Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修二（人教版）

Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：主语从句 ☆同步语法二：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 语法精讲精练 (一）基本定义 主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语的从句，其作用相当于一个名词或名词短语。主语从句通常 放在句首，也可用t作形式主语放在句首，而将真正的主语从句后置，以避免头重脚轻。主语 从句是高考语法填空、短文改错、阅读理解及写作中的高频考点，尤其侧重连接词的选择与语 序。 (二)核心用法与连接词 主语从句的引导词分为三类：从属连词(that,whether)、连接代词(who,what,which, whoever,whatever等)、连接副词(when,where,how,why等)。具体用法如下表： 引导词类别 常见词 功能说明 例句 只起连接作用，无词 义，不充当成分，不可 That he passed the 从属连词 that 省略（主语从句中引导 exam surprised us all. 词不可省) 表示“是否”，不可用f Whether we will go 从属连词 whether 替换（主语从句位于句 camping depends on 首时只能用whether) the weather. 连接代词 who,what, 在从句中充当主语、宾 What we need is more which,whoever, 语、表语或定语，有词 time.Who will be the whatever, winner remains whichever unknown. How he solved the when,where, 在从句中充当状语，有 problem impressed the 连接副词 how,why 词义 teacher.Why she left is still a mystery. 考点提示： ①that引导的主语从句：that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，但不可省略（与宾语从句 不同)。 ②whether与if：主语从句位于句首时，只能用whether;若用it作形式主语，有时可用 if,但高考常考whether。. ③what与that的区别：what在从句中充当成分（主语/宾语/表语），相当于"the thing that”;that不作成分。 (三)形式主语t结构 为避免主语从句过长导致头重脚轻，常用t作形式主语，将真正的主语从句后置。常见句型： It+be+形容词+that从句 常用形容词：clear,obvious,necessary,important,.likely,possible等 ②例句：It is necessary that we should study hard. It+be+名词短语+that从句 常用名词：a pity,a fact,a surprise,no wonder等 ②例句：It is a pity that you missed the concert. lt+be+过去分词+that从句 常用过去分词：said,reported,believed,known,suggested等 O例句：It is reported that the president will visit our city. It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,occur)+that从句 ⑧例句：It seems that he has known the truth 考点提示： ①形式主语it结构中的that不可省略（除少数口语外）。 ②当主句谓语动词为suggest,recommend,order等表示建议、命命的词时，that从句常 用虚拟语气(should+动词原形，should可省)。例：It is suggested that every student (should)take part in the activity. (四)主语从句的语序与时态呼应 1.语序 主语从句必须使用陈述语序，即主语在前、谓语在后，不可用疑问语序。 错误：When will the meeting begin is unknown. 正确：When the meeting will begin is unknown. 2.时态呼应 主语从句的时态根据实际意义决定，不受主句时态影响（与宾语从句不同）。 Q例句：What he said was true.(主句过去时，从句也过去时，表示当时所说) O例句：What he will say is unknown, (从句来时，主句现在时) (五)主语从句Vs其他从句的区分（高考易混点） 类型 引导词 句法功能 例句对比 that,whether,what, 整个从句作 What he did made us 主语从句 who... 主语 angry. that,whether,what, The problem is what we 表语从句 从句作表语 who.… should do. 从句解释名 The news that he won is 同位语从句 that,whether(不可省) 词内容 true 从句修饰名 The news that was spread 定语从句 that,which,who... 词 is false. 易错点： ①that引导主语从句与同位语从句的区别：主语从句中that不充当成分，同位语从句中that 不充当成分但前有抽象名词（如news,fact,idea)。 ②what引导主语从句时含义为"..的东西/事情”，不同于which(哪一个)或who(谁)。 (六)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.that从句作主语，形式主语t结构高频 O例句：It is known to all that the earth moves around the sun. 2.whether与if的选择（主语从句句首只用whether) O例句：Whether we can finish the task on time matters a lot. 3.what引导主语从句，相当于“the thing that'” ②例句：What we need badly is good education. 4.连接副词when/where/how/why引导主语从句 O例句：Where the meeting will be held hasn't been decided. 5.主语从句中虚拟语气（主句含suggestion,order,necessary等） It is essential that every student master(should master)a foreign language 6.主语从句的陈述语序 例句：When the project will start is still under discussion.(不可用when will the project start) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. we will have a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather. A.That B.Whether C.If D.What 2 he said at the meeting surprised everyone present. A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether 3.It is commonly believed the earth is round. A.what B.that C.which D.whether 4. will be sent to work abroad hasn't been decided yet. A.Who B.Whom C.That D.Whose 5. he broke the window is still unknown. A.If B.Whether C.That D.What 6.It is a pity you didn't attend the lecture. A.what B.that C.if D.whether 7. she is getting on well with her studies is a relief to her parents. A.What B.That C.Whether D.How 8 we can afford the trip depends on our savings. A.If B.Whether C.That D.What 9.It is suggested that the meeting put off until next week. A.be B.is C.was D.has been 10. is known to all is that the moon moves around the earth. A.It B.What C.That D.As (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(10小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内所给连接词的正确形式填空（每空一词，注意大小写）。 1. That What )he failed again made his parents very disappointed 2.It is still uncertain whether if the experiment will succeed. 3.(Who /Whoever )breaks the law will be punished. 4.When/Where )the accident happened remains unknown 5.It is necessary_ that what we should take action immediately. 6. What/That she needs most is a good rest. 7. How/Why he managed to escape from the fire is a mystery. 8.It is reported that/what a new bridge will be built here. 9. Whether If we go or stay doesn't matter. 10. Which/What team will win the game is unpredictable. (三)篇章语法填空（10小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的连接词或t,使短文意思完整。 It is generally believed 1. students should learn to think independently. However,2. we can achieve this goal remains a challenge for educators. 心 is obvious that memorizing facts alone is not enough.4. matters most is the ability to analyze and solve problems. many students lack critical thinking skills is a concern.6. we can improve the situation requires joint efforts from both teachers and parents.It is suggested 7.schools should provide more opportunities for discussion and debate 8 will become the next education reform pioneer is still unknown.But one thing is certain:9. we can adapt to the changing world depends on our willingness to learn.It is a fact 10. education is the key to a brighter future. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.A;5.B;6.B;7.B;8.B;9.A;10.B 选择 (二)用所 给词的适当 1.That 2.whether 3.Whoever 4.When 5.that 6.What 7.How 8.that 9.Whether;10.Which 形式填空 (三)篇章 1.that 2.how 3.It 4.What 5.That 6.Whether 7.that 8.Who 语法填空 9.whether 10.that 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者。一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态是 高考语法填空、短文改错、写作中的高频考点，重点考查be动词的时态变化与过去分词 的正确形式。 一般现在时被动语态：表示经常性或现阶段发生的被动动作。一般过去时被动语态：表示 过去某个时间发生的被动动作，或过去已完成的被动动作。 (二)核心结构与用法（表格） 时态 结构公式 例句 标志词/时间状语 一般现 am/is/are+过 在时被 English is spoken all always,usually,often,every 动 去分词 over the world. day,now,currently 一般过 was/were+过 去时被 The bridge was built yesterday,last week,in 去分词 in1920. 2000,ago,then 动 ★核心考点提示 1.be动词必须与主语的人称、数及时态保持一致。 一般现在时：主语第三人称单数用is,复数用are,第一人称单数()用amo 般过去时：主语单数用was,复数用were. 2.过去分词必须使用规则变化(-ed)或不规侧变化（如written,taken,built)。 (三)主动语态与被动语态的转换（高考必考） 转换步骤： 1.将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2.将主动句的谓语动词改为be+过去分词(be的时态与原主动句一致)。 3.原主动句的主语变为by+宾语（若不重要可省略）。 主动句 被动句 The students clean the classroom The classroom is cleaned by the every day. students every day. My father repaired the bike The bike was repaired by my father yesterday. yesterday. ★易错点 若原主动句主语为they,people,.someone等泛指人称，被动句中常省略by短 语。 主动：People speak English all over the world. 被动：English is spoken all over the world.(省略by people) (四)不同时态被动语态对比（表格） 时态 被动结构 例句 时间状语 The classroom is cleaned 一般现在时 am/is/are done every day every day. The classroom was cleaned 一般过去时 was/were+done yesterday yesterday. 现在进行时 am/is/are being The classroom is being now (拓展) done cleaned now. 现在完成时 have/has been The classroom has been (拓展) already done cleaned already. 注：本讲解聚焦一般现在时和一般过去时，但高考常将不同时态被动语态放在一起考查， 注意区分be动词的时态。 (五)被动语态的特殊用法与考点 1.情态动词的被动语态（高考常考)