Unit 6 课时1 Section A 1a-2e（分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 6 Beyond Earth课时1分层作业，以基础达标、能力提升、拓展培优、思维进阶四级分层设计，构建从词汇句型到语篇思维的递进路径，强化语言能力，培养思维品质与学习能力。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇、短语及基础句型|通过单词/词组默写、汉语提示填空巩固单元基础语言知识| |能力提升|语法应用与简单语篇|以适当形式填空、选词填空强化语法规则（如被动语态）和语篇衔接| |拓展培优|综合语篇理解|借助阅读还原、阅读理解训练信息获取与语篇逻辑分析能力| |思维进阶|高阶思维与创新应用|通过完形填空、批判性思维任务（如实验意义分析）提升问题解决与创新表达能力|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth 课时1 Section A (1a-2e) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 mission n. 任务；使命 telescope n. 望远镜 tie v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 rover n. 探测器；漫游者 manned adj. 需人操作的 maintain v. 维修；保持 movement n. 运动；活动 asleep adj. 睡着的 launch v. & n. 发射；发起 beyond prep. 超出adv. 在更远处 fall asleep 入睡 weightless adj. 失重的；无重量的 space programme 太空计划 make public公开 a manned mission to the moon 载人登月任务 land on Mars 登陆火星 turn around easily 轻松转身 cooperation with… 与……合作 move along with... 与……一同移动 maintain and repair 维护和修理 push against the wall 推墙 ； 蹬墙壁 be tied down 被固定住 句型 1.More astronauts will be sent to the space station. 更多宇航员将被送往空间站。（一般将来时被动） 2.It will be visited by other astronauts. 会有其他宇航员前来造访。 3. It is hoped that a manned mission to the moon will follow around 2030. 人们预计大约2030年开展载人登月任务。 4. It is expected to help people explore more areas in space. 它有望助力人类探索更多太空领域。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep. 超出； adv. 在更远处 2. ________ /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 任务；使命 3. __________ /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 4. ________ /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n. 探测器；漫游者 5. ________/mænd/ adj. 需人操作的 6. _______ /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 维修；保持 7. ________ /lɔːntʃ/ v. & n. 发射；发起 8. ________ /ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的；无重量的 9. ________ /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动；活动 10. ________ /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的 11. ________ /taɪ/ v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 二、词组默写。 1. 入睡 _______________________ 2. 太空计划_______________________ 3.公开 ________________ 4. 登陆火星_______________________ 5.载人登月任务___________________ 6. 与……合作_______________________ 7.与……一同移动__________________ 8. 维护和修理_______________________ 9.轻松转身_______________________ 10. 推墙；蹬墙壁 _______________________ 11.被固定住 _______________________ 三、汉语提示填空题 1.最新的太空研究成果昨日对外公开。 The latest space research results were ______ ______ yesterday. 2.科学家们希望人类能在数十年后成功登陆火星。 Scientists hope humans can ______ ______ Mars successfully in decades. 3.各国正在携手推进载人登月相关任务。 Countries are working together to carry out a ______ ______ to the moon. 4.我国会加强与多个国家在太空科技领域的合作。 Our country will strengthen its ______ ______ other countries in space technology. 5.巡天望远镜设计成与天宫空间站同步运行。 Xuntian Telescope is designed to ______ ______ ______ the Tiangong Space Station. 6.专业人员定期检修空间站设备，保障正常运转。 Professionals ______ and ______ space station equipment regularly to keep it working well. 7.在失重环境下，宇航员能够轻松转身。 In weightless environment, astronauts are able to ______ ______ easily. 8.宇航员只需要蹬墙壁就能在舱内自由移动。 Astronauts can float around the cabin just by ______ ______ the wall. 9.睡觉时宇航员必须被固定住，防止漂浮。 Astronauts must ______ ______ ______ while sleeping to stop floating away. 10.人们期待新型太空望远镜探索宇宙更多未知区域。 It ______ ______ that the new space telescope will explore more unknown areas of space. 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Scientists are preparing a ________ (man) mission to the moon. 2.We need more ________ (cooperate) with foreign space teams. 3.More astronauts ________ (send) to Tiangong next month. 4.I usually fall ________ (sleep) quickly after a long day of work. 5.This telescope helps the ________ (explore) of unknown space areas. 五、选词填空。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 stress/since/fast/to/help/train/space/difficulty/into/set up May 30 is China’s Astronautics Day. 1 Yang Liwei’s spaceflight in 2003, China has done very well in its space program. Many Chinese astronauts have been sent 2 space. They help with space exploration. In space, astronauts face many 3 . The lack of gravity is bad for their bodies. Staying in a small spaceship for a long time can also bring staying, like feeling lonely and 4 . And if any equipment breaks down, astronauts have to fix it quickly. To make sure Chinese astronauts can deal with these and finish their tasks, a good training system has been 5 . It has physical training, learning knowledge, and space-task practice. Astronauts need to 6 for at least 4 years before going to space. One of the most 7 parts of the training is high-altitude training. Astronauts wear special clothes and train in high-altitude places. This 8 them get used to the hard conditions in space. Now, China’s space industry is developing 9 , and astronauts are very important in this. Their bravery and hard work make more young people want to follow their dreams in 10 exploration. 六、阅读还原。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Shenzhou-19 mission is an important step in China’s space exploration. The three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, are on a remarkable journey. During their spacewalk, they have to face many challenges. One of the main tasks is to set up the space station’s equipment for guarding against space rubbish. 1.______ It’s like a protective shield for the station. The astronauts also need to carefully examine and handle the apparatus (仪器) and facilities outside the spacecraft. 2.______ Any small problem could cause big trouble in the environment of space. 3.______The former record was about 8.5 hours set by the Shenzhou-18 crew. This shows that China is constantly breaking the record in space exploration technology. The astronauts’ work is not only about technical operations, they also need to have good skills and be able to work well together. 4.______ China’s space program has achieved a lot. 5.______ The Shenzhou-19 mission is just one of the many cases that prove China’s progress in space exploration. A.They check every part to make sure it works well. B.In the open space, they depend on each other. C.They have to carry heavy tools to finish the difficult tasks. D.This special equipment can help protect the space station from being hit by tiny but fast-moving pieces of rubbish. E.It makes people proud of our country’s strength in science and technology. F.The spacewalk of the Shenzhou-19 crew lasted about 9 hours, which is a new record. 七、阅读理解。 JIUQUAN SATELLITE LAUNCH CENTER, China China sends off its youngest-ever team for its space station on Thursday. It is part of the country’s plan to put astronauts on the moon before 2030. The China Manned Space Agency said the average（平均的） age of the three﹣member team is the youngest since the launch of the space station. Their average age is 38, state media China Daily said. The three astronauts are Tang Hongbo, and Jiang Xinlin. They will replace a team that has been on the station for six months. The new team will perform experiments in space medicine, space technology（设备） inside and outside the station. In 2022, the Chinese government built its own space station after it was not permitted to join the U. S. led International Space Station. The Americans worried that the Chinese space program was under the control of the People’s Liberation Army.      China’s first manned space mission（任务） in 2003 made it the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U.S. to put a person into space using its own resources. Although the American space program is believed to be far ahead of China at this time, China has made some important steps. They include bringing back samples（样本） from the moon’s surface for the first time and landing a vehicle（运载工具）, meanwhile, aims to put astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025. In addition to their moon programs, the two countries have also independently（独立地） landed vehicles on Mars. And China plans to follow the U. S. in landing a spacecraft on an asteroid（行星）. 1．When does China plan to put astronauts on the moon? A．Before 2030. B．Before 2025. C．Before 2040. D．Before 2050. 2．What can we learn about the three astronauts? A．They stayed at the station for six months. B．They will do experiments in different areas. C．They are the youngest astronauts at the age of 38. D．They will use the equipment to repair the station. 3．Why did China build its own space station? A．China was controlled by the American space program. B．China wanted to challenge the US in space exploration. C．China wanted to have control over American space program. D．China was not allowed to join the International Space Station. 4．Which is the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．China lands a vehicle on the far side of the moon. B．China brings back samples from the moon’s surface. C．China has taken important steps in space exploration. D．China put astronauts on the moon’s surface before 2030. 5．What have both the U. S. and China achieved in their space programs? A．They landed vehicles on Mars independently. B．They built a joint International Space Station. C．They landed a spacecraft on an asteroid. D．They launched their first manned space missions. 八、完形填空。 阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 China has made great achievements in space exploration. In 2021, the Tianwen-1 probe successfully 1 on Mars, making China the second country to land a rover on the red planet. The rover was named Zhurong, after a 2 from ancient Chinese stories. The name Zhurong shows the spirit of Chinese people. In the story, Zhurong is the god of fire. He 3 light and warmth to humans. By naming the rover Zhurong, scientists hope it can also bring 4 knowledge about Mars. The Mars mission was very 5 . The probe traveled about 470 million kilometers. It took nearly seven months to reach Mars. The landing process was called the “seven minutes of 6 ” because it was so difficult. Zhurong had to slow down from 20,000 km/h to zero in just seven minutes. After landing, Zhurong worked on Mars for more than 300 days. It sent back many photos and valuable 7 . Scientists learned that there might have been water on Mars a long time ago. China’s space program is developing 8 . In the future, China plans to build a research station on the moon and send astronauts to Mars. Young people are 9 by these achievements to study science and help the country go 10 in space. 1．A．landed B．fell C．climbed D．jumped 2．A．place B．animal C．person D．plant 3．A．hides B．brings C．throws D．borrows 4．A．new B．old C．wrong D．little 5．A．easy B．boring C．dangerous D．challenging 6．A．peace B．danger C．risk D．joy 7．A．money B．time C．information D．energy 8．A．slowly B．quickly C．badly D．carefully 9．A．inspired B．forced C．stopped D．troubled 10．A．farther B．closer C．shorter D．higher Part 1: Read and Explore China’s Space Station Welcomes First “Mouse Astronauts” Do you want to be the visitor of China’s Space Station? China’s Shenzhou-21 spacecraft is going to do something great: send four mice into space! This is a special mission in China’s space history, as these are the first small rodent (啮齿类) animals sent by our country’s spacecraft. Many people are excited about this news. This 5-7 day task marks major progress in the country’s space biology research and helps us learn more about living beyond Earth. The journey began with 300 mice, which were narrowed down over 60 days of strict tests. To get their chance, the mice had to stay on a spinning rod (旋转杆) for 110 seconds to show their stamina (耐力). They also spun in different directions to avoid space sickness. In the end, only two males and two females were chosen for the mission. These black mice have very similar DNA, which makes their test results more dependable. Their space home is a special place with temperature control, clean air, changing light, automatic (自动化的) food and water, and even a spring for them to dig in, just like they do on Earth. Once in space, the mice will live on a research place sent up earlier by the Tianzhou-9. Scientists on Earth will watch them closely to study them. They will also explore how space affect DNA . Since mice share 85% of their DNA with humans, the findings will help keep astronauts safe on long tasks. This research also supports China’s plan to land on the moon by 2030 and explore Mars later. After the space trip, the mice will be brought back to Earth for further research. This will pave the way for deeper human space exploration. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking 1. Why do scientists carry out experiments with mice in the space station? ________________________________________________________________________ 2. What progress can China make from this special mouse mission? ________________________________________________________________________ 3. This biology experiment is very important.（用it作形式主语改写句子） ________________________________________________________. Task 2: Complete the chart below Time & Moment Related facts People’s feelings Before the space task 300 mice took strict tests for over two months 1. ___________________ When the news of “mouse astronauts” came out People learned the first rodent animals will go to space 2. ___________________ After the mice return to Earth Scientists will do further study and plan moon & Mars exploration 3. ___________________ Task 3: Grammar & Creative Writing 根据短文提示，用括号内单词的适当形式填空： Point 1: Four mice _______________ (send) into space by Shenzhou-21. Point 2: The mice _______________ (watch) closely by ground scientists in space. Point 3: Valuable DNA research results _______________ (collect) after the mice return to Earth. Point 4: New ways to protect astronauts _______________ (find) from this biology experiment. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 课时1 Section A (1a-2e) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 mission n. 任务；使命 telescope n. 望远镜 tie v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 rover n. 探测器；漫游者 manned adj. 需人操作的 maintain v. 维修；保持 movement n. 运动；活动 asleep adj. 睡着的 launch v. & n. 发射；发起 beyond prep. 超出adv. 在更远处 fall asleep 入睡 weightless adj. 失重的；无重量的 space programme 太空计划 make public公开 a manned mission to the moon 载人登月任务 land on Mars 登陆火星 turn around easily 轻松转身 cooperation with… 与……合作 move along with... 与……一同移动 maintain and repair 维护和修理 push against the wall 推墙 ； 蹬墙壁 be tied down 被固定住 句型 1.More astronauts will be sent to the space station. 更多宇航员将被送往空间站。（一般将来时被动） 2.It will be visited by other astronauts. 会有其他宇航员前来造访。 3. It is hoped that a manned mission to the moon will follow around 2030. 人们预计大约2030年开展载人登月任务。 4. It is expected to help people explore more areas in space. 它有望助力人类探索更多太空领域。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep. 超出； adv. 在更远处 2. ________ /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 任务；使命 3. __________ /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 4. ________ /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n. 探测器；漫游者 5. ________/mænd/ adj. 需人操作的 6. _______ /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 维修；保持 7. ________ /lɔːntʃ/ v. & n. 发射；发起 8. ________ /ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的；无重量的 9. ________ /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动；活动 10. ________ /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的 11. ________ /taɪ/ v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 【答案】 1.beyond 2.mission 3.telescope 4.rover 5.manned 6.maintain 7.launch 8.weightless 9.movement 10.asleep 11.tie 二、词组默写。 1. 入睡 _______________________ 2. 太空计划_______________________ 3.公开 ________________ 4. 登陆火星_______________________ 5.载人登月任务___________________ 6. 与……合作_______________________ 7.与……一同移动__________________ 8. 维护和修理_______________________ 9.轻松转身_______________________ 10. 推墙；蹬墙壁 _______________________ 11.被固定住 _______________________ 【答案】1.fall asleep 2.space programme 3.make public 4.land on Mars 5.a manned mission to the moon 6.cooperation with… 7.move along with... 8.maintain and repair 9.turn around easily 10.push against the wall 11.be tied down 三、汉语提示填空题 1.最新的太空研究成果昨日对外公开。 The latest space research results were ______ ______ yesterday. 2.科学家们希望人类能在数十年后成功登陆火星。 Scientists hope humans can ______ ______ Mars successfully in decades. 3.各国正在携手推进载人登月相关任务。 Countries are working together to carry out a ______ ______ to the moon. 4.我国会加强与多个国家在太空科技领域的合作。 Our country will strengthen its ______ ______ other countries in space technology. 5.巡天望远镜设计成与天宫空间站同步运行。 Xuntian Telescope is designed to ______ ______ ______ the Tiangong Space Station. 6.专业人员定期检修空间站设备，保障正常运转。 Professionals ______ and ______ space station equipment regularly to keep it working well. 7.在失重环境下，宇航员能够轻松转身。 In weightless environment, astronauts are able to ______ ______ easily. 8.宇航员只需要蹬墙壁就能在舱内自由移动。 Astronauts can float around the cabin just by ______ ______ the wall. 9.睡觉时宇航员必须被固定住，防止漂浮。 Astronauts must ______ ______ ______ while sleeping to stop floating away. 10.人们期待新型太空望远镜探索宇宙更多未知区域。 It ______ ______ that the new space telescope will explore more unknown areas of space. 【答案】 1. made public 2. land on 3. manned mission 4. cooperation with 5. move along with 6. maintain; repair 7. turn around 8. pushing against 9. be tied down 10. is expected 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Scientists are preparing a ________ (man) mission to the moon. 2.We need more ________ (cooperate) with foreign space teams. 3.More astronauts ________ (send) to Tiangong next month. 4.I usually fall ________ (sleep) quickly after a long day of work. 5.This telescope helps the ________ (explore) of unknown space areas. 【答案】1. manned 2. cooperation 3. will be sent 4. asleep 5. exploration 五、选词填空。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 stress/since/fast/to/help/train/space/difficulty/into/set up May 30 is China’s Astronautics Day. 1 Yang Liwei’s spaceflight in 2003, China has done very well in its space program. Many Chinese astronauts have been sent 2 space. They help with space exploration. In space, astronauts face many 3 . The lack of gravity is bad for their bodies. Staying in a small spaceship for a long time can also bring staying, like feeling lonely and 4 . And if any equipment breaks down, astronauts have to fix it quickly. To make sure Chinese astronauts can deal with these and finish their tasks, a good training system has been 5 . It has physical training, learning knowledge, and space-task practice. Astronauts need to 6 for at least 4 years before going to space. One of the most 7 parts of the training is high-altitude training. Astronauts wear special clothes and train in high-altitude places. This 8 them get used to the hard conditions in space. Now, China’s space industry is developing 9 , and astronauts are very important in this. Their bravery and hard work make more young people want to follow their dreams in 10 exploration. 【答案】1．Since 2．into 3．difficulties 4．stress 5．set up 6．train 7．difficult 8．helps 9．fast 10．space 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国航天员日以及中国航天员的太空探索与训练相关内容。 【详解】 1．句意：自从杨利伟2003年的太空飞行以来，中国在太空项目上表现出色。根据“China has done very well…”可知，此处应用现在完成时的标志词，因此用since“自从”。 2．句意：许多中国航天员已经被送入太空。根据“sent…space”可知，此处表示“送入太空”，应用固定搭配send into space，因此用into“进入、到……里面”。 3．句意：在太空中，航天员面临许多困难。根据“many”可知，此处应用可数名词复数形式，结合后文提到的太空困难，因此用difficulties“困难”。 4．句意：长时间待在狭小的飞船里也会带来问题，比如感到孤独和压力。根据“lonely and”可知，此处应填与情绪相关的名词，结合语境，因此用stress“压力”。 5．句意：为了确保中国航天员能应对这些并完成任务，一套良好的训练系统已经建立。根据“training system has”可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，结合语境，因此用set up“建立”，其过去分词形式仍为set up，故填set up。 6．句意：航天员在进入太空前需要训练至少4年。根据“need to”可知，此处应用动词原形，结合后文提到的训练，因此用train“训练”。 7．句意：训练中最困难的部分之一是高原训练。根据“one of the most”可知，此处应用形容词原级构成最高级结构 “one of the most+形容词+复数名词”，结合语境中高原训练的挑战性，因此用difficult“困难的”。 8．句意：这帮助他们适应太空的艰苦条件。根据“them get used to”可知，此处应用动词，主语为this，谓语用第三人称单数形式，结合语境，因此用helps“帮助”。 9．句意：现在，中国的航天工业正在快速地发展。根据“developing”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，结合语境，因此用fast“快速地”。 10．句意：他们的勇敢和努力让更多年轻人想要追随他们在太空探索中的梦想。根据“exploration”可知，此处是名词作定语修饰后面名词，结合前文提到的太空项目，因此用space“太空的、太空”。 六、阅读还原。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Shenzhou-19 mission is an important step in China’s space exploration. The three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, are on a remarkable journey. During their spacewalk, they have to face many challenges. One of the main tasks is to set up the space station’s equipment for guarding against space rubbish. 1.______ It’s like a protective shield for the station. The astronauts also need to carefully examine and handle the apparatus (仪器) and facilities outside the spacecraft. 2.______ Any small problem could cause big trouble in the environment of space. 3.______The former record was about 8.5 hours set by the Shenzhou-18 crew. This shows that China is constantly breaking the record in space exploration technology. The astronauts’ work is not only about technical operations, they also need to have good skills and be able to work well together. 4.______ China’s space program has achieved a lot. 5.______ The Shenzhou-19 mission is just one of the many cases that prove China’s progress in space exploration. A.They check every part to make sure it works well. B.In the open space, they depend on each other. C.They have to carry heavy tools to finish the difficult tasks. D.This special equipment can help protect the space station from being hit by tiny but fast-moving pieces of rubbish. E.It makes people proud of our country’s strength in science and technology. F.The spacewalk of the Shenzhou-19 crew lasted about 9 hours, which is a new record. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. F 4.B 5.E 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号载人飞行任务：三名航天员在太空行走中完成了空间站防太空垃圾设备搭建、设备检查等任务，其约9小时的出舱时长打破了神舟十八号的纪录；文章还指出航天员需具备专业技能与协作能力，而神舟十九号任务是中国航天探索技术持续进步的体现之一，彰显了国家科技实力，让国人深感自豪。 1.前文提到任务之一是安装抵御太空垃圾的专用设备，D选项中“This special equipment”正好指代上文设备，介绍该装置的防护作用，后一句“It’s like a protective shield”继续对设备进行比喻说明，前后衔接紧密。 2.前句说明宇航员要仔细检查、处理舱外仪器设备，A选项“他们检查每一处部件，确保设备正常运转”是对检修工作的具体展开，同时和后文“任何小故障都会引发大麻烦”形成逻辑关联。 3.空格为本段首句，后文介绍此前神舟十八号8.5小时的旧纪录，F选项点明神舟十九号出舱时长9小时，创下全新纪录，与后文旧纪录形成对比，开启本段纪录话题。 4.前半句指出航天员除操作技术外，还需要良好的团队协作能力，B选项“在空旷的太空环境中，他们彼此依靠”，进一步解释团队合作的必要性，语义顺承。 5.前文总说中国航天事业收获丰硕成果，E选项表达这让人们为国家科技实力感到自豪，承接前文成就，自然引出结尾神舟十九号是航天进步的有力佐证。 七、阅读理解。 JIUQUAN SATELLITE LAUNCH CENTER, China China sends off its youngest-ever team for its space station on Thursday. It is part of the country’s plan to put astronauts on the moon before 2030. The China Manned Space Agency said the average（平均的） age of the three﹣member team is the youngest since the launch of the space station. Their average age is 38, state media China Daily said. The three astronauts are Tang Hongbo, and Jiang Xinlin. They will replace a team that has been on the station for six months. The new team will perform experiments in space medicine, space technology（设备） inside and outside the station. In 2022, the Chinese government built its own space station after it was not permitted to join the U. S. led International Space Station. The Americans worried that the Chinese space program was under the control of the People’s Liberation Army.      China’s first manned space mission（任务） in 2003 made it the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U.S. to put a person into space using its own resources. Although the American space program is believed to be far ahead of China at this time, China has made some important steps. They include bringing back samples（样本） from the moon’s surface for the first time and landing a vehicle（运载工具）, meanwhile, aims to put astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025. In addition to their moon programs, the two countries have also independently（独立地） landed vehicles on Mars. And China plans to follow the U. S. in landing a spacecraft on an asteroid（行星）. 1．When does China plan to put astronauts on the moon? A．Before 2030. B．Before 2025. C．Before 2040. D．Before 2050. 2．What can we learn about the three astronauts? A．They stayed at the station for six months. B．They will do experiments in different areas. C．They are the youngest astronauts at the age of 38. D．They will use the equipment to repair the station. 3．Why did China build its own space station? A．China was controlled by the American space program. B．China wanted to challenge the US in space exploration. C．China wanted to have control over American space program. D．China was not allowed to join the International Space Station. 4．Which is the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．China lands a vehicle on the far side of the moon. B．China brings back samples from the moon’s surface. C．China has taken important steps in space exploration. D．China put astronauts on the moon’s surface before 2030. 5．What have both the U. S. and China achieved in their space programs? A．They landed vehicles on Mars independently. B．They built a joint International Space Station. C．They landed a spacecraft on an asteroid. D．They launched their first manned space missions. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球，并介绍了中国自己建立太空站的原因。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is part of the country’s plan to put astronauts on the moon before 2030.“可知这是该国在2030年前将宇航员送上月球计划的一部分, 中国计划在2030年之前把宇航员送上月球。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The new team will perform experiments in space medicine, space technology（设备） inside and outside the station.”可知他们将在不同的地方做实验。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 2022, the Chinese government built its own space station after it was not permitted to join the U. S. led International Space Station.”可知因为中国没有被允许加入美国领导的国际空间站，所以中国建了自己的空间站。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“China has made some important steps”可知本段主要讲述了中国在太空探索方面取得的进展。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“In addition to their moon programs, the two countries have also independently（独立地） landed vehicles on Mars.”可知中国和美国已经都独立地在火星上着陆了飞行器。故选A。 八、完形填空。 阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 China has made great achievements in space exploration. In 2021, the Tianwen-1 probe successfully 1 on Mars, making China the second country to land a rover on the red planet. The rover was named Zhurong, after a 2 from ancient Chinese stories. The name Zhurong shows the spirit of Chinese people. In the story, Zhurong is the god of fire. He 3 light and warmth to humans. By naming the rover Zhurong, scientists hope it can also bring 4 knowledge about Mars. The Mars mission was very 5 . The probe traveled about 470 million kilometers. It took nearly seven months to reach Mars. The landing process was called the “seven minutes of 6 ” because it was so difficult. Zhurong had to slow down from 20,000 km/h to zero in just seven minutes. After landing, Zhurong worked on Mars for more than 300 days. It sent back many photos and valuable 7 . Scientists learned that there might have been water on Mars a long time ago. China’s space program is developing 8 . In the future, China plans to build a research station on the moon and send astronauts to Mars. Young people are 9 by these achievements to study science and help the country go 10 in space. 1．A．landed B．fell C．climbed D．jumped 2．A．place B．animal C．person D．plant 3．A．hides B．brings C．throws D．borrows 4．A．new B．old C．wrong D．little 5．A．easy B．boring C．dangerous D．challenging 6．A．peace B．danger C．risk D．joy 7．A．money B．time C．information D．energy 8．A．slowly B．quickly C．badly D．carefully 9．A．inspired B．forced C．stopped D．troubled 10．A．farther B．closer C．shorter D．higher 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍中国天问一号成功着陆火星及祝融号的工作成果，展现中国太空计划快速发展，激励青少年投身科学探索。 【详解】1．句意：2021年，天问一号探测器成功着陆火星，使中国成为第二个在这颗红色星球上着陆火星车的国家。 后文说“第二个在这颗红色星球上着陆火星车的国家”，所以天问一号探测器应是“着陆”火星。应选用landed。 2．句意：这辆火星车以中国古代故事中的一个人物命名为“祝融”。 第二段提到“祝融是火神”，属于神话“人物”。应选用person。 3．句意：他给人类带来光明和温暖。 前文说“祝融是火神”，火神的作用是“带来”光明和温暖。应选用brings。 4．句意：通过将火星车命名为“祝融”，科学家们希望它也能带来关于火星的新知识。 第一段提到“天问一号成功着陆火星，中国成为第二个在火星上着陆火星车的国家”，说明此前人类对火星已有一些了解，祝融的任务是带来“新的”有关火星的知识。应选用new。 5．句意：火星任务非常具有挑战性。 后文说探测器飞行了约4.7亿公里，耗时近七个月，说明任务难度很大，很“有挑战性”。应选用challenging。 6．句意：着陆过程被称为“惊险的七分钟”，因为它非常困难。 后文说七分钟内要从时速2万公里降到零，说明充满“危险”。应选用danger。 7．句意：它传回了许多照片和宝贵的信息。 根据“It sent back many photos and valuable...”，传回照片和宝贵的“信息”。应选用information。 8．句意：中国的太空项目正在快速发展。 上文提到“天问一号成功着陆火星”、“祝融号工作了300多天并传回宝贵信息”，下文说“未来中国计划在月球建立研究站并送宇航员上火星”。从过去已取得的成就到未来的宏伟计划，说明中国太空项目的发展速度很“快”。应选用quickly。 9．句意：年轻人受到这些成就的激励，学习科学，帮助国家在太空领域走得更远。 根据“Young people are...by these achievements to study science”，年轻人被成就“激励”去学习科学。应选用inspired。 10．句意：年轻人受到这些成就的激励，学习科学，帮助国家在太空领域走得更远。 根据“help the country go...in space”，帮助国家在太空领域走得“更远”。应选用farther。 Part 1: Read and Explore China’s Space Station Welcomes First “Mouse Astronauts” Do you want to be the visitor of China’s Space Station? China’s Shenzhou-21 spacecraft is going to do something great: send four mice into space! This is a special mission in China’s space history, as these are the first small rodent (啮齿类) animals sent by our country’s spacecraft. Many people are excited about this news. This 5-7 day task marks major progress in the country’s space biology research and helps us learn more about living beyond Earth. The journey began with 300 mice, which were narrowed down over 60 days of strict tests. To get their chance, the mice had to stay on a spinning rod (旋转杆) for 110 seconds to show their stamina (耐力). They also spun in different directions to avoid space sickness. In the end, only two males and two females were chosen for the mission. These black mice have very similar DNA, which makes their test results more dependable. Their space home is a special place with temperature control, clean air, changing light, automatic (自动化的) food and water, and even a spring for them to dig in, just like they do on Earth. Once in space, the mice will live on a research place sent up earlier by the Tianzhou-9. Scientists on Earth will watch them closely to study them. They will also explore how space affect DNA . Since mice share 85% of their DNA with humans, the findings will help keep astronauts safe on long tasks. This research also supports China’s plan to land on the moon by 2030 and explore Mars later. After the space trip, the mice will be brought back to Earth for further research. This will pave the way for deeper human space exploration. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking 1. Why do scientists carry out experiments with mice in the space station? ________________________________________________________________________ 2. What progress can China make from this special mouse mission? ________________________________________________________________________ 3. This biology experiment is very important.（用it作形式主语改写句子） ________________________________________________________. Task 2: Complete the chart below Time & Moment Related facts People’s feelings Before the space task 300 mice took strict tests for over two months 1. ___________________ When the news of “mouse astronauts” came out People learned the first rodent animals will go to space 2. ___________________ After the mice return to Earth Scientists will do further study and plan moon & Mars exploration 3. ___________________ Task 3: Grammar & Creative Writing 根据短文提示，用括号内单词的适当形式填空： Point 1: Four mice _______________ (send) into space by Shenzhou-21. Point 2: The mice _______________ (watch) closely by ground scientists in space. Point 3: Valuable DNA research results _______________ (collect) after the mice return to Earth. Point 4: New ways to protect astronauts _______________ (find) from this biology experiment. 【答案】 Task 1 1. Because mice share 85% of their DNA with humans, and the study helps protect astronauts on long space tasks. 2. It will push forward space biology research and lay the foundation for China’s moon landing and Mars exploration plans. 3. It is very important to do this biology experiment. Task 2 1. Nervous and Careful 2.Excited and surprised 3.Hopeful and confident Task 3 1. will be sent 2. will be watched 3. will be collected 4. will be found ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $