专题03 Unit 3 Food and Culture-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理人教版2019选择性必修二Unit 3及高考高频词汇，将prior、consist等10个核心词通过语境串记语篇、词根拆解、词性变化总表构建知识网络，以问题导向设计语法填空、默写练习等任务，引导学生从语篇语境到词汇应用自主梳理考点，形成层次分明的词汇认知体系。 亮点在于自主学习支持与思维品质培养，如“语境串联复盘—自我检测”通过记忆链复述模板帮助学生自主诊断词汇掌握情况，“写作运用—词汇升级”任务引导学生用高级词汇替换普通表达提升语言能力。关联阅读结合文化语境强化考点应用，教师可通过练习反馈精准指导，实现个性化复习与因材施教。

专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：prior / consist / consume / elegant / exceptional / minimum / fundamental / ideal / consistent / moderation （知识点来源：选择性必修二 Unit 3 · Food and Culture + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 3 Part 4 词性变化总表 6 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 9 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 10 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 (Prior) to the Tang Dynasty, Chinese cuisine consisted mainly of simple boiled or roasted foods with limited seasonings. But as trade routes expanded, new ingredients and cooking techniques poured in from across Asia and beyond, transforming the way people (consume) food forever. From the (elegant) banquet halls of the imperial court to the busy street stalls of Chang'an, food became a central part of Chinese cultural identity. A traditional Chinese meal typically (consists) of several dishes that are shared among all diners, creating a warm and communal atmosphere. The (exceptional) skill of Chinese chefs lies in balancing five key flavours — sweet, sour, bitter, spicy and salty — to create harmony in every bite. Even a simple home-cooked dish requires a deep understanding of timing, temperature and ingredient combinations. Modern nutritionists agree that a healthy diet should include a (minimum) of five servings of fruits and vegetables daily. This (fundamental) principle applies to people of all ages and backgrounds, though the specific foods vary across cultures. The (ideal) meal plan is one that is (consistent) with your lifestyle and can be maintained over the long term, and it is best to eat everything in (moderation) rather than completely cutting out any food group. 【中文译文】 在唐代（prior）之前，中国烹饪主要（consist）由简单的煮或烤的食物组成，调味料也很有限。但随着贸易路线的扩展，新的食材和烹饪技术从亚洲各地涌入，永远改变了人们（consume）消费食物的方式。从宫廷的（elegant）优雅宴会厅到长安繁华的街头摊位，食物成为中国文化认同的核心部分。 一顿传统的中餐通常（consist）由数道菜组成，所有用餐者共享，营造出温暖而融洽的氛围。中国厨师（exceptional）非凡的技艺在于平衡五种基本味道——甜、酸、苦、辣、咸——在每一口中创造和谐。即使是一道简单的家常菜，也需要对火候、温度和食材搭配有深刻理解。 现代营养学家一致认为，健康饮食每天应摄入至少（minimum）最少五份蔬果。这一（fundamental）基本原则适用于所有年龄段和背景的人，尽管具体食物因文化而异。（ideal）理想的饮食计划是与生活方式（consistent）相一致的，并能长期坚持的，且最好一切以（moderation）适度为原则，而非完全戒掉任何一类食物。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：唐代之前→烹饪简单→食材涌入→消费改变→宫廷优雅→技艺非凡→最少蔬果→基本原则→理想计划→保持一致→适度原则 记忆链：prior → consist → consume → elegant → exceptional → minimum → fundamental → ideal → consistent → moderation Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 prior /ˈpraɪə(r)/ adj. 先前的；优先的 ⚡考点：prior to = before；priority n. 优先事项；prioritize v. 优先处理 2 consist /kənˈsɪst/ vi. 由…组成；在于 ⚡考点：consist of = be made up of；consist in = lie in 在于；consistent adj. 一致的 3 consume /kənˈsjuːm/ vt. 消费；消耗；吃（喝） ⚡考点：熟词生义consume vt. 吃/喝（正式用法）；consumer n. 消费者；consumption n. 消费；消耗 4 elegant /ˈelɪɡənt/ adj. 优雅的；精美的 ⚡考点：an elegant lady/dress/design；elegance n. 优雅；elegantly adv. 优雅地 5 exceptional /ɪkˈsepʃənl/ adj. 非凡的；例外的；杰出的 ⚡考点：exceptional talent/skill；except prep. 除…之外；exception n. 例外 6 minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ adj. 最小的；最低限度的 n. 最小值 ⚡考点：a minimum of；at minimum 至少；反义maximum；minimize v. 最小化 7 fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj. 基本的；根本的；十分重要的 ⚡考点：a fundamental principle/difference；fundamentally adv. 根本上；同义basic/essential 8 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的；完美的 n. 理想 ⚡考点：an ideal solution/place；ideally adv. 理想地；idealize v. 理想化 9 consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj. 一致的；始终如一的 ⚡考点：be consistent with 与…一致；consistently adv. 一贯地；反义inconsistent 10 moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 适度；节制；温和 ⚡考点：in moderation 适度地；moderate adj./v. 适度的/使缓和；moderately adv. 适度地 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. prior /ˈpraɪə(r)/ adj. 先前的；优先的 【核心考点】 prior是时序类核心形容词。prior to（在…之前）= before（书面语/正式语体中替代before提升表达档次）是写作升级考点。priority n.（优先事项）→ give priority to（优先考虑）→ prioritize v.（优先处理）为完整派生链。阅读中prior engagement/commitment（先前约定）为常见搭配。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语prior（较早的/更前面的），pri-（前/先）为原始印欧语词根。联想：prior = "pri（前）+ or（比较级后缀）"→ 更前面的→ 先前的。同族词：prime（首要的一最早的）、primary（初级的一最早阶段的）。 【经典原句】 ① "Prior to the invention of the refrigerator, people preserved food using salt, smoking or drying techniques that had been developed over centuries." （经典原句·prior to 在…之前） 【搭配词块】 prior to 在…之前 / prior knowledge 先前知识 / priority n. 优先事项 / give priority to 优先考虑 / prioritize v. 优先处理 2. consist /kənˈsɪst/ vi. 由…组成；在于 【核心考点】 consist是不及物动词类核心词。consist of（由…组成/包括）= be made up of/comprise为同义替换考点。consist in（在于）= lie in为高级写作表达。注意consist为不及物动词，无被动语态！consistent adj.（一致的）→ consistency n.（一致性）为派生考点。 【词根联想】 con-（共同/一起）+ sist（站立，拉丁语sistere"站"）→ 站在一起→ 组成/在于。联想：sist = "站"→ con（一起）+ sist（站）→ 各个部分"站在一起"→ 由…组成。同词根：exist（存在→站出来）、insist（坚持→站在里面不动）、resist（抵抗→站在对立面）。 【经典原句】 ① "A balanced diet should consist of a variety of foods from different food groups, including grains, proteins, fruits and vegetables." （经典原句·consist of 由…组成） 【搭配词块】 consist of 由…组成 / consist in 在于 / consistent adj. 一致的 / be consistent with 与…一致 / consistency n. 一致性 3. consume /kənˈsjuːm/ vt. 消费；消耗；吃（喝） 【核心考点】 consume是消费与消耗类核心动词。consumer n.（消费者）→ consumption n.（消费/消耗量）→ consumer goods（消费品）为经济学语境高频词汇。最关键考点是熟词生义：consume作正式用语意为"吃/喝"（= eat/drink in a formal way），在描写性语篇中可替代eat提升文采。time-consuming（耗时的）为实用合成词。 【词根联想】 con-（完全/彻底）+ sume（拿/取，拉丁语sumere"拿取"）→ 完全拿走→ 消耗/消费。联想：sume意为"拿取"→ con（完全）+ sume（拿）→ 全部"拿走"→ 消费、消耗掉。同词根：assume（假设→拿过来一个想法）、resume（重新开始→再次拿起）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：vt. 吃；喝（正式用语=eat/drink formally）。例：The wedding guests consumed over fifty plates of the traditional dish within the first hour of the banquet.（婚宴宾客在开席一小时内吃掉了五十多盘这道传统菜肴。）本义"消耗"→ 把食物"消耗"掉→"吃/喝"。 【经典原句】 ① "The guests consumed large quantities of the traditional dishes and praised the chef for the authentic flavours." （经典原句·consume 吃/喝·熟词生义） 【搭配词块】 consume energy/fuel 消耗能源 / consumer n. 消费者 / consumption n. 消费 / time-consuming adj. 耗时的 / consume food 吃食物 4. elegant /ˈelɪɡənt/ adj. 优雅的；精美的 【核心考点】 elegant是审美评价类核心形容词。an elegant lady/dress/design为经典搭配。elegance n.（优雅）→ elegantly adv.（优雅地）为派生考点。在阅读中elegant常用于描述建筑风格、衣着、文字风格等方面的优雅精美。写作中可用于替换beautiful/good，提升表达层次。 【词根联想】 e-（出/向外）+ leg（选择，拉丁语legere"挑选"）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 精心挑选出来的→ 优雅的/精美的。联想：leg = "挑选"→ e（出来）+ leg（选）+ ant → 从众多中"精选出来"的→ 优雅精致的。同词根：select（挑选→分开选）、elect（选举→选出来）。 【经典原句】 ① "The bride wore an elegant white dress that had been handmade by the finest tailor in the city, and every guest admired its delicate embroidery." （经典原句·elegant 优雅的） 【搭配词块】 an elegant lady 优雅的女士 / elegant design 精美的设计 / elegance n. 优雅 / elegantly adv. 优雅地 / elegant solution 巧妙的解决方案 5. exceptional /ɪkˈsepʃənl/ adj. 非凡的；例外的；杰出的 【核心考点】 exceptional是品质评价类核心形容词。exceptional talent/skill/performance（非凡的才能/技艺/表现）为阅读和写作高频搭配。except prep./conj.（除…之外）→ exception n.（例外）→ without exception（毫无例外）为阅读固定短语。近义辨析：exceptional（卓越的/积极）vs unusual（不寻常的/中性）。 【词根联想】 ex-（向外）+ cept（拿/取，拉丁语capere"拿"）+ -ional（复合形容词后缀）→ 拿到外面去的→ 与众不同的→ 非凡的/例外的。联想：cept = "拿"→ ex（向外）+ cept（拿）+ ional → 被"拿出去"单独对待的→ 与众不同的→ 非凡的。同词根：accept（接受→拿来）、concept（概念→一起拿来的东西）。 【经典原句】 ① "The young pianist showed exceptional talent from a very early age and won first prize in the international competition at just twelve years old." （经典原句·exceptional 非凡的） 【搭配词块】 exceptional talent 非凡才能 / exceptional performance 杰出表现 / exception n. 例外 / without exception 毫无例外 / exceptionally adv. 异常地 6. minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ adj. 最小的；最低限度的 n. 最小值 【核心考点】 minimum是数量范围类核心词。a minimum of（最少…/至少…）= at least为同义替换表达。反义词maximum（最大的/最大值）→ maximize v.（最大化）vs minimize v.（最小化）为派生对比考点。图表写作中maximum和minimum是描述数据极值的必用词汇。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语minimus（最小的），mini-（小）为印欧语词根。联想：mini = "小"→ mini（小的）+ mum（最高级后缀）→ "最小"→ 最小值/最低限度。同族词：minor（较小的）、minus（减→变小）、miniature（微型的）。 【经典原句】 ① "To stay healthy, adults should do a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week, according to the World Health Organization." （经典原句·a minimum of 最少） 【搭配词块】 a minimum of 最少；至少 / at minimum 至少 / maximum n. 最大值 / minimize v. 最小化 / maximize v. 最大化 7. fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj. 基本的；根本的；十分重要的 【核心考点】 fundamental是重要性评价类核心形容词。a fundamental principle/difference/change（基本原则/根本差异/根本性变化）为经典搭配。写作中可替代important/basic提升表达层次。fundamentally adv.（根本上）= basically/essentially为近义词。注意区分fundamental（根本的/深层重要）与basic（基础的/浅层基本）。 【词根联想】 fund（基础/底部，拉丁语fundus"底"）+ ament（名词后缀）+ al（形容词后缀）→ 构成基础的→ 基本的/根本的。联想：fund = "基金/基础"→ 基金的建立是"根本的"→ fundamental。同族词：found（建立→打下基础）、foundation（基础/基金会）。 【经典原句】 ① "Respect for cultural differences is a fundamental principle that should guide all international cooperation and communication efforts." （经典原句·fundamental 基本的） 【搭配词块】 a fundamental principle 基本原则 / fundamental difference 根本差异 / fundamentally adv. 根本上 / be fundamental to 对…至关重要 8. ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的；完美的 n. 理想 【核心考点】 ideal是评价判断类核心词。an ideal solution/place/candidate（理想的解决方案/地点/候选人）为写作高频搭配。ideally adv.（理想地）→ idealize v.（理想化）为派生考点。注意ideal作名词时意为"理想/完美的典范"，与idea（想法）拼写相近但含义不同，易混淆。 【词根联想】 源自idea（理念/想法，希腊语idea"形式/理念"）→ ideal（理想的→符合"理念"的完美状态）。联想：idea（想法）+ l → 符合心中"想法"的完美状态→ 理想的。同族词：ideology（意识形态→ idea+ology学科）。 【经典原句】 ① "An ideal learning environment is one where students feel safe to ask questions, express their opinions and learn from their mistakes." （经典原句·ideal 理想的） 【搭配词块】 an ideal solution 理想的解决方案 / ideal conditions 理想条件 / ideally adv. 理想地 / idealize v. 理想化 / ideal candidate 理想候选人 9. consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj. 一致的；始终如一的 【核心考点】 consistent是逻辑与品质类核心形容词。be consistent with（与…一致/符合）为语法填空和阅读高频固搭。consistently adv.（一贯地/始终如一地）→ consistency n.（一致性/连贯性）为完整派生链。反义词inconsistent（不一致的/前后矛盾的）在逻辑判断题中常作干扰项的关键标签词。 【词根联想】 源自consist（由…组成/在于）+ -ent（形容词后缀）→ 各部分"站在一起"→ 协调一致的→ 始终如一的。联想：consist（组成）→ 组成后不散架的→"始终如一"→ consistent。 【经典原句】 ① "The results of the experiment were consistent with the scientist's earlier predictions, providing strong support for the original theory." （经典原句·consistent with 与…一致） 【搭配词块】 be consistent with 与…一致 / consistently adv. 一贯地 / consistency n. 一致性 / inconsistent adj. 不一致的 / consistent performance 稳定的表现 10. moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 适度；节制；温和 【核心考点】 moderation是行为原则类核心名词。in moderation（适度地/有节制地）为健康、饮食类话题高频固定短语。moderate adj.（适度的/温和的）/ v.（使缓和）→ moderately adv.（适度地）为派生考点。写作中用于表达"适度原则"的平衡观点，体现思维深度。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语moderatio（节制/适度），moder-（量度/尺度）+ -ation（名词后缀）→ 保持在尺度之内→ 适度/节制。联想：mode（模式）→ 保持在"正常模式"→ 不要过度→ moderation。同族词：moderate（适度的）、modest（谦虚的→适度的）。 【经典原句】 ① "Eating sugary foods in moderation is not harmful to health, but consuming them in large quantities on a daily basis can lead to serious problems." （经典原句·in moderation 适度地） 【搭配词块】 in moderation 适度地 / moderate adj. 适度的；温和的 / moderately adv. 适度地 / exercise moderation 保持节制 / diet moderation 饮食节制 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 prior priority (n.) prioritize (v.) --- prior to / give priority to consist consistent (adj.) consistency (n.) consistently (adv.) consist of / consist in / be consistent with consume consumer (n.) consumption (n.) consumable (adj.) consume energy / consumer goods / time-consuming elegant elegance (n.) elegantly (adv.) --- an elegant design / dress elegantly exceptional exception (n.) exceptionally (adv.) --- exceptional talent / without exception minimum minimize (v.) minimal (adj.) minimally (adv.) a minimum of / at minimum / reduce to a minimum fundamental fundamentally (adv.) fundament (n.) --- fundamental principle / fundamentally different ideal ideally (adv.) idealize (v.) idealism (n.) an ideal solution / ideally suited consistent consistently (adv.) consistency (n.) inconsistent (adj.) be consistent with / consistently perform moderation moderate (adj./v.) moderately (adv.) moderator (n.) in moderation / moderate exercise Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2026山东济南·模拟）__________ (priority) to the invention of modern cooking appliances, people in ancient times prepared meals using open fires and simple clay pots that had been made by hand. 2.（2026广东广州·模拟）A traditional Chinese banquet usually __________ (composition) of eight to twelve dishes that are carefully arranged to create a perfect balance of colours, flavours and textures. 3.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The average family in urban China now __________ (spend) significantly more money on dining out and food delivery services than they did just ten years ago. 4.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The restaurant was decorated in an __________ (graceful) and modern style, with soft lighting, wooden furniture and traditional paintings on every wall. 5.（2026四川成都·模拟）Lin was a truly __________ (remark) student who not only achieved top grades in every subject but also volunteered at the local food bank every weekend without fail. 6.（2026河南郑州·模拟）To qualify for the cooking competition, each team must prepare a __________ (little) of three different dishes using only the ingredients provided on the day of the contest. 7.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Understanding the nutritional value of different foods is a __________ (base) skill that every young person should learn before they start living on their own. 8.（2026辽宁沈阳·模拟）For someone who wants to lose weight while still enjoying good food, the __________ (perfection) approach is to cook at home using fresh, natural ingredients as much as possible. 9.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Her study habits have been very __________ (unchanged) throughout the entire semester — she reviews her notes for two hours every single evening without exception. 10.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The key to maintaining a healthy relationship with food is to eat everything in __________ (moderate), enjoying treats occasionally without feeling guilty or going to extremes. 11.（2026福建福州·模拟）Please let me know your plans at least a week __________ (early) to our meeting so that I can make all the necessary arrangements in advance. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）The beauty of Chinese cuisine __________ (lie) in its incredible diversity — from the spicy flavours of Sichuan to the delicate tastes of Guangdong, every region has something unique to offer. 13.（2026江苏南京·模拟）The food industry is one of the largest __________ (employ) of workers in the country, with millions of people working in restaurants, food processing plants and delivery services. 14.（2026重庆·模拟）Doctors recommend that adults should do at __________ (less) 30 minutes of moderate exercise five times a week to maintain good cardiovascular health. 15.（2026北京·模拟）The research findings were highly __________ (connect) with earlier studies conducted in Europe and North America, which strengthens the conclusion that diet affects mental health across all cultures. 【答案】 1. Prior 2. consists 3. consumes 4. elegant 5. exceptional 6. minimum 7. fundamental 8. ideal 9. consistent 10. moderation 11. prior 12. consists 13. consumers 14. minimum 15. consistent 【逐题解析】 1. Prior — 提示词priority（名词·优先）需转形容词Prior。Prior to = Before，句首大写。表示在…之前，为正式书面语表达。 2. consists — 提示词composition（名词·组成）需转动词consists。consist of = 由…组成。主语banquet为单数，第三人称单数加s。 3. consumes — 提示词spend（动词·花费）需转动词consumes。consume money on = 在…上花钱。主语family为单数，需加s。 4. elegant — 提示词graceful（形容词·优雅的）需转同义形容词elegant。an elegant and modern style = 优雅现代的风格。不定冠词+形容词+名词结构。 5. exceptional — 提示词remark（动词/名词·评论/注意）需转形容词exceptional。a truly exceptional student = 真正非凡的学生。副词truly修饰形容词。 6. minimum — 提示词little（形容词·小的）需转名词minimum。a minimum of three dishes = 最少三道菜。冠词+名词+of结构。 7. fundamental — 提示词base（名词·基础）需转形容词fundamental。a fundamental skill = 一项基本技能。冠词+形容词+名词结构。 8. ideal — 提示词perfection（名词·完美）需转形容词ideal。the ideal approach = 理想的方法。冠词+形容词+名词结构。 9. consistent — 提示词unchanged（形容词·不变的）需转形容词consistent。have been very consistent = 一直非常稳定。系动词+形容词表状态。 10. moderation — 提示词moderate（形容词·适度的）需转名词moderation。in moderation = 适度地。介词in后接名词构成固定短语。 11. prior — 提示词early（形容词·早的）需转形容词prior。a week prior to = 在…一周前。prior to为固定搭配表示"在…之前"。 12. consists — 提示词lie（动词·位于/在于）需转动词consists。consists in = 在于。主语beauty为单数，需加s。 13. employers — 提示词employ（动词·雇用）需转名词employers。one of the largest employers = 最大的雇主之一。one of + 复数名词结构。 14. minimum — 提示词less（形容词·较少的）需转名词minimum。at minimum = 至少。at + 名词构成固定短语表示程度。 15. consistent — 提示词connect（动词·连接）需转形容词consistent。be consistent with = 与…一致。系动词+形容词+with结构。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 唐代__________（之前），中国烹饪__________（由…组成）简单水煮或烧烤食物。贸易扩展后，人们__________（消费）食物的方式彻底改变。 __________（优雅的）宫廷宴席和街头摊位并存。中国菜__________（由…组成）多道共享菜，厨师__________（非凡的）技艺在于平衡五味。 每天至少__________（最少的）五份蔬果是__________（基本的）原则。__________（理想的）计划应与你生活__________（一致），一切以__________（适度）为原则。 【答案】 prior; consisted; consumed; elegant; consists; exceptional; minimum; fundamental; ideal; consistent; moderation Part 7 关联阅读 (Prior) to the rapid globalisation of food culture that we see today, what people ate was largely determined by geography and local climate. A traditional Chinese meal, for example, would (consist) of whatever grains, vegetables and meats were available in the region, shaped by centuries of agricultural wisdom, seasonal rhythms and cooking techniques passed down through generations. Today, however, people (consume) a far wider variety of foods than ever before, thanks to international trade and modern logistics. From the (elegant) dining rooms of Michelin-starred restaurants to the lively night markets of Southeast Asia, food has become a universal language that bridges cultures and brings people together. The (exceptional) diversity of world cuisines reflects thousands of years of human creativity, migration and cultural exchange. Nutrition experts recommend that everyone should eat a (minimum) of five servings of fruits and vegetables daily, yet surveys show that most people in modern societies fall short of this target. A (fundamental) shift in eating habits is needed — not a drastic, short-term diet, but rather an (ideal) eating pattern that is (consistent) with one's daily routine and cultural traditions. Most importantly, health professionals stress the value of (moderation): enjoying all types of food in reasonable amounts is more sustainable than following strict rules that are impossible to maintain. 1. What determined what people ate before the globalisation of food culture? A. What people consumed was mainly influenced by geography and the local climate of the region where they lived. B. Governments set strict rules about what types of food citizens were allowed to buy and eat. C. Large international food companies decided which products to sell in each country based on their market research. D. Religious leaders in each community chose the menu for every meal that families prepared at home. 2. What has made it possible for people today to enjoy a wider variety of foods? A. Governments have ordered all countries to share their traditional recipes on public websites. B. International trade and modern logistics have allowed food to travel across the world quickly. C. Every family now has a professional chef who can prepare dishes from different countries. D. Robots and artificial intelligence have completely replaced human farmers in most countries. 3. What do nutrition experts recommend regarding daily fruit and vegetable intake? A. People should avoid eating any fruits or vegetables that are not grown in their own country. B. Everyone is required to follow a strict vegetarian diet and completely stop eating any form of meat. C. A minimum of five servings should be consumed every day, according to health guidelines. D. Nutrition experts disagree on the amount and suggest that each person should decide for themselves. 4. What kind of approach to eating does the author support in the last paragraph? A. Drastically cutting out all carbohydrates and sugars to achieve the fastest possible weight loss. B. Following an eating pattern that is consistent with daily life while enjoying all food types in moderation. C. Eating only organic and locally grown food while completely avoiding anything that has been processed. D. Counting every single calorie consumed each day and strictly limiting food intake to below 1,200 calories. 参考答案与高考标准解析 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段以prior和consist两个目标词构建全球化之前的饮食图景。Prior to the rapid globalisation设定时间背景，people ate was largely determined by geography and local climate点明决定因素——地理和气候。选项A精准还原了这一因果逻辑。注意prior to在此处为书面语正式表达，可替代before提升阅读语篇的语言层次。B项政府设定规则在文中无依据；C项国际公司决策为现代现象，时序错位；D项宗教领袖为无中生有。 第2题（因果判断题·中频题型）：第二段将consume、elegant、exceptional三个目标词串联成全球食品文化的壮丽画卷。thanks to international trade and modern logistics清晰点明饮食多样化的两大驱动力量——国际贸易和现代物流。elegant dining rooms与lively night markets的对比体现了这种多样化的广谱覆盖，exceptional diversity作为段尾总结性评价。选项B准确识别了这两大原因。A项政府强制在文中无提及；C项每家有专业厨师过度夸张；D项机器人全面取代为凭空推断。 第3题（细节理解题·中频题型）：第三段首句用minimum直接引用专家建议——a minimum of five servings of fruits and vegetables daily。minimum在此意为最低限量而非精确数值，体现的是底线而非上限。选项C完整还原了这一专家建议。注意B项的strict vegetarian与后文enjoying all types of food的包容态度直接矛盾；D项的专家意见不统一在文中并无体现——全文引用的营养学界观点是一致的。 第4题（主旨观点题·高考压轴）：末段集中使用了fundamental、ideal、consistent、moderation四个目标词构建作者的核心饮食哲学。先以fundamental shift否定极端短期节食，再以ideal eating pattern + consistent with daily routine提出理想方案的两大标准，最后以moderation作为核心原则收束全文——enjoying all types of food in reasonable amounts。选项B将一致性（consistent）和适度（moderation）两大支柱融合为完整的饮食观。A项极端戒碳水与适度原则正面冲突；C项只吃有机食品窄化了包容性饮食理念；D项每天计算卡路里的机械做法与可持续的生活化饮食理念背道而驰。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：prior, consist, consume, elegant, exceptional, minimum, fundamental, ideal, consistent, moderation Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. prior — __________ 2. consist — __________ 3. consume — __________ 4. elegant — __________ 5. exceptional — __________ 6. minimum — __________ 7. fundamental — __________ 8. ideal — __________ 9. consistent — __________ 10. moderation — __________ 11. prior to — __________ 12. consist of — __________ 13. consumer — __________ 14. elegance — __________ 15. exception — __________ 16. at minimum — __________ 17. fundamentally — __________ 18. ideally — __________ 19. be consistent with — __________ 20. in moderation — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 先前的；优先的 2. 由…组成；在于 3. 消费；消耗；吃 4. 优雅的；精美的 5. 非凡的；例外的 6. 最小的；最低限度 7. 基本的；根本的 8. 理想的；完美的 9. 一致的；始终如一的 10. 适度；节制 11. 在…之前（短语） 12. 由…组成（短语） 13. 消费者（名词） 14. 优雅（名词） 15. 例外（名词） 16. 至少（短语） 17. 根本上（副词） 18. 理想地（副词） 19. 与…一致（短语） 20. 适度地（短语） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. Before the invention of the internet, people relied mainly on newspapers and television for daily news and information. → __________ to the invention of the internet, people relied mainly on newspapers and television for daily news and information. 2. A healthy and balanced diet should include a variety of different foods from all the major food groups every day. → A healthy and balanced diet should __________ of a variety of different foods from all the major food groups every day. 3. The average person in the city now spends a lot more money on food delivery services than just five years ago. → The average person in the city now __________ a lot more money on food delivery services than just five years ago. 4. The bride looked very beautiful and graceful in her traditional red Chinese wedding dress. → The bride looked very __________ in her traditional red Chinese wedding dress. 5. She showed truly amazing and remarkable talent for cooking from a very young age, impressing everyone around her. → She showed truly __________ talent for cooking from a very young age, impressing everyone around her. 6. You need to spend at least thirty minutes a day on physical exercise to stay healthy and fit. → You need to spend a __________ of thirty minutes a day on physical exercise to stay healthy and fit. 7. Learning to manage your personal finances is a very basic and essential life skill for young adults. → Learning to manage your personal finances is a __________ life skill for young adults. 8. For most students, the perfect study environment is a quiet library with good lighting and comfortable seating. → For most students, the __________ study environment is a quiet library with good lighting and comfortable seating. 9. Her efforts to improve her English have been steady and reliable throughout the entire school year. → Her efforts to improve her English have been __________ throughout the entire school year. 10. The doctor advised him to enjoy all kinds of food, but always in reasonable amounts and never to excess. → The doctor advised him to enjoy all kinds of food, but always in __________ and never to excess. 【答案】 1. Prior 2. consist 3. consumes 4. elegant 5. exceptional 6. minimum 7. fundamental 8. ideal 9. consistent 10. moderation Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：prior → consist → consume → elegant → exceptional → minimum → fundamental → ideal → consistent → moderation 复述模板（填空）： 唐代__________（之前），中国烹饪__________（由…组成）简单食物。贸易扩展后，人们__________（消费）食物方式彻底改变。 __________（优雅的）宴席与街头摊位并存。中国菜__________（由…组成）多道共享菜，厨师__________（非凡的）技艺平衡五味。 每天至少__________（最少的）五份蔬果是__________（基本的）原则。__________（理想的）计划应__________（一致）于生活，以__________（适度）为原则。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：prior; consisted; consumed; elegant; consists; exceptional; minimum; fundamental; ideal; consistent; moderation 复述模板参考版本： Prior to the Tang Dynasty, Chinese cuisine consisted mainly of simple boiled or roasted foods. As trade routes expanded, new ingredients transformed the way people consumed food. From elegant imperial banquets to busy street stalls, food became a central part of cultural identity. A traditional Chinese meal consists of shared dishes, and the exceptional skill of Chinese chefs lies in balancing five key flavours. Nutritionists recommend a minimum of five daily servings of fruits and vegetables as a fundamental principle. The ideal eating pattern is one that is consistent with your lifestyle, and the key to long-term health is to enjoy all foods in moderation. $专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：prior / consist / consume / elegant / exceptional / minimum / fundamental / ideal / consistent / moderation （知识点来源：选择性必修二 Unit 3 · Food and Culture + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 3 Part 4 词性变化总表 6 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 7 【练习题】 7 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 8 【练习题】 8 Part 7 关联阅读 8 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 9 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 9 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 10 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 (Prior) to the Tang Dynasty, Chinese cuisine consisted mainly of simple boiled or roasted foods with limited seasonings. But as trade routes expanded, new ingredients and cooking techniques poured in from across Asia and beyond, transforming the way people (consume) food forever. From the (elegant) banquet halls of the imperial court to the busy street stalls of Chang'an, food became a central part of Chinese cultural identity. A traditional Chinese meal typically (consists) of several dishes that are shared among all diners, creating a warm and communal atmosphere. The (exceptional) skill of Chinese chefs lies in balancing five key flavours — sweet, sour, bitter, spicy and salty — to create harmony in every bite. Even a simple home-cooked dish requires a deep understanding of timing, temperature and ingredient combinations. Modern nutritionists agree that a healthy diet should include a (minimum) of five servings of fruits and vegetables daily. This (fundamental) principle applies to people of all ages and backgrounds, though the specific foods vary across cultures. The (ideal) meal plan is one that is (consistent) with your lifestyle and can be maintained over the long term, and it is best to eat everything in (moderation) rather than completely cutting out any food group. 【中文译文】 在唐代（prior）之前，中国烹饪主要（consist）由简单的煮或烤的食物组成，调味料也很有限。但随着贸易路线的扩展，新的食材和烹饪技术从亚洲各地涌入，永远改变了人们（consume）消费食物的方式。从宫廷的（elegant）优雅宴会厅到长安繁华的街头摊位，食物成为中国文化认同的核心部分。 一顿传统的中餐通常（consist）由数道菜组成，所有用餐者共享，营造出温暖而融洽的氛围。中国厨师（exceptional）非凡的技艺在于平衡五种基本味道——甜、酸、苦、辣、咸——在每一口中创造和谐。即使是一道简单的家常菜，也需要对火候、温度和食材搭配有深刻理解。 现代营养学家一致认为，健康饮食每天应摄入至少（minimum）最少五份蔬果。这一（fundamental）基本原则适用于所有年龄段和背景的人，尽管具体食物因文化而异。（ideal）理想的饮食计划是与生活方式（consistent）相一致的，并能长期坚持的，且最好一切以（moderation）适度为原则，而非完全戒掉任何一类食物。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：唐代之前→烹饪简单→食材涌入→消费改变→宫廷优雅→技艺非凡→最少蔬果→基本原则→理想计划→保持一致→适度原则 记忆链：prior → consist → consume → elegant → exceptional → minimum → fundamental → ideal → consistent → moderation Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 prior /ˈpraɪə(r)/ adj. 先前的；优先的 ⚡考点：prior to = before；priority n. 优先事项；prioritize v. 优先处理 2 consist /kənˈsɪst/ vi. 由…组成；在于 ⚡考点：consist of = be made up of；consist in = lie in 在于；consistent adj. 一致的 3 consume /kənˈsjuːm/ vt. 消费；消耗；吃（喝） ⚡考点：熟词生义consume vt. 吃/喝（正式用法）；consumer n. 消费者；consumption n. 消费；消耗 4 elegant /ˈelɪɡənt/ adj. 优雅的；精美的 ⚡考点：an elegant lady/dress/design；elegance n. 优雅；elegantly adv. 优雅地 5 exceptional /ɪkˈsepʃənl/ adj. 非凡的；例外的；杰出的 ⚡考点：exceptional talent/skill；except prep. 除…之外；exception n. 例外 6 minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ adj. 最小的；最低限度的 n. 最小值 ⚡考点：a minimum of；at minimum 至少；反义maximum；minimize v. 最小化 7 fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj. 基本的；根本的；十分重要的 ⚡考点：a fundamental principle/difference；fundamentally adv. 根本上；同义basic/essential 8 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的；完美的 n. 理想 ⚡考点：an ideal solution/place；ideally adv. 理想地；idealize v. 理想化 9 consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj. 一致的；始终如一的 ⚡考点：be consistent with 与…一致；consistently adv. 一贯地；反义inconsistent 10 moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 适度；节制；温和 ⚡考点：in moderation 适度地；moderate adj./v. 适度的/使缓和；moderately adv. 适度地 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. prior /ˈpraɪə(r)/ adj. 先前的；优先的 【核心考点】 prior是时序类核心形容词。prior to（在…之前）= before（书面语/正式语体中替代before提升表达档次）是写作升级考点。priority n.（优先事项）→ give priority to（优先考虑）→ prioritize v.（优先处理）为完整派生链。阅读中prior engagement/commitment（先前约定）为常见搭配。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语prior（较早的/更前面的），pri-（前/先）为原始印欧语词根。联想：prior = "pri（前）+ or（比较级后缀）"→ 更前面的→ 先前的。同族词：prime（首要的一最早的）、primary（初级的一最早阶段的）。 【经典原句】 ① "Prior to the invention of the refrigerator, people preserved food using salt, smoking or drying techniques that had been developed over centuries." （经典原句·prior to 在…之前） 【搭配词块】 prior to 在…之前 / prior knowledge 先前知识 / priority n. 优先事项 / give priority to 优先考虑 / prioritize v. 优先处理 2. consist /kənˈsɪst/ vi. 由…组成；在于 【核心考点】 consist是不及物动词类核心词。consist of（由…组成/包括）= be made up of/comprise为同义替换考点。consist in（在于）= lie in为高级写作表达。注意consist为不及物动词，无被动语态！consistent adj.（一致的）→ consistency n.（一致性）为派生考点。 【词根联想】 con-（共同/一起）+ sist（站立，拉丁语sistere"站"）→ 站在一起→ 组成/在于。联想：sist = "站"→ con（一起）+ sist（站）→ 各个部分"站在一起"→ 由…组成。同词根：exist（存在→站出来）、insist（坚持→站在里面不动）、resist（抵抗→站在对立面）。 【经典原句】 ① "A balanced diet should consist of a variety of foods from different food groups, including grains, proteins, fruits and vegetables." （经典原句·consist of 由…组成） 【搭配词块】 consist of 由…组成 / consist in 在于 / consistent adj. 一致的 / be consistent with 与…一致 / consistency n. 一致性 3. consume /kənˈsjuːm/ vt. 消费；消耗；吃（喝） 【核心考点】 consume是消费与消耗类核心动词。consumer n.（消费者）→ consumption n.（消费/消耗量）→ consumer goods（消费品）为经济学语境高频词汇。最关键考点是熟词生义：consume作正式用语意为"吃/喝"（= eat/drink in a formal way），在描写性语篇中可替代eat提升文采。time-consuming（耗时的）为实用合成词。 【词根联想】 con-（完全/彻底）+ sume（拿/取，拉丁语sumere"拿取"）→ 完全拿走→ 消耗/消费。联想：sume意为"拿取"→ con（完全）+ sume（拿）→ 全部"拿走"→ 消费、消耗掉。同词根：assume（假设→拿过来一个想法）、resume（重新开始→再次拿起）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：vt. 吃；喝（正式用语=eat/drink formally）。例：The wedding guests consumed over fifty plates of the traditional dish within the first hour of the banquet.（婚宴宾客在开席一小时内吃掉了五十多盘这道传统菜肴。）本义"消耗"→ 把食物"消耗"掉→"吃/喝"。 【经典原句】 ① "The guests consumed large quantities of the traditional dishes and praised the chef for the authentic flavours." （经典原句·consume 吃/喝·熟词生义） 【搭配词块】 consume energy/fuel 消耗能源 / consumer n. 消费者 / consumption n. 消费 / time-consuming adj. 耗时的 / consume food 吃食物 4. elegant /ˈelɪɡənt/ adj. 优雅的；精美的 【核心考点】 elegant是审美评价类核心形容词。an elegant lady/dress/design为经典搭配。elegance n.（优雅）→ elegantly adv.（优雅地）为派生考点。在阅读中elegant常用于描述建筑风格、衣着、文字风格等方面的优雅精美。写作中可用于替换beautiful/good，提升表达层次。 【词根联想】 e-（出/向外）+ leg（选择，拉丁语legere"挑选"）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 精心挑选出来的→ 优雅的/精美的。联想：leg = "挑选"→ e（出来）+ leg（选）+ ant → 从众多中"精选出来"的→ 优雅精致的。同词根：select（挑选→分开选）、elect（选举→选出来）。 【经典原句】 ① "The bride wore an elegant white dress that had been handmade by the finest tailor in the city, and every guest admired its delicate embroidery." （经典原句·elegant 优雅的） 【搭配词块】 an elegant lady 优雅的女士 / elegant design 精美的设计 / elegance n. 优雅 / elegantly adv. 优雅地 / elegant solution 巧妙的解决方案 5. exceptional /ɪkˈsepʃənl/ adj. 非凡的；例外的；杰出的 【核心考点】 exceptional是品质评价类核心形容词。exceptional talent/skill/performance（非凡的才能/技艺/表现）为阅读和写作高频搭配。except prep./conj.（除…之外）→ exception n.（例外）→ without exception（毫无例外）为阅读固定短语。近义辨析：exceptional（卓越的/积极）vs unusual（不寻常的/中性）。 【词根联想】 ex-（向外）+ cept（拿/取，拉丁语capere"拿"）+ -ional（复合形容词后缀）→ 拿到外面去的→ 与众不同的→ 非凡的/例外的。联想：cept = "拿"→ ex（向外）+ cept（拿）+ ional → 被"拿出去"单独对待的→ 与众不同的→ 非凡的。同词根：accept（接受→拿来）、concept（概念→一起拿来的东西）。 【经典原句】 ① "The young pianist showed exceptional talent from a very early age and won first prize in the international competition at just twelve years old." （经典原句·exceptional 非凡的） 【搭配词块】 exceptional talent 非凡才能 / exceptional performance 杰出表现 / exception n. 例外 / without exception 毫无例外 / exceptionally adv. 异常地 6. minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ adj. 最小的；最低限度的 n. 最小值 【核心考点】 minimum是数量范围类核心词。a minimum of（最少…/至少…）= at least为同义替换表达。反义词maximum（最大的/最大值）→ maximize v.（最大化）vs minimize v.（最小化）为派生对比考点。图表写作中maximum和minimum是描述数据极值的必用词汇。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语minimus（最小的），mini-（小）为印欧语词根。联想：mini = "小"→ mini（小的）+ mum（最高级后缀）→ "最小"→ 最小值/最低限度。同族词：minor（较小的）、minus（减→变小）、miniature（微型的）。 【经典原句】 ① "To stay healthy, adults should do a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week, according to the World Health Organization." （经典原句·a minimum of 最少） 【搭配词块】 a minimum of 最少；至少 / at minimum 至少 / maximum n. 最大值 / minimize v. 最小化 / maximize v. 最大化 7. fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj. 基本的；根本的；十分重要的 【核心考点】 fundamental是重要性评价类核心形容词。a fundamental principle/difference/change（基本原则/根本差异/根本性变化）为经典搭配。写作中可替代important/basic提升表达层次。fundamentally adv.（根本上）= basically/essentially为近义词。注意区分fundamental（根本的/深层重要）与basic（基础的/浅层基本）。 【词根联想】 fund（基础/底部，拉丁语fundus"底"）+ ament（名词后缀）+ al（形容词后缀）→ 构成基础的→ 基本的/根本的。联想：fund = "基金/基础"→ 基金的建立是"根本的"→ fundamental。同族词：found（建立→打下基础）、foundation（基础/基金会）。 【经典原句】 ① "Respect for cultural differences is a fundamental principle that should guide all international cooperation and communication efforts." （经典原句·fundamental 基本的） 【搭配词块】 a fundamental principle 基本原则 / fundamental difference 根本差异 / fundamentally adv. 根本上 / be fundamental to 对…至关重要 8. ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的；完美的 n. 理想 【核心考点】 ideal是评价判断类核心词。an ideal solution/place/candidate（理想的解决方案/地点/候选人）为写作高频搭配。ideally adv.（理想地）→ idealize v.（理想化）为派生考点。注意ideal作名词时意为"理想/完美的典范"，与idea（想法）拼写相近但含义不同，易混淆。 【词根联想】 源自idea（理念/想法，希腊语idea"形式/理念"）→ ideal（理想的→符合"理念"的完美状态）。联想：idea（想法）+ l → 符合心中"想法"的完美状态→ 理想的。同族词：ideology（意识形态→ idea+ology学科）。 【经典原句】 ① "An ideal learning environment is one where students feel safe to ask questions, express their opinions and learn from their mistakes." （经典原句·ideal 理想的） 【搭配词块】 an ideal solution 理想的解决方案 / ideal conditions 理想条件 / ideally adv. 理想地 / idealize v. 理想化 / ideal candidate 理想候选人 9. consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj. 一致的；始终如一的 【核心考点】 consistent是逻辑与品质类核心形容词。be consistent with（与…一致/符合）为语法填空和阅读高频固搭。consistently adv.（一贯地/始终如一地）→ consistency n.（一致性/连贯性）为完整派生链。反义词inconsistent（不一致的/前后矛盾的）在逻辑判断题中常作干扰项的关键标签词。 【词根联想】 源自consist（由…组成/在于）+ -ent（形容词后缀）→ 各部分"站在一起"→ 协调一致的→ 始终如一的。联想：consist（组成）→ 组成后不散架的→"始终如一"→ consistent。 【经典原句】 ① "The results of the experiment were consistent with the scientist's earlier predictions, providing strong support for the original theory." （经典原句·consistent with 与…一致） 【搭配词块】 be consistent with 与…一致 / consistently adv. 一贯地 / consistency n. 一致性 / inconsistent adj. 不一致的 / consistent performance 稳定的表现 10. moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 适度；节制；温和 【核心考点】 moderation是行为原则类核心名词。in moderation（适度地/有节制地）为健康、饮食类话题高频固定短语。moderate adj.（适度的/温和的）/ v.（使缓和）→ moderately adv.（适度地）为派生考点。写作中用于表达"适度原则"的平衡观点，体现思维深度。 【词根联想】 源自拉丁语moderatio（节制/适度），moder-（量度/尺度）+ -ation（名词后缀）→ 保持在尺度之内→ 适度/节制。联想：mode（模式）→ 保持在"正常模式"→ 不要过度→ moderation。同族词：moderate（适度的）、modest（谦虚的→适度的）。 【经典原句】 ① "Eating sugary foods in moderation is not harmful to health, but consuming them in large quantities on a daily basis can lead to serious problems." （经典原句·in moderation 适度地） 【搭配词块】 in moderation 适度地 / moderate adj. 适度的；温和的 / moderately adv. 适度地 / exercise moderation 保持节制 / diet moderation 饮食节制 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 prior priority (n.) prioritize (v.) --- prior to / give priority to consist consistent (adj.) consistency (n.) consistently (adv.) consist of / consist in / be consistent with consume consumer (n.) consumption (n.) consumable (adj.) consume energy / consumer goods / time-consuming elegant elegance (n.) elegantly (adv.) --- an elegant design / dress elegantly exceptional exception (n.) exceptionally (adv.) --- exceptional talent / without exception minimum minimize (v.) minimal (adj.) minimally (adv.) a minimum of / at minimum / reduce to a minimum fundamental fundamentally (adv.) fundament (n.) --- fundamental principle / fundamentally different ideal ideally (adv.) idealize (v.) idealism (n.) an ideal solution / ideally suited consistent consistently (adv.) consistency (n.) inconsistent (adj.) be consistent with / consistently perform moderation moderate (adj./v.) moderately (adv.) moderator (n.) in moderation / moderate exercise Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2026山东济南·模拟）__________ (priority) to the invention of modern cooking appliances, people in ancient times prepared meals using open fires and simple clay pots that had been made by hand. 2.（2026广东广州·模拟）A traditional Chinese banquet usually __________ (composition) of eight to twelve dishes that are carefully arranged to create a perfect balance of colours, flavours and textures. 3.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The average family in urban China now __________ (spend) significantly more money on dining out and food delivery services than they did just ten years ago. 4.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The restaurant was decorated in an __________ (graceful) and modern style, with soft lighting, wooden furniture and traditional paintings on every wall. 5.（2026四川成都·模拟）Lin was a truly __________ (remark) student who not only achieved top grades in every subject but also volunteered at the local food bank every weekend without fail. 6.（2026河南郑州·模拟）To qualify for the cooking competition, each team must prepare a __________ (little) of three different dishes using only the ingredients provided on the day of the contest. 7.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Understanding the nutritional value of different foods is a __________ (base) skill that every young person should learn before they start living on their own. 8.（2026辽宁沈阳·模拟）For someone who wants to lose weight while still enjoying good food, the __________ (perfection) approach is to cook at home using fresh, natural ingredients as much as possible. 9.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Her study habits have been very __________ (unchanged) throughout the entire semester — she reviews her notes for two hours every single evening without exception. 10.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The key to maintaining a healthy relationship with food is to eat everything in __________ (moderate), enjoying treats occasionally without feeling guilty or going to extremes. 11.（2026福建福州·模拟）Please let me know your plans at least a week __________ (early) to our meeting so that I can make all the necessary arrangements in advance. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）The beauty of Chinese cuisine __________ (lie) in its incredible diversity — from the spicy flavours of Sichuan to the delicate tastes of Guangdong, every region has something unique to offer. 13.（2026江苏南京·模拟）The food industry is one of the largest __________ (employ) of workers in the country, with millions of people working in restaurants, food processing plants and delivery services. 14.（2026重庆·模拟）Doctors recommend that adults should do at __________ (less) 30 minutes of moderate exercise five times a week to maintain good cardiovascular health. 15.（2026北京·模拟）The research findings were highly __________ (connect) with earlier studies conducted in Europe and North America, which strengthens the conclusion that diet affects mental health across all cultures. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 唐代__________（之前），中国烹饪__________（由…组成）简单水煮或烧烤食物。贸易扩展后，人们__________（消费）食物的方式彻底改变。 __________（优雅的）宫廷宴席和街头摊位并存。中国菜__________（由…组成）多道共享菜，厨师__________（非凡的）技艺在于平衡五味。 每天至少__________（最少的）五份蔬果是__________（基本的）原则。__________（理想的）计划应与你生活__________（一致），一切以__________（适度）为原则。 Part 7 关联阅读 (Prior) to the rapid globalisation of food culture that we see today, what people ate was largely determined by geography and local climate. A traditional Chinese meal, for example, would (consist) of whatever grains, vegetables and meats were available in the region, shaped by centuries of agricultural wisdom, seasonal rhythms and cooking techniques passed down through generations. Today, however, people (consume) a far wider variety of foods than ever before, thanks to international trade and modern logistics. From the (elegant) dining rooms of Michelin-starred restaurants to the lively night markets of Southeast Asia, food has become a universal language that bridges cultures and brings people together. The (exceptional) diversity of world cuisines reflects thousands of years of human creativity, migration and cultural exchange. Nutrition experts recommend that everyone should eat a (minimum) of five servings of fruits and vegetables daily, yet surveys show that most people in modern societies fall short of this target. A (fundamental) shift in eating habits is needed — not a drastic, short-term diet, but rather an (ideal) eating pattern that is (consistent) with one's daily routine and cultural traditions. Most importantly, health professionals stress the value of (moderation): enjoying all types of food in reasonable amounts is more sustainable than following strict rules that are impossible to maintain. 1. What determined what people ate before the globalisation of food culture? A. What people consumed was mainly influenced by geography and the local climate of the region where they lived. B. Governments set strict rules about what types of food citizens were allowed to buy and eat. C. Large international food companies decided which products to sell in each country based on their market research. D. Religious leaders in each community chose the menu for every meal that families prepared at home. 2. What has made it possible for people today to enjoy a wider variety of foods? A. Governments have ordered all countries to share their traditional recipes on public websites. B. International trade and modern logistics have allowed food to travel across the world quickly. C. Every family now has a professional chef who can prepare dishes from different countries. D. Robots and artificial intelligence have completely replaced human farmers in most countries. 3. What do nutrition experts recommend regarding daily fruit and vegetable intake? A. People should avoid eating any fruits or vegetables that are not grown in their own country. B. Everyone is required to follow a strict vegetarian diet and completely stop eating any form of meat. C. A minimum of five servings should be consumed every day, according to health guidelines. D. Nutrition experts disagree on the amount and suggest that each person should decide for themselves. 4. What kind of approach to eating does the author support in the last paragraph? A. Drastically cutting out all carbohydrates and sugars to achieve the fastest possible weight loss. B. Following an eating pattern that is consistent with daily life while enjoying all food types in moderation. C. Eating only organic and locally grown food while completely avoiding anything that has been processed. D. Counting every single calorie consumed each day and strictly limiting food intake to below 1,200 calories. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：prior, consist, consume, elegant, exceptional, minimum, fundamental, ideal, consistent, moderation Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. prior — __________ 2. consist — __________ 3. consume — __________ 4. elegant — __________ 5. exceptional — __________ 6. minimum — __________ 7. fundamental — __________ 8. ideal — __________ 9. consistent — __________ 10. moderation — __________ 11. prior to — __________ 12. consist of — __________ 13. consumer — __________ 14. elegance — __________ 15. exception — __________ 16. at minimum — __________ 17. fundamentally — __________ 18. ideally — __________ 19. be consistent with — __________ 20. in moderation — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. Before the invention of the internet, people relied mainly on newspapers and television for daily news and information. → __________ to the invention of the internet, people relied mainly on newspapers and television for daily news and information. 2. A healthy and balanced diet should include a variety of different foods from all the major food groups every day. → A healthy and balanced diet should __________ of a variety of different foods from all the major food groups every day. 3. The average person in the city now spends a lot more money on food delivery services than just five years ago. → The average person in the city now __________ a lot more money on food delivery services than just five years ago. 4. The bride looked very beautiful and graceful in her traditional red Chinese wedding dress. → The bride looked very __________ in her traditional red Chinese wedding dress. 5. She showed truly amazing and remarkable talent for cooking from a very young age, impressing everyone around her. → She showed truly __________ talent for cooking from a very young age, impressing everyone around her. 6. You need to spend at least thirty minutes a day on physical exercise to stay healthy and fit. → You need to spend a __________ of thirty minutes a day on physical exercise to stay healthy and fit. 7. Learning to manage your personal finances is a very basic and essential life skill for young adults. → Learning to manage your personal finances is a __________ life skill for young adults. 8. For most students, the perfect study environment is a quiet library with good lighting and comfortable seating. → For most students, the __________ study environment is a quiet library with good lighting and comfortable seating. 9. Her efforts to improve her English have been steady and reliable throughout the entire school year. → Her efforts to improve her English have been __________ throughout the entire school year. 10. The doctor advised him to enjoy all kinds of food, but always in reasonable amounts and never to excess. → The doctor advised him to enjoy all kinds of food, but always in __________ and never to excess. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：prior → consist → consume → elegant → exceptional → minimum → fundamental → ideal → consistent → moderation 复述模板（填空）： 唐代__________（之前），中国烹饪__________（由…组成）简单食物。贸易扩展后，人们__________（消费）食物方式彻底改变。 __________（优雅的）宴席与街头摊位并存。中国菜__________（由…组成）多道共享菜，厨师__________（非凡的）技艺平衡五味。 每天至少__________（最少的）五份蔬果是__________（基本的）原则。__________（理想的）计划应__________（一致）于生活，以__________（适度）为原则。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ $