Unit 5 课时6 Section B 3a-3c（分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，分层清晰，从基础词汇句型到高阶语篇写作，梯度合理，适配新授课知识巩固与思维培养，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇、句型默写与基础应用|单词/词组默写、汉语提示填空，夯实语言基础| |能力提升|语法综合运用与语篇理解|适当形式填空、阅读还原、阅读理解，培养语篇能力| |思维进阶|深度阅读与创造性表达|完形填空、读写任务（含批判性思考与写作），发展高阶思维|

Unit 5 Power of Ideas 课时6 Section B 3a-3c分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 be looking to do sth. 计划、想要做某事 glider n. 滑翔机 heavier-than-air flight 重于空气的飞行 work with gliders 研究滑翔机 get...into the air 使……升空 add an engine to... 给……添加一台发动机 the world's first plane flights 世界上首次飞机飞行 take days, weeks, or even months花费数天、数周甚至数月 be made in only a few hours 在仅仅几个小时内完成 communication among people 人与人之间的交流 make the first plane flights 完成首次飞机飞行 句型 1. However, it seems that its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. 然而，飞机的发明者奥维尔·莱特和威尔伯·莱特似乎压根没想过要改变世界。 2. To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight , the Wright brothers began working with gliders. 为了解决重于空气飞行器的飞行难题，莱特兄弟开始研究滑翔机。 3. The first was how to get the glider into the air. The second was how to control it once it was flying. 第一个难题是如何让滑翔机升空，第二个难题是滑翔机升空后该如何操控它。 4. As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier, and the world has become a much smaller place . 因此，不同国家人们之间的交流变得便捷许多，世界也仿佛缩小了很多。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 【答案】1. glider 二、词组默写。 1. 重于空气的飞行 _______________________ 2. 研究滑翔机 _______________ 3.使……升空 __________ 4. 给……添加一台发动机 ________ 5. 世界上首次飞机飞行 ________ 6. 花费数天、数周甚至数月 _______ 7. 在仅仅几个小时内完成 ________ 8. 人与人之间的交流 _______ 9. 完成首次飞机飞行 _______________________ 10. 计划、想要做某事 __________ 【答案】 1.heavier-than-air flight 2.work with gliders 3.get...into the air 4.add an engine to... 5.the world's first plane flights 6.take days, weeks, or even months 7.be made in only a few hours 8.communication among people 9.make the first plane flights 10.be looking to do sth. 三、汉语提示填空题。 1.我打算明年大学毕业后去国外深造。 I am ______ ______ go abroad for further study after I graduate from university next year. 2.为了解决交通拥堵的问题，市政府决定修建一条新地铁线。 ______ ______ the problem of traffic jams, the city government decided to build a new subway line. 3.他通过每天大声朗读来提高了自己的英语口语。 He improved his spoken English ______ ______ aloud every day. 4.智能手机的普及使人们之间的交流变得容易多了。 The popularity of smartphones has ______ communication among people much ______. 5. 我们面临两大难题：一是如何让飞行器顺利升空，二是飞行途中如何稳定操控。 We face two big difficulties. One is how to ______ the flying machine ______ ______ ______, and the other is how to keep it under control mid-air. 6.多亏了这项新技术，原本需要几天的工作现在几个小时就能完成。 Thanks to this new technology, the work that used to ______ ______ can now be finished in just a few hours. 7. 为了解决体重问题，她决定停止吃垃圾食品。 To ______ ______ ______of her weight, she decided to stop eating junk food. 8.因此，各国人民之间的沟通往来变得十分密切，地球仿佛变成了小村庄。 As a result, ______ ______ people from all countries becomes very close, and the earth is just like a small village. 9.他通过观察猫是如何从高处跳下的，找到了解决这个问题的方法。 For the problem, he found his solution ______ ______ ______how cats jumped down from high places. 10.随着互联网的发展，世界已经变成了一个更小的地方。 With the development of the Internet, the world has become a ______ ______ place. 【答案】 1. looking to 2.To solve 3.by reading 4.made; easier 5.get; into the air 6. take days 7.solve the problem 8.communication among 9.by looking at 10.much smaller 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.The great ________ (invent) of the airplane connects people all over the globe. 2.My parents are looking ________ (travel) abroad by plane next year. 3.Fast planes ________ (great) shorten the time we spend on long-distance trips. 4.The invention of the plane has made global ______ (communicate) much easier and faster. 5. As a result of the plane, the world has become a much ______ (small) place than before. 【答案】1. invention 2. to travel 3. greatly 4. communication 5. smaller  五、请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 brush  make  what  be  they  something  comfortable  because  use  cheap  with  invent There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. If we don’t use it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 1 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know 2 about its history? Before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people cleaned 3 teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of tooth brushes 4 pig hair and bamboo. It might 5 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the form of toothbrushes changed. For example, people didn’t use pig hair to make toothbrushes 6 it was too hard (硬的). They began to use horse-tail hair which was much softer. Imagine that you travel back to hundreds of years ago and brush your teeth 7 . It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 8 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very 9 in daily life. Today we get into the good habit of 10 teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. 【答案】 1．what 2．anything 3．their 4．with 5．be 6．because 7．comfortably 8．invention 9．useful 10．brushing 【导语】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。 1．句意：你能猜到它是什么吗？此处缺少疑问代词，引导宾语从句，询问“它是什么”。故填what。 2．句意：但你知道它的历史吗？表示“关于它的某些事情”，固定搭配“know something about”，此处是一般疑问句，因此用anything。故填anything。 3．句意：在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。此处指代前文的“the ancient Chinese people”，用they的形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的牙齿”。故填their。 4．句意：大约800年前，人们用猪毛和竹子制作了一种牙刷。此处表示“用猪毛和竹子制成”，with“用，和”，符合句意。故填with。 5．句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷形式。情态动词might后接动词原形，might be“可能是”，表示“可能是最早的牙刷形式”。故填be。 6．句意：例如，人们不再使用猪毛制作牙刷，因为它太硬了。此处缺少连词，引导原因状语从句，解释“不用猪毛的原因是因为它太硬”。故填because。 7．句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。 副词修饰动词“brush”，表示“舒适地刷牙”，comfortable副词是comfortably。故填comfortably。 8．句意：牙刷的发明虽然不如造纸术那样著名，但在日常生活中却非常重要。根据“The ... of toothbrushes”可知是指牙刷的发明。invention“发明”。故填invention。 9．句意：牙刷的发明虽然不如造纸术那样著名，但在日常生活中却非常有用。此处填形容词作表语，与“not as famous”形成对比，强调“在日常生活中很有用”，use的形容词useful“有用的”符合句意。故填useful。 10．句意：如今我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。动名词作介词“of”的宾语，此处表示“刷牙的习惯”，brush动名词是brushing。故填brushing。 六、阅读还原。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Shi Yuan got a patent (专利) when he was a 14-year-old student. 1 It can help people living in cities to follow the rules on dealing with waste. He got over 500,000 yuan in just months from selling the bags. The plastic bag has a special tape (胶带). When one end of the tape is opened, the bag can be turned upside-down. 2 Without getting their hands dirty, they easily throw the wet and dirty waste into a waste bin. This invention does help solve a big problem. 3 Once they get a patent, their invention will be protected by the country. If others want to make money from it, they have to first ask for the inventor’s agreement, and they may need to pay the inventor a lot of money. What’s more, a patent is important to students. 4 With a patent, they can stand out when they enter university in other countries. For college students, patents help them to apply for scholarships (申请奖学金) more easily. In China, there are three types of patents we can apply for—invention, utility model and design. 5 You can simply start by noticing a problem in daily lives and set out to find a creative way to deal with it. A．Then people can hold the bottom end. B．He continues to improve his inventions. C．His big invention was a plastic waste bag. D．Patents bring good things to the inventors. E．Getting a patent is not as difficult as you may think. F．For high school students, a patent shows their creative skills. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了14岁学生施源获得专利的故事，并介绍了专利的作用和申请类型。    1．根据“Shi Yuan got a patent...He got over 500,000 yuan in just months from selling the bags”可推知，施源的专利与“袋子”有关。选项C“他的重大发明是一款塑料垃圾袋”补充了专利的具体内容，符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“the bag can be turned upside-down...Without getting their hands dirty”可推知，胶带的设计是为了方便抓握。选项A“然后人们可以握住底部”符合上下文逻辑，解释了胶带的作用，符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Once they get a patent, their invention will be protected by the country...pay the inventor a lot of money”可推知，本段在说明专利对发明者的好处。选项D“专利给发明者带来好处”概括了段落主旨，符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“a patent is important to students...With a patent, they can stand out”和后文分述高中、大学学生受益的内容可推知，需补充学生群体的具体案例。选项F“对高中生来说，专利能展示他们的创新能力”与后文“申请奖学金”形成递进，符合语境。故选F。 5．根据“You can simply start by noticing a problem...”可推知，此处强调专利申请的门槛不高。选项E“获得专利并不像你想象的那么难”与下文“从生活中发现问题”的建议相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 七、阅读理解。 On a hot summer day in 2019, Li Xinze and his friend He Liantianze walked past a small pond. It was filled with smelly algae (水藻), making it hard for workers to clean up. From then on, the two 17-year-old boys from Hefei No.8 High School in Anhui set their minds on creating a robot to solve this problem. On Aug 19, the 18th Song Ching Ling Award for Children’s Invention was announced. Li and He’s invention of a water surface cleaning robot received the Gold Award. It took them about four years to finish the robot. The robot moves like a boat and can be controlled from far away on the waterside. To collect rubbish, the robot has two plates as “hands”. Then a conveyor belt (传送带) is used for sending the rubbish to a basket. “There is also a heating sheet (加热片) under the belt to help dry the rubbish and make it easy to deal with,” said Li. Compared to other robots of its kind, their robot is small, light and eco-friendly (环保的). “It has a solar panel (太阳能电池板) set on top,” said He. The journey to build their robot was full of difficulties. But they worked hard to deal with these problems. One challenge was the balance of the boat. “It used to be heavy and easy to turn over. On the advice of our teacher, we changed the top part from steel to alloy (合金) to make it light,” said Li. As for their next step, they hope to make the robot work on its own. “We will continue to learn programming skills to make our dreams come true,” said He. 1．Why did Li and He decide to invent the water surface cleaning robot? A．Because of the need to finish high school. B．Because of the need to save animals in the pond. C．Because of the fun of doing water sports in summer. D．Because of the problem with cleaning up smelly algae. 2．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．Other robots. B．Their robot. C．The light. D．The rubbish. 3．What can the robot do? ①Go boating. ②Collect rubbish. ③Send rubbish. ④Dry rubbish. ⑤Work by itself. A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．③④⑤ 4．What are the two boys like according to the passage? A．Smart and honest. B．Talented and humorous. C．Quiet and friendly. D．Hard-working and creative. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Small Pond. B．A Hot Summer Day. C．Two Boys’ Great Invention. D．Song Ching Ling Award. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两个来自合肥的17岁男孩李欣泽和何连天则发明水面清洁机器人的故事，包括他们发明的动机、机器人的功能特点、发明过程中遇到的挑战以及他们未来的计划。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was filled with smelly algae, making it hard for workers to clean up.”和第二段“From then on, the two 17-year-old boys...set their minds on creating a robot to solve this problem.”可知，池塘里充满了有异味的藻类，使得工人很难清理，因此他们决定发明一个机器人来解决这个问题。选项D“因为清理有异味的藻类的问题”符合题意。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Compared to other robots of its kind, their robot is small, light and eco-friendly.”可知，此处是将他们的机器人与其他同类机器人进行比较，因此“It”指的是他们的机器人。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“To collect rubbish, the robot has two plates as ‘hands’. Then a conveyor belt is used for sending the rubbish to a basket. There is also a heating sheet under the belt to help dry the rubbish...”可知，机器人可以收集垃圾、运送垃圾和干燥垃圾，即②③④。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，两个男孩花费了大约四年的时间来完成这个机器人，并且在遇到挑战时努力解决问题，如改变船顶部分从钢到合金以使其更轻。这些表现出他们勤奋和有创造力的特点。选项D“勤奋和有创造力的”符合题意。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。全文主要讲述了两个男孩发明水面清洁机器人的故事，包括他们的动机、机器人的功能、发明过程中遇到的挑战以及他们未来的计划。因此，最佳标题应该是关于他们的发明。选项C“两个男孩的伟大发明”符合题意。故选C。 八、完形填空。 The brush pen was one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”. However, it was 1 from a piece of bamboo and animal hair. It was very difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Qin Kingdom, 2 the pen. When Meng was leading an army to 3 against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he tried to 4 ways to improve it. One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild 5 on horseback. One rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the 6 when they moved on. Suddenly a 7 idea came to his mind when he saw it. “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” said Meng. On arriving home, Meng found the rabbit’s 8 was too smooth to write well. He was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole. However, Meng never 9 . A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” thicker in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked 10 on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. 1．A．made B．put C．play D．wish 2．A．created B．lost C．destroyed D．improved 3．A．play B．lie C．fight D．vote 4．A．give away B．think of C．look at D．talk about 5．A．invention B．rabbits C．birds D．table 6．A．horse B．chickens C．hall D．ground 7．A．strong B．terrible C．favourite D．good 8．A．legs B．hair C．tail D．ears 9．A．picked up B．gave up C．put up D．cheered up 10．A．beautifully B．simply C．hardly D．luckily 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 【来源】广东省湛江市雷州市2024-2025学年九年级上学期1月期末英语试题 【导语】本文主要介绍了毛笔的传说起源。 1．句意：然而，它是由一截竹子和兽毛制成的。 made制作；put放；play演奏；wish希望。根据“it was...from a piece of bamboo and animal hair.”可知，be made from“由……制成”。故选A。 2．句意：据说，秦国的将军蒙恬创造了毛笔。 created创造；lost丢失；destroyed毁坏；improved提高。根据后文“Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture.”可知，此处指蒙恬发明了笔。故选A。 3．句意：当蒙恬率领军队与楚国作战时，他必须及时向君王汇报战况。 play演奏；lie躺；fight斗争；vote投票。根据“When Meng was leading an army to...against the Kingdom of Chu”可知，fight against“与……作战、对抗”，蒙恬作为将军，率军是去和楚国作战。故选C。 4．句意：但是他的笔太硬了，给他带来很多麻烦，于是他试着想办法改进它。 give away赠送；think of想出；look at看；talk about谈论。根据“so he tried to...ways to improve it.”可知，此处指他试着想办法改进它。故选B。 5．句意：一天打猎之后，蒙恬把几只野兔放在马背上，踏上了回家的路。 invention发明；rabbits兔子；birds鸟；table桌子。根据“One rabbit’s tail”可知，此处指兔子。故选B。 6．句意：当他们继续前行时，一只兔子的尾巴在地上留下了长长的痕迹。 horse马；chickens鸡；hall大厅；ground地面。根据“One rabbit’s tail left a long trail on the...when they moved on.”可知，此处指一只兔子的尾巴在地上留下了长长的痕迹。故选D。 7．句意：当他看到这个痕迹时，一个好主意突然涌上心头。 strong强烈的；terrible糟糕的；favourite最喜欢的；good好的。根据“Suddenly a...idea came to his mind when he saw it.”可知，此处指一个好主意突然涌上心头。故选D。 8．句意：到家后，蒙恬发现兔毛太光滑，没法写好字。 legs腿；hair毛发；tail尾巴；ears耳朵。根据“If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?”可知，此处指兔毛。故选B。 9．句意：然而，蒙恬从未放弃。 picked up捡起；gave up放弃；put up张贴；cheered up欢呼。根据“A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” thicker in a stone hole”可知，此处指蒙恬从未放弃。故选B。 10．句意：这支毛笔在丝绸上写得非常好。 beautifully极好地；simply仅仅；hardly几乎不；luckily幸运地。根据“The brush worked...on silk.”可知，此处指这支毛笔在丝绸上写得非常好。故选A。 Part 1: Read and Explore 16-year-old Yang Jun’ao, a student from No.1 Middle School in Nanxian County, Hunan Province, invented a robot to help harvest lotus roots (采藕). “I got the idea when I saw my grandmother, in her 70s, working hard to harvest lotus roots under the hot sun,” Yang said. Sometimes, his grandmother would badly hurt her fingers while using harvesting tools. To make things easier for his grandmother, Yang decided to invent a robot that could do the job for her. With the help of his teacher, Hong Wei, Yang spent almost a year building a model of the robot. The robot can move by itself in the muddy (泥泞的) fields where lotus roots grow. It uses special technology to identify (识别) ripe roots by looking at the color of the lotus leaves. Then, its arm carefully cuts the roots without breaking them. While creating the robot, Yang faced challenges like collecting parts for the model, putting them together and using a hot glue gun for connecting. “The first time I used a hot glue gun, my hands were shaking,” Yang laughed. At first, he planned to use rotating blades (旋转叶片) for harvesting lotus roots. But it was hard to find them, so he used more common blades instead. When Yang showed the robot to his grandmother, she was happy and gave helpful suggestions for improvement. She suggested using a voice player to help find the robot in thick lotus leaves. “My grandmother’s suggestion reminded me that any invention must be practical to be truly valuable.” said Yang. Although Yang still needs to make improvement, like finding cheaper materials, his teacher Hong spoke highly of Yang’s creative thinking and resolution to help his grandmother. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking 1.How did Yang Jun’ao get the creative idea of inventing a lotus root harvesting robot? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.List two difficulties Yang met when he made the robot model. Difficulty 1: ______________________________________________________ Difficulty 2: ______________________________________________________ 3.Write an English slogan to praise teenagers’ creative inventions from daily life. “__________________________!” Task 2: Complete the chart below Information about the robot Details Inventor’s purpose To reduce grandma’s hard work and avoid finger hurt when harvesting lotus roots Working principle It tells ripe lotus roots from the 1.__________ of lotus leaves, then its arm cuts roots gently without breaking them. Change on blades He gave up rotating blades and chose common blades because 2.__________________________. Grandma’s advice Add a 3.__________ so people can easily find the robot among thick lotus leaves. Shortcoming of the robot now The materials are too expensive, so he needs to look for 4.__________ ones. Task 3: Creative Mini Writing Suppose you are the school English newspaper reporter. Write a short passage (80–100 words) to introduce Yang Jun’ao and his lotus root harvesting robot. Writing requirements: 1.Include where his creative idea came from; 2.Write at least one difficulty he met during invention; 3.Use one object clause in your writing; 4.Show what we can learn from him. 【答案】 Task 1 1.He got the idea after seeing his 70-year-old grandma working hard and badly hurting her fingers when harvesting lotus roots under the hot sun. 2.Difficulty 1: It was hard for him to collect all the parts of the robot model. Difficulty 2: He couldn’t easily get rotating blades for harvesting. 3. Small ideas from life create great inventions! （开放题，答案不唯一） Task 2 1.color 2.rotating blades were hard to find 3.voice player 4.cheaper Task 3 Yang Jun’ao, a 16-year-old student from Nanxian County, invented a robot to harvest lotus roots. He had the idea because he saw his grandma tired and hurt her fingers while working in hot muddy fields. It took him nearly one year to finish the model. At first, he planned to use rotating blades but failed to get them easily. What moves me most is that he took his grandma’s advice to improve the robot. His story tells us that great inventions come from love and careful observation of daily life. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas 课时6 Section B 3a-3c分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 be looking to do sth. 计划、想要做某事 glider n. 滑翔机 heavier-than-air flight 重于空气的飞行 work with gliders 研究滑翔机 get...into the air 使……升空 add an engine to... 给……添加一台发动机 the world's first plane flights 世界上首次飞机飞行 take days, weeks, or even months花费数天、数周甚至数月 be made in only a few hours 在仅仅几个小时内完成 communication among people 人与人之间的交流 make the first plane flights 完成首次飞机飞行 句型 1. However, it seems that its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. 然而，飞机的发明者奥维尔·莱特和威尔伯·莱特似乎压根没想过要改变世界。 2. To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight , the Wright brothers began working with gliders. 为了解决重于空气飞行器的飞行难题，莱特兄弟开始研究滑翔机。 3. The first was how to get the glider into the air. The second was how to control it once it was flying. 第一个难题是如何让滑翔机升空，第二个难题是滑翔机升空后该如何操控它。 4. As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier, and the world has become a much smaller place . 因此，不同国家人们之间的交流变得便捷许多，世界也仿佛缩小了很多。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 二、词组默写。 1. 重于空气的飞行 _______________________ 2. 研究滑翔机 _______________ 3.使……升空 __________ 4. 给……添加一台发动机 ________ 5. 世界上首次飞机飞行 ________ 6. 花费数天、数周甚至数月 _______ 7. 在仅仅几个小时内完成 ________ 8. 人与人之间的交流 _______ 9. 完成首次飞机飞行 _______________________ 10. 计划、想要做某事 __________ 三、汉语提示填空题。 1.我打算明年大学毕业后去国外深造。 I am ______ ______ go abroad for further study after I graduate from university next year. 2.为了解决交通拥堵的问题，市政府决定修建一条新地铁线。 ______ ______ the problem of traffic jams, the city government decided to build a new subway line. 3.他通过每天大声朗读来提高了自己的英语口语。 He improved his spoken English ______ ______ aloud every day. 4.智能手机的普及使人们之间的交流变得容易多了。 The popularity of smartphones has ______ communication among people much ______. 5.我们面临两大难题：一是如何让飞行器顺利升空，二是飞行途中如何稳定操控。 We face two big difficulties. One is how to ______ the flying machine ______ ______ ______, and the other is how to keep it under control mid-air. 6.多亏了这项新技术，原本需要几天的工作现在几个小时就能完成。 Thanks to this new technology, the work that used to ______ ______ can now be finished in just a few hours. 7. 为了解决体重问题，她决定停止吃垃圾食品。 To ______ ______ ______of her weight, she decided to stop eating junk food. 8.因此，各国人民之间的沟通往来变得十分密切，地球仿佛变成了小村庄。 As a result, ______ ______ people from all countries becomes very close, and the earth is just like a small village. 9.他通过观察猫是如何从高处跳下的，找到了解决这个问题的方法。 For the problem, he found his solution ______ ______ ______how cats jumped down from high places. 10.随着互联网的发展，世界已经变成了一个更小的地方。 With the development of the Internet, the world has become a ______ ______ place. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.The great ________ (invent) of the airplane connects people all over the globe. 2.My parents are looking ________ (travel) abroad by plane next year. 3.Fast planes ________ (great) shorten the time we spend on long-distance trips. 4.The invention of the plane has made global ______ (communicate) much easier and faster. 5. As a result of the plane, the world has become a much ______ (small) place than before. 五、请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 brush  make  what  be  they  something  comfortable  because  use  cheap  with  invent There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. If we don’t use it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 1 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know 2 about its history? Before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people cleaned 3 teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of tooth brushes 4 pig hair and bamboo. It might 5 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the form of toothbrushes changed. For example, people didn’t use pig hair to make toothbrushes 6 it was too hard (硬的). They began to use horse-tail hair which was much softer. Imagine that you travel back to hundreds of years ago and brush your teeth 7 . It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 8 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very 9 in daily life. Today we get into the good habit of 10 teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. 六、阅读还原。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Shi Yuan got a patent (专利) when he was a 14-year-old student. 1 It can help people living in cities to follow the rules on dealing with waste. He got over 500,000 yuan in just months from selling the bags. The plastic bag has a special tape (胶带). When one end of the tape is opened, the bag can be turned upside-down. 2 Without getting their hands dirty, they easily throw the wet and dirty waste into a waste bin. This invention does help solve a big problem. 3 Once they get a patent, their invention will be protected by the country. If others want to make money from it, they have to first ask for the inventor’s agreement, and they may need to pay the inventor a lot of money. What’s more, a patent is important to students. 4 With a patent, they can stand out when they enter university in other countries. For college students, patents help them to apply for scholarships (申请奖学金) more easily. In China, there are three types of patents we can apply for—invention, utility model and design. 5 You can simply start by noticing a problem in daily lives and set out to find a creative way to deal with it. A．Then people can hold the bottom end. B．He continues to improve his inventions. C．His big invention was a plastic waste bag. D．Patents bring good things to the inventors. E．Getting a patent is not as difficult as you may think. F．For high school students, a patent shows their creative skills. 七、阅读理解。 On a hot summer day in 2019, Li Xinze and his friend He Liantianze walked past a small pond. It was filled with smelly algae (水藻), making it hard for workers to clean up. From then on, the two 17-year-old boys from Hefei No.8 High School in Anhui set their minds on creating a robot to solve this problem. On Aug 19, the 18th Song Ching Ling Award for Children’s Invention was announced. Li and He’s invention of a water surface cleaning robot received the Gold Award. It took them about four years to finish the robot. The robot moves like a boat and can be controlled from far away on the waterside. To collect rubbish, the robot has two plates as “hands”. Then a conveyor belt (传送带) is used for sending the rubbish to a basket. “There is also a heating sheet (加热片) under the belt to help dry the rubbish and make it easy to deal with,” said Li. Compared to other robots of its kind, their robot is small, light and eco-friendly (环保的). “It has a solar panel (太阳能电池板) set on top,” said He. The journey to build their robot was full of difficulties. But they worked hard to deal with these problems. One challenge was the balance of the boat. “It used to be heavy and easy to turn over. On the advice of our teacher, we changed the top part from steel to alloy (合金) to make it light,” said Li. As for their next step, they hope to make the robot work on its own. “We will continue to learn programming skills to make our dreams come true,” said He. 1．Why did Li and He decide to invent the water surface cleaning robot? A．Because of the need to finish high school. B．Because of the need to save animals in the pond. C．Because of the fun of doing water sports in summer. D．Because of the problem with cleaning up smelly algae. 2．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．Other robots. B．Their robot. C．The light. D．The rubbish. 3．What can the robot do? ①Go boating. ②Collect rubbish. ③Send rubbish. ④Dry rubbish. ⑤Work by itself. A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．③④⑤ 4．What are the two boys like according to the passage? A．Smart and honest. B．Talented and humorous. C．Quiet and friendly. D．Hard-working and creative. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．A Small Pond. B．A Hot Summer Day. C．Two Boys’ Great Invention. D．Song Ching Ling Award. 八、完形填空。 The brush pen was one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”. However, it was 1 from a piece of bamboo and animal hair. It was very difficult for people to write well on thin silk. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Qin Kingdom, 2 the pen. When Meng was leading an army to 3 against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he tried to 4 ways to improve it. One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild 5 on horseback. One rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the 6 when they moved on. Suddenly a 7 idea came to his mind when he saw it. “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” said Meng. On arriving home, Meng found the rabbit’s 8 was too smooth to write well. He was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole. However, Meng never 9 . A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” thicker in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked 10 on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. 1．A．made B．put C．play D．wish 2．A．created B．lost C．destroyed D．improved 3．A．play B．lie C．fight D．vote 4．A．give away B．think of C．look at D．talk about 5．A．invention B．rabbits C．birds D．table 6．A．horse B．chickens C．hall D．ground 7．A．strong B．terrible C．favourite D．good 8．A．legs B．hair C．tail D．ears 9．A．picked up B．gave up C．put up D．cheered up 10．A．beautifully B．simply C．hardly D．luckily Part 1: Read and Explore 16-year-old Yang Jun’ao, a student from No.1 Middle School in Nanxian County, Hunan Province, invented a robot to help harvest lotus roots (采藕). “I got the idea when I saw my grandmother, in her 70s, working hard to harvest lotus roots under the hot sun,” Yang said. Sometimes, his grandmother would badly hurt her fingers while using harvesting tools. To make things easier for his grandmother, Yang decided to invent a robot that could do the job for her. With the help of his teacher, Hong Wei, Yang spent almost a year building a model of the robot. The robot can move by itself in the muddy (泥泞的) fields where lotus roots grow. It uses special technology to identify (识别) ripe roots by looking at the color of the lotus leaves. Then, its arm carefully cuts the roots without breaking them. While creating the robot, Yang faced challenges like collecting parts for the model, putting them together and using a hot glue gun for connecting. “The first time I used a hot glue gun, my hands were shaking,” Yang laughed. At first, he planned to use rotating blades (旋转叶片) for harvesting lotus roots. But it was hard to find them, so he used more common blades instead. When Yang showed the robot to his grandmother, she was happy and gave helpful suggestions for improvement. She suggested using a voice player to help find the robot in thick lotus leaves. “My grandmother’s suggestion reminded me that any invention must be practical to be truly valuable.” said Yang. Although Yang still needs to make improvement, like finding cheaper materials, his teacher Hong spoke highly of Yang’s creative thinking and resolution to help his grandmother. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking 1.How did Yang Jun’ao get the creative idea of inventing a lotus root harvesting robot? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.List two difficulties Yang met when he made the robot model. Difficulty 1: ______________________________________________________ Difficulty 2: ______________________________________________________ 3.Write an English slogan to praise teenagers’ creative inventions from daily life. “__________________________!” Task 2: Complete the chart below Information about the robot Details Inventor’s purpose To reduce grandma’s hard work and avoid finger hurt when harvesting lotus roots Working principle It tells ripe lotus roots from the 1.__________ of lotus leaves, then its arm cuts roots gently without breaking them. Change on blades He gave up rotating blades and chose common blades because 2.__________________________. Grandma’s advice Add a 3.__________ so people can easily find the robot among thick lotus leaves. Shortcoming of the robot now The materials are too expensive, so he needs to look for 4.__________ ones. Task 3: Creative Mini Writing Suppose you are the school English newspaper reporter. Write a short passage (80–100 words) to introduce Yang Jun’ao and his lotus root harvesting robot. Writing requirements: 1.Include where his creative idea came from; 2.Write at least one difficulty he met during invention; 3.Use one object clause in your writing; 4.Show what we can learn from him. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $