Unit 5 Section B 2a—3c分层训练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 以“夯实基础+能力提升”分层设计，通过词汇→句型→语篇递进路径巩固Unit 5核心知识，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |夯实基础|核心词汇（副词、被动语态等）、基础句型（固定搭配、情景交际）|结合模拟题与中考改编题，如用括号内词适当形式填空、补全对话，强化基础语言能力| |能力提升|语篇理解（完形、阅读）、综合表达（阅读简答）|以环保、发明等真实情境语篇，如智能垃圾桶、漆扇改良案例，培养思维品质与学习能力|

2026-2027学年九年级上册人教版 Unit 5 Section B 2a—3c分层训练 夯实基础 Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. 「2025河南郑州模拟」With the help of modern technology, information spreads ______ (wide) and faster than ever before. 2. 「2025浙江宁波模拟」After practicing speaking English every morning, the little girl improved her pronunciation ______ (rapid). 3. 「2024黑龙江龙东地区中考改编」The young inventor ______ (praise) by the whole class for his creative mind map at the science fair yesterday. 4. 「2025福建福州模拟」Good listeners are always welcome because they are ______ (create) in responding to others' feelings. 5. The book introduces the whole ______ (produce) process of silk, from feeding silkworms to weaving the final cloth. Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词 6. 「2025陕西安康模拟」政府已经采取措施减少街道上的噪音污染。 The government ______ ______ measures to reduce noise pollution on the streets. 7. 「2025安徽合肥模拟」看来这场大雨已经持续了整整三天了。 ______ ______ ______ the heavy rain has lasted for three whole days. 8. 换句话说，我们需要把理论应用到实际生活中去。 ______ ______ ______, we need to put theories into real life. 9. 「2025云南昆明模拟」随着科技的发展，普通人也能负担得起智能手机。 With the development of technology, ordinary people can ______ ______ smart phones. 10. 这些学生正在讨论如何防止他们的发明被他人抄袭。 These students are discussing how to stop their inventions from ______ ______ by others. Ⅲ. 补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Mark! I heard you won the first prize in the School Invention Contest. Congratulations! B: Thank you, Lisa! I was so excited when I heard the news. A: Your invention—the smart plant pot, sounds amazing. 11. ________________________________? B: It can remind you to water the plants through an app on your phone. A: That's really cool. 12. ________________________________? B: Well, I found my mom often forgot to water her favorite roses, so I wanted to help her. A: 13. ________________________________. Did it take you long to make it? B: About two months. I had to learn some basic coding and how to connect the sensor to the app. A: You really put a lot of effort into it. 14. ________________________________? B: Yes, I plan to improve it so that it can adjust the sunlight automatically. A: Great! 15. ________________________________. I'm sure your mom will be proud of you. B: Thanks! I hope so too. 能力提升 Ⅳ. 完形填空 「2026湖北黄冈期中预测」 Zhang Wei, a 16-year-old student, never expected that his small idea would change the way his school dealt with food waste. Like many schools, Zhang’s school threw away a large amount of uneaten food every day. Seeing this, Zhang felt upset. He decided to find a solution. He did some research and learned about “smart bins.” These bins can weigh the food waste and record the data. Zhang thought this technology could be used in his school. He shared his idea with his IT teacher, Mr. Li, who supported him 16_______. Together, they formed a team to work on the project. The biggest 17______ was designing a bin that was both affordable and accurate. They tried several times but failed to get the right sensors. However, they didn’t 18______. They visited a local university and asked professors for advice. After months of hard work, they finally succeeded in making a prototype (原型). The smart bin works simply. Students put their leftover food into the bin, and it 19 ______calculates the weight and sends the data to a computer. The school uses this data to understand which meals are less popular and adjusts the menu accordingly. Since the bins were introduced, food waste has dropped by 40%. Zhang’s invention has been 20______ by the local education department. He was invited to give a speech at a youth innovation conference. “I just wanted to solve a problem I saw every day,” Zhang said. “If we observe carefully and think 21______, we can all be inventors.” His story inspires other students to look for problems around them. One student is now working on a device to save water in the school bathrooms, 22 ______another is designing a better recycling system. Zhang’s smart bin has not only reduced waste but also sparked a wave of creativity in his school. It proves that young minds can make a big 23______. Now, Zhang is planning to improve his bin by adding a screen that shows environmental tips. He believes that technology should serve people and the planet. His next goal is to make the bins 24______ in other schools. “It’s not about winning prizes,” he says. “It’s about making our world a better place, one small 25______ at a time.” 16. A. politely B. strongly C. nervously D. hardly 17. A. chance B. challenge C. choice D. change 18. A. give up B. grow up C. look up D. get up 19. A. slowly B. heavily C. automatically D. carefully 20. A. refused B. praised C. doubted D. forgotten 21. A. quickly B. quietly C. creatively D. clearly 22. A. while B. but C. so D. or 23. A. mistake B. noise C. difference D. mess 24. A. expensive B. available C. difficult D. boring 25. A. step B. walk C. jump D. run V. 阅读理解 「2026江西南昌三中月考改编」 When we think of inventors, we usually imagine old men in white coats surrounded by wires and tools. However, 17-year-old Emma Rodriguez from Miami is changing that image. She recently invented a low-cost water purification (净化) device that is now being used in several remote villages in South America. Emma’s journey started two years ago during a geography lesson. Her teacher showed a video of children drinking dirty water, which led to serious health problems. Emma was shocked. “I thought, ‘This isn’t fair,’” she recalled. “I wanted to do something to help.” She began researching water purification methods online. Most existing devices were too expensive or required electricity, which many villages lacked. Emma decided to focus on a solar-powered solution. Using a second-hand microscope she bought with her pocket money, she studied how UV (紫外线) light kills bacteria. She then spent months designing a small, portable device shaped like a water bottle. The biggest challenge was the cost. To keep it affordable, Emma used recycled plastic and a cheap UV LED light. She tested over fifty designs. Once, her device leaked (漏水) during a test, soaking her notes. “I felt like crying,” she admitted, “but I knew giving up wasn’t an option.” Finally, she succeeded. Her device can clean one liter of water in just 15 minutes using only sunlight. It costs less than $5 to make. An international charity organization noticed her work and helped her send 500 units to Colombia. Local residents say the device has greatly improved their health. Emma has no plans to patent her invention for profit. Instead, she has open-sourced her design online, allowing anyone to download and produce it for free. “Ideas should be shared, especially when they can save lives,” she says. “I hope more teens realize that age is just a number. If you see a problem, you can be the one to solve it.” 26. What inspired Emma to invent the water purification device? A. A lesson about health problems. B. A video shown in a geography class. C. A visit to remote villages in Colombia. D. An article about solar energy technology. 27. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How Emma solved the funding problem. B. Why Emma chose UV light for her device. C. The process of Emma’s invention and design. D. The importance of using recycled materials. 28. What does the underlined phrase “giving up wasn’t an option” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. She didn’t have time to rest. B. She didn’t have the right tools. C. She was determined to continue. D. She was allowed to stop working. 29. Which of the following words can best describe Emma? A. Humorous and quiet. B. Honest and friendly. C. Creative and selfless. D. Brave and noisy. 30. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Emma will start a company to sell her device. B. Emma wants to keep her invention a secret. C. Emma believes teenagers can make a difference. D. Emma plans to study abroad to learn more about water. VI 阅读表达 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Have you ever seen a lacquer fan (漆扇)? It’s a traditional Chinese handicraft where a fan is dipped into a mixture of mineral pigments (矿物颜料) and lacquer (漆). Recently, a group of high school students from Nanjing have brought new life to this ancient art by creating “Eco-Lacquer Fans.” Traditional lacquer making involves chemicals that can be harmful to the environment. The students noticed this problem during a visit to a local workshop. They wondered, “Can we make lacquer fans without polluting the river nearby?” Inspired by this question, the team started their project. They spent weekends researching natural alternatives. Finally, they discovered that sap (汁液) from local trees could be used as a base, and crushed flower petals (花瓣) could provide color. This new method is completely non-toxic (无毒的) and biodegradable (可生物降解的). To test their idea, they collected fallen petals from parks and learned how to extract (提取) the colors. They faced many failures—the colors faded easily, or the sap didn't dry properly. But they kept experimenting. After more than thirty trials, they successfully made a beautiful fan with a soft pink color from rose petals. Their teacher, Ms. Liu, said, “This project is not just about art; it’s about responsibility.” The students have applied for a patent for their eco-friendly process. They hope to cooperate with local tourism centers to sell these fans, using the money to support environmental protection. 31. What is the problem with traditional lacquer making? ________________________________________________________ (不超过10个词) 32. What did the students use as the color for their Eco-Lacquer Fans? ________________________________________________________ (不超过5个词) 33. How many times did they try before they succeeded? ________________________________________________________ (不超过5个词) 34. According to Ms. Liu, what is the project also about besides art? ________________________________________________________ (不超过5个词) 35. What can we learn from the students’ experience? (请自拟一句话作答) ________________________________________________________ (不超过15个词) 【参考答案及解析】 Ⅰ. 词汇填空 1. widely (修饰动词spreads，需用副词widely表示“广泛地”) 2. rapidly (修饰动词improved，需用副词rapidly表示“迅速地”) 3. was praised (由yesterday可知用过去时；主语inventor与praise是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态) 4. creative (be动词后接形容词作表语，creative表示“有创造力的”) 5. production (定冠词the后接名词，production process意为“生产过程”) Ⅱ. 完成句子 6. has taken (根据“已经”可知用现在完成时；take measures 固定搭配) 7. It seems that (固定句型，表示“看起来/似乎……”) 8. In other words (固定短语，意为“换句话说”) 9. afford (情态动词can后接动词原形；afford意为“负担得起”) 10. being copied (stop...from doing sth.；inventions与copy是被动关系，故用being copied) Ⅲ. 补全对话 11. What can it do / What's it used for 12. How did you come up with the idea / What inspired you to invent it 13. That's really thoughtful (of you) / That's a great idea 14. Do you plan to improve it further / Do you have any future plans for it 15. Good luck (with it) / I'm looking forward to seeing it Ⅳ. 完形填空 16. B (strongly support 强烈支持) 17. B (最大的“挑战”是设计既便宜又准确的垃圾桶) 18. A (didn’t give up 没有放弃) 19. C (automatically 自动地计算重量) 20. B (be praised by 受到表扬) 21. C (think creatively 创造性地思考) 22. A (while表示对比，“然而/与此同时”) 23. C (make a big difference 产生巨大影响) 24. B (available 可获得的/可用的，指推广到其他学校使用) 25. A (one small step at a time 一步一个脚印) V. 阅读理解 26. B (细节理解题。根据第二段“Her teacher showed a video of children drinking dirty water... Emma was shocked.”可知，灵感来源于地理课上的视频。) 27. C (段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了Emma研究净水方法、决定采用太阳能方案、购买显微镜研究以及设计设备的过程。) 28. C (词义猜测题。根据前文她测试了50多种设计，虽然设备漏水让她想哭，但她知道不能放弃，因此意思是她决心继续下去。) 29. C (推理判断题。Emma发明了低成本净水器体现了creative；她开源设计免费分享体现了selfless。) 30. C (推理判断题。根据最后一句“I hope more teens realize that age is just a number... you can be the one to solve it.”可知，她相信青少年也能有所作为。) VI. 阅读表达 31. It involves harmful chemicals. / It pollutes the environment. 32. Crushed flower petals. 33. Over thirty times. / More than 30 times. 34. Responsibility. 35. We should keep trying and think creatively to solve problems. (答案合理即可) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $