attempt尝试；complete完成。根据后文的“but”和“NASA rejected me”可知，作者本以为自己成功了。make it为固定搭配，意为“获得成功”。故选A。 10．A.first B．practical C．creative D．hopeful 答案　A 解析　first第一的；practical实际的；creative有创造力的；hopeful有希望的。根据后文“I still wanted to be an astronaut”可知，作者失败之后的第一个想法仍然是成为一名宇航员。故选A。 11．A.identified B．discovered C．reminded D．chose 答案　D 解析　identify发现，识别；discover发现；remind使想起；choose选择。根据前文“By looking at the people NASA was selecting”可知，此处指的是他们选择的候选人。故选D。 12．A.donating B．working C．approaching D．assisting 答案　B 解析　donate捐赠；work工作；approach接近；assist帮助。根据后文“So，I my job and worked there for three years.”可知，NASA选的是已经在NASA工作的侯选人。故选B。 13．A.insisted B．exchanged C．applied D．quit 答案　D 解析　insist坚持认为；exchange交换；apply申请；quit停止。根据后文“worked there for three years”可知，作者是辞去了原本的工作，转而去了NASA。故选D。 14．A.strangely B．secretly C．eventually D．coldly 答案　C 解析　strangely奇怪地；secretly秘密地；eventually最后，最终；coldly冷漠地。根据后文“NASA said I was selected”可知，经过多年的努力，作者最终被选中了。故选C。 15．A.take on responsibility B．stay real C．put in effort D．think twice 答案　C 解析　take on responsibility承担责任；stay real保持真实；put in effort付出努力；think twice再三思考。根据后文“you can achieve anything you want to in your lifetime”并结合作者的经历可知，只要你付出努力，你会实现梦想的。故选C。 BACD 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国科学家制造了一种人工智能机器人，可以利用火星上发现的材料来生产催化剂，以分解水并释放氧气。这可能是未来太空旅行者制造火星上急需的氧气的另一种方式。 5．答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Chinese researchers say they have built an artificial intelligence(AI) robot that can use materials found on Mars to produce catalysts (催化剂) to break down water and release oxygen.”可知，中国科学家在研究中使用人工智能机器人用火星上的水产生氧气。故选B。 6．答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Experiments were carried out on meteorites that either came from Mars or contained materials similar to the Martian surface.The ‘robot chemist’ first used an acid and chemical mixture...and then worked to...The robot used that data...”可知，本段的重点是研究的过程。故选A。 7．答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“So when we finally saw that the catalysts made by the robot could actually produce oxygen by splitting water molecules，I felt like my dream was coming true.I even started to imagine that I，myself，will live on Mars in the future.”可知，作者提到江俊的童年梦想可以因此项研究而实现是为了体现这项研究的成功。故选C。 8．答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段江俊所说“It could also be used to produce other useful catalysts on Mars.This could include...Different chemicals can be made by this robot.Mars might also not be the only place where it could find other uses，suggesting the moon as another possibility.”可推知，江俊强调了机器人的其他潜在作用，包括生产其他物质、应用于其他星球等。故选D。 高一年级英语必修3 Unit 4校本作业 第1页·(共 25 页) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $