专题03 Unit 3 Environmental Protection-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案以10个高考高频词汇为核心，依托环保主题语境构建“词根拆解-词性变化-语境复现”的知识网络，通过语境串记语篇和记忆链设计，引导学生从词汇含义、搭配到派生词系统梳理，形成层次分明的考点认知框架。 亮点在于自主学习支持与核心素养培养，如语境复现练习融入真题改编语法填空，自我检测环节设置复述模板帮助学生自主诊断词汇掌握情况，写作词汇升级练习提升语言表达能力。通过词根联想和逻辑记忆链培养思维品质，教师可依据学生默写及错题分析精准指导，助力个性化复习与因材施教。

专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：emission / sustain / comprehensive / trend / restrict / undergo / implement / harmonious / submit / tolerate （知识点来源：选择性必修三 Unit 3 · Environmental Protection + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 7 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 12 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 12 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 13 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 With the rapid growth of industry, carbon dioxide (emission) has become a serious global problem. Scientists warn that the Earth cannot (sustain) this level of pollution for much longer, and we need to take (comprehensive) measures to tackle the climate crisis. The global warming (trend) is accelerating, and many countries have begun to (restrict) the use of fossil fuels through new laws and regulations. As our planet continues to (undergo) rapid environmental changes, governments around the world are working to (implement) green policies that will help create a more (harmonious) relationship between humans and nature. Scientists are required to (submit) regular reports on climate data, and citizens must learn to (tolerate) short-term inconveniences for long-term environmental benefits. 【中文译文】 随着工业的快速发展，二氧化碳（emission）排放已成为一个严重的全球性问题。科学家们警告说，地球无法再（sustain）维持这种程度的污染太长时间，我们需要采取（comprehensive）全面的措施来应对气候危机。全球变暖的（trend）趋势正在加速，许多国家已开始通过新的法律法规来（restrict）限制化石燃料的使用。 随着我们的星球继续（undergo）经历快速的环境变化，世界各国政府正在努力（implement）实施绿色政策，以帮助在人类与自然之间建立更加（harmonious）和谐的关系。科学家们被要求定期（submit）提交气候数据报告，而公民们必须学会（tolerate）忍受短期的不便，以换取长期的环境效益。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：碳排放量激增→地球无法持续→需全面措施→变暖趋势加速→限制化石燃料→经历环境变化→实施绿色政策→建立和谐关系→提交数据→忍受短期不便 记忆链：emission → sustain → comprehensive → trend → restrict → undergo → implement → harmonious → submit → tolerate Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物；散发物；排放 ⚡考点：carbon/greenhouse gas emissions；emit v. 排放/发出 2 sustain /səˈsteɪn/ vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 ⚡考点：sustain life/damage；sustainable adj. 可持续的 3 comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ adj. 全部的；详尽的；综合性的 ⚡考点：a comprehensive survey/plan；comprehend v. 理解 4 trend /trend/ n. 趋势；趋向；动向 ⚡考点：a trend towards；a disturbing/growing trend；trendy adj. 时髦的 5 restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ vt. 限制；限定；束缚 ⚡考点：restrict...to...；restriction n. 限制；restrictive adj. 限制性的 6 undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ vt. 经历；经受（变化/不快等） ⚡考点：undergo changes/treatment；过去式underwent/过去分词undergone 7 implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ vt. 实施；执行；使生效 ⚡考点：implement a policy/plan；implementation n. 实施/执行 8 harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj. 和谐的；和睦的 ⚡考点：a harmonious society/relationship；harmony n. 和谐；harmoniously adv. 9 submit /səbˈmɪt/ vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 ⚡考点：submit a report/application；submit to 屈服于；submission n. 提交 10 tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ vt. 忍受；容忍；容许 ⚡考点：tolerate doing；tolerance n. 容忍；tolerant adj. 宽容的 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物；散发物；排放 【核心考点】 emission是环境与能源类核心名词。carbon/greenhouse gas emissions（碳/温室气体排放）为环保主题阅读最高频搭配。emit v.（排放/发出/散发）→ emit light/heat/smoke（发出光/热/烟）。emission与release/reduce/control等动词搭配构成环保写作核心表达。2025年新高考I卷阅读理解C篇以transportation emissions为素材考查环保主题。 【词根联想】 e-（出/向外）+ miss（送/发送，拉丁语mittere"发送"）+ ion（名词后缀）→ 送出去的东西→ 排放物。联想：mission（任务→送出去做的事）→ emission（送出去的气体/物质→排放）。同词根：dismiss（解雇→送走）、transmit（传输→送过去）、permit（允许→让其通过→送过去）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇）"Transportation accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions."（交通运输约占能源相关温室气体排放的四分之一。） ② "Many factories have taken active steps to reduce their carbon emissions by switching to renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power." （经典原句·carbon emissions 碳排放） 【搭配词块】 carbon emissions 碳排放 / greenhouse gas emissions 温室气体排放 / reduce emissions 减少排放 / emit v. 排放/散发 / zero-emission 零排放 2. sustain /səˈsteɪn/ vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 【核心考点】 sustain是维持与持续类核心动词。sustain life（维持生命）为科学类阅读基础搭配。sustain damage/injuries（遭受损害/受伤）为固定表达。sustainable adj.（可持续的）→ sustainable development（可持续发展）为政治/环保写作必备词。2022年全国乙卷阅读理解出现sustain long-distance friendships；2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A篇出现sustainable。 【词根联想】 sus-（下/从下往上，sub-变体）+ tain（握/持，拉丁语tenere"握住"）→ 从下面托住→ 维持/支撑。联想：sustain = "从下面（sus）握住（tain）"→ 撑住不使垮掉→ 维持。同词根：contain（包含→握住在一起）、maintain（维持→用手握住）、obtain（获得→握住）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解）"Here are five ways to sustain long-distance friendships."（这里有五种维持远距离友谊的方法。） ②（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）"Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city."（骑行是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式。） ③ "The old bridge sustained serious damage during the flood and had to be closed for several months of careful repair work." （经典原句·sustain damage 遭受损害） 【搭配词块】 sustain life 维持生命 / sustain damage 遭受损害 / sustainable adj. 可持续的 / sustainable development 可持续发展 / sustainability n. 可持续性 3. comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ adj. 全部的；详尽的；综合性的 【核心考点】 comprehensive是范围描述类核心形容词。a comprehensive survey/study/report（全面的调查/研究/报告）为学术阅读经典搭配。comprehensive understanding（全面理解）为写作提分表达。comprehend v.（理解/包含）→ comprehension n.（理解力）→ comprehensive（全面的→包含一切的）构成派生链。辨析：comprehensive（全面的/包罗万象的）vs complete（完整的/不缺的）。 【词根联想】 com-（共同/一起）+ prehens（抓/握，拉丁语prehendere"抓"）+ ive（形容词后缀）→ 全部抓在一起的→ 全面的/综合的。联想：comprehensive = "把所有东西都抓（prehens）在一起（com）"→ 全面的/包罗万象的。同词根：comprehend（理解→抓住意思）、apprehend（逮捕→抓住人）、comprehension（理解→抓住含义）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "The government has launched a comprehensive investigation into the cause of the water pollution incident that affected thousands of residents." （经典原句·comprehensive investigation 全面调查） ② "To fully understand climate change, scientists must take a comprehensive approach that includes data from multiple fields of research." （经典原句·comprehensive approach 综合方法） 【搭配词块】 a comprehensive survey 全面调查 / comprehensive understanding 全面理解 / comprehend v. 理解 / comprehension n. 理解力 / be comprehensive about 对…全面 4. trend /trend/ n. 趋势；趋向；动向 【核心考点】 trend是趋势描述类核心名词，图表作文必用词。a trend towards（朝…的趋势）为固定搭配。a growing/disturbing/upward trend（增长的/令人不安的/上升的趋势）为阅读高频修饰。近义辨析：trend（方向性大趋势）、tendency（倾向性/个人倾向）、fashion（时尚/流行款式）。2022年全国乙卷阅读理解出现a disturbing trend。 【词根联想】 源自古英语trendan"旋转/转动"→ 事物转动的方向→ 趋势。联想：trend = "转弯的方向"→ 社会发展"转"向某个方向→ 趋势。同义：tendency（倾向）、direction（方向）。trendy adj.（时髦的→跟得上趋势的）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解）"As far as I'm concerned, it is a disturbing trend."（就我而言，这是一个令人不安的趋势。） ② "There has been a growing trend towards online shopping in recent years, with more and more consumers choosing to buy products from the comfort of their homes." （经典原句·a growing trend towards 增长趋势） 【搭配词块】 a trend towards …的趋势 / a growing trend 增长趋势 / follow the trend 跟风 / trend analysis 趋势分析 / trendy adj. 时髦的 5. restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ vt. 限制；限定；束缚 【核心考点】 restrict是限制与管控类核心动词。restrict...to...（将…限制在…范围内）为固定搭配。be restricted to（被限制于）常以被动形式出现在阅读中。restriction n.（限制/规定）→ restrictive adj.（限制性的）为派生考点。辨析：restrict（施加限制/约束）vs limit（设定上限/界限）vs ban（完全禁止）。在政策法规类文本中restrict+access/use/movement为高频搭配。 【词根联想】 re-（回/往后）+ strict（拉紧，拉丁语stringere"拉紧/绑紧"）→ 往后拉紧→ 限制/约束。联想：strict = "紧的"→ re（回）+ strict（紧）→ "拉回勒紧"→ 限制。同词根：strict（严格的→拉紧不放的）、district（地区→拉开划分的区域）、constrict（压缩→拉紧到一起）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "Many cities have introduced new traffic rules to restrict the number of cars entering the city centre during peak hours in order to reduce air pollution." （经典原句·restrict the number 限制数量） ② "The doctor advised him to restrict his daily salt intake to less than six grams to help control his blood pressure levels." （经典原句·restrict...to... 限制于） 【搭配词块】 restrict...to... 将…限制在 / be restricted to 被限制于 / restriction n. 限制 / restrictive adj. 限制性的 / without restriction 无限制地 6. undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ vt. 经历；经受（变化/不快等） 【核心考点】 undergo是变化与经历类核心动词。undergo changes/treatment（经历变化/接受治疗）为高频搭配。过去式underwent/过去分词undergone为语法填空考点。undergo强调"被动地经历"（重点在过程），区别于experience（有意识地体验）。在环保/医疗/社会变革题材中undergo是描述"过程"的核心动词。 【词根联想】 under（在…之下）+ go（走/经历）→ 走在…之下→ 经历/经受。联想：undergo = "在（under）某种处境下走（go）过去"→ 经历。同义：experience（体验/经历）、go through（经历/经受）、suffer（遭受/忍受）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "The city has undergone tremendous changes over the past two decades, transforming from a small fishing village into a modern international metropolis." （经典原句·undergo changes 经历变化） ② "All new medicines must undergo a series of strict clinical trials before they can be approved for use by the general public." （经典原句·undergo trials 接受试验） 【搭配词块】 undergo changes 经历变化 / undergo treatment 接受治疗 / undergo surgery 接受手术 / underwent (过去式) / undergone (过去分词) 7. implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ vt. 实施；执行；使生效 【核心考点】 implement是政策与行动类核心动词。implement a policy/plan/programme（实施政策/计划/方案）为议论文和新闻报道高频搭配。implementation n.（实施/执行）为正式文体常用名词。辨析：implement（正式执行/落实计划）vs carry out（具体执行某项任务）vs enforce（强制执行法律）。implement作名词意为"工具/器具"。 【词根联想】 im-（进入/使…）+ ple（填满，拉丁语plere"填满"）+ ment（名词/动词后缀）→ 使其充实→ 实施/执行。联想：implement = "把空的东西填（ple）进去（im）"→ 把计划"填满落实"→ 实施。同词根：complete（完成→填满）、supplement（补充→额外填满）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "The local government has decided to implement a series of new environmental policies aimed at reducing plastic waste and promoting recycling within the community." （经典原句·implement a policy 实施政策） ② "Once the new education reform plan is approved, schools across the country will begin to implement it at the start of the next academic year." （经典原句·implement a plan 实施计划） 【搭配词块】 implement a policy 实施政策 / implement a plan 执行计划 / implementation n. 实施 / fully implement 全面落实 / implement measures 落实措施 8. harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj. 和谐的；和睦的 【核心考点】 harmonious是社会与关系类核心形容词。a harmonious society/relationship（和谐社会/关系）为写作高频表达。harmony n.（和谐）→ in harmony with（与…和谐共处）→ harmoniously adv.（和谐地）为派生链。反义：disharmonious（不和谐的）。在环保主题中man and nature in harmony（人与自然和谐共处）为经典论述素材。 【词根联想】 源自希腊语harmonia"和谐/一致"→ harmony + ous（形容词后缀）→ harmonious。联想：harmony = "音律和谐"→ harmoni + ous = "像音乐一样和谐的"→ 和谐的。同族词：harmony（和谐/协调）、harmonize（使和谐/协调一致）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（经典原句）"The key to building a harmonious society lies in finding the right balance between economic development and environmental protection."（建设和谐社会的关键在于找到经济发展与环境保护之间的恰当平衡。） ② "The new residential community was designed to create a harmonious living environment where neighbours can interact and support one another." （经典原句·harmonious environment 和谐环境） 【搭配词块】 a harmonious society 和谐社会 / harmonious relationship 和谐关系 / harmony n. 和谐 / in harmony with 与…和谐 / harmoniously adv. 和谐地 9. submit /səbˈmɪt/ vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 【核心考点】 submit是提交与服从类核心动词。submit a report/proposal/application（提交报告/提案/申请）为应用文写作核心表达。submit to（屈服于/服从于）为阅读熟词生义考点。submission n.（提交/屈服）→ deadline for submission（提交截止日期）。辨析：submit（正式提交）+ to do vs hand in（上交作业）等日常表达。2023年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空中考查了submit的用法。 【词根联想】 sub-（下/从下往上）+ mit（送/发送，拉丁语mittere"发送"）→ 从下往上送→ 提交/呈递；将自己放到别人下面→ 屈服。联想：mission（任务→送出去）→ sub（从下）+ mit（送）→ 把文件"送上去"→ 提交。同词根：admit（承认→让…进入→送进去）、commit（承诺/犯→完全送出）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：vi. 屈服；服从（=give in/yield to）。例：The rebel forces refused to submit to the government's authority despite weeks of negotiations and international pressure.（尽管经过数周谈判和国际压力，叛军仍拒绝服从政府权威。）本义"提交（给上级）"→ 把自己"交给"别人→"屈服"。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空）"They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park."（他们调查了数百名公园游客，请他们在线提交一份在公园中与自然有意义的互动的书面总结。） ② "All students are required to submit their research papers before the final deadline of December 15th, and late submissions will not be accepted under any circumstances." （经典原句·submit a paper 提交论文） 【搭配词块】 submit a report 提交报告 / submit to 屈服于 / submission n. 提交 / deadline for submission 提交截止日期 / submit an application 提交申请 10. tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ vt. 忍受；容忍；容许 【核心考点】 tolerate是容忍与承受类核心动词，议论文道德伦理话题必备。tolerate doing（容忍做某事）后接动名词而非不定式为语法填空考点。tolerance n.（容忍/宽容）→ tolerant adj.（宽容的）→ be tolerant of（对…宽容）为派生链。辨析：tolerate（忍受不快之事）、stand（忍受，口语）、bear（承受/忍受，多接can't）、endure（长期忍受/忍耐）。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语tolerare"忍受/承受"→ tolerate。联想：toler = "容忍"→ tolerate = 容忍/忍受。同族词：tolerance（宽容）、tolerant（宽容的）、intolerable（无法容忍的）。与endure/persevere构成"坚忍"语义场对比。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（经典原句）"A truly democratic society must learn to tolerate different opinions and respect the right of every individual to express their views freely."（一个真正民主的社会必须学会容忍不同意见，尊重每个人自由表达观点的权利。） ② "No teacher should tolerate cheating in exams, as it not only harms the fairness of education but also sends a wrong message to hard-working students." （经典原句·tolerate cheating 容忍作弊） 【搭配词块】 tolerate doing 容忍做某事 / tolerance n. 容忍/宽容 / tolerant adj. 宽容的 / be tolerant of 对…宽容 / cannot tolerate 无法容忍 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 emission emit (v.) emissive (adj.) --- carbon emissions / emit gases / zero-emission sustain sustainable (adj.) sustainability (n.) sustained (adj.) sustain life / sustainable development comprehensive comprehend (v.) comprehension (n.) comprehensively (adv.) a comprehensive survey / reading comprehension trend trendy (adj.) trending (adj.) --- a trend towards / follow the trend / a growing trend restrict restriction (n.) restrictive (adj.) restricted (adj.) restrict...to... / without restriction undergo underwent (过去式) undergone (过去分词) --- undergo changes / undergo treatment implement implementation (n.) implementable (adj.) --- implement a policy / full implementation harmonious harmony (n.) harmoniously (adv.) harmonize (v.) harmonious society / in harmony with submit submission (n.) submissive (adj.) --- submit a report / submit to / deadline for submission tolerate tolerance (n.) tolerant (adj.) tolerable (adj.) tolerate doing / be tolerant of / zero tolerance Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解改编）The report showed that transportation-related carbon __________ (emit) were still rising despite international efforts to limit global warming to below two degrees Celsius. 2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解改编）Cycling is widely regarded as the most __________ (sustain) way to explore a city, as it produces no pollution and promotes a healthy lifestyle for urban residents. 3.（2026山东济南·模拟）Before launching the new education programme, the ministry conducted a __________ (comprehension) assessment of the current teaching methods used in schools across the country. 4.（2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解改编）Many experts have expressed concern over the disturbing __________ (tendency) of teenagers spending more and more time on social media platforms at the expense of face-to-face communication. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）The new environmental law __________ (strict) the amount of industrial waste that factories are allowed to discharge into local rivers and groundwater systems. 6.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）Over the past few decades, the small coastal town has __________ (experience) a remarkable transformation from a quiet fishing port into a major centre of international trade and tourism. 7.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The city council voted to __________ (carry) a series of green initiatives, including building more bicycle lanes and increasing the number of public electric vehicle charging stations. 8.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）A __________ (harmony) relationship between economic growth and environmental protection is essential if we want to build a future that is both prosperous and sustainable for coming generations. 9.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空）All participants in the survey were asked __________ (hand) a written summary online describing their personal experience of spending time in a natural environment. 10.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）No modern society can function properly if its citizens refuse __________ (accept) views and opinions that differ from their own deeply held beliefs and values. 11.（2026四川成都·模拟）Scientists warn that the planet cannot __________ (keep) the current rate of resource consumption for much longer without causing irreversible damage to the global ecosystem and climate. 12.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）The government has introduced stricter regulations __________ (limit) the use of single-use plastics in supermarkets, restaurants and other public places across the country. 13.（2026江西南昌·模拟）Before the new drug can be sold to the public, it must __________ (go) years of strict clinical testing to ensure that it is both safe and effective for patients. 14.（2026福建福州·模拟）Students who fail __________ (present) their assignments by the deadline will receive a penalty and may be asked to explain the reason for the delay in writing. 15.（2026陕西西安·模拟）Living in a shared apartment requires everyone __________ (show) a certain degree of patience and learn to get along with people whose habits may be very different from their own. 【答案】 1. emissions 2. sustainable 3. comprehensive 4. trend 5. restricts 6. undergone 7. implement 8. harmonious 9. to submit 10. to tolerate 11. sustain 12. to restrict 13. undergo 14. to submit 15. to tolerate 【逐题解析】 1. emissions — 提示词emit（动词·排放）需转名词emission的复数形式。carbon emissions = 碳排放。主语为复数emissions，谓语were rising呼应。 2. sustainable — 提示词sustain（动词·维持）需转形容词sustainable。the most sustainable way = 最可持续的方式。形容词作定语修饰名词way。 3. comprehensive — 提示词comprehension（名词·理解）需转形容词comprehensive。a comprehensive assessment = 全面评估。冠词+形容词+名词。 4. trend — 提示词tendency（名词·倾向）需转同义名词trend。a disturbing trend = 令人不安的趋势。考查近义替换。 5. restricts — 提示词strict（形容词·严格的）需转动词restrict的第三人称单数。restricts the amount = 限制数量。主语law为单数，用restricts。 6. undergone — 提示词experience（动词·经历）需转动词undergo的过去分词。has undergone = 经历了。现在完成时has + 过去分词。 7. implement — 提示词carry（动词·搬运）需转动词implement。voted to implement = 投票决定实施。不定式to后接动词原形。 8. harmonious — 提示词harmony（名词·和谐）需转形容词harmonious。a harmonious relationship = 和谐的关系。冠词+形容词+名词。 9. to submit — 提示词hand（动词·递交）需转动词submit。were asked to submit = 被要求提交。ask sb. to do被动结构。 10. to tolerate — 提示词accept（动词·接受）需转动词tolerate。refuse to tolerate = 拒绝容忍。refuse to do固定搭配。 11. sustain — 提示词keep（动词·保持）需转动词sustain。cannot sustain the rate = 无法维持速度。情态动词后接动词原形。 12. to restrict — 提示词limit（动词·限制）需转动词restrict。introduced regulations to restrict = 出台法规以限制。不定式表目的。 13. undergo — 提示词go（动词·去）需转动词undergo。must undergo testing = 必须经受测试。情态动词后接动词原形。 14. to submit — 提示词present（动词·呈交）需转动词submit。fail to submit = 未能提交。fail to do固定搭配。 15. to tolerate — 提示词show（动词·显示）需转动词tolerate。requires everyone to tolerate = 要求每个人容忍。require sb. to do结构。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 工业发展导致二氧化碳__________（排放）激增。科学家警告地球无法再__________（维持）这种污染水平，呼吁采取__________（全面的）的措施应对气候危机。 全球变暖__________（趋势）加速，各国开始__________（限制）化石燃料使用。地球正在__________（经历）快速环境变化，各国努力__________（实施）绿色政策。 目标是建立人与自然__________（和谐的）关系。科学家定期__________（提交）气候数据。公民须学会__________（容忍）短期不便以换取长期环境效益。 【答案】 排放（emission）; 维持（sustain）; comprehensive（全面的）; trend（趋势）; restrict（限制）; undergo（经历）; implement（实施）; harmonious（和谐的）; submit（提交）; tolerate（容忍） Part 7 关联阅读 The world is facing an unprecedented environmental crisis. Carbon dioxide (emission) from factories and vehicles has reached alarming levels, and scientists warn that the planet cannot (sustain) this rapid increase in greenhouse gases for much longer. To address this challenge, the United Nations has called for a (comprehensive) global strategy that covers everything from energy production to waste management. The current warming (trend) shows no signs of slowing down, and many countries have started to (restrict) the use of coal and other fossil fuels in an effort to meet their climate targets. However, experts argue that individual actions are equally important — from reducing personal carbon footprints to supporting green businesses. As economies around the world (undergo) the difficult transition from fossil fuels to clean energy, it is essential to (implement) policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection. Only by creating a(n) (harmonious) balance between development and nature can we hope to build a truly sustainable future. Scientists are required to (submit) detailed reports on climate data every year, and ordinary citizens must learn to (tolerate) changes in their daily lives — such as higher energy costs or new recycling rules — that are necessary for the greater good. After all, there is no Planet B, and the choices we make today will determine the world that our grandchildren inherit. 1. Why have many countries started to restrict the use of coal and other fossil fuels? A. Because coal and fossil fuels are becoming too expensive for ordinary families to afford for cooking and heating. B. Because they want to meet their climate targets and reduce the warming trend that threatens the global environment. C. Because the United Nations has ordered all member states to completely stop using fossil fuels by the end of this decade. D. Because scientists have discovered that coal produces less energy than wind and solar power under most weather conditions. 2. What is essential for building a sustainable future according to the passage? A. Closing down all factories that use fossil fuels and forcing workers to move to the renewable energy industry. B. Raising the price of electricity so that ordinary people will use less energy and reduce their environmental impact. C. Implementing policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection in a harmonious way. D. Asking all countries to stop trading with one another until they can agree on a single global climate strategy. 3. What does the author imply by saying "there is no Planet B"? A. There is no backup planet for humans to move to, so we must do everything we can to protect the one we have. B. Scientists have failed to discover any planets outside our solar system that are similar to Earth in size and temperature. C. The United Nations has officially declared that all space exploration programmes should focus on protecting Earth instead. D. Most countries have agreed that finding a new planet to live on is more important than reducing carbon emissions on Earth. 4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To argue that climate change is a natural phenomenon that humans cannot control and should not worry about too much. B. To entertain readers with interesting stories about scientists who study greenhouse gas emissions in different countries. C. To inform readers about the serious climate situation and encourage both government action and individual responsibility. D. To persuade readers that the only way to solve environmental problems is to return to a traditional agricultural way of life. 参考答案与高考标准解析 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 第1题（因果判断题·高考高频）：首段将emission、sustain、comprehensive、trend、restrict五个目标词串联成全球环境问题的全景。many countries have started to restrict the use of coal...in an effort to meet their climate targets清晰点明限制化石燃料的原因——为了实现气候目标。restrict表示"限制"，emission的搭配carbon dioxide emission贯穿全文。选项B准确还原因果逻辑。A项价格因素在文中未提及；C项"命令"一词过于强硬，原文为"呼吁"；D项能源效率比较在文中无涉及。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段用undergo、implement、harmonious、submit、tolerate五个目标词构建可持续发展的路径图景。implement policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection和creating a harmonious balance精准指出可持续未来的关键。implement意为"实施/执行"，harmonious意为"和谐的"，二者构成了"和谐落实"的核心逻辑。选项C准确捕捉原文信息。A项关闭所有工厂为极端推断；B项提高电价在文中无提及；D项停止国际贸易为无依据的猜测。 第3题（词义猜测与推理判断题·高考核心）：there is no Planet B是全篇的收束句。tolerate目标词出现在该句的上文——citizens must learn to tolerate changes...for the greater good。这句比喻蕴含两层意思：①地球不可替代（没有备胎星球）→②必须行动。选项A准确解读了比喻的内涵。B项太空探索过度引申；C项联合国声明无依据；D项与本段主旨完全相反。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文以10个目标词均匀分布于两个段落中，构建了"问题认知→解决方案→呼吁行动"的完整论证链。首段emission/sustain/comprehensive/trend/restrict铺设问题的严峻性；第二段undergo/implement/harmonious/submit/tolerate论述政策与个人行动的方向。末句"no Planet B"将论证推向高潮。选项C准确概括"知情+行动+责任"的三合主旨。A项与全文基调矛盾；B项娱乐性叙事不是本文目的；D项退回农耕为无依据的极端推论。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：emission, sustain, comprehensive, trend, restrict, undergo, implement, harmonious, submit, tolerate Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. emission — __________ 2. sustain — __________ 3. comprehensive — __________ 4. trend — __________ 5. restrict — __________ 6. undergo — __________ 7. implement — __________ 8. harmonious — __________ 9. submit — __________ 10. tolerate — __________ 11. sustainable — __________ 12. restriction — __________ 13. harmony — __________ 14. submission — __________ 15. tolerance — __________ 16. underwent — __________ 17. implementation — __________ 18. carbon emissions — __________ 19. submit to — __________ 20. be tolerant of — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 排放物；排放 2. 维持；遭受 3. 全面的；详尽的 4. 趋势；趋向 5. 限制；限定 6. 经历；经受 7. 实施；执行 8. 和谐的；和睦的 9. 提交；屈服 10. 忍受；容忍 11. 可持续的（形容词） 12. 限制；规定（名词） 13. 和谐（名词） 14. 提交；屈服（名词） 15. 容忍；宽容（名词） 16. 经历了（过去式） 17. 实施；执行（名词） 18. 碳排放（短语） 19. 屈服于（短语） 20. 对…宽容（短语） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The factory was fined for releasing harmful gases and smoke into the atmosphere without proper treatment facilities. → The factory was fined for harmful __________ into the atmosphere without proper treatment facilities. 2. The local ecosystem cannot keep supporting such a large population of tourists without suffering permanent damage. → The local ecosystem cannot __________ such a large population of tourists without suffering permanent damage. 3. The research team carried out a complete and detailed analysis of the water samples collected from the river last month. → The research team carried out a __________ analysis of the water samples collected from the river last month. 4. There is a clear general direction towards healthier eating habits among young people in large Chinese cities. → There is a clear __________ towards healthier eating habits among young people in large Chinese cities. 5. The new school rules will limit and control the use of mobile phones during class hours and in the examination hall. → The new school rules will __________ the use of mobile phones during class hours and in the examination hall. 6. The ancient building has experienced and gone through several major repairs since it was first built in the Ming Dynasty. → The ancient building has __________ several major repairs since it was first built in the Ming Dynasty. 7. The city government plans to carry out and put into action a new waste sorting system beginning next January. → The city government plans to __________ a new waste sorting system beginning next January. 8. It is important to maintain a peaceful and balanced relationship between urban development and the protection of natural spaces. → It is important to maintain a __________ relationship between urban development and the protection of natural spaces. 9. All applicants are required to hand in their completed forms and supporting documents before the March 31st deadline. → All applicants are required to __________ their completed forms and supporting documents before the March 31st deadline. 10. A good leader must be able to accept and put up with different opinions and welcome honest criticism from team members. → A good leader must be able to __________ different opinions and welcome honest criticism from team members. 【答案】 1. emissions 2. sustain 3. comprehensive 4. trend 5. restrict 6. undergone 7. implement 8. harmonious 9. submit 10. tolerate Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：emission → sustain → comprehensive → trend → restrict → undergo → implement → harmonious → submit → tolerate 复述模板（填空）： 工业发展导致二氧化碳__________（排放）飙升。科学家警告地球无法再__________（维持）这种污染。需要__________（全面）策略应对危机。 变暖__________（趋势）在加速。许多国家开始__________（限制）化石燃料。全球经济正在__________（经历）能源转型。 各国必须__________（实施）绿色政策，建立人与自然__________（和谐）关系。科学家需定期__________（提交）报告。公民须学会__________（容忍）改变。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：emission; sustain; comprehensive; trend; restrict; undergo; implement; harmonious; submit; tolerate 复述模板参考版本： The rapid growth of industry has led to a sharp increase in carbon dioxide emissions. Scientists warn that the Earth cannot sustain this level of pollution for much longer, and we urgently need to take comprehensive measures to tackle the climate crisis. The global warming trend is accelerating, and many countries have begun to restrict the use of fossil fuels. As our planet continues to undergo rapid environmental changes, governments worldwide are working to implement green policies that will help create a more harmonious relationship between humans and nature. Scientists are required to submit regular reports on climate data, and ordinary citizens must learn to tolerate short-term changes for the long-term benefit of our shared planet. $专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：emission / sustain / comprehensive / trend / restrict / undergo / implement / harmonious / submit / tolerate （知识点来源：选择性必修三 Unit 3 · Environmental Protection + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 7 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 8 【练习题】 8 Part 7 关联阅读 8 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 10 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 10 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 11 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 With the rapid growth of industry, carbon dioxide (emission) has become a serious global problem. Scientists warn that the Earth cannot (sustain) this level of pollution for much longer, and we need to take (comprehensive) measures to tackle the climate crisis. The global warming (trend) is accelerating, and many countries have begun to (restrict) the use of fossil fuels through new laws and regulations. As our planet continues to (undergo) rapid environmental changes, governments around the world are working to (implement) green policies that will help create a more (harmonious) relationship between humans and nature. Scientists are required to (submit) regular reports on climate data, and citizens must learn to (tolerate) short-term inconveniences for long-term environmental benefits. 【中文译文】 随着工业的快速发展，二氧化碳（emission）排放已成为一个严重的全球性问题。科学家们警告说，地球无法再（sustain）维持这种程度的污染太长时间，我们需要采取（comprehensive）全面的措施来应对气候危机。全球变暖的（trend）趋势正在加速，许多国家已开始通过新的法律法规来（restrict）限制化石燃料的使用。 随着我们的星球继续（undergo）经历快速的环境变化，世界各国政府正在努力（implement）实施绿色政策，以帮助在人类与自然之间建立更加（harmonious）和谐的关系。科学家们被要求定期（submit）提交气候数据报告，而公民们必须学会（tolerate）忍受短期的不便，以换取长期的环境效益。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：碳排放量激增→地球无法持续→需全面措施→变暖趋势加速→限制化石燃料→经历环境变化→实施绿色政策→建立和谐关系→提交数据→忍受短期不便 记忆链：emission → sustain → comprehensive → trend → restrict → undergo → implement → harmonious → submit → tolerate Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物；散发物；排放 ⚡考点：carbon/greenhouse gas emissions；emit v. 排放/发出 2 sustain /səˈsteɪn/ vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 ⚡考点：sustain life/damage；sustainable adj. 可持续的 3 comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ adj. 全部的；详尽的；综合性的 ⚡考点：a comprehensive survey/plan；comprehend v. 理解 4 trend /trend/ n. 趋势；趋向；动向 ⚡考点：a trend towards；a disturbing/growing trend；trendy adj. 时髦的 5 restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ vt. 限制；限定；束缚 ⚡考点：restrict...to...；restriction n. 限制；restrictive adj. 限制性的 6 undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ vt. 经历；经受（变化/不快等） ⚡考点：undergo changes/treatment；过去式underwent/过去分词undergone 7 implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ vt. 实施；执行；使生效 ⚡考点：implement a policy/plan；implementation n. 实施/执行 8 harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj. 和谐的；和睦的 ⚡考点：a harmonious society/relationship；harmony n. 和谐；harmoniously adv. 9 submit /səbˈmɪt/ vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 ⚡考点：submit a report/application；submit to 屈服于；submission n. 提交 10 tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ vt. 忍受；容忍；容许 ⚡考点：tolerate doing；tolerance n. 容忍；tolerant adj. 宽容的 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物；散发物；排放 【核心考点】 emission是环境与能源类核心名词。carbon/greenhouse gas emissions（碳/温室气体排放）为环保主题阅读最高频搭配。emit v.（排放/发出/散发）→ emit light/heat/smoke（发出光/热/烟）。emission与release/reduce/control等动词搭配构成环保写作核心表达。2025年新高考I卷阅读理解C篇以transportation emissions为素材考查环保主题。 【词根联想】 e-（出/向外）+ miss（送/发送，拉丁语mittere"发送"）+ ion（名词后缀）→ 送出去的东西→ 排放物。联想：mission（任务→送出去做的事）→ emission（送出去的气体/物质→排放）。同词根：dismiss（解雇→送走）、transmit（传输→送过去）、permit（允许→让其通过→送过去）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇）"Transportation accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions."（交通运输约占能源相关温室气体排放的四分之一。） ② "Many factories have taken active steps to reduce their carbon emissions by switching to renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power." （经典原句·carbon emissions 碳排放） 【搭配词块】 carbon emissions 碳排放 / greenhouse gas emissions 温室气体排放 / reduce emissions 减少排放 / emit v. 排放/散发 / zero-emission 零排放 2. sustain /səˈsteɪn/ vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 【核心考点】 sustain是维持与持续类核心动词。sustain life（维持生命）为科学类阅读基础搭配。sustain damage/injuries（遭受损害/受伤）为固定表达。sustainable adj.（可持续的）→ sustainable development（可持续发展）为政治/环保写作必备词。2022年全国乙卷阅读理解出现sustain long-distance friendships；2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解A篇出现sustainable。 【词根联想】 sus-（下/从下往上，sub-变体）+ tain（握/持，拉丁语tenere"握住"）→ 从下面托住→ 维持/支撑。联想：sustain = "从下面（sus）握住（tain）"→ 撑住不使垮掉→ 维持。同词根：contain（包含→握住在一起）、maintain（维持→用手握住）、obtain（获得→握住）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解）"Here are five ways to sustain long-distance friendships."（这里有五种维持远距离友谊的方法。） ②（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）"Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city."（骑行是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式。） ③ "The old bridge sustained serious damage during the flood and had to be closed for several months of careful repair work." （经典原句·sustain damage 遭受损害） 【搭配词块】 sustain life 维持生命 / sustain damage 遭受损害 / sustainable adj. 可持续的 / sustainable development 可持续发展 / sustainability n. 可持续性 3. comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ adj. 全部的；详尽的；综合性的 【核心考点】 comprehensive是范围描述类核心形容词。a comprehensive survey/study/report（全面的调查/研究/报告）为学术阅读经典搭配。comprehensive understanding（全面理解）为写作提分表达。comprehend v.（理解/包含）→ comprehension n.（理解力）→ comprehensive（全面的→包含一切的）构成派生链。辨析：comprehensive（全面的/包罗万象的）vs complete（完整的/不缺的）。 【词根联想】 com-（共同/一起）+ prehens（抓/握，拉丁语prehendere"抓"）+ ive（形容词后缀）→ 全部抓在一起的→ 全面的/综合的。联想：comprehensive = "把所有东西都抓（prehens）在一起（com）"→ 全面的/包罗万象的。同词根：comprehend（理解→抓住意思）、apprehend（逮捕→抓住人）、comprehension（理解→抓住含义）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "The government has launched a comprehensive investigation into the cause of the water pollution incident that affected thousands of residents." （经典原句·comprehensive investigation 全面调查） ② "To fully understand climate change, scientists must take a comprehensive approach that includes data from multiple fields of research." （经典原句·comprehensive approach 综合方法） 【搭配词块】 a comprehensive survey 全面调查 / comprehensive understanding 全面理解 / comprehend v. 理解 / comprehension n. 理解力 / be comprehensive about 对…全面 4. trend /trend/ n. 趋势；趋向；动向 【核心考点】 trend是趋势描述类核心名词，图表作文必用词。a trend towards（朝…的趋势）为固定搭配。a growing/disturbing/upward trend（增长的/令人不安的/上升的趋势）为阅读高频修饰。近义辨析：trend（方向性大趋势）、tendency（倾向性/个人倾向）、fashion（时尚/流行款式）。2022年全国乙卷阅读理解出现a disturbing trend。 【词根联想】 源自古英语trendan"旋转/转动"→ 事物转动的方向→ 趋势。联想：trend = "转弯的方向"→ 社会发展"转"向某个方向→ 趋势。同义：tendency（倾向）、direction（方向）。trendy adj.（时髦的→跟得上趋势的）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解）"As far as I'm concerned, it is a disturbing trend."（就我而言，这是一个令人不安的趋势。） ② "There has been a growing trend towards online shopping in recent years, with more and more consumers choosing to buy products from the comfort of their homes." （经典原句·a growing trend towards 增长趋势） 【搭配词块】 a trend towards …的趋势 / a growing trend 增长趋势 / follow the trend 跟风 / trend analysis 趋势分析 / trendy adj. 时髦的 5. restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ vt. 限制；限定；束缚 【核心考点】 restrict是限制与管控类核心动词。restrict...to...（将…限制在…范围内）为固定搭配。be restricted to（被限制于）常以被动形式出现在阅读中。restriction n.（限制/规定）→ restrictive adj.（限制性的）为派生考点。辨析：restrict（施加限制/约束）vs limit（设定上限/界限）vs ban（完全禁止）。在政策法规类文本中restrict+access/use/movement为高频搭配。 【词根联想】 re-（回/往后）+ strict（拉紧，拉丁语stringere"拉紧/绑紧"）→ 往后拉紧→ 限制/约束。联想：strict = "紧的"→ re（回）+ strict（紧）→ "拉回勒紧"→ 限制。同词根：strict（严格的→拉紧不放的）、district（地区→拉开划分的区域）、constrict（压缩→拉紧到一起）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "Many cities have introduced new traffic rules to restrict the number of cars entering the city centre during peak hours in order to reduce air pollution." （经典原句·restrict the number 限制数量） ② "The doctor advised him to restrict his daily salt intake to less than six grams to help control his blood pressure levels." （经典原句·restrict...to... 限制于） 【搭配词块】 restrict...to... 将…限制在 / be restricted to 被限制于 / restriction n. 限制 / restrictive adj. 限制性的 / without restriction 无限制地 6. undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ vt. 经历；经受（变化/不快等） 【核心考点】 undergo是变化与经历类核心动词。undergo changes/treatment（经历变化/接受治疗）为高频搭配。过去式underwent/过去分词undergone为语法填空考点。undergo强调"被动地经历"（重点在过程），区别于experience（有意识地体验）。在环保/医疗/社会变革题材中undergo是描述"过程"的核心动词。 【词根联想】 under（在…之下）+ go（走/经历）→ 走在…之下→ 经历/经受。联想：undergo = "在（under）某种处境下走（go）过去"→ 经历。同义：experience（体验/经历）、go through（经历/经受）、suffer（遭受/忍受）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "The city has undergone tremendous changes over the past two decades, transforming from a small fishing village into a modern international metropolis." （经典原句·undergo changes 经历变化） ② "All new medicines must undergo a series of strict clinical trials before they can be approved for use by the general public." （经典原句·undergo trials 接受试验） 【搭配词块】 undergo changes 经历变化 / undergo treatment 接受治疗 / undergo surgery 接受手术 / underwent (过去式) / undergone (过去分词) 7. implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ vt. 实施；执行；使生效 【核心考点】 implement是政策与行动类核心动词。implement a policy/plan/programme（实施政策/计划/方案）为议论文和新闻报道高频搭配。implementation n.（实施/执行）为正式文体常用名词。辨析：implement（正式执行/落实计划）vs carry out（具体执行某项任务）vs enforce（强制执行法律）。implement作名词意为"工具/器具"。 【词根联想】 im-（进入/使…）+ ple（填满，拉丁语plere"填满"）+ ment（名词/动词后缀）→ 使其充实→ 实施/执行。联想：implement = "把空的东西填（ple）进去（im）"→ 把计划"填满落实"→ 实施。同词根：complete（完成→填满）、supplement（补充→额外填满）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ① "The local government has decided to implement a series of new environmental policies aimed at reducing plastic waste and promoting recycling within the community." （经典原句·implement a policy 实施政策） ② "Once the new education reform plan is approved, schools across the country will begin to implement it at the start of the next academic year." （经典原句·implement a plan 实施计划） 【搭配词块】 implement a policy 实施政策 / implement a plan 执行计划 / implementation n. 实施 / fully implement 全面落实 / implement measures 落实措施 8. harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ adj. 和谐的；和睦的 【核心考点】 harmonious是社会与关系类核心形容词。a harmonious society/relationship（和谐社会/关系）为写作高频表达。harmony n.（和谐）→ in harmony with（与…和谐共处）→ harmoniously adv.（和谐地）为派生链。反义：disharmonious（不和谐的）。在环保主题中man and nature in harmony（人与自然和谐共处）为经典论述素材。 【词根联想】 源自希腊语harmonia"和谐/一致"→ harmony + ous（形容词后缀）→ harmonious。联想：harmony = "音律和谐"→ harmoni + ous = "像音乐一样和谐的"→ 和谐的。同族词：harmony（和谐/协调）、harmonize（使和谐/协调一致）。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（经典原句）"The key to building a harmonious society lies in finding the right balance between economic development and environmental protection."（建设和谐社会的关键在于找到经济发展与环境保护之间的恰当平衡。） ② "The new residential community was designed to create a harmonious living environment where neighbours can interact and support one another." （经典原句·harmonious environment 和谐环境） 【搭配词块】 a harmonious society 和谐社会 / harmonious relationship 和谐关系 / harmony n. 和谐 / in harmony with 与…和谐 / harmoniously adv. 和谐地 9. submit /səbˈmɪt/ vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 【核心考点】 submit是提交与服从类核心动词。submit a report/proposal/application（提交报告/提案/申请）为应用文写作核心表达。submit to（屈服于/服从于）为阅读熟词生义考点。submission n.（提交/屈服）→ deadline for submission（提交截止日期）。辨析：submit（正式提交）+ to do vs hand in（上交作业）等日常表达。2023年新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空中考查了submit的用法。 【词根联想】 sub-（下/从下往上）+ mit（送/发送，拉丁语mittere"发送"）→ 从下往上送→ 提交/呈递；将自己放到别人下面→ 屈服。联想：mission（任务→送出去）→ sub（从下）+ mit（送）→ 把文件"送上去"→ 提交。同词根：admit（承认→让…进入→送进去）、commit（承诺/犯→完全送出）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：vi. 屈服；服从（=give in/yield to）。例：The rebel forces refused to submit to the government's authority despite weeks of negotiations and international pressure.（尽管经过数周谈判和国际压力，叛军仍拒绝服从政府权威。）本义"提交（给上级）"→ 把自己"交给"别人→"屈服"。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空）"They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park."（他们调查了数百名公园游客，请他们在线提交一份在公园中与自然有意义的互动的书面总结。） ② "All students are required to submit their research papers before the final deadline of December 15th, and late submissions will not be accepted under any circumstances." （经典原句·submit a paper 提交论文） 【搭配词块】 submit a report 提交报告 / submit to 屈服于 / submission n. 提交 / deadline for submission 提交截止日期 / submit an application 提交申请 10. tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ vt. 忍受；容忍；容许 【核心考点】 tolerate是容忍与承受类核心动词，议论文道德伦理话题必备。tolerate doing（容忍做某事）后接动名词而非不定式为语法填空考点。tolerance n.（容忍/宽容）→ tolerant adj.（宽容的）→ be tolerant of（对…宽容）为派生链。辨析：tolerate（忍受不快之事）、stand（忍受，口语）、bear（承受/忍受，多接can't）、endure（长期忍受/忍耐）。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语tolerare"忍受/承受"→ tolerate。联想：toler = "容忍"→ tolerate = 容忍/忍受。同族词：tolerance（宽容）、tolerant（宽容的）、intolerable（无法容忍的）。与endure/persevere构成"坚忍"语义场对比。 【真题原句 / 经典原句】 ①（经典原句）"A truly democratic society must learn to tolerate different opinions and respect the right of every individual to express their views freely."（一个真正民主的社会必须学会容忍不同意见，尊重每个人自由表达观点的权利。） ② "No teacher should tolerate cheating in exams, as it not only harms the fairness of education but also sends a wrong message to hard-working students." （经典原句·tolerate cheating 容忍作弊） 【搭配词块】 tolerate doing 容忍做某事 / tolerance n. 容忍/宽容 / tolerant adj. 宽容的 / be tolerant of 对…宽容 / cannot tolerate 无法容忍 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 emission emit (v.) emissive (adj.) --- carbon emissions / emit gases / zero-emission sustain sustainable (adj.) sustainability (n.) sustained (adj.) sustain life / sustainable development comprehensive comprehend (v.) comprehension (n.) comprehensively (adv.) a comprehensive survey / reading comprehension trend trendy (adj.) trending (adj.) --- a trend towards / follow the trend / a growing trend restrict restriction (n.) restrictive (adj.) restricted (adj.) restrict...to... / without restriction undergo underwent (过去式) undergone (过去分词) --- undergo changes / undergo treatment implement implementation (n.) implementable (adj.) --- implement a policy / full implementation harmonious harmony (n.) harmoniously (adv.) harmonize (v.) harmonious society / in harmony with submit submission (n.) submissive (adj.) --- submit a report / submit to / deadline for submission tolerate tolerance (n.) tolerant (adj.) tolerable (adj.) tolerate doing / be tolerant of / zero tolerance Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解改编）The report showed that transportation-related carbon __________ (emit) were still rising despite international efforts to limit global warming to below two degrees Celsius. 2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解改编）Cycling is widely regarded as the most __________ (sustain) way to explore a city, as it produces no pollution and promotes a healthy lifestyle for urban residents. 3.（2026山东济南·模拟）Before launching the new education programme, the ministry conducted a __________ (comprehension) assessment of the current teaching methods used in schools across the country. 4.（2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解改编）Many experts have expressed concern over the disturbing __________ (tendency) of teenagers spending more and more time on social media platforms at the expense of face-to-face communication. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）The new environmental law __________ (strict) the amount of industrial waste that factories are allowed to discharge into local rivers and groundwater systems. 6.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）Over the past few decades, the small coastal town has __________ (experience) a remarkable transformation from a quiet fishing port into a major centre of international trade and tourism. 7.（2026河南郑州·模拟）The city council voted to __________ (carry) a series of green initiatives, including building more bicycle lanes and increasing the number of public electric vehicle charging stations. 8.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）A __________ (harmony) relationship between economic growth and environmental protection is essential if we want to build a future that is both prosperous and sustainable for coming generations. 9.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空）All participants in the survey were asked __________ (hand) a written summary online describing their personal experience of spending time in a natural environment. 10.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）No modern society can function properly if its citizens refuse __________ (accept) views and opinions that differ from their own deeply held beliefs and values. 11.（2026四川成都·模拟）Scientists warn that the planet cannot __________ (keep) the current rate of resource consumption for much longer without causing irreversible damage to the global ecosystem and climate. 12.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）The government has introduced stricter regulations __________ (limit) the use of single-use plastics in supermarkets, restaurants and other public places across the country. 13.（2026江西南昌·模拟）Before the new drug can be sold to the public, it must __________ (go) years of strict clinical testing to ensure that it is both safe and effective for patients. 14.（2026福建福州·模拟）Students who fail __________ (present) their assignments by the deadline will receive a penalty and may be asked to explain the reason for the delay in writing. 15.（2026陕西西安·模拟）Living in a shared apartment requires everyone __________ (show) a certain degree of patience and learn to get along with people whose habits may be very different from their own. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 工业发展导致二氧化碳__________（排放）激增。科学家警告地球无法再__________（维持）这种污染水平，呼吁采取__________（全面的）的措施应对气候危机。 全球变暖__________（趋势）加速，各国开始__________（限制）化石燃料使用。地球正在__________（经历）快速环境变化，各国努力__________（实施）绿色政策。 目标是建立人与自然__________（和谐的）关系。科学家定期__________（提交）气候数据。公民须学会__________（容忍）短期不便以换取长期环境效益。 Part 7 关联阅读 The world is facing an unprecedented environmental crisis. Carbon dioxide (emission) from factories and vehicles has reached alarming levels, and scientists warn that the planet cannot (sustain) this rapid increase in greenhouse gases for much longer. To address this challenge, the United Nations has called for a (comprehensive) global strategy that covers everything from energy production to waste management. The current warming (trend) shows no signs of slowing down, and many countries have started to (restrict) the use of coal and other fossil fuels in an effort to meet their climate targets. However, experts argue that individual actions are equally important — from reducing personal carbon footprints to supporting green businesses. As economies around the world (undergo) the difficult transition from fossil fuels to clean energy, it is essential to (implement) policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection. Only by creating a(n) (harmonious) balance between development and nature can we hope to build a truly sustainable future. Scientists are required to (submit) detailed reports on climate data every year, and ordinary citizens must learn to (tolerate) changes in their daily lives — such as higher energy costs or new recycling rules — that are necessary for the greater good. After all, there is no Planet B, and the choices we make today will determine the world that our grandchildren inherit. 1. Why have many countries started to restrict the use of coal and other fossil fuels? A. Because coal and fossil fuels are becoming too expensive for ordinary families to afford for cooking and heating. B. Because they want to meet their climate targets and reduce the warming trend that threatens the global environment. C. Because the United Nations has ordered all member states to completely stop using fossil fuels by the end of this decade. D. Because scientists have discovered that coal produces less energy than wind and solar power under most weather conditions. 2. What is essential for building a sustainable future according to the passage? A. Closing down all factories that use fossil fuels and forcing workers to move to the renewable energy industry. B. Raising the price of electricity so that ordinary people will use less energy and reduce their environmental impact. C. Implementing policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection in a harmonious way. D. Asking all countries to stop trading with one another until they can agree on a single global climate strategy. 3. What does the author imply by saying "there is no Planet B"? A. There is no backup planet for humans to move to, so we must do everything we can to protect the one we have. B. Scientists have failed to discover any planets outside our solar system that are similar to Earth in size and temperature. C. The United Nations has officially declared that all space exploration programmes should focus on protecting Earth instead. D. Most countries have agreed that finding a new planet to live on is more important than reducing carbon emissions on Earth. 4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To argue that climate change is a natural phenomenon that humans cannot control and should not worry about too much. B. To entertain readers with interesting stories about scientists who study greenhouse gas emissions in different countries. C. To inform readers about the serious climate situation and encourage both government action and individual responsibility. D. To persuade readers that the only way to solve environmental problems is to return to a traditional agricultural way of life. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：emission, sustain, comprehensive, trend, restrict, undergo, implement, harmonious, submit, tolerate Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. emission — __________ 2. sustain — __________ 3. comprehensive — __________ 4. trend — __________ 5. restrict — __________ 6. undergo — __________ 7. implement — __________ 8. harmonious — __________ 9. submit — __________ 10. tolerate — __________ 11. sustainable — __________ 12. restriction — __________ 13. harmony — __________ 14. submission — __________ 15. tolerance — __________ 16. underwent — __________ 17. implementation — __________ 18. carbon emissions — __________ 19. submit to — __________ 20. be tolerant of — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The factory was fined for releasing harmful gases and smoke into the atmosphere without proper treatment facilities. → The factory was fined for harmful __________ into the atmosphere without proper treatment facilities. 2. The local ecosystem cannot keep supporting such a large population of tourists without suffering permanent damage. → The local ecosystem cannot __________ such a large population of tourists without suffering permanent damage. 3. The research team carried out a complete and detailed analysis of the water samples collected from the river last month. → The research team carried out a __________ analysis of the water samples collected from the river last month. 4. There is a clear general direction towards healthier eating habits among young people in large Chinese cities. → There is a clear __________ towards healthier eating habits among young people in large Chinese cities. 5. The new school rules will limit and control the use of mobile phones during class hours and in the examination hall. → The new school rules will __________ the use of mobile phones during class hours and in the examination hall. 6. The ancient building has experienced and gone through several major repairs since it was first built in the Ming Dynasty. → The ancient building has __________ several major repairs since it was first built in the Ming Dynasty. 7. The city government plans to carry out and put into action a new waste sorting system beginning next January. → The city government plans to __________ a new waste sorting system beginning next January. 8. It is important to maintain a peaceful and balanced relationship between urban development and the protection of natural spaces. → It is important to maintain a __________ relationship between urban development and the protection of natural spaces. 9. All applicants are required to hand in their completed forms and supporting documents before the March 31st deadline. → All applicants are required to __________ their completed forms and supporting documents before the March 31st deadline. 10. A good leader must be able to accept and put up with different opinions and welcome honest criticism from team members. → A good leader must be able to __________ different opinions and welcome honest criticism from team members. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：emission → sustain → comprehensive → trend → restrict → undergo → implement → harmonious → submit → tolerate 复述模板（填空）： 工业发展导致二氧化碳__________（排放）飙升。科学家警告地球无法再__________（维持）这种污染。需要__________（全面）策略应对危机。 变暖__________（趋势）在加速。许多国家开始__________（限制）化石燃料。全球经济正在__________（经历）能源转型。 各国必须__________（实施）绿色政策，建立人与自然__________（和谐）关系。科学家需定期__________（提交）报告。公民须学会__________（容忍）改变。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ $