Unit 6 Period 4 Developing ideas（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

该高中英语课件围绕Unit 6 "Earth first"主题，聚焦“绿色真相”辨析，通过Fast reading梳理文本结构、Careful reading分析细节及写作手法，结合语言知识梳理（词汇、句型、长难句）搭建学习支架，帮助学生构建环保话题的语言理解与表达能力。 其亮点在于以任务驱动培养思维品质，如通过辨析纸袋与塑料袋的环保性等误区提升批判性思维，融入低碳生活写作等活动增强文化意识，采用语篇分析与语法填空等方法强化语言能力。学生能提升综合语言运用与问题解决能力，教师可依托系统资源高效实施教学。

Period 4 Developing ideas Earth first Unit 6 内容索引 Step 1　课文深度理解 Step 2　语言知识梳理 Step 3　基础达标检测 作业4 课文深度理解 Task 1 Fast reading for the structure of the text. Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below. energy reusable using power leak supply local energy depends Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text. What is the main idea of the passage? A.Introducing what is really green. B.Encouraging people to become greener. C.Sharing some experience in environmental protection. D.Recommending some measures to raise people’s environmental awareness. √ Task 2 Careful reading for the details of the text. 1.What’s the structure of the passage? (P＝Paragraph) √ 2.Which of the following is green? A.To spend 8 minutes having a bath. B.To take a shower more than 8 minutes. C.To try to take a bath instead of a shower. D.To keep your shower time as short as possible. √ 3.How does the author develop the passage? A.By listing numbers and reasons. B.By making comparisons. C.By introducing his own experience. D.By raising questions and solving them. √ 4.What is the purpose of the text? A.To introduce some new ways to save energy. B.To correct the false green truths and show really green ones. C.To call on more people to protect the environment. D.To explain the importance of energy saving. √ Task 3 Translate the following phrases into English. 1.爱护，照顾，照料 2.大多数…… 3.采取措施做某事 4.节约能源 5.纸购物袋 6.野生动物 7.把……误认为…… 8.分解；(机械等)出故障；(身体)出毛病，垮掉 ___________ ________________ __________________ ___________ __________________ ____________ ______________ ____________ take care of the majority of... take steps to do sth save energy paper shopping bag wild animal mistake...for... break down 9.多达，至多有 10.……的数量 11.产生更多的温室气体 12.事实上 13.对环境有害 14.关上设备 15.进入待机状态 16.继续做某事 _____ _____________ ____________________________ ______ _________________________ ________________ ____________________ ________________ the amount of produce more greenhouse gases in fact be bad for the environment turn off a device go into stand-by mode up to continue to do sth 17.把……从……移走/去掉 18.常识 19.考虑某事 20.洗淋浴 21.多于，不仅仅，非常 22.环保意识 23.日常生活 24.在某些情况下 _______________ ______________ ___________________ _____________ __________ _______________________ ________ _____________ common sense take sth into account take a shower more than environmental awareness daily life remove...from... in some cases [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 我们绝大多数人都意识到我们必须保护环境，我们中的大多数人都采取措施节约能源，减少浪费和污染。 Task 4 Analyse some long and difficult sentences. 1.Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment，and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.(P90 Para.1) [结构分析] 本句是一个由and连接的 句，其中第一个分句中含有that引导的 从句。 并列复合 宾语 2.It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down，but much less time for paper.(P91 Para.2) [结构分析] 本句是一个省略句，but后的分句中省略了it takes和to break down。“it takes some time for sb/sth to do sth”句型，表示“___________ ”。 某人/某物做 某事花费多少时间 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ 塑料需要数百年才能分解，而纸的降解时间要短得多。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 这是因为电器即使已经被“关掉”了，却依然有电流从电器中流失。 3.This happens because electricity continues to leak from the device，even when it is turned “off”.(P91 Para.5) [结构分析] 此句是 句。because引导 从句，when引导____ 从句。 原因状语 复合 时间 状语 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 相比于运输，食物的生产过程才是消耗大部分能源及产生大部分温室气体的原因。 4.It is the production of food，not its transport，that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.(P91 Para.6) [结构分析] 本句是 句型，即“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”。本句强调的是 the production of food。 强调 主语 5.In some cases，local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.(P91 Para.6) [结构分析] 此句是 句。过去分词短语grown a long way away作____ ，修饰produce；taking into account its transport为现在分词短语作 。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 在有些情况下，即使将运输的因素考虑在内，本地的农产品也可能比距离遥远的外地种植的农产品耗能更多，产生的温室气体也更多。 简单 后置 定语 让步状语 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ 这取决于你淋浴的时间和你的浴缸大小。 6.It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.(P92 Para.7) [结构分析] 此句是 句。两个how都引导 从句，作介词on的 。 复合 宾语 宾语 7.But it’s worth checking common ideas and opinions to see what’s really green.(P92 Para.8) [结构分析] 此句是 句。此处是“it’s worth doing sth”句型，表示 “ ”；what’s really green是 从句，作see的 。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 但我们仍需仔细辨别我们已经习以为常的理念和观点中哪些才是真正“绿色环保”的。 复合 做某事是值得的 宾语 宾语 返 回 语言知识梳理 v.移走，搬走，去掉；脱去(衣服等)，摘下(removal n.移走，去掉；消除，清除；免职) [教材原句P91] To make sure your appliance is in fact off，remove the plug from its power supply. 为确保电器设备彻底关闭，请从电源上拔下电器插头。 1 remove remove...from...把……从……移开/撤掉 remove...to...把……移到…… remove one’s doubt消除某人的疑虑 (1)The next way was appointed for the (remove) of the newly-married couple from the remote village. (2)[人教版]The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015，the Tibetan antelope was removed the endangered species list. removal from (3)(应用文写作之感谢信)当我学习英语口语有困难时，你所说的话完全消除了我的疑虑。 When I have difficulty in learning oral English，what you said . 写作佳句 has completely removed my doubts 把……考虑进去 [教材原句P91] In some cases，local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport. 在有些情况下，即使将运输的因素考虑在内，本地的农产品也可能比距离遥远的外地种植的农产品耗能更多，产生的温室气体也更多。 2 take...into account ·take sth into account/consideration ＝take account of sth 把……考虑进去 on account of(＝because of)因为，由于 on no account(＝in no way)决不 ·account for解释，说明；占……(比例) (1)Everything (take) into account，I think we can use the stand-by mode to improve work efficiency. (2) account of his practical tips，I could successfully achieve my original target. taken On (3)(应用文写作之建议信)我真诚地希望您能考虑我的建议。期待尽快收到您的回复。 I sincerely hope that you can __________________________________ _______________________________________.Looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. (4)(读后续写之主题升华)我们任何情况下都不应该半途而废，我们应该做的是利用可能的机会来实现我们的梦想。 and what we should do is to take advantage of possible opportunities to realize our dreams. 写作佳句 take my suggestions into account/ consideration/take account of my suggestions On no account should we quit halfway v.敦促，竭力主张，强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望；冲动(urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的urgently adv.急切地 urgency n.紧急；急迫) [教材原句P94] It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on the dining table. 它敦促人们节约食物，不要在餐桌上浪费任何东西。 urge ·urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事 urge that...主张……(从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should＋动 词原形”，should可以省略) It is urged that...(should) do sth.坚决要求……做某事。 ·have an urge to do sth有做某事的冲动 3 (1)Our head teacher urged us students (give) a helping hand to each other to release our heavy pressure. ＝Our head teacher urged that we students (give) a helping hand to each other to release our heavy pressure. (2)[人教版] I had a strong urge (look) at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! to give (should) give to look (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)我们绝不能忽视保护环境的紧迫性。现在急需一些有效措施来应对这一问题。 On no account can we ignore ______________________________ __________，and there is for some effective measures to deal with this problem at present. (4)(应用文写作之发言稿)坚决要求我们改变对一些职业的看法，每种职业都是在为社会做贡献。 our view of some professions，each of which is contributing to society. 写作佳句 the urgency of environmental an urgent need It is urged that we (should) change protection adj.焦急的，担忧的；关心的；有关的(concern vt.涉及，与……有关；使担心 n.担心；关心 concerning prep.关于，涉及) [教材原句P95] We are concerned that... 我们担心…… [人教版] I’m concerned about the African elephants. 我很担忧非洲大象。 4 concerned ·be concerned about/for...担心…… be concerned with与……有关 as/so far as...be concerned就……而言 ·concern oneself about...关心…… it concerns sb that...令某人担忧的是…… (1)The presentation he made (concern) environmental protection urged us to take action，for it is concerned all of us. concerning with (2)(读后续写之动作＋心理描写)得知我的搭档病得很重，我很担心他，我像箭一样冲向医院。 Learning that my partner was seriously ill，I ________________ and rushed to the hospital like an arrow. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)就我而言，我们应该保持学习和休息之间的平衡，所以我提出一个建议，我们应该在课后做瑜伽。 ，we should keep a balance between study and rest，so I make a proposal that we should do yoga after class. 写作佳句 was concerned about/for him As/So far as I am concerned vi.促成，造成(某事发生) vt.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿(contribution n.贡献；捐款) [教材原句P96] Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint. 看看造成碳足迹的三个因素。 [北师大版] Obviously，certain kinds of knowledge are necessary not only to pursue certain careers but also to contribute to the world. 显然，某些知识不仅是追求某些职业所必需的，也是对世界作出贡献所必需的。 5 contribute ·contribute to有助于；促使；导致 contribute...to...向……捐献/捐赠……；向……投稿 ·make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth对……作出贡献 注意：(1)以上结构中to均为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语； (2)表示“引起；导致”的词汇还有cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。 (1)His donation contributed to (establish) a new school in the area affected by the flood. (2)He was praised due to the (contribute)he made to urging people to reduce pollution and protect the environment. establishing contribution/contributions (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)我呼吁每个人都为建设低碳校园作出贡献。 I call on everyone to _____________________________________ a low-carbon campus. 写作佳句 make contributions to/contribute to building adj.平均(数)的 n.平均水平，一般水准；平均数 v.平均为；计算出……的平均数 [教材原句P96] The average score of our group is... 我们组的平均分数是…… [人教版] How many elephants are killed on average every day？ 平均每天有多少头大象被杀死？ 6 average an average of...平均…… above/below (the) average在一般水准以上/下 on average平均；一般地 (1)He takes the flight to Guangzhou once a month (平均) to give a lecture to the staff in an international company. (2)He is concerned about his son’s maths，for his grade is _____________ (低于平均水平) in the maths exam. on average below (the) average (3)(应用文写作之告知信)所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。 All students have two PE classes a week and run for __________ every day. 写作佳句 an average of 20 minutes [教材原句P91] However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 然而，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。 [结构分析] 本句是一个较复杂的简单句。four times as much energy as和three times the amount of都是倍数表达法的结构。 7 倍数表达法 倍数＋as...as... 倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than... 倍数＋the size/height/weight/length/width/depth/...＋of... 倍数＋what从句 (1)The good news is that people’s average income is almost five times they earned ten years ago. what (2)新扩建的广场面积是原来的四倍，为居民提供了足够的锻炼空间。 ①The newly-broadened square is the previous one，giving the residents enough space for exercise.(倍数＋the＋n.＋of) ②The newly-broadened square is the previous one，giving the residents enough space for exercise.(倍数＋比较级＋than) ③The newly-broadened square is the previous one，giving the residents enough space for exercise.(倍数＋as...as...) 返 回 four times the size of four times larger than four times as large as 基础达标检测 1.As the school talent show began，electricity filled the hall.The performers waiting to perform on the stage were both excited and nervous. _____________ 2.What delighted him was that he had successfully removed their doubts through his efforts. _______ 3.I make sure that I will contribute two articles to the magazine every month. _______ 4.It’s not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average. __________________ Ⅰ.品句猜词 n.强烈的感情 vt.去除 v.撰稿 adj.普通的，一般的 1.Large of water have been polluted due to the chemicals released in the river. 2. plays an essential part in our daily life and we can’t imagine what will happen if our power supply is cut off for three days. 3.Our school urges us not to waste in the ，for every meal doesn’t come easy. 4.They were happy to see that the (大多数) of brochures were handed out. Ⅱ.单词拼写 amounts Electricity canteen majority 5.Many old-fashioned devices have been (移走，搬走) from the factory and the new ones are on the way. 6.Without (允许，许可) from the manager，you aren’t allowed to use any office device for personal tasks. removed permission 1.He has made an important (contribute) to sustainable development. 2.The government urges everyone (protect) oceans from being polluted. 3.Before he went aboard the plane，he told me that he would take my suggestion account. 4.As far as I am (concern)，we should take effective measures to protect endangered animals from extinction. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 contribution to protect into concerned 5.Every day，people use different digital devices like mobile phones，personal computers or tablets for 100.41 minutes average,15.5 percent higher than the year before. 6.The amount of money he spent on travel last year is three times it was three years ago. on what The majority of us take steps 1. (save) energy and reduce waste and pollution.But recently，some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true，or even 2. (complete) false.Here are some facts we should know. First of all，paper shopping bags are not 3. (good) than plastic ones.Because making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.The process also produces more greenhouse gases.So，take a 4. (reuse) bag with you when you go shopping. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 to save completely better reusable Secondly，when you turn off a device，it doesn’t stop 5. (use) power.This happens 6. electricity continues to leak from the device.The proper way is to remove the plug 7. its power supply. Thirdly，eating local food isn’t always better for the environment because the production of food uses most of the energy. Lastly,8. it’s better to take a shower or a bath 9.__________ (depend) on the amount of water we use. So it’s worth 10. (check) common ideas and opinions to see what’s really green. 返 回 using because from whether depends checking 作业4 1.He my luggage (错把……当作) his and took it home by mistake. 2.Some appliances in the department (坏掉) due to the fact that the electricity supply has been cut off frequently these days. 3.Before putting the computer into (待机模式)，remember to remove any external storage devices to avoid data loss. 4.When you want to use a friend’s item，it’s (常识) to ask for permission first，rather than just taking it without a word. Ⅰ.短语填空 mistook for have broken down stand-by mode common sense 5.When setting the price for this new product，we must ______________ (把……考虑在内)the average consumer income in the target market to ensure it’s affordable and competitive. take into account 1.如果我是最后一个离开房间的人，我会关掉电源，节约用电。 If I am the last to leave the room， . 2.我步行或者骑自行车去上学，减少碳的排放。(reduce) I go to school on foot or by bike . 3.当我去购物时，我会带一个可重复使用的袋子，我不允许我的家人使用塑料袋或纸袋。(permit，reusable) I when I go shopping and I ________________ . Ⅱ.主题微写作(应用文写作——我的低碳生活) I will turn off the power to save electricity to reduce the emission of carbon will take a reusable bag won’t permit my family to use plastic bags or paper bags 4.我会督促身边的人少喝瓶装水，减少白色污染。(urge) I will . 5.不要使用一次性碗筷，这会为一个更洁净的世界贡献力量。(contribute) Don’t use disposable bowls and chopsticks，_________________________ . 6.就我而言，只有我们每个人都尽自己的一分力量，我们才能建立一个更绿色的社会。(concern) ，only if we each do our part can we build a greener society. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 urge those around me to drink less bottled water to reduce white pollution which will contribute to a cleaner world As far as I am concerned A (2025·浙江杭州高一上期末) Naturalist Enzo Suma，who is now 43，lives in Puglia，a region in southern Italy whose long coastline faces the Adriatic Sea.Floating waste accumulates in this relatively enclosed part of the Mediterranean，unlike the open ocean，where the waste tends to be spread over a vast area.Feeling concerned about that，Suma makes it a habit to pick up the washed-up waste along the shore，especially after big winter storms. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述自然主义者Enzo Suma创办了Archeoplastica博物馆，通过展览向学校和社区展示塑料垃圾的持久性和环境影响，呼吁人们清理海滩、清理海洋和回收塑料以解决这一问题。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读 One day，Suma was walking along the beach near his home when he discovered a bottle.Suma noticed on the bottle that the price，clearly printed on the bottom，was in lire，a currency that hadn’t been used in Italy since it was replaced by the euro in 2002.Could a plastic container have well survived in the Mediterranean，he wondered，for over two decades? That led him to founding the Archeoplastica museum.It has a collection of about 500 unique pieces recovered from Italian shores and the bottle he first found is the first one of them.All collections demonstrate the unsettling life force of plastic waste in the environment.“Seeing that a product people may have used 30,40，or 50 years ago remains still unchanged，you’ll feel different.It’s a great shock，” Suma said to a reporter.So Suma often exhibits selected pieces from the Archeoplastica collection at local schools around his hometown of Ostuni. “The playful side of the work allows you to arrive at the less beautiful side of things，” Suma acknowledged.“Plastic is a kind of useful substance.But it’s unthinkable that a water bottle，made from a material designed to last so long，can be used for just a few days—or even minutes —before becoming garbage.Clean the beaches.Clean the oceans.Recycle. But if we are still throwing out plastics，none of those are going to be long-term solutions.” 1.What’s Suma’s concern about his living place? A.Its long coastline is disappearing. B.Big storms frequently hit the area. C.Floating waste spreads over a vast area. D.The waste pollution on shore is worsening. √ 细节理解题 。根据第一段中“Floating waste accumulates in this relatively enclosed part of the Mediterranean...”可知，他所在地区的海域相对封闭，海上漂浮的垃圾会不断累积，因此他担心的是不断恶化的岸边的垃圾污染问题。故选D。 解析 2.What can be learned about the objects in the Archeoplastica museum? A.They have a history of more than half a century. B.They were quite valuable before turning into waste. C.They’re more like educational exhibits than garbage. D.They have stronger life force than ordinary plastic products. √ 细节理解题 。根据第三段中“It has a collection of about 500 unique pieces...All collections demonstrate the unsettling life force of plastic waste in the environment.”可知，博物馆的展品其实就是这些能够长久存在的塑料垃圾，目的是唤起人们对此问题的关注，所以这些物品具有教育意义而非只是垃圾。故选C。 解析 3.Which of the following can best describe Enzo Suma? A.Creative，devoted and socially responsible. B.Enthusiastic，ambitious and adventurous. C.Generous，cautious and humorous. D.Curious，efficient and playful. √ 推理判断题 。通读文章可知，Enzo Suma关心环境问题，提出了颇具创新意义的解决方案，并践行自己的想法，可知他是一个有创造力、奉献精神和社会责任感的人。故选A。 解析 4.What does Suma intend to tell us by his words in the last paragraph? A.The birth of plastics has greatly served humans. B.The key to tackling the plastic pollution is to stop littering. C.The plastic problem can be solved by cleaning and recycling. D.People should be more aware of the powerful functions of plastics. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Suma认为如果人们继续扔塑料垃圾的话，那些诸如清理海滩等的方法都不会是长久之计，即他认为根本解决之道是停止乱扔垃圾。故选B。 解析 B(此篇精读) (2024·浙江温州高一下期中) Landfills are places where a large amount of waste and other refuse is buried in the ground.They are responsible for releasing a large amount of planet-warming methane gas into the atmosphere，a new study suggests. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，垃圾填埋场向大气中释放了大量使地球变暖的甲烷气体。文章对此进行了介绍。 The study，which was published in Science Advances on Wednesday，is aimed at helping local governments carry out targeted efforts to limit global warming by identifying areas of major concern.For this purpose，the scientists used satellite data from four major cities around the world—Delhi and Mumbai in India，Lahore in Pakistan and Buenos Aires in Argentina. Based on the collected data，scientists have drawn the conclusion that landfills are the third largest source of methane emissions worldwide，after oil and gas systems and agriculture.And further investigation shows that the methane released from the landfills is generated from the decomposition(分解) of natural waste in them，like food，wood or paper. Methane，though only accounting for about 11 percent of greenhouse gas emissions，traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO2.Scientists estimate that at least 25 percent of today’s warming is driven by methane from human actions.That’s why landfills are partly to blame for global warming. Joannes Maasakkers，a leader of the study，said，“We found that these landfills，which are relatively small compared to city sizes，are responsible for a large part of total emissions from a given area.” Another scientist，Euan Nisbet，who was not part of the study，said，“This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better，especially in countries like India where landfills are often on fire，resulting in a wide range of damaging pollutants(污染物).” He also added that the newer satellite technology and on-the-ground research make it easier for researchers to identify “who is polluting the world”. 5.Why did scientists carry out the study? A.To reduce the emission of methane. B.To help the authorities control global warming. C.To test out the new satellite technology. D.To clarify which places people are concerned about. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study...is aimed at helping local governments carry out targeted efforts to limit global warming by identifying areas of major concern.”可知，科学家进行这项研究是为了帮助政府控制全球变暖。故选B。 解析 6.What do we know about methane gas according to the passage? A.There exists methane in food，wood and paper. B.Methane makes up most of the greenhouse gases. C.More methane is released from landfills than from agriculture. D.Methane prevents more heat in the air from escaping than CO2 does. √ 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Methane...traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO2.”可知，甲烷比二氧化碳更能阻止空气中的热量逸出。故选D。 解析 7.What’s Euan Nisbet’s attitude towards the study? A.Favourable. B.Concerned. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful. √ 观点态度题。根据最后一段中Euan Nisbet说的话“This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better”可知，他对这项研究是持赞成态度。故选A。 解析 8.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.Methane causes the temperature of the earth to go up. B.Satellite data help identify the source of the pollutants. C.Landfills are to blame for the release of much methane. D.Waste and other refuse should be forbidden for their impact. √ 主旨大意题。综合全文内容，尤其根据第一段可知，文章主要是讲垃圾填埋场是释放大量甲烷的罪魁祸首。故选C。 解析 1.refuse 熟义：v.拒绝 生义(文义)：n.废弃物；垃圾 2.conclusion n.结论 3.investigation n.调查 4.account for占比…… 5.be to blame for对……负责 词汇积累 This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better，especially in countries like India where landfills are often on fire，resulting in a wide range of damaging pollutants. 分析：how引导宾语从句；it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to manage landfills better；where引导定语从句，修饰countries；resulting in...是现在分词短语作结果状语。 翻译：这项最新研究揭示了加强填埋场管理的重要性，尤其是在印度等国家，它们的填埋场经常发生自燃现象，导致多种有害污染物产生。 句式分析 (2024·江苏南京高一下期中) On an Arctic island，an enormous vault(保险库) has been built deep underground. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了在挪威的一个岛屿的地下深处有一个存放着世界各地粮食作物的种子的保险库——斯瓦尔巴全球种子库。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读 Like any bank vault，it holds treasures. 1 This vault holds seeds from food crops around the world. A.But you won’t find precious jewels or metals here. B.That’s why the Svalbard Global Seed Vault was created. C.Another main purpose of seed banks is to protect diversity. D.The seeds of plants that are no longer farmed may be useful. E.They will still have seeds to plant，crops to grow，and food to eat. F.The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is nicknamed the Doomsday Vault. G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same. √ 根据本段上下文可知，这个保险库里的宝藏是种子。故A选项“但你不会在这里找到珍贵的珠宝或金属”切题。故选A项。 解析 The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is in Norway.It is a seed bank，a place to store and protect seeds.More than 800 thousand different seed samples rest here.All are dried and kept in temperature- and moisture-controlled conditions. 2 A.But you won’t find precious jewels or metals here. B.That’s why the Svalbard Global Seed Vault was created. C.Another main purpose of seed banks is to protect diversity. D.The seeds of plants that are no longer farmed may be useful. E.They will still have seeds to plant，crops to grow，and food to eat. F.The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is nicknamed the Doomsday Vault. G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same. √ 根据上文可知，所有的种子样品都经过了干燥处理，且保存在温度和湿度都可控的环境中。G选项“这意味着保险库里的空气保持干燥，温度始终保持不变”进一步解释上文。故选G项。 解析 Many nations have their own seed banks，too.One main purpose is to make sure that even if crops fail，there will still be seeds for farmers to plant. 3 Loss of diversity can cause problems.That was made clear in Ireland in the 1840s.People grew and ate just one kind of potato，which had no defense when a disease struck.The potato crops failed，and one million people died as a result. A.But you won’t find precious jewels or metals here. B.That’s why the Svalbard Global Seed Vault was created. C.Another main purpose of seed banks is to protect diversity. D.The seeds of plants that are no longer farmed may be useful. E.They will still have seeds to plant，crops to grow，and food to eat. F.The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is nicknamed the Doomsday Vault. G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same. √ 根据下文可知，多样性的丧失会导致极严重的后果，因此保险库的目的之一就是保护种子的多样性。故C选项“种子库的另一个主要目的是保护多样性”切题。故选C项。 解析 Seeds hold information for scientists. 4 They might grow into plants that can resist pests and disease.They might grow where other plants can’t.Even the seeds of an invasive plant like kudzu are saved in seed banks.Perhaps scientists will find out their use someday. A.But you won’t find precious jewels or metals here. B.That’s why the Svalbard Global Seed Vault was created. C.Another main purpose of seed banks is to protect diversity. D.The seeds of plants that are no longer farmed may be useful. E.They will still have seeds to plant，crops to grow，and food to eat. F.The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is nicknamed the Doomsday Vault. G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same. √ 根据下文可知，有些种子的作用有待将来被发现。故D选项“不再耕种的植物的种子可能有用”切题。故选D项。 解析 A nation commonly has more than one seed bank.Still，a backup plan is a good idea.Floods，fires，war，and other disasters can destroy storehouses of precious seeds. 5 The seeds come from all over the world，and they belong to everyone，not just one nation. A.But you won’t find precious jewels or metals here. B.That’s why the Svalbard Global Seed Vault was created. C.Another main purpose of seed banks is to protect diversity. D.The seeds of plants that are no longer farmed may be useful. E.They will still have seeds to plant，crops to grow，and food to eat. F.The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is nicknamed the Doomsday Vault. G.This means the air in the vault stays dry and the temperature is always the same. √ 根据上文可知，洪水、火灾、战争和其他灾难会摧毁储存珍贵种子的仓库。B选项“这就是斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库建立的原因”承接上文。故选B项。 解析 (2025·湖北荆州高一上期末) Called the “Sea of Death”，the Taklimakan Desert in China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region covers 337,600 square kilometers. 1.______surprises us is that its circumference measures 3,046 kilometers or so，making it the 2. (large) desert in China. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府治理沙漠化所做出的努力。 Ⅴ.语法填空 What largest 1.考查主语从句。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，所以用连接代词“what”引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 2.考查形容词最高级。根据“in China”可知，这里是在中国范围内进行比较，且前面有定冠词“the”，所以用“large”的最高级形式“largest”，表示“最大的”。故填largest。 解析 It has taken more than 40 years 3. (surround) the Taklimakan fully with a green belt.The Taklimakan Desert control project is a part of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program(TSFP) launched in 1978,4. aim is to deal with desertification. to surround 3.考查动词不定式。“It takes ＋ 时间 ＋ to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，所以设空处用动词不定式 “to surround”。故填to surround。 4.考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作“aim”的定语。故填whose。 解析 whose With the TSFP and measures such as the Grain for Green Program，China has handed in 5._____(it) own answer sheet to desertification. its 考查代词。设空处应用形容词性物主代词“its”来修饰名词短语“answer sheet”，表示“它的”。故填its。 解析 Over 35.8 million hectares(公顷) of desertified land have been protected,6.______ over 7.8 million hectares of desertified land have been 7. (effective) restored. and 6.考查连词。前后两个句子是并列关系，都在阐述中国在治理沙漠化方面取得的成果，所以用连词“and”连接。故填and。 7.考查副词。由副词修饰动词可知，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词 “restored”，“effective”的副词形式是“effectively”，表示“有效地”。故填effectively。 解析 effectively The forest coverage rate in the TSFP area has increased from 12.41 8.___ 13.84 percent.Additionally,61 percent of the soil erosion(土壤侵蚀) areas have been controlled successfully，and the “green line” in the Yellow River Basin has shifted 300 kilometers westward. to 考查介词。“from...to...”是固定短语，意为“从……到……”，这里表示“三北防护林工程”地区的森林覆盖率从12.41%增长到 13.84%。故填to。 解析 In the past 10 years，the frequency of severe dusty weather in spring in northern China 9.____________(drop) significantly.China has taken the global lead in 10. (achieve) “zero growth” in land degradation and a “dual(双的) reduction” in desertification and desertified land. has dropped 9.考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“In the past 10 years”可知，用现在完成时；句子主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has dropped。 10.考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，空前“in”是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填achieving。 解析 achieving 返 回 本课结束 $