Unit 4 Inventions 知识清单 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语Unit 4 Inventions知识清单围绕“人与社会：发明与技术进步”主题，以核心问题“How do inventions change the world?”为引领，涵盖核心词汇、重点短语、句型及语法等内容，搭建从基础语言积累到综合运用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类梳理（词汇含拓展与例句、语法聚焦不规则比较级等）、分级检测（自我检测从单词填空到句子创作）呈现知识体系，晨读默写清单强化高频考点，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。设计暑假预习等多场景适用，自我检测含20题分层练习，助力学生自主巩固，教师可据此精准教学提升实效。

Unit 4 Inventions 知识清单 沪教版初中英语八年级上册新教材 单元主题 人与社会:发明与技术进步 核心问题 How do inventions change the world? 语言目标 能介绍重要发明及其影响;能使用不规则比较级和 as ... as;能谈论有趣发明;能写一篇关于新发明的文章。 适用场景 暑假预习、晨读背诵、单元复习、考前过关 一、单元核心词汇 单词 词义 拓展 例句 wheel n. 轮;车轮 the wonder of the wheel The wheel is an important invention. although conj. 虽然 although 不与 but 连用 Although it is simple, it changed the world. attach v. 固定;附上 attach ... to ... People attached wheels to vehicles. international adj. 国际的 international trade The wheel helped international trade. technique n. 技巧;技艺 printing technique Movable type was a great technique. depend v. 依靠 depend on Modern life depends on inventions. doubt n. 疑问 without doubt The wheel is without doubt important. benefit n. 益处 beneficial adj. A good invention brings benefits. distance n. 距离 long distance It can travel a long distance. avoid v. 避免 avoid doing sth. The invention helps avoid traffic jams. notice v. 注意到 notice sb. do/doing People noticed this useful invention. metal n. 金属 metal type 活字 Movable type was made of metal. 二、重点短语 steam locomotive 蒸汽机车 crewed spacecraft 载人航天器 a number of 几个;若干 take place 发生 for instance 例如 large amounts of 大量 international trade 国际贸易 depend on 依靠 without doubt 毫无疑问 of all time 有史以来 make fun of 取笑 traffic jam 交通阻塞 三、重点句型 The wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time. Although the wheel is simple, it changed human life. A number of important inventions took place in history. Modern life depends on many inventions. Without doubt, good inventions bring benefits to people. The new invention is as useful as a smartphone. This machine is not as expensive as that one. A good invention can help people avoid problems. 四、语法聚焦:good/bad/far;(not) as ... as 项目 清单内容 不规则比较级 good/well-better-best; bad/ill-worse-worst; far-farther/further。 as ... as 表示两者在某方面相同:as useful as。 not as ... as 表示不如:not as expensive as。 although 引导让步状语从句,不与 but 同时使用。 比较表达 much/even/a little 可修饰比较级。 五、晨读默写清单 good-better-best bad-worse-worst far-farther/further as ... as not as ... as depend on without doubt of all time avoid doing sth. although + 从句 六、自我检测 1. The w_ is an important invention. 2. Modern life d_ on many inventions. 3. A good invention brings many b_. 4. We should a_ making the same mistake. 5. The machine is made of m_. 6. good 的比较级是 _。 7. bad 的最高级是 _。 8. far 的比较级可写作 _ 或 _。 9. This phone is _ (good) than that one. 10. Plastic may be one of the _ (bad) inventions in some ways. 11. This computer is as _ (useful) as a smartphone. 12. The new bike is not as _ (expensive) as the old one. 13. 依靠;依赖:_ 14. 毫无疑问:_ 15. 有史以来:_ 16. 翻译:虽然轮子很简单,但它改变了世界。_ 17. 翻译:这项发明不如那项发明昂贵。_ 18. 用 as ... as 写一句话:_ 19. 用 not as ... as 写一句话:_ 20. 写一句介绍发明益处的话:_ 参考答案 1 wheel 2 depends 3 benefits 4 avoid 5 metal 6 better 7 worst 8 farther; further 9 better 10 worst 11 useful 12 expensive 13 depend on 14 without doubt 15 of all time 16 Although the wheel is simple, it changed the world. 17 This invention is not as expensive as that one. 18 示例:This machine is as useful as a computer. 19 示例:This printer is not as fast as that one. 20 示例:The invention helps people travel faster. 沪教版英语八年级上册知识清单系列 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $