Unit 6 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in Use（分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习为初中英语Unit 6 Beyond Earth新授课同步练，以“核心知识速记-基础达标-能力提升-思维进阶”分层路径，从词汇句型巩固到语篇综合应用，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇/句型默写与基础应用|单词/词组默写、汉译英填空，强化基础识记| |能力提升|语法（被动语态等）、短语替换与语篇填空|词形变化、单选、完形填空，衔接语法与语境| |思维进阶|语篇理解、逻辑推理与高阶语言应用|词义辨析、语法改写、逻辑完形，提升思维与语用能力|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in Use 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 spaceship n. (航天) 飞船 craft n. 技艺；飞行器；船 survey v. & n. 调查；民意调查 crowded adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 be strong both in mind and body 身心都强壮 keep my feet on the ground 脚踏实地 rocket launch 火箭发射 do a spacewalk 进行太空行走 survey telescope 巡天望远镜 句型 1. I’m going there early in case there are too many people. 我准备早点过去，以防现场人太多。 2. I ’d prefer to see it with my own eyes. 我更想亲眼见证这一幕。 3. The job must require you to be strong both in mind and body. 这份工作一定要求你身心都足够强健。 4. I believe that space travel will be made much easier in time. 我相信总有一天太空旅行会变得容易许多。 5. Though many missions failed or had to be canceled , space exploration never stopped. 尽管许多任务失败或是被迫取消，人类的太空探索从未停下脚步。 6. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future. 人们期待在不久的将来月球基地能够建成。 7. It seems possible that the wild dream of visiting other planets will also come true. 那个探访其他星球的远大梦想，似乎也有实现的可能。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /krɑːft/n. 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 2. ________ /ˈspeɪsʃɪp/ n. (航天) 飞船 3. _______ /səˈveɪ/ v. & n. 调查；民意调查 4. _______ /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 【答案】1.craft 2.spaceship 3.survey 4.crowded 二、词组默写。 1. 火箭发射__________ 2. 进行太空行走_____________________ 3. 巡天望远镜__________ 4. 身心都强壮________ 5. 脚踏实地________ 【答案】 1.rocket launch 2.do a spacewalk 3.survey telescope 4.be strong both in mind and body 5.keep my feet on the ground 三、汉语提示填空题 1.这位年轻航天员下周将完成一次长达六小时的太空行走。 The young astronaut will ________ a six-hour ________ next week. 2.全球各地的天文爱好者都在线收看这次大型火箭发射。 Astronomy lovers around the world watched the big ________ ________ online. 3. 你最好提前占好座位，以防直播间的人数达到上限。 You’d better reserve seats ahead ________ ________ the live room hits its visitor limit. 4. 合格的航天科研人员必须做到身心两方面都十分坚韧。 Qualified space researchers need to be tough ________ ________ mind and body. 5. 在科技持续发展后，普通人的太空观光之旅将会变得更加便利。 With the development of technology, space trips for common people ________ ________ ________ much more convenient. 6.恶劣天气来袭时，部分深空探测任务不得不被临时取消。 When terrible weather arrives, some deep-space tasks have ________ ________ ________ temporarily. 7.人们期待多功能月球科研基地将在十年内被成功建成。 ________ ________ ________ that multi-functional moon research bases will be built within ten years. 8.未来人类终将踏上火星，寻找适合生存的环境。 Human beings will finally ________ ________ ________ Mars to search for livable environments in the future. 9. 巡天望远镜帮助人类发现了许多潜藏在宇宙深处的星体。 The ________ ________ helps humans find lots of stars hidden deep in the universe. 10. 无论你的太空梦想多么宏大，都要脚踏实地走好每一步。 No matter how great your space dream is, you need to ________ ________ ________ on the ground and take every step carefully. 【答案】1.do; spacewalk 2. rocket launch 3.in case 4.both in 5.will be made 6.to be canceled 7.It is hoped 8.set foot on 9.survey telescope 10.keep your feet 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.More lunar bases ________ (build) by Chinese engineers in the following ten years. 2.The dangerous space tasks had to ________ (cancel) because of unexpected solar storms last month. 3.If you want to be a payload expert, you must train ________ (strict) for many years. 4.It ________ (hope) that more cheap space travel tools will be invented for common people. 5.Many new space ________ (craft) will carry scientists to the moon soon. 【答案】1.will be built 2.be canceled 3.strictly 4.is hoped 5.craft 五、单项选择题。 1.Scientists will send a new ________ to take clear photos of distant planets next year. A. spacesuit B. space telescope C. spacewalk D. space station 2.We’d better arrive at the viewing area early ________ thousands of space fans crowd the road. A. in time B. on board C. in case D. in space 3. Several new spacecraft ________ to Mars to search for living signs in five years. A. will launch B. are launched C. launch D.will be launched 4. This ______ spaceship carries three astronauts to the space station, while the ______ one operates autonomously. A. manned; unmanned B. unmanned; manned C. solar; crazy D. survey; crowded 5. Bad solar storms forced scientists to ________ the space task at the last minute last month. A. complete B. launch C. cancel D. cooperate 6. To be an excellent astronaut, you must stay strong ________ in mind ________ body all the time. A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not only; but 7. All kinds of biological tests ________ inside Tiangong to study space’s influence on living things soon. A. do B. did C. will be done D. were done 8. If you aim high, you still need to ________ and finish every small task carefully. A. keep your feet on the ground B. fall asleep C. set foot on the moon D. watch the rocket launch 9. Our dream of space exploration goes far ______ the moon and Mars. A. within B. beyond C. near D. above 10. Astronauts feel ______ in space because there is almost no gravity there. A. crazy B. crowded C. mysterious D. weightless 【答案】1. B 2.C 3.D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D 【详解】 1. 句意：科学家明年将发射一台新的太空望远镜，以拍摄遥远行星的清晰照片。 本题考查航天词汇辨析。spacesuit（宇航服），space telescope（太空望远镜），spacewalk（太空行走），space station（空间站）。根据句意“拍摄遥远行星的清晰照片”，只有“太空望远镜”符合逻辑。故选B。 2. 句意：我们最好早点到达观景区，以防成千上万的太空迷挤满道路。 本题考查连词/短语辨析。in time（及时），on board（在船/飞机上），in case（以防，免得），in space（在太空中）。根据语境，早到是为了“防止”因为人多而进不去，故选C。 3. 句意：五年内，将有几艘新的航天器被发射到火星，以寻找生命迹象。 本题考查时态和语态。时间状语“in five years”通常用于一般将来时，排除B和C；主语“spacecraft”（航天器）与动词“launch”（发射）之间是被动关系（航天器是被发射的），因此需要使用将来时的被动语态（will be done）。故选D。 4. 句意：这艘载人飞船搭载三名宇航员前往空间站，而无人飞船则自主运行。 本题考查航天词汇及逻辑对应。根据后半句“operates autonomously”（自主运行）以及前半句“carries three astronauts”（搭载宇航员），可以推断出第一个空应为“载人的”（manned），第二个空应为“无人的”（unmanned）。故选A。 5. 句意：上个月，强烈的太阳风暴迫使科研人员在最后一刻取消了这项太空任务。 本题考查动词词义辨析。固定搭配 force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事；complete（完成），launch（发射），cancel（取消），cooperate（合作）。恶劣太阳风暴属于不利条件，“取消任务” 符合语境，故选 C。 6. 句意：要想成为一名优秀的宇航员，你必须时刻保持身心强健。 解析：本题考查并列连词。either...or（要么...要么），both...and（两者都），neither...nor（既不...也不），not only...but（不仅...而且，通常搭配also）。宇航员需要“身体”和“心理”两方面都强大，表示并列且同时具备，故选 both; and。故选B。 7. 句意：不久之后，各种生物测试将在天宫空间站内进行，以研究太空对生物的影响。 解析：本题考查时态和语态。标志词“soon”（不久之后）提示句子应使用一般将来时，排除B和D；主语“biological tests”（生物测试）与动词“do”（做）之间是被动关系，因此使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 8.句意：如果你志向高远，你仍然需要脚踏实地，认真完成每一项小任务。 本题考查英语习语。keep your feet on the ground（脚踏实地），fall asleep（入睡），set foot on the moon（登月），watch the rocket launch（观看火箭发射）。根据后半句“认真完成每一项小任务”的语境，强调的是务实，故选A。 9. 句意：我们对太空探索的梦想远不止于月球和火星。 解析：本题考查介词辨析。within（在...之内），beyond（超出，超越），near（在...附近），above（在...上方）。go far beyond 意为“远远超出/远不止”，符合句意中探索范围不断扩大的语境。故选B。 10. 句意：宇航员在太空中会感到失重，因为那里几乎没有重力。 本题考查形容词辨析。crazy（疯狂的），crowded（拥挤的），mysterious（神秘的），weightless（失重的）。根据后半句“because there is almost no gravity there”（因为几乎没有重力），可知宇航员的感受是“失重的”。故选D。 六、短语替换改写专项练习。 用括号内给出的同义短语改写句子，保持句意不变，注意时态、人称、单复数变化。 1. I take notes carefully every day so that I won’t miss any useful space knowledge. (in case) __________________________________________________________________________ 2. Humans will land on Mars to look for signs of life in decades. (set foot on) __________________________________________________________________________ 3. No matter how big your space dream is, you should always stay practical. (keep your feet on the ground) __________________________________________________________________________ 4. Three scientists are staying inside the spacecraft doing research these days. (on board) __________________________________________________________________________ 5. Workers will do lots of biology experiments on the new space station. (carry out) __________________________________________________________________________ 6. Engineers plan to send up a new survey telescope next spring. (launch) __________________________________________________________________________ 7. Every country must work together with others for space progress. (cooperate with) __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. I take notes carefully every day in case I miss any useful space knowledge. 2. Humans will set foot on Mars to look for signs of life in decades. 3. No matter how big your space dream is, you should always keep your feet on the ground. 4. Three scientists are on board the spacecraft doing research these days. 5. Workers will carry out lots of biology experiments on the new space station. 6. Engineers plan to launch a new survey telescope next spring. 7. Every country must cooperate with others for space progress. 七、选词填空。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 (每个单词限用一次。每空限填一个单词。) do    great    who    hard    successful    choose    he    become    dream    up On April 24, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship was sent up into space 1 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The team is made 2 of three brave astronauts: Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie. It was Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie’s first space journey. Chen Zhongrui is a talented astronaut 3 comes from Anyang, Henan Province. 4 story inspires (鼓舞) many young people in China. He worked 5 in school and loved science. Later, he became a fighter pilot and then trained to be an astronaut. In 2010, he was 6 to join China’s space program. In the Shenzhou-20 task, Chen 7 some science experiments in space and helped to dock (对接) the spacecraft with the Tiangong Space Station. His skills and calmness are important for the task’s success. Now China is 8 a leader in space exploration and astronauts like Chen Zhongrui are making history. Chen Zhongrui is considered as one of the 9 people in Anyang. Chen’s success shows that hard work can make 10 come true. Many schools use his story to encourage students to study science and technology. Chen’s journey teaches us that with effort, even the sky is not the limit! 【答案】 1．successfully 2．up 3．who 4．His 5．hard 6．chosen 7．did 8．becoming 9．greatest 10．dreams 【导语】本文介绍了中国航天员陈忠瑞。陈忠瑞出生于河南省安阳县，他学习刻苦，热爱科学，他成为了一名飞行员。 1．句意：2025年4月24日，神舟二十号载人飞船从酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射升空。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填形容词successful的副词形式successfully“成功地”，作状语，修饰动词sent用，表示被成功地发射升空。故填successfully。 2．句意：该团队由三名勇敢的宇航员组成：陈东、陈忠瑞和王杰。be made up of“由……组成”。故填up。 3．句意：陈忠瑞是一位来自河南省安阳的天才宇航员。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填关系代词who，引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词astronaut，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。 4．句意：他的故事鼓舞了很多中国年轻人。根据前一句“Chen Zhongrui is a talented astronaut...comes from Anyang, Henan Province.”和备选词可知，应填人称代词he的形容词性物主代词形式his“他的”，指代前一句提到的“Chen Zhongrui”，作定语，修饰名词story，句首单词首字母大写。故填His。 5．句意：他在学校学习很努力，热爱科学。根据前一句“...story inspires many young people in China.”和备选词可知，此处表示他在学校学习很努力。work hard“学习努力”。故填hard。 6．句意：他于2010年被选加入中国太空计划。根据“he was...to join China’s space program.”和备选词可知，此处表示他被选中加入中国太空计划。应填动词choose“选择”的过去分词形式chosen，和空前的was一起构成被动语态。故填chosen。 7．句意：在神舟二十号任务中，陈在太空做了一些科学实验，并帮助将航天器与天宫空间站对接。do experiments“做实验”，应用填过去式形式did，和后面的helped并列作谓语。故填did。 8．句意：现在，中国正在成为太空探索的领导者，像陈忠瑞这样的宇航员正在创造历史。根据“Now China is...a leader in space exploration”和备选词可知，应填动词become“成为”的现在分词形式becoming，和空前的is一起构成现在进行时，表示现在中国正在成为太空探索的领导者。故填becoming。 9．句意：陈忠瑞被认为是安阳最伟大的人物之一。根据前文“astronauts like Chen Zhongrui are making history”和“Chen Zhongrui is considered as one of the...person in Anyang.”以及备选词可知，应填形容词great的最高级形式greatest“最伟大的”，表示陈忠瑞被认为是安阳最伟大的人物之一。句型“one of the+形容词的最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”。故填greatest。 10．句意：陈的成功表明，刻苦努力可以梦想成真。根据“hard work can make...come true”和备选词可知，此处表示刻苦努力可以梦想成真。dream“梦想”，用复数形式dreams，表示这一类事物。故填dreams。 八、完形填空。 China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape (零高度逃逸) flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship on Tuesday in Northwest China. It’s the first 1 of this kind in 27 years. At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines（发动机）was 2 , and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well. The spaceship and its escape tower 3 with the help of solid-fuel (固体燃料) engines. About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height. Then the return capsule （太空舱）separated from the escape tower. The parachute (降落伞) opened 4 easily. At 12:32 p.m., the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system, an officer said. China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship. The Mengzhou spaceship is a new type of 5 spaceship made by China for future space tasks. 6 the Shenzhou system, where the rocket was for escape and the spaceship was for rescue, the Mengzhou can do both jobs on its own, the officer said. The test on Tuesday checked how well the escape and rescue parts of the spaceship worked. It also made sure the escape steps and separation methods were right. And it got real-flight information about the escape paths 7 control systems. Being able to escape and be rescued is very important for the safety of 8 in space. It can help them get away from danger and come back to Earth if there is a problem during the take-off. The officer said the Mengzhou can 9 up to seven astronauts and meets high international standards. In the future, the spaceship will be used for China’s space station and Moon-exploration tasks. The 10 test is an “important technical base” for the next steps of the Moon-exploration plan, the officer said. The work on other important parts of the Moon task, like the Long March 10 carrier rocket and a Moon lander, is going on smoothly. More tests will be done as planned. 1．A．spaceship B．test C．launch D．flight 2．A．given B．found C．bought D．drawn 3．A. took out B. took away C. took up D. took off 4．A. hardly B. slowly C. easily D. heavily 5．A. manned B. unmanned C. wooden D. frozen 6．A. Thanks to B. Different from C. Instead of D. Because of 7．A. against B. through C. without D. towards 8．A. astronauts B. engineers C. scientists D. passengers 9．A. bring B. take C. carry D. fetch 10．A. boring B. difficult C. dangerous D. successful 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要聚焦中国新一代载人飞船“梦舟”在西北某地成功完成零高度逃逸飞行试验，这是中国时隔27年再次开展同类试验。报道详细介绍了试验过程、技术突破、试验意义，并提及飞船未来将用于空间站与载人探月任务，以及相关配套项目中国载人航天工程的进展。 【详解】1．句意：这是27年来首次此类测试。 spaceship飞船；test测试；launch发射；flight飞行。根据前文提到的“flight test（飞行测试）”可知，此处指代的是这次“测试”。故选B。 2．句意：下午12点30分，启动发动机的指令被下达。 given给予，下达；found发现；bought买；drawn画。根据语境，启动发动机的“指令（order）”是被“下达（given）”的，固定搭配 give an order。故选A。 3．句意：飞船及其逃逸塔在固体燃料发动机的帮助下起飞。 took out取出；took away拿走；took up占据；took off起飞。根据前文“启动发动机”及后文“达到预定高度”可知，此处表示飞船“起飞”。故选D。 4．句意：降落伞很容易地打开了。 hardly几乎不；slowly缓慢地；easily容易地，顺利地；heavily沉重地。这是一次成功的测试，降落伞打开的过程应该是“顺利地”。故选C。 5．句意：梦舟飞船是中国为未来太空任务制造的一种新型载人飞船。 manned载人的；unmanned无人的；wooden木制的；frozen冷冻的。根据前文提到的“Shenzhou manned spaceship”及航天常识可知，梦舟飞船依然是“载人的”飞船。故选A。 6．句意：与神舟系统不同，梦舟飞船可以独立完成这两项工作。 Thanks to多亏了；Different from与……不同；Instead of代替；Because of因为。根据后文“神舟系统是火箭负责逃逸，飞船负责救生”，而梦舟飞船能“自己完成两项工作”，两者形成了对比。故选B。 7．句意：它还通过控制系统获取了关于逃逸路径的真实飞行信息。 against反对；through通过；without没有；towards朝向。根据语境，获取数据的方式是“通过”控制系统。故选B。 8．句意：能够成功逃逸和获救，对于宇航员在太空中的安全来说是非常重要的。 astronauts宇航员；engineers工程师；scientists科学家；passengers乘客。结合全文语境，在太空中执行任务、最需要逃生系统来保障生命安全的是“宇航员”。故选A。 9．句意：这名官员表示，梦舟飞船最多可搭载7名宇航员。 bring带来；take带走；carry承载，搭载；fetch去取。在航天英语中，表示交通工具“搭载/承载”乘客，最地道的动词是 carry。故选C。 10．句意：这次成功的测试为月球探测计划的下一步奠定了重要的技术基础。 boring无聊的；difficult困难的；dangerous危险的；successful成功的。根据前文描述的飞船顺利起飞、开伞并安全着陆的过程，可以推断出这是一次“成功的”测试。故选D。 Raising fish in space What are Shenzhou XVIII’s highlights? 神舟十八号乘组在太空“养鱼”！ On April 26, the Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship’s three astronauts successfully entered the space station and met with the Shenzhou XVII astronauts. The Shenzhou XVIII crew (乘组) members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. “Being born in the 1980s and having all been pilots, we never run out of things to talk about,” Li Cong told Xinhua. The crew will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space. They will study microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics, reported China Daily. This mission is special because it features China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems. The astronauts brought a fish tank (鱼缸) filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish (斑马鱼) and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? They are very small vertebrates (脊椎动物) and they share 70 percent of their genes with humans. “Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” Zhang Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists understand how the human body reacts (反应) to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII crew is expected to return in October after six months in space. Right now, China is about to finish picking its fourth batch (批) of astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station missions and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. Task 1 语境词义辨析（思维进阶·逻辑推理） 1. The Shenzhou XVIII crew will ________ over 90 scientific experiments in the space station. A. launch B. carry out C. cancel D. maintain 2. The special space tank can ________ temperature and lighting automatically for the zebrafish. A. operate B. set foot on C. cooperate D. launch 3. Space exploration tasks ________ high skills and great patience for astronauts. A. launch B. fall asleep C. cancel D. require 4. China’s space exploration never stops; its future plan goes far ________ simple space experiments. A. above B. near C. beyond D. within Task 2 短语同义转换（高阶输出·句式改写） 用括号内的词改写句子，句意不变。 1. With the help of algae, the zebrafish can get enough oxygen and stay alive.（help…do ） ___________________________________________________________________ 2. The crew will finish lots of space experiments during their six-month mission.（carry out） ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Scientists work together with space teams to study animal reactions in space.（cooperate with） ___________________________________________________________________ Task 3 语法思维进阶 结合语篇语境，改写为一般将来时被动语态。 1. Scientists will do more animal studies in space in the future. __________________________________________________________________ 2. China will choose new astronauts for future moon-exploration tasks. ___________________________________________________________________ Task 4 词义推理猜测 结合全篇航天语境，选出划线单词/短语的真实含义。 1. We never run out of things to talk about. A. 用完；缺乏 B. 跑出 C. 放弃 D. 推迟 2. This mission features China’s first space water ecosystem study. A. 模仿 B. 以……为特色 C. 取消 D. 改善 Task 5 高阶完形填空（逻辑进阶） 结合上下文逻辑选词。 This is the first ________ of space-based water ecosystem study in Chinese space history. A. launch B. test C. spacecraft D. satellite 【答案】 Task 1 语境词义辨析 1.B 2. A 3. D 4. C Task 2 短语同义转换 1. Algae help the zebrafish get enough oxygen and stay alive. 2. The crew will carry out lots of space experiments during their six-month mission. 3. Scientists cooperate with space teams to study animal reactions in space. Task 3 将来时被动改写 1. More animal studies will be done by scientists in space in the future. 2. New astronauts will be chosen by China for future moon-exploration tasks. Task 4 词义推理猜测 1. A 2. B Task 5 高阶完形 B test ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in Use 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 spaceship n. (航天) 飞船 craft n. 技艺；飞行器；船 survey v. & n. 调查；民意调查 crowded adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 be strong both in mind and body 身心都强壮 keep my feet on the ground 脚踏实地 rocket launch 火箭发射 do a spacewalk 进行太空行走 survey telescope 巡天望远镜 句型 1. I’m going there early in case there are too many people. 我准备早点过去，以防现场人太多。 2. I ’d prefer to see it with my own eyes. 我更想亲眼见证这一幕。 3. The job must require you to be strong both in mind and body. 这份工作一定要求你身心都足够强健。 4. I believe that space travel will be made much easier in time. 我相信总有一天太空旅行会变得容易许多。 5. Though many missions failed or had to be canceled , space exploration never stopped. 尽管许多任务失败或是被迫取消，人类的太空探索从未停下脚步。 6. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future. 人们期待在不久的将来月球基地能够建成。 7. It seems possible that the wild dream of visiting other planets will also come true. 那个探访其他星球的远大梦想，似乎也有实现的可能。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /krɑːft/n. 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 2. ________ /ˈspeɪsʃɪp/ n. (航天) 飞船 3. _______ /səˈveɪ/ v. & n. 调查；民意调查 4. _______ /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 二、词组默写。 1. 火箭发射__________ 2. 进行太空行走_____________________ 3. 巡天望远镜__________ 4. 身心都强壮________ 5. 脚踏实地________ 三、汉语提示填空题 1.这位年轻航天员下周将完成一次长达六小时的太空行走。 The young astronaut will ________ a six-hour ________ next week. 2.全球各地的天文爱好者都在线收看这次大型火箭发射。 Astronomy lovers around the world watched the big ________ ________ online. 3. 你最好提前占好座位，以防直播间的人数达到上限。 You’d better reserve seats ahead ________ ________ the live room hits its visitor limit. 4. 合格的航天科研人员必须做到身心两方面都十分坚韧。 Qualified space researchers need to be tough ________ ________ mind and body. 5. 在科技持续发展后，普通人的太空观光之旅将会变得更加便利。 With the development of technology, space trips for common people ________ ________ ________ much more convenient. 6.恶劣天气来袭时，部分深空探测任务不得不被临时取消。 When terrible weather arrives, some deep-space tasks have ________ ________ ________ temporarily. 7.人们期待多功能月球科研基地将在十年内被成功建成。 ________ ________ ________ that multi-functional moon research bases will be built within ten years. 8.未来人类终将踏上火星，寻找适合生存的环境。 Human beings will finally ________ ________ ________ Mars to search for livable environments in the future. 9. 巡天望远镜帮助人类发现了许多潜藏在宇宙深处的星体。 The ________ ________ helps humans find lots of stars hidden deep in the universe. 10. 无论你的太空梦想多么宏大，都要脚踏实地走好每一步。 No matter how great your space dream is, you need to ________ ________ ________ on the ground and take every step carefully. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.More lunar bases ________ (build) by Chinese engineers in the following ten years. 2.The dangerous space tasks had to ________ (cancel) because of unexpected solar storms last month. 3.If you want to be a payload expert, you must train ________ (strict) for many years. 4.It ________ (hope) that more cheap space travel tools will be invented for common people. 5.Many new space ________ (craft) will carry scientists to the moon soon. 五、单项选择题。 1.Scientists will send a new ________ to take clear photos of distant planets next year. A. spacesuit B. space telescope C. spacewalk D. space station 2.We’d better arrive at the viewing area early ________ thousands of space fans crowd the road. A. in time B. on board C. in case D. in space 3. Several new spacecraft ________ to Mars to search for living signs in five years. A. will launch B. are launched C. launch D.will be launched 4. This ______ spaceship carries three astronauts to the space station, while the ______ one operates autonomously. A. manned; unmanned B. unmanned; manned C. solar; crazy D. survey; crowded 5. Bad solar storms forced scientists to ________ the space task at the last minute last month. A. complete B. launch C. cancel D. cooperate 6. To be an excellent astronaut, you must stay strong ________ in mind ________ body all the time. A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not only; but 7. All kinds of biological tests ________ inside Tiangong to study space’s influence on living things soon. A. do B. did C. will be done D. were done 8. If you aim high, you still need to ________ and finish every small task carefully. A. keep your feet on the ground B. fall asleep C. set foot on the moon D. watch the rocket launch 9. Our dream of space exploration goes far ______ the moon and Mars. A. within B. beyond C. near D. above 10. Astronauts feel ______ in space because there is almost no gravity there. A. crazy B. crowded C. mysterious D. weightless 六、短语替换改写专项练习。 用括号内给出的同义短语改写句子，保持句意不变，注意时态、人称、单复数变化。 1. I take notes carefully every day so that I won’t miss any useful space knowledge. (in case) __________________________________________________________________________ 2. Humans will land on Mars to look for signs of life in decades. (set foot on) __________________________________________________________________________ 3. No matter how big your space dream is, you should always stay practical. (keep your feet on the ground) __________________________________________________________________________ 4. Three scientists are staying inside the spacecraft doing research these days. (on board) __________________________________________________________________________ 5. Workers will do lots of biology experiments on the new space station. (carry out) __________________________________________________________________________ 6. Engineers plan to send up a new survey telescope next spring. (launch) __________________________________________________________________________ 7. Every country must work together with others for space progress. (cooperate with) __________________________________________________________________________ 七、选词填空。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 (每个单词限用一次。每空限填一个单词。) do    great    who    hard    successful    choose    he    become    dream    up On April 24, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship was sent up into space 1 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The team is made 2 of three brave astronauts: Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie. It was Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie’s first space journey. Chen Zhongrui is a talented astronaut 3 comes from Anyang, Henan Province. 4 story inspires (鼓舞) many young people in China. He worked 5 in school and loved science. Later, he became a fighter pilot and then trained to be an astronaut. In 2010, he was 6 to join China’s space program. In the Shenzhou-20 task, Chen 7 some science experiments in space and helped to dock (对接) the spacecraft with the Tiangong Space Station. His skills and calmness are important for the task’s success. Now China is 8 a leader in space exploration and astronauts like Chen Zhongrui are making history. Chen Zhongrui is considered as one of the 9 people in Anyang. Chen’s success shows that hard work can make 10 come true. Many schools use his story to encourage students to study science and technology. Chen’s journey teaches us that with effort, even the sky is not the limit! 八、完形填空。 China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape (零高度逃逸) flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship on Tuesday in Northwest China. It’s the first 1 of this kind in 27 years. At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines（发动机）was 2 , and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well. The spaceship and its escape tower 3 with the help of solid-fuel (固体燃料) engines. About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height. Then the return capsule （太空舱）separated from the escape tower. The parachute (降落伞) opened 4 easily. At 12:32 p.m., the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system, an officer said. China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship. The Mengzhou spaceship is a new type of 5 spaceship made by China for future space tasks. 6 the Shenzhou system, where the rocket was for escape and the spaceship was for rescue, the Mengzhou can do both jobs on its own, the officer said. The test on Tuesday checked how well the escape and rescue parts of the spaceship worked. It also made sure the escape steps and separation methods were right. And it got real-flight information about the escape paths 7 control systems. Being able to escape and be rescued is very important for the safety of 8 in space. It can help them get away from danger and come back to Earth if there is a problem during the take-off. The officer said the Mengzhou can 9 up to seven astronauts and meets high international standards. In the future, the spaceship will be used for China’s space station and Moon-exploration tasks. The 10 test is an “important technical base” for the next steps of the Moon-exploration plan, the officer said. The work on other important parts of the Moon task, like the Long March 10 carrier rocket and a Moon lander, is going on smoothly. More tests will be done as planned. 1．A．spaceship B．test C．launch D．flight 2．A．given B．found C．bought D．drawn 3．A. took out B. took away C. took up D. took off 4．A. hardly B. slowly C. easily D. heavily 5．A. manned B. unmanned C. wooden D. frozen 6．A. Thanks to B. Different from C. Instead of D. Because of 7．A. against B. through C. without D. towards 8．A. astronauts B. engineers C. scientists D. passengers 9．A. bring B. take C. carry D. fetch 10．A. boring B. difficult C. dangerous D. successful Raising fish in space What are Shenzhou XVIII’s highlights? 神舟十八号乘组在太空“养鱼”！ On April 26, the Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship’s three astronauts successfully entered the space station and met with the Shenzhou XVII astronauts. The Shenzhou XVIII crew (乘组) members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. “Being born in the 1980s and having all been pilots, we never run out of things to talk about,” Li Cong told Xinhua. The crew will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space. They will study microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics, reported China Daily. This mission is special because it features China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems. The astronauts brought a fish tank (鱼缸) filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish (斑马鱼) and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? They are very small vertebrates (脊椎动物) and they share 70 percent of their genes with humans. “Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” Zhang Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists understand how the human body reacts (反应) to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII crew is expected to return in October after six months in space. Right now, China is about to finish picking its fourth batch (批) of astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station missions and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. Task 1 语境词义辨析（思维进阶·逻辑推理） 1. The Shenzhou XVIII crew will ________ over 90 scientific experiments in the space station. A. launch B. carry out C. cancel D. maintain 2. The special space tank can ________ temperature and lighting automatically for the zebrafish. A. operate B. set foot on C. cooperate D. launch 3. Space exploration tasks ________ high skills and great patience for astronauts. A. launch B. fall asleep C. cancel D. require 4. China’s space exploration never stops; its future plan goes far ________ simple space experiments. A. above B. near C. beyond D. within Task 2 短语同义转换（高阶输出·句式改写） 用括号内的词改写句子，句意不变。 1. With the help of algae, the zebrafish can get enough oxygen and stay alive.（help…do ） ___________________________________________________________________ 2. The crew will finish lots of space experiments during their six-month mission.（carry out） ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Scientists work together with space teams to study animal reactions in space.（cooperate with） ___________________________________________________________________ Task 3 语法思维进阶 结合语篇语境，改写为一般将来时被动语态。 1. Scientists will do more animal studies in space in the future. __________________________________________________________________ 2. China will choose new astronauts for future moon-exploration tasks. ___________________________________________________________________ Task 4 词义推理猜测 结合全篇航天语境，选出划线单词/短语的真实含义。 1. We never run out of things to talk about. A. 用完；缺乏 B. 跑出 C. 放弃 D. 推迟 2. This mission features China’s first space water ecosystem study. A. 模仿 B. 以……为特色 C. 取消 D. 改善 Task 5 高阶完形填空（逻辑进阶） 结合上下文逻辑选词。 This is the first ________ of space-based water ecosystem study in Chinese space history. A. launch B. test C. spacecraft D. satellite ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $