Unit 1 Our world-2026-2027学年高中英语语法专项精讲精练必修一（沪教版）

Unit 1 Our world 语法专项精讲精练 语法概览 女同步语法一：现在进行时的被动语态 女同步语法二：be+形容词+介词的短语搭配 语法精讲精练 (一)基本定义 现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作，即主语是动作的承受者，且动作尚 未完成。它兼具“进行"和“被动“两层含义，是高考英语语法填空、短文改错及写作中的高频考 点。 (二)结构构成 成分 形式 示例 肯定句 主语+amis/are+being+过去分词 The bridge is being repaired. 否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+being+过 The car is not being 去分词 cleaned. Am/Ils/Are+主语+being+过去分 一般疑问句 词？ Is the report being written? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+am/is/are+主语+being+ Why are the trees being 过去分词？ cut down? 注意：be动词随主语人称和数变化；being不可省略，也不能替换为been。 (三)核心用法与语境 I.强调此时此刻正在进行的被动动作（常与now,at present,at the moment,right now连用) ⑧例句：The new software is being developed by a team of engineers at the moment. 含义：软件目前正在被开发，尚未完成。 2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此刻不一定正在进行（常与these days,this week,currently连用) O例句：More trees are being planted in the city this spring, 含义：这个春天城市里正在（被）种更多树，强调阶段性。 3.表示一种持续性的被动状态，带有“正在被处理”的含义 O例句：The patient is being treated in the ICU, 含义：病人正在接受治疗，状态继续。 4.与情态动词连用(must be being done,should be being done等) ②例句：The problem must be being solved right now,orwe'll miss the deadline 含义：问题此刻必须正在被解决（强调紧迫性）。 (四)易混时态区分（高考必考点） 时态类型 结构 核心含义 典型时间状语 现在进行时的被动 am/is/are being 动作正在被进行，尚未 now,at present, 语态 done 完成 currently 一般现在时的被动 经常性或习惯性的被动 always,every day, am/is/are done 语态 动作，或客观事实 generally 现在完成时的被动 have/has been 动作已完成，强调结果 语态 already,yet,recently done 或影响 过去进行时的被动 was/were being at that time,at 8 过去某时刻正在被进行 语态 done o'clock yesterday 对比例句： 例句：The bridge is repaired every year.(一般现在被动：每年被修) 例句：The bridge is being repaired now.(现在进行被动：此刻正在被修) 例句：The bridge has been repaired.(现在完成被动：已经被修好了) (五)高考高频考点总结（附例句） 1.主动语态与被动语态的选择：判断主语与动作的逻辑关系（主动被动），再结合时间状 语确定时态。 O例：The experiment (carry)out in the lab now.答案为is being carried(现在进行被动)。 2.being done不可遗漏being:若写成is done,则变为一般现在被动，与"正在进行" 矛盾。 ②例：Look!The house _(paint).→is being painted(不能填is painted)o 3.与there be句型结合：There is/are+名词+being done. There are many houses being built in the suburb. 4.with复合结构中的being done:with+宾语+being done(表正在进行的被动伴 随)。 With the problem being discussed,the meeting continued. 5.感官动词、使役动词的被动进行：如hear/see/notice+宾语+being done。 例：I heard the song being sung in the next room. (六)易错点警示 being done作主语或宾语：动词原形不能作主语，需用动名词形式，如Being punished is a terrible experience.(Being punished作主语) 注意动词词组中的介词不可省略：如look after→being looked after(不能漏掉 after). 不及物动词无被动语态：如happen,.appear,rise,belong to等无被动，不可用于 being done. 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The new airport at the moment,and it is expected to open next year. A.is built B.is building C.is being built D.has been built 2.Don't disturb me.I for an important phone call. A.am being expected B.am expecting C.expect D.have expected 3.-Why is the road closed? -Because a serious accident by the police right now. A.is investigated B.is being investigated C.has been investigated D.investigates 4.Look!The windows of the old house by some workers. A.are cleaned B.are being C.have cleaned D.clean cleaned 5.With the project the team has no time to rest. A.being carried out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 6.The students'homework at the moment,so please wait outside. A.is being graded B.is grading C.has been graded D.grades 7.Many rare species now to prevent them from extinction. A.are protected B.have been protected C.are being protected D.protect 8.The suspect by two detectives now for further questioning. A.is being questioned B.is questioning C.has questioned D.was questioned 9.-Can I use your car? -Sorry,it at the garage A.is being repaired B.is repaired C.has repaired D.repairs 10.The ancient temple at present and visitors are not allowed inside. A.is restored B.is restoring C.is being restored D.has been restored (二)用所给词的适当形式填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内动词的现在进行时的被动语态形式填空。 1.The problem (discuss)by the committee at the moment. 2.Listen!The national anthem (play)on the radio. 3.The children(take)good care of in the kindergarten now. 4.This year,more attention(pay)to environmental protection. 5.The bridge (repair)these days,so we have to take a detour. 6.The new policy (implement)gradually throughout the country. 7.-Where is your luggage? 一t (check)by the security staff right now. 8.A new subway line (build)in the city at present. (三)翻译与完成句子(5小题) 根据中文提示，用现在进行时的被动语态完成下列句子。 1.那座废弃的工厂目前正在被拆除。 The abandoned factory at present. 2.会议正在隔壁房间举行，请不要大声讲话。 The meeting next door.Please don't speak loudly. 3.这些机器正在被定期检查以确保安全。 These machines regularly to ensure safety. 4.那本书此刻正被翻译成多种语言。 The book into many languages at the moment. 5.全球气候模式正在被科学家们研究。 Global climate patterns by scientists. (四)篇章语法填空(10小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确时态和语态形式。 A new community library 1. (build)in our neighborhood these days.Many volunteers 2. (involve)in the project right now.The walls 3. (paint) by a group of art students at the moment.Meanwhile,books 4. (sort)and arranged on the shelves.A special reading area for children 5. (decorate) with colorful toys.The manager says that the library 6.(expect)to open next month.But some problems still 7.(solve)now,such as the lighting system.Experts 8. (ask)to give advice at present.Once the work 9. (complete),the library will become a popular place.Many residents 10. (look)forward to its opening.We believe it will be a wonderful addition to our community. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.C;2.A;3.B;4.B;5.A;6.A;7.C;8.A;9.A;10.C 选择 (二)用所 1.is being discussed 2.is being played 3.are being taken 4.is being 给词的适当 paid 5.is being repaired 6.is being implemented 7.is being 形式填空 checked 8.is being built (三)翻译 1.is being pulled down 2.is being held 3.are being inspected 4.is 与完成句子 being translated 5.are being studied (四)篇章 1.is being built 2.are being involved 3.are being painted 4.are 语法填空 being sorted 5.is being decorated 6.is expected 7.are being solved 8.are being asked 9.is completed 10.are looking 语法精讲精练二 (一)基本定义 “be+形容词+介词'"结构是英语中常见的固定搭配，由系动词e、形容词和特定介词 共同构成。该结构整体相当于一个及物动词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，表达主语 的性质、情感或状态与某一对象之间的关系。该结构在高考语法填空、完形填空、短文改 错及写作中频繁出现，是高中英语核心考点之一。 (二)核心用法与常见搭配表 形容 词类 常见搭配 介词 含义 例句 别 情感 be 态度 0 对..…感兴趣 He is interested in learning ancient interested 类 Chinese history. Parents are always worried about be worried about 担心… their children's safety. She is proud of her son's be proud 以.…为骄傲 achievement in the competition. 害怕… The little girl is afraid of staying be afraid alone at night. The boss was satisfied with the be satisfied with 对…满意 project proposal. 能力/ 擅长 be good at 擅长… Tom is good at solving complex 类 math problems. be bad 不擅长…。 I am bad at memorizing irregular at verb forms. 在.…方面熟 The surgeon is skilled in be skilled in/at 练 performing delicate operations. 特征/ 性质 The city is famous for its historic be famous for 因..…而著名 类 architecture. 作为..而闻 He is known as a pioneer in be known as 名 artificial intelligence. be known to 为.…所熟知 The writer is known to readers all over the world. be similar to 与.…相似 The design of this bridge is similar to that of the Golden Gate Bridge Her approach is completely be different from 与…不同 different from mine. 状态/ 覆盖 The mountain top is covered with be covered with 被.…覆盖 类 thick snow all year round. The room was filled with laughter be filled with 充满.… and joy. The subway train was crowded be crowded with 挤满 with commuters during rush hour. 责任/ 准备 be for 对.…负责 Who is responsible for organizing 类 responsible the school sports meeting? 为.…做好准 The team is well prepared for the be prepared for 备 upcoming final exam. be ready for 为.…准备好 Are you ready for the interview tomorrow? 其他 对..…熟悉 Students should be familiar with be familiar with 高频 (人作主语) these grammar rules. 为.…所熟悉 The tune is familiar to everyone in be familiar to (物作主语) this village. 以..为基础 The new theory is based on years be based on of experimental data. be The public are deeply concerned about 关心/担忧.… concerned about climate change (三)核心用法详解 1.介词不可随意替换：每个形容词后接的介词是固定的，需要逐一记忆。例如，be interested in不能说成be interested at;be satisfied with不能改为be satisfied of。 易错点：be famous for(因.出名)vs.be famous as(作为..出名)，前者 接原因，后者接身份。 2.介词后接宾语的形式： 接名词/代词：He is good at math. 接动名词(doing):She is afraid of making mistakes. 接what/wh-从句：I am interested in what he said. 接不定式（较少）：少数搭配如be ready to do但be ready for+n.:注意区 分。 3.被动结构与be+形容词+介词的区别： 被动：The door was closed by the wind.(被动，动作) 状态：The door is closed to the public.(形容词+介词，状态，意为“对..关 闭”） 4.高考常见转换∶ 形容词短语作定语：a book similar to mine(一本和我的相似的书) 定语从句：The person(who is)responsible for the accident should be punished. (四)高频考点总结（附例句） 1.固定介词搭配辨析（完形填空、语法填空常考） 例：Sichuan cuisine is famous its spicy flavor.for) 2.介词后动名词的运用（非谓语动词考点） He insisted on being involved in the project,for he was keen (participate)in it.on participating) 3.形容词短语作后置定语（写作、阅读中理解） 例：The candidates qualified the job will be interviewed next week.(填for) 4.与被动语态的混淆 例：The glass is broken.(状态：a碎了)vs.The glass was broken by the cat. (动作：被打碎)注意be broken是过去分词作表语，但此处是形容词短语？实际 上broken可视为形容词，但通常不接介词。重点区分：be+形容词+介词vs.be +过去分词+by。 (五)常见易错搭配速记表 错误搭配 正确搭配 例句 be afraid with be afraid of I am afraid of heights be interested be interested for She is interested in photography. in be proud for be proud of They are proud of their heritage. be satisfied The teacher was satisfied with the be satisfied to(接名词) with test results be different to(英式有时可， be different This method is different from 但高考标准) from traditional ones. be familiar I am familiar with this software. be familiar to(人作主语) with (人熟悉物) be familiar with(物作主语) be familiar to The song is familiar to young people.(物被熟悉) 二、专项练习 (一)单项选择(10小题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.The scientist is well known his contribution to the field of genetics. A.as B.for C.to D.with 2.Many students are not accustomed the strict rules of the boarding school. A.with B.to C.for D.in 3.The manager was very satisfied the efficiency of the new system. A.at B.in C.with D.of 4.Young children are often curious everything around them. A.to B.about C.for D.with 5.The old man is worried his health after the operation. A.for B.about C.of D.over 6.This kind of plant is similar the one we saw in the botanical garden last week. A.as B.to C.with D.from 7.She is very skilled negotiating business deals with foreign clients. A.at B.in C.for D.on 8.The committee is responsible evaluating the proposals submitted by the students. A.to B.for C.with D.of 9.The audience was deeply impressed the pianist's performance. A.with B.by C.at D.on 10.Are you prepared the challenging tasks that lie ahead? A.to B.for C.with D.of (二)用适当的介词填空(8小题) 根据句子语境，用括号内词的正确形式填空（注意：可能需要填介词或动名词，但这里要 求填动词的适当形式，即动词-ig或-ed形式，或者介词？题目要求有点模糊。参考原文 “用所给词的适当形式填空”，但这里我们改为“用适当的介词或动词的-ig形式填空”更合 理。但为了与参考格式一致，我们可以改为填写介词或动词的适当形式。不过参考内容是 用过去分词填空。这里我们改为“用适当的介词填空”更简单，但已有单选。为了有变化， 我们设计混合：部分填介词，部分填动名词。但注意保持难度。也可以设计成“在空白处 填入一个适当的词（介词或动词的-ig形式）"。但为了清晰，我们改为“用适当的介词填 空(8小题)”，符合题型。 调整：改为“用适当的介词填空(8小题)”，符合题型。 1.He is very keen learning new languages. 2.The students are all absorbed_reading the novel. 3.The city is famous its ancient temples and modern skyscrapers. 4.She is confident passing the driving test next week. 5.The scientist is devoted finding a cure for the disease. 6.The little boy is afraid the dark,so he always sleeps with the light on. 7.Your opinion is similar mine on this matter. 8.The manager was angry the staff for their careless mistakes. (三)篇章语法填空(12小题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词（介词或动词的正确形式，注意固定搭配）。 Last week,our class went on a field trip to a science museum.The guide introduced us to many exhibits,and we were all amazed 1. the advanced technology displayed there.I was particularly interested 2. a robot that could play chess.The robot was famous 3. its ability to predict human moves. One of my classmates is very good 4.__ programming,and he was excited 5.the chance to interact with the robot.However,another student was worried 6. __the robot's potential to replace human jobs. The guide explained that people should not be afraid 7.__technology; instead,they should become familiar 8. it. After the visit,we were asked to write a report based 9. what we had learned.I am not accustomed 10. writing long essays,but I am confident 11. my ability to describe the robot clearly.Our teacher was satisfied 12. our final reports and praised our hard work. 三、参考答案 (-)单项 1.B;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.B;6.B;7.B;8.B;9.A;10.B 选择 (二)用适 当的介词填 1.on;2.in,3.for 4.of;5.to;6.of;7.to 8.with 空 (三)篇章 1.by;2.in 3.for;4.at;5.about;6.about 7.of 8.with; 语法填空 9.on;10.to 11.of 12.with