Unit 2 课时2 Section A 2a-2e（知识清单）英语新教材人教版七年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 2 "We're Family!" Section A (2a-2e)的核心内容。从必背词汇（如bat, ping-pong bat, spend等）及词族搭配入手，逐步过渡到spend用法、everyday vs every day等语法考点，再到对话关键信息提取和家庭成员描述拓展表达，构建从基础到应用的学习支架。 知识链路按词汇基础、语法辨析、对话理解到拓展表达的逻辑展开，每个考点配挖空练习、即学即练（分基础与提高）及记忆口诀。通过对比表格（如spend/pay/cost/take）和易错总结，培养语言能力（词汇语法应用）和思维品质（辨析推断），助力学生高效掌握知识并灵活运用。

Unit 2 We're Family! Section A (2a-2e) 核心知识梳理（背诵版） 一、必背词汇 【词汇表】 1. 球棒；球拍（名词）：bat 2. 乒乓球拍（名词）：ping-pong bat 3. 打乒乓球（短语）：play ping-pong 4. 在一起；共同（副词）：together 5. 每天（副词短语）：every day 6. 每天的；日常的（形容词）：everyday 7. 钓竿（名词）：fishing rod 8. 花（时间、钱等）（动词）：spend 9. 大量；许多（短语）：a lot of / lots of 10. 非常；确实；真正地（副词）：really 11. 成员；会员（名词）：member 12. 活动（名词）：activity 13. 国际象棋（名词）：chess 14. 中国象棋（名词）：Chinese chess 15. 小提琴（名词）：violin 16. 笑；笑声（动词/名词）：laugh 17. 不同的（形容词）：different 18. 玩得高兴（短语）：have fun 【词汇详解】 ■ spend 词族及搭配 spend（v.）花（时间、钱等）— 过去式：spent spender（n.）花钱者 spending（n.）开销；支出 常见搭配：spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事 spend time on sth. 花时间在某事上 spend money on sth. 花钱买某物 spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光 ■ a lot of / lots of / a lot 词族 a lot of / lots of 大量；许多 — 修饰可数和不可数名词 a lot of time 大量时间 lots of books 许多书 a lot 非常；大量 — 副词短语，单独使用 Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。 I like it a lot. 我非常喜欢它。 ■ really 词族 really（adv.）非常；确实；真正地 real（adj.）真实的；真的 reality（n.）现实 really 修饰动词：I really like it. 我真的很喜欢它。 really 修饰形容词：She's really beautiful. 她真的很漂亮。 ■ together 相关搭配 together（adv.）在一起；共同 play together 一起玩 work together 一起工作 get together 聚会 live together 住在一起 例句：We play ping-pong together every week. 我们每周一起打乒乓球。 ■ activity 词族 activity（n.）活动 — 复数：activities active（adj.）活跃的 actively（adv.）积极地 例句：What activities does your family do? 你的家庭做什么活动？ ■ different / difference 词族 different（adj.）不同的 difference（n.）不同；差异 differently（adv.）不同地 be different from 与……不同 My sister is very different. 我妹妹很不一样。 ■ funny / fun / laugh 词族 funny（adj.）好笑的；奇怪的 fun（n./adj.）乐趣；有趣的 funnier（比较级）funniest（最高级） laugh（v./n.）笑；笑声 make sb. laugh 让某人笑 have a good laugh 大笑一场 例句：He's really funny, and he often makes us laugh. 他真的很有趣，经常逗我们笑。 二、必会考点 考点一：Teng Fei 家对话理解 — 关键信息提取 1. 对话背景：Peter 来 Teng Fei 家做客，Teng Fei 向 Peter 介绍家人的物品和爱好。 2. 对话关键信息提取（重点！） Family member Thing Activity Teng Fei ping-pong bat play ping-pong Grandpa ping-pong bat (the black one) play ping-pong / loves sport Father fishing rods spend a lot of time fishing Mother piano play it really well 3. 对话中的关键句型： ① Whose are they? 它们是谁的？（询问物品所属） ② Well, this is my ping-pong bat, and the black one is my grandpa's. 嗯，这是我的乒乓球拍，黑色的是我爷爷的。 ③ Do you often play ping-pong together? 你们经常一起打乒乓球吗？ ④ Yes, we play every week. 是的，我们每周都打。 ⑤ My grandpa loves sport. 我爷爷热爱运动。 ⑥ He spends a lot of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 ⑦ She can play it really well! 她弹得非常好！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) The black ping-pong bat is ______. A. Teng Fei's B. grandpa's C. father's D. mother's ② (基础) Who loves sport very much? ______ A. Teng Fei B. Teng Fei's mother C. Teng Fei's grandpa D. Peter ③ (提高) Teng Fei's father spends a lot of time ______.（钓鱼） 【答案】① B ② C ③ fishing 【解析】① 对话中 the black one is my grandpa's，黑色乒乓球拍是爷爷的。② My grandpa loves sport，爷爷热爱运动。③ He spends a lot of time fishing。 考点二：spend 的用法（三大句型 + 辨析） 1. spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事 He spends a lot of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 I spend two hours reading every day. 我每天花两小时阅读。 She spends her weekend shopping. 她花周末购物。 注意：doing 前的 in 可以省略，但动词必须用 -ing 形式！ 2. spend + 时间/钱 + on sth. 花时间/钱在某事上 He spends a lot of time on fishing. 他花很多时间在钓鱼上。 I spend 50 yuan on this book. 我花50元买这本书。 She spends much money on clothes. 她花很多钱买衣服。 3. spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光 I like to spend time with my family. 我喜欢和家人共度时光。 We spent the afternoon with our grandparents. 我们和祖父母一起度过了下午。 4. spend / pay / cost / take 辨析（重要！） 动词 主语 搭配 例句 含义 spend 人 spend...doing/on I spend 2 hours reading. 某人花时间/钱做某事 pay 人 pay for I paid 50 yuan for the book. 某人付钱买某物 cost 物 cost sb. + 钱 The book costs 50 yuan. 某物花费某人多少钱 take it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do It takes me 2 hours to read. 做某事花费某人多长时间 【记忆口诀】 spend花时间doing，spend花时间on加名； 主语是人莫忘记，搭配介词要看清 ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) He spends a lot of time ______ (fish) every weekend. ② (基础) She spends two hours ______ her homework (in/on). ③ (提高) I ______ 50 yuan on this book. (spend/pay/cost/take) 【答案】① fishing ② on ③ spend 【解析】① spend time doing sth.，用 doing 形式。② spend time on sth. 在某事上花时间。③ 主语是人（I），用 spend。 考点三：everyday vs every day（详细对比 + 易混辨析） 1. every day 每天（副词短语） 用法：放在句首或句末，作时间状语，修饰整个句子 We play ping-pong every day. 我们每天打乒乓球。 Every day I read English for 30 minutes. 我每天读30分钟英语。 2. everyday 每天的；日常的（形容词） 用法：放在名词前面，修饰名词，作定语 everyday English 日常英语 everyday activities 日常活动 everyday life 日常生活 everyday clothes 日常服装 3. 对比表： 项目 every day everyday 词性 副词短语 形容词 写法 分开写 合写 位置 句首或句末 名词前面 功能 作时间状语 作定语修饰名词 例句 I study every day. I study everyday English. 含义 每天（表示频率） 每天的；日常的（表示性质） 4. 类似的分写/合写对比： 合写（形容词） 分写（副词短语） everyday 日常的 every day 每天 sometime 某个时候 some time 一段时间 sometimes 有时 some times 几次 【记忆口诀】 every day分写是副词，放在句末表「每天」； everyday合写是形容词，放在名词前面修饰它！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) We play ping-pong ______. A. everyday B. every day ② (基础) I use ______ English.（日常的英语） A. everyday B. every day ③ (提高) We have fun together every ____________. (every week / everyday) 【答案】① B ② A ③ every week 【解析】① 放在句末表「每天」，用 every day（分开写）。② 修饰名词 English 用 everyday（合写）。③ every week 和 every day 用法类似，作副词短语分开写。 考点四：a lot of / lots of / a lot 的用法 1. a lot of / lots of 大量；许多（修饰名词） ① 修饰可数名词复数：a lot of books 许多书 lots of students 许多学生 ② 修饰不可数名词：a lot of time 大量时间 lots of water 许多水 ③ a lot of 和 lots of 可以互换，意思相同 ④ 注意：a lot of / lots of 通常用于肯定句；否定句和疑问句中常用 many / much 2. a lot 非常；大量（副词短语，单独使用） ① 表示「非常」，修饰动词：Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。 I like it a lot. 我非常喜欢它。 ② 表示「大量」，相当于一个名词：He knows a lot about history. 他对历史了解很多。 ③ a lot 后面不能直接跟名词！a lot of 才能跟名词 短语 词性 后接名词 例句 a lot of 形容词短语 可数/不可数名词 a lot of time / books lots of 形容词短语 可数/不可数名词 lots of time / books a lot 副词短语 不接名词 Thanks a lot. / I like it a lot. 【记忆口诀】 a lot of加名词，可数不可数都行； lots of和它一样，两者互换没问题； a lot单独用不接名，修饰动词表程度！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) He spends ______ time fishing. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots D. many of ② (基础) Thanks ______ for your help! A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. much of ③ (提高) a lot of 可以修饰可数名词和______ (可数/不可数) 名词。 【答案】① B ② A ③ 不可数 【解析】① time 是名词，需要 a lot of 修饰。② a lot 单独使用表「非常」。③ a lot of 可修饰可数和不可数名词。 考点五：play + 球类 vs play + 乐器 用法对比 1. play + 球类运动（不加 the） play ping-pong 打乒乓球 play basketball 打篮球 play football 踢足球 play tennis 打网球 play volleyball 打排球 play baseball 打棒球 注意：球类名词前不加冠词 the！ 2. play + 乐器（加 the） play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 play the erhu 拉二胡 play the drums 敲鼓 注意：乐器名词前必须加冠词 the！ 【记忆口诀】 球类运动不加the，play ping-pong和basketball； 乐器前面要加the，play the piano和violin； 球类乐器分得清，the加不加要看准！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) I often play ______ ping-pong with my friends. (the / 不填) ② (基础) She can play ______ piano very well. (the / 不填) ③ (提高) He likes to play ______ guitar but not play ______football. (填the或不填) 【答案】① 不填 ② the ③ the; 不填 【解析】① ping-pong 是球类，不加 the。② piano 是乐器，要加 the。③ guitar 是乐器加 the，football 是球类不加 the。 考点六：love sport / like doing 爱好表达 1. 表达爱好的常用句型： ① like + doing sth. 喜欢做某事 She really likes chess. 她真的很喜欢国际象棋。 ② love + doing sth. / love + n. 热爱做某事/热爱某事 He loves sport. 他热爱运动。 ③ enjoy + doing sth. 享受做某事 She enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读。 2. love / like / enjoy 辨析： 动词 程度 搭配 例句 like 喜欢（一般） like doing / like to do I like playing tennis. love 热爱（强烈） love doing / love to do / love + n. He loves sport. enjoy 享受（愉快） enjoy doing She enjoys reading. 3. 课本中的爱好表达： My grandpa loves sport. 我爷爷热爱运动。 He spends a lot of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 She can play it really well! 她弹得非常好！ She really likes chess. 她真的很喜欢国际象棋。 【记忆口诀】 like喜欢love热爱，enjoy享受程度排； 三个动词接doing，第三人称加s/es来改变！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) My grandpa ______ sport. A. like B. loves C. enjoy D. playing ② (基础) She really ______ chess. A. like B. love C. likes D. enjoys ③ (提高) He ______ playing tennis. (like ) 【答案】① B ② C ③ likes 【解析】① grandpa 是第三人称单数，love 变 loves。② she 是第三人称单数，like 变 likes。③ he 是第三人称单数，like 变 likes。 ★ 2e 扩展：描述家庭成员外貌/性格的拓展表达 1. 常用问答句型（2e对话）： 问句 答句 Whose ping-pong bat is this? It's my uncle's. What does your mum like? She likes reading books. Does your dad play any sport? Yes, he does. He plays basketball. What does your family do together? We often watch movies together. 2. 描述家庭成员外貌/性格的拓展表达： 描述类别 常用表达 外貌 — 男性 He's handsome. / He's tall and strong. / He has short hair. 外貌 — 女性 She's beautiful. / She's slim. / She has long hair. 性格 — 积极 He's funny. / She's kind. / He's clever. / She's outgoing. 性格 — 文静 He's quiet. / She's shy. / He's a bit serious. 爱好 — 运动 He likes playing basketball. / She loves swimming. 爱好 — 文艺 He plays the guitar well. / She likes painting. 日常活动 They spend time together every weekend. / We watch movies together. 3. 描述范例： This is my father. He's handsome and funny. He likes playing football. He often plays football with me on weekends. This is my mother. She's beautiful and kind. She likes reading books. She reads me a story every night. This is my sister. She's clever and quiet. She really likes Chinese chess. She plays it very well. These are my grandparents. They're very kind. They love gardening. They spend a lot of time in the garden. 4. 2e 拓展问答练习： 问题 参考回答 What does your father/mother look like? He's/She's tall and handsome/beautiful. What's your brother/sister like? He's/She's funny and outgoing. What does your family do on weekends? We often watch movies together. Does anyone in your family play a musical instrument? Yes, my sister plays the piano. Who is the funniest person in your family? My cousin is the funniest. He always makes us laugh. What activities do you enjoy doing together? We like playing ping-pong together. 三、必背句型总结 English英文 Chinese中文 The black one is my grandpa's. 那个黑色的是我爷爷的。 Do you often play ping-pong together? 你们经常一起打乒乓球吗？ Yes, we play every week. 是的，我们每周都打。 My grandpa loves sport. 我爷爷热爱运动。 Whose fishing rods are those? 那些是谁的钓鱼竿？ They're my father's. 它们是我爸爸的。 He spends a lot of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 Do you play the piano? —No, I don't. 你弹钢琴吗？——不，我不弹。 It's my mother's piano. She can play it really well! 这是我妈妈的钢琴。她弹得非常好！ Whose erhu is this? —It's Li Xin's erhu. 这是谁的二胡？——是李欣的二胡。 Does she play the erhu well? —Yes, she does. 她二胡拉得好吗？——是的，她拉得很好。 四、易错必背 错误表达 正确表达 原因分析 ✘ He spend a lot of time fishing. ✔ He spends a lot of time fishing. he 是第三人称单数，spend 变 spends ✘ We play ping-pong everyday. ✔ We play ping-pong every day. 放在句末表「每天」用 every day（分开写） ✘ Whose fishing rod are those? ✔ Whose fishing rods are those? 复数名词 rods 与 are 搭配 ✘ He spends a lot time fishing. ✔ He spends a lot of time fishing. a lot 后接名词需加 of ✘ Does she plays the erhu well? ✔ Does she play the erhu well? Does 后动词用原形，不加 s ✘ It's Li Xin erhu. ✔ It's Li Xin's erhu. 表示「李欣的二胡」需用所有格's ✘ He can play piano well. ✔ He can play the piano well. 乐器前必须加 the ✘ I real like this book. ✔ I really like this book. 修饰动词需用副词 really，不是形容词 real ✘ He spends 2 hours to fish. ✔ He spends 2 hours fishing. spend time doing sth. 用 -ing 形式，不用 to do ✘ I spend 50 yuan for the book. ✔ I spend 50 yuan on the book. spend money on sth. 用 on 不是 for 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 We're Family! Section A (2a-2e) 核心知识梳理（挖空版） 一、必背词汇 【词汇表】 1. 球棒；球拍（名词）：______ 2. 乒乓球拍（名词）：____________ 3. 打乒乓球（短语）：____________ 4. 在一起；共同（副词）：____________ 5. 每天（副词短语）：____________ 6. 每天的；日常的（形容词）：____________ 7. 钓竿（名词）：____________ 8. 花（时间、钱等）（动词）：____________ 9. 大量；许多（短语）：____________ 10. 非常；确实；真正地（副词）：______ 11. 成员；会员（名词）：____________ 12. 活动（名词）：____________ 13. 国际象棋（名词）：____________ 14. 中国象棋（名词）：____________ 15. 小提琴（名词）：____________ 16. 笑；笑声（动词/名词）：____________ 17. 不同的（形容词）：____________ 18. 玩得高兴（短语）：____________ 【词汇详解】 ■ spend 词族及搭配 spend（v.）花（时间、钱等）— 过去式：______ ____________（n.）花钱者 ____________（n.）开销；支出 常见搭配：spend time ______ sth. 花时间做某事 spend time ______ sth. 花时间在某事上 spend money ______ sth. 花钱买某物 spend time ______ sb. 和某人共度时光 ■ a lot of / lots of / a lot 词族 a lot of / lots of 大量；许多 — 修饰__________________ a lot of ______ 大量时间 lots of ___________ 许多书 a lot 非常；大量 — 副词短语，单独使用 Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。 I like it a lot. 我非常喜欢它。 ■ really 词族 really（adv.）非常；确实；真正地 ____________（adj.）真实的；真的 ____________（n.）现实 really 修饰动词：I really like it. 我真的很喜欢它。 really 修饰形容词：She's really beautiful. 她真的很漂亮。 ■ together 相关搭配 together（adv.）在一起；共同 play together 一起玩 work together 一起工作 get together 聚会 live together 住在一起 例句：We play ping-pong ____________every week. 我们每周一起打乒乓球。 ■ activity 词族 activity（n.）活动 — 复数：____________ ______（adj.）活跃的 ____________（adv.）积极地 例句：What ____________ does your family do? 你的家庭做什么活动？ ■ different / difference 词族 different（adj.）不同的 difference（n.）不同；差异 ___________（adv.）不同地 be different ______ 与……不同 My sister is very different. 我妹妹很不一样。 ■ funny / fun / laugh 词族 funny（adj.）好笑的；奇怪的 fun（n./adj.）乐趣；有趣的 funnier（比较级）funniest（最高级） laugh（v./n.）笑；笑声 make sb. ______让某人笑 have a good laugh 大笑一场 例句：He's really ______, and he often makes us ______. 他真的很有趣，经常逗我们笑。 二、必会考点 考点一：Teng Fei 家对话理解 — 关键信息提取 1. 对话背景：Peter 来 Teng Fei 家做客，Teng Fei 向 Peter 介绍家人的物品和爱好。 2. 对话关键信息提取（重点！） Family member Thing Activity Teng Fei ping-pong bat play ping-pong Grandpa ping-pong bat (the black one) play ping-pong / loves sport Father fishing rods spend a lot of time fishing Mother piano play it really well 3. 对话中的关键句型： ① ______ are they? 它们是谁的？（询问物品所属） ② Well, this is my ping-pong bat, and the black one is my ____________. 嗯，这是我的乒乓球拍，黑色的是我爷爷的。 ③ Do you often ______ ping-pong together? 你们经常一起打乒乓球吗？ ④ Yes, we play every week. 是的，我们每周都打。 ⑤ My grandpa ______sport. 我爷爷热爱运动。 ⑥ He ______ a lot of time ______. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 ⑦ She can play it ______ ______! 她弹得非常好！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) The black ping-pong bat is ______. A. Teng Fei's B. grandpa's C. father's D. mother's ② (基础) Who loves sport very much? ______ A. Teng Fei B. Teng Fei's mother C. Teng Fei's grandpa D. Peter ③ (提高) Teng Fei's father spends a lot of time ______.（钓鱼） 考点二：spend 的用法（三大句型 + 辨析） 1. spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事 He spends a lot of time ______. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 I spend two hours ______ every day. 我每天花两小时阅读。 She spends her weekend ______. 她花周末购物。 注意：doing 前的 in 可以省略，但动词必须用 -ing 形式！ 2. spend + 时间/钱 + on sth. 花时间/钱在某事上 He spends a lot of time ______ ______. 他花很多时间在钓鱼上。 I spend 50 yuan ______ this book. 我花50元买这本书。 She spends much money ______ ______. 她花很多钱买衣服。 3. spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光 I like to spend time ______ my family. 我喜欢和家人共度时光。 We spent the afternoon ______ our grandparents. 我们和祖父母一起度过了下午。 4. spend / pay / cost / take 辨析（重要！） 动词 主语 搭配 例句 含义 spend 人 spend...doing/on I spend 2 hours reading. 某人花时间/钱做某事 pay 人 pay for I paid 50 yuan for the book. 某人付钱买某物 cost 物 cost sb. + 钱 The book costs 50 yuan. 某物花费某人多少钱 take it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do It takes me 2 hours to read. 做某事花费某人多长时间 【记忆口诀】 spend花时间doing，spend花时间on加名； 主语是人莫忘记，搭配介词要看清 ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) He spends a lot of time ______ (fish) every weekend. ② (基础) She spends two hours ______ her homework (in/on). ③ (提高) I ______ 50 yuan on this book. (spend/pay/cost/take) 考点三：everyday vs every day（详细对比 + 易混辨析） 1. every day 每天（副词短语） 用法：放在句首或句末，作时间状语，修饰整个句子 We play ping-pong every day. 我们每天打乒乓球。 Every day I read English for 30 minutes. 我每天读30分钟英语。 2. everyday 每天的；日常的（形容词） 用法：放在______前面，修饰名词，作定语 everyday English 日常英语 everyday activities 日常活动 everyday life 日常生活 everyday clothes 日常服装 3. 对比表： 项目 every day everyday 词性 副词短语 形容词 写法 分开写 合写 位置 句首或句末 名词前面 功能 作时间状语 作定语修饰名词 例句 I study every day. I study everyday English. 含义 每天（表示频率） 每天的；日常的（表示性质） 4. 类似的分写/合写对比： 合写（形容词） 分写（副词短语） everyday 日常的 every day 每天 sometime 某个时候 some time 一段时间 sometimes 有时 some times 几次 【记忆口诀】 every day分写是副词，放在句末表「每天」； everyday合写是形容词，放在名词前面修饰它！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) We play ping-pong ______. A. everyday B. every day ② (基础) I use ______ English.（日常的英语） A. everyday B. every day ③ (提高) We have fun together every ____________. (every week / everyday) 考点四：a lot of / lots of / a lot 的用法 1. a lot of / lots of 大量；许多（修饰______） ① 修饰____________：a lot of books 许多书 lots of students 许多学生 ② 修饰____________：a lot of time 大量时间 lots of water 许多水 ③ a lot of 和 lots of 可以互换，意思相同 ④ 注意：a lot of / lots of 通常用于______；否定句和疑问句中常用 ______ 2. a lot 非常；大量（______短语，单独使用） ① 表示「非常」，修饰______：Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。 I like it a lot. 我非常喜欢它。 ② 表示「大量」，相当于一个______：He knows a lot about history. 他对历史了解很多。 ③ a lot 后面不能直接跟名词！a lot of 才能跟名词 短语 词性 后接名词 例句 a lot of 形容词短语 可数/不可数名词 a lot of time / books lots of 形容词短语 可数/不可数名词 lots of time / books a lot 副词短语 不接名词 Thanks a lot. / I like it a lot. 【记忆口诀】 a lot of加名词，可数不可数都行； lots of和它一样，两者互换没问题； a lot单独用不接名，修饰动词表程度！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) He spends ______ time fishing. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots D. many of ② (基础) Thanks ______ for your help! A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. much of ③ (提高) a lot of 可以修饰可数名词和______ (可数/不可数) 名词。 考点五：play + 球类 vs play + 乐器 用法对比 1. play + 球类运动（不加 the） play ping-pong 打乒乓球 play basketball 打篮球 play football 踢足球 play tennis 打网球 play volleyball 打排球 play baseball 打棒球 注意：球类名词前不加冠词 the！ 2. play + 乐器（加 the） play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 play the erhu 拉二胡 play the drums 敲鼓 注意：乐器名词前必须加冠词 the！ 【记忆口诀】 球类运动不加the，play ping-pong和basketball； 乐器前面要加the，play the piano和violin； 球类乐器分得清，the加不加要看准！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) I often play ______ ping-pong with my friends. (the / 不填) ② (基础) She can play ______ piano very well. (the / 不填) ③ (提高) He likes to play ______ guitar but not play ______football. (填the或不填) 考点六：love sport / like doing 爱好表达 1. 表达爱好的常用句型： ① like + doing sth. 喜欢做某事 She really likes chess. 她真的很喜欢国际象棋。 ② love + ______ sth. / love + n. 热爱做某事/热爱某事 He loves sport. 他热爱运动。 ③ enjoy + ______ sth. 享受做某事 She enjoys ______. 她喜欢阅读。 2. love / like / enjoy 辨析： 动词 程度 搭配 例句 like 喜欢（一般） like doing / like to do I like playing tennis. love 热爱（强烈） love doing / love to do / love + n. He loves sport. enjoy 享受（愉快） enjoy doing She enjoys reading. 3. 课本中的爱好表达： My grandpa loves sport. 我爷爷热爱运动。 He spends a lot of time fishing. 他花很多时间钓鱼。 She can play it really well! 她弹得非常好！ She really likes chess. 她真的很喜欢国际象棋。 【记忆口诀】 like喜欢love热爱，enjoy享受程度排； 三个动词接doing，第三人称加s/es来改变！ ✏️【即学即练】 ① (基础) My grandpa loves sport. A. like B. loves C. enjoy D. playing ② (基础) She really likes chess. A. like B. love C. likes D. enjoys ③ (提高) He ______ playing tennis. (like ) ★ 2e 扩展：描述家庭成员外貌/性格的拓展表达 1. 常用问答句型（2e对话）： 问句 答句 Whose ping-pong bat is this? It's my uncle's. What does your mum like? She likes reading books. Does your dad play any sport? Yes, he does. He plays basketball. What does your family do together? We often watch movies together. 2. 描述家庭成员外貌/性格的拓展表达： 描述类别 常用表达 外貌 — 男性 He's handsome. / He's tall and strong. / He has short hair. 外貌 — 女性 She's beautiful. / She's slim. / She has long hair. 性格 — 积极 He's funny. / She's kind. / He's clever. / She's outgoing. 性格 — 文静 He's quiet. / She's shy. / He's a bit serious. 爱好 — 运动 He likes playing basketball. / She loves swimming. 爱好 — 文艺 He plays the guitar well. / She likes painting. 日常活动 They spend time together every weekend. / We watch movies together. 3. 描述范例： This is my father. He's handsome and funny. He likes playing football. He often plays football with me on weekends. This is my mother. She's beautiful and kind. She likes reading books. She reads me a story every night. This is my sister. She's clever and quiet. She really likes Chinese chess. She plays it very well. These are my grandparents. They're very kind. They love gardening. They spend a lot of time in the garden. 4. 2e 拓展问答练习： 问题 参考回答 What does your father/mother look like? He's/She's tall and handsome/beautiful. What's your brother/sister like? He's/She's funny and outgoing. What does your family do on weekends? We often watch movies together. Does anyone in your family play a musical instrument? Yes, my sister plays the piano. Who is the funniest person in your family? My cousin is the funniest. He always makes us laugh. What activities do you enjoy doing together? We like playing ping-pong together. 三、必背句型总结 English英文 Chinese中文 那个黑色的是我爷爷的。 你们经常一起打乒乓球吗？ 是的，我们每周都打。 我爷爷热爱运动。 那些是谁的钓鱼竿？ 它们是我爸爸的。 他花很多时间钓鱼。 你弹钢琴吗？——不，我不弹。 这是我妈妈的钢琴。她弹得非常好！ 这是谁的二胡？——是李欣的二胡。 她二胡拉得好吗？——是的，她拉得很好。 四、易错必背 错误表达 正确表达 ✘ He spend a lot of time fishing. ✔ He ______ a lot of time fishing. ✘ We play ping-pong everyday. ✔ We play ping-pong ____________. ✘ Whose fishing rod are those? ✔ Whose fishing ______are those? ✘ He spends a lot time fishing. ✔ He spends ______ time fishing. ✘ Does she plays the erhu well? ✔ Does she ______ the erhu well? ✘ It's Li Xin erhu. ✔ It's ______ erhu. ✘ He can play piano well. ✔ He can play ______ piano well. ✘ I real like this book. ✔ I ______ like this book. ✘ He spends 2 hours to fish. ✔ He spends 2 hours ______. ✘ I spend 50 yuan for the book. ✔ I spend 50 yuan ______ the book. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $