Unit 3 课时1 Section A 1a-1d（分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit3课时1分层同步练，通过A/B/C/拓展四层设计，实现从词汇句型基础到语篇综合应用的递进，适配新授课巩固与中考衔接需求，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇与基础句型|单词/词组默写、简单句补全，强化语言能力基础| |B组|语法规则与短文应用|语法填空（动词时态等）、选词填空，衔接基础与综合| |C组|语篇理解与思维|完形填空（上下文推理）、阅读理解（细节与主旨），提升思维品质| |拓展|中考真题综合|中考阅读真题，链接升学测评，发展学习能力|

Unit 3 Smart Learning 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 note n. 笔记 review v. 复习 test v. 自测；检测 project n. 课题；项目 goal n. 目标 mind n. 头脑 weak adj. 薄弱的 experiment n. 实验 connect v. 联系；关联 句型 1.I usually take notes and create mind maps when I study all subjects. 我学习各科时经常记笔记并绘制思维导图。 2.This learning app can find your weak points and offer advice to improve them. 这款学习软件能找出你的薄弱点，并给出针对性提升建议。 3.Peter connects physics with daily life by doing lots of hands-on experiments. 彼得通过大量实操实验，把物理知识和日常生活联系起来。 4.I study math by reviewing key ideas and testing myself after class. 我靠课后复习重点、自我检测的方式学习数学。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.______ n. 笔记 2.______ v. 复习 3.______ adj. 薄弱的 4.______ n. 实验 5.______ v. 联系；关联 6.______ n. 目标 二、词组默写 1.记笔记 __________ 2.复习重点内容 __________ 3.绘制思维导图 __________ 4.找出薄弱知识点 __________ 5.动手做实验 __________ 6.设定学习目标 __________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 很多学生会通过自测、查阅学习网站的方式弥补自己各科薄弱之处。 Many students test themselves and use online tools to ____________ in all school subjects. 2. 我们可以小组合作完成调研课题，一起梳理课本里的核心知识点。 We can ____________ to finish research projects and sort out key knowledge together. 3. 实操实验可以帮助我们把抽象的物理知识和身边日常事物紧密关联起来。 Hands-on experiments help us ____________ with simple things we see every day. 一、语法填空。 （25-26九年级上·湖南衡阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号里单词的正确形式填空。 Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so 1 (quick) that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid 2 (ask) questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just 3 (hide) behind my textbook and never said anything. Then one day I watched 4 English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love 5 this exciting and funny movie! So I 6 (begin) to watch other English movies, too. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me 7 (get) the meaning. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My 8 (pronounce) improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. I also learned useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I did not understand these sentences at first. But I wanted to understand the story, so I looked 9 (they) up in an English dictionary. Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so 10 I can have a better understanding of English movies. 二、选词填空。 （25-26九年级上·河南开封·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 because     find     quick      with     they boring     help     escape     part     survey Grammar is a part of language learning. Some students are very interested in 1 out grammar rules. They like doing lots of grammar exercises while others hate grammar and think it is the most 2 part of learning a new language. In fact you can’t 3 from grammar. Without rules, we would not be able to communicate 4 other people. Think about grammar. Some 5 of grammar are the same or very similar to your language. Be aware of  (注意) differences and similarities. You will probably learn the rules more 6 . Read a number of English books. This may sound strange, but in fact all the time you are reading English, you are learning correct grammar that will help you in your writing and speaking. Reading more 7 you express your ideas in correct grammar. Do some grammar exercises. Buy several grammar exercises books and do 8 another time in your study time. Write out some sentences of your own. Try to follow the same rules you are learning. According to a 9 , a Chinese student is supposed to do at least 2-3 grammar books in each grade. Though sometimes learning grammar seems boring, you must keep up your spirits 10 you need it to pass all exams to a higher education level. 一、完形填空 （25-26九年级上·河北衡水·期中）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “Don’t forget to study for the history test.” Mrs. Green said to the class. Julie closed her book and sighed (叹息). She was a good group leader and could organize all kinds of activities 1 she wasn’t good at history at all. The next day, she went to the library and tried to remember all the 2 facts and dates. But it was not easy. Just then Julie looked up and found Maria sitting nearby. Besides Maria’s book, there were some cards. Each card showed a colourful 3 . Julie asked, “Are you studying history?” “Yes. This is 4 the way I study.” Maria said. “To memorize things, I have to be 5 . I like art and the pictures can help me remember facts more quickly.” “I see,” said Julie. Suddenly, an 6 came into her mind. When she organized activities, she made a plan for each step. Then she used a mind map to 7 these steps with each other. “Hey, Maria,” said Julie. “How about this: I 8 these historical events into different kinds and use a mind map to connect each one together. And you draw the pictures to explain and help us remember.” “That will be cool. Let’s start 9 !” Maria said. “Sure,” said Julie. At that time, learning didn’t seem so 10 . All in all, what you need to do is to find what you are good at and make full use of it. 1．A．so B．or C．and D．but 2．A．absent B．direct C．historical D．scientific 3．A．project B．picture C．form D．material 4．A．hardly B．exactly C．suddenly D．luckily 5．A．fair B．silent C．polite D．creative 6．A．idea B．ability C．article D．influence 7．A．help B．take C．explain D．connect 8．A．turn B．carry C．divide D．translate 9．A．at once B．at last C．in fact D．in total 10．A．wide B．popular C．difficult D．private 二、阅读理解。 （25-26九年级上·辽宁葫芦岛·期中）You learn new words every day. Have you ever wondered how the English language got so many words and different spellings? Or why do some words with the same spelling sound so different? There are only twenty-six letters in English, but the language has over a million words. Why is that? This is partly because those 26 letters create 44 sounds, and those 44 sounds have 256 different spelling choices! Most of English words are formed from old Latin roots (拉丁语词根). For example, the Latin root audio, meaning to hear, has created hundreds of English words. And many English words come from Greek, too. The Greek root graph, meaning to write or to draw, has given English many words like photograph and geography. Greek and Latin are not the only reason for the different words and spellings. English has “borrowed” words from many other languages. The pronunciations of these words are very similar to the original (原始的) ones. For example, chow mein from Chinese, confetti from Italian, and chauffeur from French. These are just a few examples of the “borrowed” words in English. Finding the source (来源) of words will help you to understand why sounds are spelled differently. As an example, the word ship and sugar both have sh sound, but they are spelled differently. It’s because ship came from the German word schiff and sugar was from an Indian word carkara. Different sources make them have different spellings with the same sound. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic (主题) in Paragraph 1? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By making conversations. 2．The underlined word chow mein may sound like ________ in Chinese. A．Chao mian B．Mi xian C．Hun dun D．Tang yuan 3．Which language do most English words come from? A．Greek. B．Latin. C．Italian. D．French. 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．There are 256 words in English. B．The Latin root audio means to write. C．All the English words are borrowed. D．The sources of ship and sugar are different. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）16 winners from 12 countries were awarded at the 18th Special Book Awards of China held in Beijing in June 2025. Aleksei Rodionov, professor of Chinese studies at Saint Petersburg University, is a winner of the award in translating. This award is the highest national award. It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. “As a sinologist (汉学家) and translator of Chinese literature, this award will encourage me to do more and do better in promoting cultural exchanges between Russia and China,” said the professor. Rodionov said that he feels a special connection with China when he thought about his journey in Chinese literature. “I was born on the Russian-Chinese border. From the moment I was born, I had a connection with China. As someone with a great interest in foreign languages, I naturally chose to learn Chinese. That’s how I started the journey of studying the Chinese language and literature,” he noted. To the professor, translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task. “Translating Chinese literary (文学的) works is my lifelong calling. It brings me joy and gives my life a deeper sense of purpose,” he said. For decades, Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature, having translated 26 works by Chinese authors such as Lao She. “Literary works are an important gateway to understanding Chinese culture and the Chinese people. They are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds. In Russia, authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua are very popular,” said the professor. 1．What was Aleksei Rodionov awarded for? A．Translating Chinese literature. B．Studying the Chinese language. C．Teaching Russian in China. D．Publishing a book in Chinese. 2．What do we know about the award? A．It is held in Beijing every three years. B．It is the highest national award in Russia. C．It encourages Chinese writers, translators and publishers. D．It praises foreigners’ efforts in spreading Chinese culture. 3．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Rodionov’s research into Chinese literature. B．Rodionov’s understanding of translation. C．Rodionov’s experiences of learning Chinese. D．Rodionov’s findings of Russian readers. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Connected by Literature B．Comparing Cultural Differences C．Rodionov’s Learning Journey in China D．Rodionov’s Exchange Program with China $Unit 3 Smart Learning 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 note n. 笔记 review v. 复习 test v. 自测；检测 project n. 课题；项目 goal n. 目标 mind n. 头脑 weak adj. 薄弱的 experiment n. 实验 connect v. 联系；关联 句型 1.I usually take notes and create mind maps when I study all subjects. 我学习各科时经常记笔记并绘制思维导图。 2.This learning app can find your weak points and offer advice to improve them. 这款学习软件能找出你的薄弱点，并给出针对性提升建议。 3.Peter connects physics with daily life by doing lots of hands-on experiments. 彼得通过大量实操实验，把物理知识和日常生活联系起来。 4.I study math by reviewing key ideas and testing myself after class. 我靠课后复习重点、自我检测的方式学习数学。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.______ n. 笔记 2.______ v. 复习 3.______ adj. 薄弱的 4.______ n. 实验 5.______ v. 联系；关联 6.______ n. 目标 【答案】1.note 2. review 3. weak 4. experiment 5. connect 6. goal 二、词组默写 1.记笔记 __________ 2.复习重点内容 __________ 3.绘制思维导图 __________ 4.找出薄弱知识点 __________ 5.动手做实验 __________ 6.设定学习目标 __________ 【答案】 1.take notes 2.review key ideas 3.create mind maps 4.find your weak points 5.do hands-on experiments 6.set learning goals 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 很多学生会通过自测、查阅学习网站的方式弥补自己各科薄弱之处。 Many students test themselves and use online tools to ____________ in all school subjects. 【答案】fix their weak points 2. 我们可以小组合作完成调研课题，一起梳理课本里的核心知识点。 We can ____________ to finish research projects and sort out key knowledge together. 【答案】work in groups or teams 3. 实操实验可以帮助我们把抽象的物理知识和身边日常事物紧密关联起来。 Hands-on experiments help us ____________ with simple things we see every day. 【答案】connect physics knowledge closely 一、语法填空。 （25-26九年级上·湖南衡阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号里单词的正确形式填空。 Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so 1 (quick) that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid 2 (ask) questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just 3 (hide) behind my textbook and never said anything. Then one day I watched 4 English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love 5 this exciting and funny movie! So I 6 (begin) to watch other English movies, too. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me 7 (get) the meaning. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My 8 (pronounce) improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. I also learned useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I did not understand these sentences at first. But I wanted to understand the story, so I looked 9 (they) up in an English dictionary. Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so 10 I can have a better understanding of English movies. 【答案】 1．quickly 2．to ask 3．hid 4．an 5．with 6．began 7．get/to get 8．pronunciation 9．them 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者原本惧怕英语课，后来通过观看英文电影找到学习英语的乐趣与方法，如今爱上英语学习的经历。 1．句意：老师说得太快，大部分内容我都听不懂。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语修饰动词spoke；标志结构so…that…，提示语义为“说得快”；修饰动词要用副词，quick的副词形式为quickly。 2．句意：我害怕提问，因为我的发音很差。固定搭配be afraid to do sth，意为“害怕做某事”，故填to ask。 3．句意：我只会躲在课本后面，一言不发。全文时态为一般过去时，and后动词said为过去式，时态统一；hide的过去式为hid。 4．句意：后来有一天，我看了一部名叫《玩具总动员》的英文电影。此处泛指“一部电影”，movie为可数名词单数，English元音音素开头；元音音素开头单词前用不定冠词an。 5．句意：我爱上这部刺激又有趣的电影。固定搭配fall in love with表示“爱上……”，故填with。 6．句意：于是我也开始看其他英文电影。全句子时态为一般过去时，begin的过去式为began。 7．句意：虽然我不能听懂人物说的所有话，但他们的肢体语言和面部表情帮我理解意思。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth，to可省略，故填get/to get。 8．句意：通过听英文电影里的对话，我的发音也进步了。形容词性物主代词My后接名词，括号提示词pronounce；pronounce的名词形式pronunciation表示“发音”。 9．句意：但我想弄懂这个故事，于是我在英语词典里查阅它们。该处需一个人称代词宾格，在句中作looked up的宾语；动词短语后用人称代词宾格，they的宾格形式为them。 10．句意：我想要学习新单词和更多语法，这样我就能更好地看懂英文电影。该处需连词，引导目的状语从句；固定结构so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便、为了”，故填that。 二、选词填空。 （25-26九年级上·河南开封·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 because     find     quick      with     they boring     help     escape     part     survey Grammar is a part of language learning. Some students are very interested in 1 out grammar rules. They like doing lots of grammar exercises while others hate grammar and think it is the most 2 part of learning a new language. In fact you can’t 3 from grammar. Without rules, we would not be able to communicate 4 other people. Think about grammar. Some 5 of grammar are the same or very similar to your language. Be aware of  (注意) differences and similarities. You will probably learn the rules more 6 . Read a number of English books. This may sound strange, but in fact all the time you are reading English, you are learning correct grammar that will help you in your writing and speaking. Reading more 7 you express your ideas in correct grammar. Do some grammar exercises. Buy several grammar exercises books and do 8 another time in your study time. Write out some sentences of your own. Try to follow the same rules you are learning. According to a 9 , a Chinese student is supposed to do at least 2-3 grammar books in each grade. Though sometimes learning grammar seems boring, you must keep up your spirits 10 you need it to pass all exams to a higher education level. 【答案】 1．finding 2．boring 3．escape 4．with 5．parts 6．quickly 7．helps 8．them 9．survey 10．because 【导语】本文主要阐述语法是语言学习不可或缺的部分，有人喜爱语法有人觉得枯燥，但我们无法避开语法，并给出三条学好语法的实用方法。最后提醒学生坚持学语法，因为升学考试离不开它。 1．句意：一些学生热衷于钻研语法规则。根据后文“They like doing lots of grammar exercises”可知，此处表示有些学生喜欢发现语法规则。find out固定搭配，意为“查明，找出” 。空格前为固定搭配be interested in doing sth.意为“对……感兴趣”，需用动名词，应填finding。 2．句意：他们喜欢做大量语法练习题然而另一些学生讨厌语法，认为它是学习一门新语言最枯燥的部分。根据前文“others hate grammar”可知，此处表示其他学生觉得语法最无聊，应填boring。 3．句意：事实上，你根本无法避开语法。根据后文“Without rules, we would not be able to communicate”可知，语法是无法避免的，空格前“can’t”后面接动词原形，应填escape。 4．句意：如果没有语法规则，我们就无法和他人沟通。此处为固定搭配communicate with sb.意为“和某人交流”，应填with。 5．句意：语法里有一些内容和你的母语相同或十分相近。根据后文“Be aware of differences and similarities”可知，语法和我们的母语是有相似的部分的，空格前“some”后面接名词复数形式，应填“part”的复数形式parts。 6．句意：你或许能更快掌握这些语法规则。根据前文“Be aware of differences and similarities”可知，找到了语法和我们母语相似的部分，我们就能更快地学会这些语法。此处需用副词修饰前面的动词“learn”，应填quickly。 7．句意：大量阅读能帮你用正确的语法表达想法。根据常识可知，大量的阅读对语言学习是有帮助的。动名词“Reading more”作主语视为第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语用三单，应填helps。 8．句意：买几本语法练习册，在学习间隙完成这些习题。此处指代前文提到的“several grammar-exercises books”，放在动词“do”后面用宾格，应填“they”的宾格them。 9．句意：一项调查显示，中国学生每个年级至少要做完2至3本语法练习册。后文“a Chinese student is supposed to do at least 2-3 grammar books in each grade.”陈述的是一个调查的结果，此处为固定搭配according to a survey意为“根据一项调查”，空格前“a”后面用名词单数，应填survey。 10．句意：尽管有时学习语法看起来枯燥乏味，但你必须坚持下去，因为想要通过升学考试获得更高层次的教育，语法是必不可少的。前文“you must keep up your spirit”和后文“you need it to pass all exams to a higher education level.”为因果关系，应填because。 一、完形填空 （25-26九年级上·河北衡水·期中）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 “Don’t forget to study for the history test.” Mrs. Green said to the class. Julie closed her book and sighed (叹息). She was a good group leader and could organize all kinds of activities 1 she wasn’t good at history at all. The next day, she went to the library and tried to remember all the 2 facts and dates. But it was not easy. Just then Julie looked up and found Maria sitting nearby. Besides Maria’s book, there were some cards. Each card showed a colourful 3 . Julie asked, “Are you studying history?” “Yes. This is 4 the way I study.” Maria said. “To memorize things, I have to be 5 . I like art and the pictures can help me remember facts more quickly.” “I see,” said Julie. Suddenly, an 6 came into her mind. When she organized activities, she made a plan for each step. Then she used a mind map to 7 these steps with each other. “Hey, Maria,” said Julie. “How about this: I 8 these historical events into different kinds and use a mind map to connect each one together. And you draw the pictures to explain and help us remember.” “That will be cool. Let’s start 9 !” Maria said. “Sure,” said Julie. At that time, learning didn’t seem so 10 . All in all, what you need to do is to find what you are good at and make full use of it. 1．A．so B．or C．and D．but 2．A．absent B．direct C．historical D．scientific 3．A．project B．picture C．form D．material 4．A．hardly B．exactly C．suddenly D．luckily 5．A．fair B．silent C．polite D．creative 6．A．idea B．ability C．article D．influence 7．A．help B．take C．explain D．connect 8．A．turn B．carry C．divide D．translate 9．A．at once B．at last C．in fact D．in total 10．A．wide B．popular C．difficult D．private 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述Julie不擅长历史，受Maria启发，结合各自优势合作学习，发现学习变容易的故事。 1．句意：她是一个很好的组长，可以组织各种活动，但她根本不擅长历史。 根据前后句意可知，擅长组织活动与不擅长历史之间是转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。so所以，or或者，and和，不符合语境。 2．句意：第二天，她去图书馆试图记住所有的历史事实和日期。 根据上文“study for the history test”可知，她要记忆的是历史事实，historical“历史的”符合语境。absent缺席的，direct直接的，scientific科学的，不符合语境。 3．句意：每张卡片上都展示着一幅彩色的图片。 根据下文“I like art and the pictures can help me”可知，卡片上是图片，picture“图片”符合语境。project项目，form形式，material材料，不符合语境。 4．句意：这正是我学习的方式。 根据“This is... the way I study”可知，Maria强调这正是她的方法，exactly“确切地”符合语境。hardly几乎不，suddenly突然，luckily幸运地，不符合语境。 5．句意：为了记住东西，我必须有创造力。 根据“I like art and the pictures can help me”可知，利用艺术记忆需要创造力，creative“有创造力的”符合语境。fair公平的，silent沉默的，polite有礼貌的，不符合语境。 6．句意：突然，一个主意涌上她的脑海。 根据“came into her mind”及下文提出的合作计划可知，是想到了主意，idea“主意”符合语境。ability能力，article文章，influence影响，不符合语境。 7．句意：然后她用思维导图把这些步骤相互连接起来。 根据“use a mind map to... with each other”可知，思维导图用于连接步骤，connect“连接”符合语境。help帮助，take拿，explain解释，不符合语境。 8．句意：这样怎么样：我把这些历史事件分为不同的类型，并使用思维导图将每一个连接在一起。 根据“into different kinds”可知，是将事件分类，即分开，divide“分开”符合语境。turn转动，carry携带，translate翻译，不符合语境。 9．句意：让我们立刻开始吧！ 根据“Let’s start”及语境可知，两人决定马上行动，at once“立刻”符合语境，at last最后，in fact事实上，in total总共，不符合语境。 10．句意：那时，学习似乎没那么困难了。 根据上文“But it was not easy”及找到方法后可知，学习不再困难，difficult“困难的”符合语境。wide宽的，popular流行的，private私人的，不符合语境。 二、阅读理解。 （25-26九年级上·辽宁葫芦岛·期中）You learn new words every day. Have you ever wondered how the English language got so many words and different spellings? Or why do some words with the same spelling sound so different? There are only twenty-six letters in English, but the language has over a million words. Why is that? This is partly because those 26 letters create 44 sounds, and those 44 sounds have 256 different spelling choices! Most of English words are formed from old Latin roots (拉丁语词根). For example, the Latin root audio, meaning to hear, has created hundreds of English words. And many English words come from Greek, too. The Greek root graph, meaning to write or to draw, has given English many words like photograph and geography. Greek and Latin are not the only reason for the different words and spellings. English has “borrowed” words from many other languages. The pronunciations of these words are very similar to the original (原始的) ones. For example, chow mein from Chinese, confetti from Italian, and chauffeur from French. These are just a few examples of the “borrowed” words in English. Finding the source (来源) of words will help you to understand why sounds are spelled differently. As an example, the word ship and sugar both have sh sound, but they are spelled differently. It’s because ship came from the German word schiff and sugar was from an Indian word carkara. Different sources make them have different spellings with the same sound. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic (主题) in Paragraph 1? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By making conversations. 2．The underlined word chow mein may sound like ________ in Chinese. A．Chao mian B．Mi xian C．Hun dun D．Tang yuan 3．Which language do most English words come from? A．Greek. B．Latin. C．Italian. D．French. 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．There are 256 words in English. B．The Latin root audio means to write. C．All the English words are borrowed. D．The sources of ship and sugar are different. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了英语词汇数量庞大、来源多样（拉丁语、希腊语及其他借词），以及词源对拼写和发音的影响，并建议通过寻找词源理解拼写差异。 1．第一段“Have you ever wondered how the English language got so many words and different spellings? Or why do some words with the same spelling sound so different?”，可知作者使用提问方式引入话题。 2．第四段提到借词“chow mein from Chinese”，其发音与中文“炒面”相似，故对应“Chao mian”。 3．第三段明确说明“Most of English words are formed from old Latin roots”，因此大部分英语词汇来自拉丁语。 4．第五段指出“ship came from the German word schiff and sugar was from Indian word carkara”，说明两者来源不同。 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）16 winners from 12 countries were awarded at the 18th Special Book Awards of China held in Beijing in June 2025. Aleksei Rodionov, professor of Chinese studies at Saint Petersburg University, is a winner of the award in translating. This award is the highest national award. It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. “As a sinologist (汉学家) and translator of Chinese literature, this award will encourage me to do more and do better in promoting cultural exchanges between Russia and China,” said the professor. Rodionov said that he feels a special connection with China when he thought about his journey in Chinese literature. “I was born on the Russian-Chinese border. From the moment I was born, I had a connection with China. As someone with a great interest in foreign languages, I naturally chose to learn Chinese. That’s how I started the journey of studying the Chinese language and literature,” he noted. To the professor, translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task. “Translating Chinese literary (文学的) works is my lifelong calling. It brings me joy and gives my life a deeper sense of purpose,” he said. For decades, Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature, having translated 26 works by Chinese authors such as Lao She. “Literary works are an important gateway to understanding Chinese culture and the Chinese people. They are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds. In Russia, authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua are very popular,” said the professor. 1．What was Aleksei Rodionov awarded for? A．Translating Chinese literature. B．Studying the Chinese language. C．Teaching Russian in China. D．Publishing a book in Chinese. 2．What do we know about the award? A．It is held in Beijing every three years. B．It is the highest national award in Russia. C．It encourages Chinese writers, translators and publishers. D．It praises foreigners’ efforts in spreading Chinese culture. 3．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Rodionov’s research into Chinese literature. B．Rodionov’s understanding of translation. C．Rodionov’s experiences of learning Chinese. D．Rodionov’s findings of Russian readers. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Connected by Literature B．Comparing Cultural Differences C．Rodionov’s Learning Journey in China D．Rodionov’s Exchange Program with China 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述2025年6月第十八届中华图书特殊贡献奖在北京颁奖，俄罗斯汉学家Rodionov获翻译奖。他自幼与中国结缘，深耕中文文学翻译数十年，致力于中俄文化交流。 1．根据第一段第二句“Aleksei Rodionov...is a winner of the award in translating.”以及倒数第二段“Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature”可知，他获奖是因为“翻译中国文学作品”。 2．根据第二段第二句“It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries.”可知，该奖项旨在“赞扬外国人在传播中国文化方面的努力”。 3．第五段主要引用了教授的话，提到“translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task ”以及“lifelong calling”，因此第五段主要阐述了“他对翻译工作的理解”。 4．文章主要讲述了Rodionov通过翻译中国文学作品获得奖项，并促进了中俄文化交流。最后一段提到“Literary works...are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds.” ，因此选项A“Connected by Literature”最能概括文章关于文学促进文化交流的主题。 $