Unit 3 The art of painting 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语（核心语法精练）英语译林版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词-ing/-ed形式作表语，通过“特征-状态”对比法系统构建语法认知，融合多题型训练提升语言运用准确性与语境分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2表格+概念解析|“特征-状态”判断法：v-ing表主语特征（如amazing），v-ed表主语状态（如amazed），结合常见词列表强化记忆|从功能对比（表格呈现成分差异）到作表语专项聚焦，构建“概念-特征-词例”认知链| |考点夯基|单选20题+语法填空15题|语境分析法：通过主语性质（事物/人）判断-ing/-ed形式，结合连系动词搭配（be/become/feel等）|从基础辨析（单选）到语境应用（语法填空），梯度训练核心考点| |综合提升|语法填空2篇+阅读3篇+写作1篇|语篇整合策略：在语篇中识别-ing/-ed作表语的情感/状态表达，写作中运用以增强描述生动性|从单句到语篇，融合文化意识（艺术主题阅读）与语言能力，实现知识迁移|

Unit 3 The art of painting 核心语法精练 (动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语) 目录 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、单句语法填空 4 三、综合提升 5 一、语法填空 5 二、阅读理解 6 三、应用文写作 9 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语时，两者都没有任何形式的变化，但是要注意不规则动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式的正确拼写形式。 动词-ing形式的功能 所能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语 v-ing √ √ √ √ √ √ 说明：①通常我们把作主语、宾语、表语或定语的v-ing形式统称为“动名词”； ②v-ing形式还可以作表语或定语，这时我们又把其称之为“现在分词”； ③v-ing形式作宾语补足语或状语时，我们也把其称之为“现在分词”。 动词-ed形式的功能 所能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语 v-ing × × √ √ √ √ 注：本单元只涉及动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语的语法内容。 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语盘点 情 形 解 读 常见词 动词-ing形式作表语 动词-ing形式作表语, 具有形容词的特征。说明主语所表现出的特征(主语给人的印象)。 absorbing amazing amusing annoying appealing astonishing boring challenging confusing depressing disappointing demanding embarrassing encouraging exciting exhausting fascinating frightening inspiring interesting moving puzzling relaxing satisfying shocking striking surprising thrilling touching tiring worrying ... 动词-ed形式作表语 动词-ed形式作表语，具有形容词的特征。说明主语所处的状态(主语所处的心理状态、所表现出来的感受、情绪或情感)。 absorbed amazed amused annoyed astonished bored broken concerned confused crowded delighted determined devoted disappointed discouraged depressed embarrassed excited exhausted frightened interested lost married moved pleased puzzled relaxed satisfied shocked surprised tired touched worried ... 动词-ed形式作表语除了用在be动词之后, 还可用于become, feel, get, seem/appear, remain, stay等连系动词之后。 一、单项选择 1. — How was your trip to Baotu Spring? — Wonderful! I was ________ to visit such an ________ spring. A. exciting, amazing B. exciting, amazed C. excited, amazing D. excited, amazed 2. We are usually _________ by the ________ performances by the comic master Zhao Benshan. A. amusing, amused B. amused, amused C. amusing, amusing D. amused, amusing 3. The noise is very ________. Peter has become ________. A. annoy, annoying B. annoying, annoyed C. annoyed, annoying D. annoyed, annoy 4. The data collected from the deep- sea expedition was  ________,  revealing species that had never been documented by science before. A. to astonish B. astonishing C. astonished D. having astonished 5. The long speech given by Mr. Smith seemed ________ and endless. He felt so ________ that he nearly fell asleep. A. disappointed, boring B. disappointing, bored C. disappointed, bored D. disappointing, boring 6. Reading body language is not an easy task. It can be ________. A. challenged B. to challenge C. challenging D. being challenging 7. The instruction was ________ that nobody could understand it. A. so confusing B. so confused C. such confusing D. such confused 8. We were ________ at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too ________. A. disappointing, disappointed B. to disappoint, disappointing C. disappointed, to disappoint D. disappointed, disappointing 9. Mary found herself in an ________ position, and therefore she felt rather ________. A. embarrassed, embarrassing, B. embarrassed, embarrassed C. embarrassing, embarrassing D. embarrassing, embarrassed 10. This news sounded ________, and all of us were ________ by it. A. encouraging, encouraging B. encouraged, encouraging C. encouraging, encouraged D. encouraged, encouraged 11. The news was so ________ that everyone present couldn’t help but feel ________. A. excited, exciting B. excited, excited C. exciting, excited D. exciting, exciting 12. —What did you think of the science exhibition? —It was great! Actually, it was ________ than I had imagined. A. such more fascinating B. even more fascinated C. the most fascinating D. far more fascinating 13. I am ________ at the snake because the snake is ________. A. frightened, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, frightened D. frightening, frightening 14. The speech given by the famous scientist was so ________ that all the audience were deeply impressed and lost in thought. A. inspired B. being inspired C. inspiration D. inspiring 15. The movie is really ________. None of us are ________ in it. A. bored, interesting B. boring, interested C. boring, interesting D. bored, interested 16. The shop has remained ________ for two weeks, which is not convenient for the people nearby to buy things. A. shut B. to shut C. shutting D. shuts 17. The window is ________. We need to repair it. A. broken B. break C. to break D. breaking 18. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 19. Please stay ________ until the bus has stopped. A. seated B. seating C. seat D. to seat 20. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. stick D. to have stuck 二、单句语法填空 1. Spending the holidays in Britain wasn’t particularly ________(appeal). 2. She felt deeply ________(depress)after receiving the disappointing news. 3. The work is very ________(demand), but it makes John feel fulfilled. 4. It is ________(relax)to sit by the lake and listen to soft music on a quiet afternoon. 5. Neighbours were ________(shock)that such an attack could happen in their area.   6. Standing by the clear river and enjoying the quiet scenery, we felt fully ________(satisfy)with the harmony between humans and nature. 7. After a day’s hike, they felt ________(exhaust)but extremely ________(satisfy). 8. He looked ________(tire)and sad, obviously disturbed by the news of his mother’s illness. 9. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were ________(worry). 10. The moment she thought of the ________ result, she became ________. (discourage) 11. The team was ________(determine)to win the dragon boat race. 12. As far as I am ________(concern), I have been practicing drums for almost ten years. 13. The movie is quite ________(thrill), which can be judged from their expression after watching it. 14. Blonde and slim, she was too ________(strike)to escape their attention. 15. Why he gave up such a good opportunity at the last minute is extremely ________(puzzle). 一、语法填空 A (改编自25-26高二下·全国·课后作业)The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, which is ___1___(base)on the novel of the same name by Liu Cixin. It ___2___(release)on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year’s Day. After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel ___3___(scare), so they build giant planet thrusters(星球推进器)to move the earth out of its orbit and sail ___4___ to a new star system. The 2,500 years’ journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone’s ___5___(survive). We ___6___(impress)with the theme of this film. It doesn’t particularly show somebody’s ability to save our world ___7___ shows that all the human beings are working together, ___8___(spare)no effort to save this world. The Wandering Earth is seen by people ___9___ the dawn (开端)of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China’s sci-fi movies have ___10___(official)set sail. B (改编自24-25高二下·湖北武汉·阶段检测)Born in the Netherlands in 1883, Van Gogh had always been ___1___(interest) in art and tried to work as a professional painter. His early works ___2___ (characterize)by dark colors until 1886, ___3___ his brother, Theo, invited him to come to live in Paris, where the bright colors of Impressionist art greatly influenced his style. Later, Van Gogh moved to southern France. In 1888, after suffering a mental breakdown, he stayed in a hospital where he painted over 20 versions of ___4___ view from his window, which covered different times and weather conditions, ___5___(create)only one night view. He wrote to Theo: “This morning I saw the countryside… with nothing but the morning star.” This “star” was actually Venus, which inspired him to create his ___6___ (influence)painting, The Starry Night. The Starry Night(1889)describes a dramatic cypress tree stretching upward like flames, imaginary village scenery, and a swirling sky ___7___(fill)with celestial bodies. Though unrealistically adding a village, the painting reveals ___8___ Van Gogh perceived through his “mind’s eye”. The contrast between quiet darkness and dynamic colors ___9___(mirror)his complex genius, proving that true art often goes beyond ___10___(simple)copying reality. 二、阅读理解 A (25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中)Cimabue, the greatest painter of the Middle Ages in Italy, was surprised one day after his lunch break to discover that a fly had seated itself under the nose of a character that he had been working on. He swatted(重拍)at the fly, but it did not move. He reached out to touch the insect, only to find it was only wet paint. Turning around, he saw that his apprentice(学徒), Giotto, was laughing. Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled. Giotto di Bondone was born into a poor family in a village. Legend has it that one day, when Cimabue was wandering around the countryside, he spotted a young shepherd boy drawing pictures of his sheep, which were so vivid that Cimabue immediately asked him to come to Florence and learn how to paint. That was how Giotto’s story began in Florence, where the young student flourished under Cimabue’s instruction and soon surpassed his master in skill. At that time, people in paintings didn’t look real, and the symbolism of art was difficult for viewers to connect with it. Innovation was not stressed, so art had remained the same for hundreds of years. However, Giotto thought art should be something more connected with people in a more realistic way. His masterpieces included the forty major frescos(壁画)for the Arena Chapel. Adopting many techniques that were uncommon then, he painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times. In addition to painting, Giotto wrote poetry and drew architectural plans. When Giotto was in his sixties, he painted the Ognissanti Madonna, another famous work of art. He continued working until the age of seventy. The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever. 1. What does the story in paragraph 1 tell us about Giotto? A. His humor. B. His courage. C. His talent. D. His determination. 2. What made Giotto’s works distinguished at that time? A. Vivid colors. B. Classic skills. C. Original composition. D. Lifelike quality. 3. Which of the following best summarizes Giotto’s story? A. Great minds think alike. B. Constant dripping wears away a stone. C. Innovation is the driving force of art. D. A slow sparrow should make an early start. B (25-26高二下·福建龙岩·期中)David Popa was born and raised in New York City(NYC). His love for art began in his childhood, under the guidance of his father, Albert Popa. Albert, one of NYC’s first graffiti(涂鸦)writers, later turned to traditional painting and passed on his skills to his son. This unique interaction of graffiti’s free spirit and the discipline of traditional painting shaped David’s artistic vision. His passion for street art and big wall paintings grew during his college years, where he experimented with wall paintings, combining urban art with the physical and temporary nature of his creations. In 2017-2018, David relocated to Finland, where he found inspiration in the raw beauty of the Nordic landscape. It was here that he pioneered his art form, creating large artworks using natural materials, such as chalk and earth pigments(颜料). Drawing inspiration from prehistoric cave drawings, David describes himself as a “paleo-painter”, continuing the ancient tradition of making art directly from the natural world around him. David’s work is a harmonious mix of anthropology(人类学), nature, and art. By using natural pigments and water sourced from his work sites, he creates pieces that connect with the earth. His creations are typically situated in remote, otherworldly locations, often on small islands in the Nordic region. These artworks are subject to nature, lasting from a few days to a few months before they are reclaimed by the environment. The impermanent nature of David’s work is central to his artistic philosophy. For instance, his first major project Ephemeral, created in 2020, featured the integration of art and nature, showing the short-lived beauty that defines David’s work. He wholeheartedly accepts the unpredictability of the natural world, including elements like bird droppings and sudden storms in his art. These interactions result in dynamic pieces that beautifully highlight the shortness of life, showing the beauty of impermanence, and reminding us to appreciate the momentary wonders of life. 4. What mainly influenced David Popa’s early artistic style? A. The traditional painting skills he learned in college. B. The combination of graffiti spirit and traditional painting. C. The beautiful natural environment of New York City. D. The prehistoric cave drawings he studied in his childhood. 5. What does the underlined word “paleo-painter” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A painter painting on ancient cave walls. B. A painter creating artworks on small islands. C. A painter using methods similar to early humans. D. A painter concentrating on Nordic landscapes. 6. What can we learn about David Popa’s works? A. They are usually protected and kept for a long time. B. They use natural materials found at the creation sites. C. They are mainly made in modern city centers. D. They are completed with the help of local people. 7. What is the key idea of David Popa’s artistic philosophy? A. Art should be created indoors to keep safe and clean. B. Artists should control every part of their works. C. The temporary beauty of art is valuable and meaningful. D. Urban art is better connected with people’s daily life. C (25-26高二下·广东·阶段检测)Anyone studying modern Chinese art will unavoidably meet the monumental figure Qi Baishi(1864-1957). Coming from a poor peasant family, Qi began learning art relatively late. Yet through consistent determination, he progressed from a village carpenter and folk artist to one of the most celebrated painters in Chinese history. Instead of simply copying classical masters, he absorbed impressions from mountains and rivers and painted them from memory. The resulting album, Borrowing Scenes, reflects a striking admission: He could only borrow beauty from nature rather than possess it. This humbleness became central to his artistic philosophy. Qi’s approach was deeply shaped by his early training as a woodcarver and seal carver. He learned to “do subtraction” — removing unnecessary elements and keeping only what impressed him most. On paper, every fish seems to carry a sword(剑)on its back. This extraordinary vitality brings each creature to life with just a few brushstrokes. From 1919 to 1928, Qi underwent a major transformation, known as the “old-age change”. He developed a bold new style that mixed literati elegance with the direct appeal of folk art — using bright red flowers against heavy black ink. The result was fresh, powerful, and deeply original. His success lies not only in his talents but also in energetic practice. Admirers have compared him to Picasso. However, Picasso once said he learned from Qi rather than teaching him. Qi’s influence reached the West when his work was exhibited at San Francisco’s de Young Museum in 1960—the first solo(单独的)exhibition by a Chinese artist in the US. Today, Qi Baishi remains a symbol of how tradition and innovation can walk hand in hand. 8. What lies at the heart of Qi Baishi’s artistic belief? A. Modesty before nature. B. Borrowing from masters. C. Striking scenes of nature. D. Pursuit of inner perception. 9. What artistic idea did Qi Baishi get from his early training? A. Less is more. B. Every detail counts. C. Imagination comes first. D. Nature is the best teacher. 10. Which word can best describe Qi Baishi according to paragraph 4? A. Conventional. B. Ambitious. C. Innovative. D. Stylish. 11. What does Qi Baishi’s success show? A. Still waters run deep. B. Early birds catch the worms. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 三、应用文写作 (24-25高一下·贵州黔南·期末)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris对艺术创作很感兴趣。请你给他写一封电子邮件分享你近期在艺术课上完成的一件作品。 内容包括：1. 作品介绍； 2. 创作感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The art of painting 核心语法精练 (动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语) 目录 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、单句语法填空 7 三、综合提升 10 一、语法填空 10 二、阅读理解 13 三、应用文写作 18 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语时，两者都没有任何形式的变化，但是要注意不规则动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式的正确拼写形式。 动词-ing形式的功能 所能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语 v-ing √ √ √ √ √ √ 说明：①通常我们把作主语、宾语、表语或定语的v-ing形式统称为“动名词”； ②v-ing形式还可以作表语或定语，这时我们又把其称之为“现在分词”； ③v-ing形式作宾语补足语或状语时，我们也把其称之为“现在分词”。 动词-ed形式的功能 所能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾语补足语 状语 v-ing × × √ √ √ √ 注：本单元只涉及动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语的语法内容。 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语盘点 情 形 解 读 常见词 动词-ing形式作表语 动词-ing形式作表语, 具有形容词的特征。说明主语所表现出的特征(主语给人的印象)。 absorbing amazing amusing annoying appealing astonishing boring challenging confusing depressing disappointing demanding embarrassing encouraging exciting exhausting fascinating frightening inspiring interesting moving puzzling relaxing satisfying shocking striking surprising thrilling touching tiring worrying ... 动词-ed形式作表语 动词-ed形式作表语，具有形容词的特征。说明主语所处的状态(主语所处的心理状态、所表现出来的感受、情绪或情感)。 absorbed amazed amused annoyed astonished bored broken concerned confused crowded delighted determined devoted disappointed discouraged depressed embarrassed excited exhausted frightened interested lost married moved pleased puzzled relaxed satisfied shocked surprised tired touched worried ... 动词-ed形式作表语除了用在be动词之后, 还可用于become, feel, get, seem/appear, remain, stay等连系动词之后。 一、单项选择 1. — How was your trip to Baotu Spring? — Wonderful! I was ________ to visit such an ________ spring. A. exciting, amazing B. exciting, amazed C. excited, amazing D. excited, amazed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“你们去趵突泉的旅行怎么样？”“太棒了！我非常兴奋能参观这样一个神奇的泉。”v-ed形容词一般形容人，表示人的感受；动词-ing形式一般形容事物，表示“令人……”。第一空形容人的感受，表示感到激动的，兴奋的，所以用excited作表语；第二空修饰spring，表示令人惊奇的，所以用amazing作定语，故选C。 2. We are usually _________ by the ________ performances by the comic master Zhao Benshan. A. amusing, amused B. amused, amused C. amusing, amusing D. amused, amusing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们经常被喜剧大师赵本山的滑稽表演逗乐。第一空作表语，修饰人，应用动词-ed形式amused；第二空修饰名词performances应用动词-ing形式amusing，故选D。 3. The noise is very ________. Peter has become ________. A. annoy, annoying B. annoying, annoyed C. annoyed, annoying D. annoyed, annoy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：噪音很烦人。彼得很生气。annoy使恼怒，使生气，为及物动词；annoying讨厌的，令人气恼的，为形容词，常用来修饰物；annoyed烦恼的，生气的，为形容词，常用来修饰人。分析句子结构，两个空均应用形容词，分别作is和have become的表语。第一个空修饰The noise，指物，应用annoying；第二个空修饰Peter，指人，应用annoyed，故选B。 4. The data collected from the deep- sea expedition was  ________,  revealing species that had never been documented by science before. A. to astonish B. astonishing C. astonished D. having astonished 【答案】B 【解析】句意：从深海探险中收集到的数据令人惊讶，揭示了科学界从未记录过的物种。空处作表语，描述主语The data的特征，应用动词-ing形式astonishing，意为“令人惊讶的”，故选B。 5. The long speech given by Mr. Smith seemed ________ and endless. He felt so ________ that he nearly fell asleep. A. disappointed, boring B. disappointing, bored C. disappointed, bored D. disappointing, boring 【答案】B 【解析】句意：史密斯先生的长篇演讲似乎令人失望，而且没完没了。他觉得很无聊，几乎睡着了。形容物应用动词-ing形式，故前空应填disappointing“令人失望的”；形容人应用动词-ed形式 bored“无聊的”，故选B。 6. Reading body language is not an easy task. It can be ________. A. challenged B. to challenge C. challenging D. being challenging 【答案】C 【解析】句意：读懂肢体语言不是一件容易的事。它可能是有挑战性的。结合语意，句子表示读懂肢体语言可能是有挑战性的，空处应用动词-ing形式challenging，表示“有挑战性的”，故选C。 7. The instruction was ________ that nobody could understand it. A. so confusing B. so confused C. such confusing D. such confused 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个说明是如此令人困惑，以至于没人能理解它。“so+形容词/副词+that”和“such+(a/an)+形容词+名词+that”都表示“如此……以至于”。本题中that引导结果状语从句，instruction是事物，要用confusing来修饰，而confused常用来形容人“感到困惑的”，所以排除B和D；又因为confusing是动词-ing形式，为形容词，所以要用so来修饰，即so confusing，故选A。 8. We were ________ at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too ________. A. disappointing, disappointed B. to disappoint, disappointing C. disappointed, to disappoint D. disappointed, disappointing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们对实验的结果感到失望，因为它有点太令人失望了。第一空作表语，修饰人，应用动词-ed形式disappointed；第二空作表语，主语为it，应用动词-ing形式disappointing，故选D。 9. Mary found herself in an ________ position, and therefore she felt rather ________. A. embarrassed, embarrassing, B. embarrassed, embarrassed C. embarrassing, embarrassing D. embarrassing, embarrassed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：Mary发现自己处于一种很窘迫的境地，因此，她感觉相当尴尬。第一空修饰position应用动词-ing形式embarrassing；修饰人，作表语，应用动词-ed形式embarrassed，故选D。 10. This news sounded ________, and all of us were ________ by it. A. encouraging, encouraging B. encouraged, encouraging C. encouraging, encouraged D. encouraged, encouraged 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个消息听起来令人鼓舞，我们大家都受到了鼓舞。第一空用形容词作表语，修饰This news应用动词-ing形式的形容词，即encouraging，意为“令人鼓舞的”，由第二空后的by可知，我们是被鼓舞的，句子用被动语态，空格前有were，因此空格处是过去分词，即encouraged，故选C。 11. The news was so ________ that everyone present couldn’t help but feel ________. A. excited, exciting B. excited, excited C. exciting, excited D. exciting, exciting 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个消息太令人兴奋了，在场的每个人都忍不住感到兴奋。结合选项可知，exciting 意为“令人兴奋的”，通常用来修饰事物(如消息、事件等)，说明事物本身具有让人兴奋的特质，此处修饰“the news”，所以第一个空填exciting；excited意为“感到兴奋的”，通常用来描述人的感受，此处描述“everyone present”的情绪，所以第二个空填excited，故选C。 12. —What did you think of the science exhibition? —It was great! Actually, it was ________ than I had imagined. A. such more fascinating B. even more fascinated C. the most fascinating D. far more fascinating 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你觉得那个科学展览怎么样？”“太棒了！实际上，它比我想象的要有趣得多。”根据空后的“than I had imagined”可知，空处需用比较级，可排除C项；such后接名词，A项搭配有误；空处作表语，描述主语it的性质，应用动词-ing形式fascinating“令人着迷的”，而非fascinated“入迷的，感兴趣的”，D项符合题意，排除B项，其中的far强调程度，故选D。 13. I am ________ at the snake because the snake is ________. A. frightened, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, frightened D. frightening, frightening 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我被那条蛇吓坏了，因为那条蛇很可怕。动词-ed形式frightened用来形容人的情感感受，意为“害怕的”；动词-ing形式frightening用来形容事物，意为“令人害怕的”。第一空作表语形容词，主语为I，设空处为“感到害怕”，应使用frightened；第二空作表语，形容主语snake“令人害怕。吓人的”，应使用frightening，故选B。 14. The speech given by the famous scientist was so ________ that all the audience were deeply impressed and lost in thought. A. inspired B. being inspired C. inspiration D. inspiring 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这位著名科学家的演讲如此鼓舞人心以至于所有听众都印象深刻，陷入沉思。根据空前系动词was可知，空处需用形容词作表语，修饰主语The speech，应用动词-ing形式inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”。选项A意为“受到启发的”，选项B表示“正受到启发”，选项C为名词，意为“灵感”，故选D。 15. The movie is really ________. None of us are ________ in it. A. bored, interesting B. boring, interested C. boring, interesting D. bored, interested 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这部电影实在很无聊，我们没人对它感兴趣。bored“感到无聊的”；boring“无聊的”，interested“感到有趣的”；interesting“有趣的”。动词-ing形式作表语表特征，动词-ed形式作表语表感受。第一空主语movie指物，应用boring作表语，第二空主语None of us指人，应用interested作表语，故选B。 16. The shop has remained ________ for two weeks, which is not convenient for the people nearby to buy things. A. shut B. to shut C. shutting D. shuts 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这家商店已经关门两个星期了，这对附近的人们买东西很不方便。此处remain后跟过去分词shut，作表语，表示主语所处的(关闭)状态，故选A。 17. The window is ________. We need to repair it. A. broken B. break C. to break D. breaking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：句意：窗户坏了，我们需要维修。句子时态为一般现在时，主语 window是单数；broken 是过去分词作表语，描述 window 的状态，故选 A。 18. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 【答案】C 【解析】句意：大城市的清洁女工通常是按小时计算酬劳的。主语Cleaning women与pay之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；“get+动词过去分词”表示被动含义，过去分词在这里作表语，这里指的是获得酬劳、别人支付给她工资，故选C。 19. Please stay ________ until the bus has stopped. A. seated B. seating C. seat D. to seat 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在公交车停下来之前请坐好。stay在此意为“保持”，用作连系动词，后面接形容词、名词、分词等作表语。seated在此用作形容词，意为“坐下来的”，故选A。 20. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. stick D. to have stuck 【答案】B 【解析】句意：四月份，成千上万的度假者因火山灰云滞留在国外。 remain此处作系动词，后接过去分词stuck作表语；be stuck 表示“被困住、滞留、受阻”，是被动含义，形容人被迫停留在某地，故选B。 二、单句语法填空 1. Spending the holidays in Britain wasn’t particularly ________(appeal). 【答案】appealing 【解析】句意：在英国度假并不是特别有吸引力。根据句子成分分析可知横线上需要填一个形容词作表语，修饰主语Spending the holidays in Britain应用动词-ing形式的形容词，故填appealing。 2. She felt deeply ________(depress)after receiving the disappointing news. 【答案】depressed 【解析】句意：收到令人失望的消息后，她感到非常沮丧。feel为系动词，提示词作表语，用动词-ed形式depressed，意为‌“感到沮丧的”，用于描述主语She的感受，故填depressed。 3. The work is very ________(demand), but it makes John feel fulfilled. 【答案】demanding 【解析】句意：这份工作要求很高，但它让约翰感到很有成就感。句中is为系动词，后需接形容词作表语；动词demand的动词-ing形式是demanding，意为“要求高的、费力的”，故填demanding。 4. It is ________(relax)to sit by the lake and listen to soft music on a quiet afternoon. 【答案】relaxing 【解析】句意：在安静的午后，坐在湖边听着轻柔的音乐是令人放松的。“It is + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，relaxing意为“令人放松的”，常用来描述事物，在句中作表语，故填relaxing。 5. Neighbours were ________(shock)that such an attack could happen in their area.   【答案】shocked 【解析】句意：邻居们感到震惊，这样的袭击竟然会发生在他们所在的区域。空处作表语，表示人的主观感受，提示词的动词-ed形式shocked“震惊的”符合题意，故填shocked。 6. Standing by the clear river and enjoying the quiet scenery, we felt fully ________(satisfy)with the harmony between humans and nature. 【答案】satisfied 【解析】句意：站在清澈的河边，欣赏着宁静的景色，我们对人与自然的和谐感到十分满意。空处为形容词做表语，主语we，所以此处表示“满意的”，要用动词satisfy的动词-ed形式satisfied，该形容词常用来修饰人的感受。be/feel satisfied with“对……感到满意”，为固定短语，故填satisfied。 7. After a day’s hike, they felt ________(exhaust)but extremely ________(satisfy). 【答案】exhausted, satisfied 【解析】句意：徒步一天后，他们感到筋疲力尽，但又无比满足。句中felt是系动词，后接形容词作表语；两个空由but连接，为并列的表语成分。句子主语是they(指代人)，描述人的主观感受需用动词-ed形式形容词exhausted“筋疲力尽的”以及satisfied“感到满足的”，故填exhausted, satisfied。 8. He looked ________(tire)and sad, obviously disturbed by the news of his mother’s illness. 【答案】tired, disturbed 【解析】句意：他看起来既疲惫又悲伤，显然被母亲生病的消息弄得心烦意乱。空处所要填的词在句中作表语，表示“he”的状态，动词-ed形式tired“疲惫的”符合句意，故填tired。 9. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were ________(worry). 【答案】worried 【解析】句意：几个小时没人看到他们，我和同事们都很担心。分析句子，设空处使用worry的动词-ed形式worried作表语，意为“担心的”，故填worried。 10. The moment she thought of the ________ result, she became ________. (discourage) 【答案】discouraging, discouraged 【解析】句意：一想到这个令人沮丧的结果，她就泄气了。第一空为形容词作定语修饰名词result，discourage的动词-ing形式discouraging意为“令人沮丧的”符合句意；第二空为形容词作表语，discourage的动词-ed形式discouraged意为“感到泄气的”符合句意，故填discouraging, discouraged。 11. The team was ________(determine)to win the dragon boat race. 【答案】determined 【解析】句意：这支队伍下定决心要赢得这场龙舟比赛。空处作表语，需填动词-ed形式determined，构成be determined to do sth“下定决心做某事”，故填determined。 12. As far as I am ________(concern), I have been practicing drums for almost ten years. 【答案】concerned 【解析】句意：就我而言，我已经练习打鼓将近十年了。concern“涉及、关心”，是动词，此处需填其动词-ed形式concerned，作表语。固定短语as far as I am concerned，表示“就我而言，在我看来”，用于引出说话人的个人观点或情况。 13. The movie is quite ________(thrill), which can be judged from their expression after watching it. 【答案】thrilling 【解析】句意：这部电影相当刺激，这点可以从看完它的人脸上的表情看出来。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，动词-ing形式 thrilling表示“令人感到紧张刺激的”；动词-ed形式thrilled表示“觉得紧张刺激的”，形容人的状态。这里指电影令人感到紧张刺激，用动词-ing形式，故填thrilling。 14. Blonde and slim, she was too ________(strike)to escape their attention. 【答案】striking 【解析】句意：金发细腰的她太引人注目了，他们很难不注意到她。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语，动词-ing形式striking表“引人注目的”，为形容词，符合句意，故填striking。 15. Why he gave up such a good opportunity at the last minute is extremely ________(puzzle). 【答案】puzzling 【解析】句意：他为何在最后一刻放弃这么好的机会极其令人费解。此处为形容词作表语，puzzle是动词，表述事物的特征用动词-ing形式puzzling，意为“令人困惑的”。 一、语法填空 A (改编自25-26高二下·全国·课后作业)The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, which is ___1___(base)on the novel of the same name by Liu Cixin. It ___2___(release)on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year’s Day. After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel ___3___(scare), so they build giant planet thrusters(星球推进器)to move the earth out of its orbit and sail ___4___ to a new star system. The 2,500 years’ journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone’s ___5___(survive). We ___6___(impress)with the theme of this film. It doesn’t particularly show somebody’s ability to save our world ___7___ shows that all the human beings are working together, ___8___(spare)no effort to save this world. The Wandering Earth is seen by people ___9___ the dawn (开端)of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China’s sci-fi movies have ___10___(official)set sail. 【答案】 1. based 2. was released 3. scared 4. it 5. survival 6. are impressed 7. but 8. sparing 9. as 10. officially 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了电影《流浪地球》的主要内容、主题以及人们对它的评价。 1. 考查固定搭配与动词-ed形式形容词。句意：《流浪地球》是一部中国科幻电影，改编自刘慈欣的同名小说，于 2019 年大年初一上映。be based on 为固定短语，意为“以……为基础；改编自”，此处作定语从句系表结构，故填 based。 2. 考查动词时态、语态。句意同上。主语It 指代电影 The Wandering Earth，与 release“发行、上映” 构成被动关系；时间 on February 5, 2019 为过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态，主语单数，be 动词用 was，故填 was released。 3. 考查动词-ed形式形容词。句意：在得知太阳即将熄灭后，全世界的人都感到害怕，所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，将地球移出轨道，驶向一个新的恒星系统。空处作feel的表语，应用动词-ed形式形容词，scared“害怕的”，形容人，故填scared。 4. 考查代词。句意同上。空处指代前面的the earth，应用代词it，故填it。 5. 考查名词。句意：这2500年的旅程充满了意想不到的危险，但为了拯救人类，一群年轻人勇敢地站出来，为每个人的生存而努力奋斗。空处作for的宾语，应用名词，survival“生存”，不可数名词，故填survival。 6. 考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们对这部电影的主题印象深刻。“be impressed with”为固定短语，意为“对……印象深刻”，根据上下文可知，句子描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语是we，be动词用are，故填are impressed。 7. 考查连词。句意：它并没有特别展示某个人拯救我们世界的能力，而是展示了所有人都在共同努力，不遗余力地拯救这个世界。“not...but...”为固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，故填but。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语“all the human beings”与spare之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，故填sparing。 9. 考查介词。句意：《流浪地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开端。“be seen as”为固定短语，意为“被视为”，故填as。 10. 考查副词。句意：这意味着中国科幻电影已经正式启航。空处修饰动词set sail，应用副词officially“正式地”，故填officially。 B (改编自24-25高二下·湖北武汉·阶段检测)Born in the Netherlands in 1883, Van Gogh had always been ___1___(interest) in art and tried to work as a professional painter. His early works ___2___ (characterize)by dark colors until 1886, ___3___ his brother, Theo, invited him to come to live in Paris, where the bright colors of Impressionist art greatly influenced his style. Later, Van Gogh moved to southern France. In 1888, after suffering a mental breakdown, he stayed in a hospital where he painted over 20 versions of ___4___ view from his window, which covered different times and weather conditions, ___5___(create)only one night view. He wrote to Theo: “This morning I saw the countryside… with nothing but the morning star.” This “star” was actually Venus, which inspired him to create his ___6___ (influence)painting, The Starry Night. The Starry Night(1889)describes a dramatic cypress tree stretching upward like flames, imaginary village scenery, and a swirling sky ___7___(fill)with celestial bodies. Though unrealistically adding a village, the painting reveals ___8___ Van Gogh perceived through his “mind’s eye”. The contrast between quiet darkness and dynamic colors ___9___(mirror)his complex genius, proving that true art often goes beyond ___10___(simple)copying reality. 【答案】 1. interested 2. were characterized 3. when 4. the 5. creating 6. influential 7. filled 8. what 9. mirrors 10. simply 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了梵高的艺术生涯，以及他的名著《星月夜》。 1. 考查v-ed形式的形容词与固定搭配。句意：1883 年梵高出生于荷兰，他一直对艺术感兴趣，并努力成为一名职业画家。空处作 been 后的表语，主语为人 Van Gogh，描述人的主观感受用动词- ed形式的形容词；固定搭配 be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”，故填 interested。 2. 考查时态和语态。句意：直到 1886 年，他早期的作品都以色彩暗沉为特点，这一年他的弟弟西奥邀请他来巴黎生活，在那里印象派艺术明亮的色彩极大地影响了他的风格。空处为主句谓语动词，主语“works”与 “characterize”之间是被动关系，且描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“works”是复数，be 动词用were，故填were characterized。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：直到 1886 年，他早期的作品都以色彩暗沉为特点，这一年他的弟弟西奥邀请他来巴黎生活，在那里印象派艺术明亮的色彩极大地影响了他的风格。此句为定语从句，先行词是“1886”，表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导，故填when。 4. 考查定冠词。句意：1888 年，在经历了一次精神崩溃后，他住进了一家医院，在那里他画了 20 多个版本从他窗户看到的景色，这些画涵盖了不同的时间和天气状况，只创作了一幅夜景。这里特指从他窗户看到的景色，用定冠词 the，故填the。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：1888 年，在经历了一次精神崩溃后，他住进了一家医院，在那里他画了 20 多个版本从他窗户看到的景色，这些画涵盖了不同的时间和天气状况，只创作了一幅夜景。前面描述他在医院画画的情况导致了 “只创作了一幅夜景” 这个结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填creating。 6. 考查形容词。句意：这颗 “星星” 实际上是金星，它启发他创作了有影响力的画作《星月夜》。这里修饰名词 “painting”，用形容词，“influence” 的形容词形式是 “influential”，意为“有影响力的”，故填influential。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：《星月夜》(1889 年)描绘了一棵引人注目的柏树像火焰一样向上伸展，虚构的乡村景色，以及一个充满天体的旋转天空。“sky”与 “fill”之间是被动关系，即天空被充满，用过去分词作后置定语，“filled with...” 意为“充满……”，故填filled。 8. 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：尽管不切实际地添加了一个村庄，但这幅画揭示了梵高通过他的 “心灵之眼” 所感知到的东西。“________ Van Gogh perceived through his “mind’s eye” 是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用what引导，故填what。 9. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：宁静的黑暗与充满活力的色彩之间的对比反映了他复杂的天赋，证明了真正的艺术往往超越简单地复制现实。空处为句子谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“The contrast”是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，mirror 的第三人称单数形式是mirrors，故填mirrors。 10. 考查副词。句意：宁静的黑暗与充满活力的色彩之间的对比反映了他复杂的天赋，证明了真正的艺术往往超越简单地复制现实。这里修饰动词“copying”，用副词，“simple”的副词形式是“simply”，故填simply。 二、阅读理解 A (25-26高二下·广东东莞·期中)Cimabue, the greatest painter of the Middle Ages in Italy, was surprised one day after his lunch break to discover that a fly had seated itself under the nose of a character that he had been working on. He swatted(重拍)at the fly, but it did not move. He reached out to touch the insect, only to find it was only wet paint. Turning around, he saw that his apprentice(学徒), Giotto, was laughing. Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled. Giotto di Bondone was born into a poor family in a village. Legend has it that one day, when Cimabue was wandering around the countryside, he spotted a young shepherd boy drawing pictures of his sheep, which were so vivid that Cimabue immediately asked him to come to Florence and learn how to paint. That was how Giotto’s story began in Florence, where the young student flourished under Cimabue’s instruction and soon surpassed his master in skill. At that time, people in paintings didn’t look real, and the symbolism of art was difficult for viewers to connect with it. Innovation was not stressed, so art had remained the same for hundreds of years. However, Giotto thought art should be something more connected with people in a more realistic way. His masterpieces included the forty major frescos(壁画)for the Arena Chapel. Adopting many techniques that were uncommon then, he painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times. In addition to painting, Giotto wrote poetry and drew architectural plans. When Giotto was in his sixties, he painted the Ognissanti Madonna, another famous work of art. He continued working until the age of seventy. The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever. 1. What does the story in paragraph 1 tell us about Giotto? A. His humor. B. His courage. C. His talent. D. His determination. 2. What made Giotto’s works distinguished at that time? A. Vivid colors. B. Classic skills. C. Original composition. D. Lifelike quality. 3. Which of the following best summarizes Giotto’s story? A. Great minds think alike. B. Constant dripping wears away a stone. C. Innovation is the driving force of art. D. A slow sparrow should make an early start. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了意大利画家乔托自幼展现绘画天赋、师从大师契马布埃，突破传统艺术风格，以写实手法与创新技法革新画坛，成为史上最伟大画家之一。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.(乔托在契马布埃离开时画了这只苍蝇，它看起来如此逼真，以至于契马布埃完全被愚弄了)”可知，这个故事体现了乔托高超的绘画天赋，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However, Giotto thought art should be something more connected with people in a more realistic way.(然而，乔托认为艺术应该以更写实的方式与人们产生更紧密的联系)”以及“Adopting many techniques that were uncommon then, he painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.(他采用了许多在当时并不常见的绘画技法，按照自己眼中的真实模样去描绘人物，而非像其他画家那样，把人物画得过于高大呆板)”可知，乔托的作品在当时脱颖而出是因为具有逼真写实的特点，故选D。 3. 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段中的“However, Giotto thought art should be something more connected with people in a more realistic way.(然而，乔托认为艺术应该以更写实的方式贴近人们)”以及最后一段中的“The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever.(乔托终其一生为绘画领域带来的诸多理念，彻底革新了艺术界，也使他跻身史上最伟大画家之列)”可知，文章讲述了乔托突破当时数百年来一成不变的艺术风格，采用罕见的创作技巧，运用透视法营造三维空间，用创新理念彻底变革了绘画艺术。全文核心是强调创新对艺术的重要意义，故C项表示“创新是艺术的驱动力”，最能概括他的故事，故选C。 B (25-26高二下·福建龙岩·期中)David Popa was born and raised in New York City(NYC). His love for art began in his childhood, under the guidance of his father, Albert Popa. Albert, one of NYC’s first graffiti(涂鸦)writers, later turned to traditional painting and passed on his skills to his son. This unique interaction of graffiti’s free spirit and the discipline of traditional painting shaped David’s artistic vision. His passion for street art and big wall paintings grew during his college years, where he experimented with wall paintings, combining urban art with the physical and temporary nature of his creations. In 2017-2018, David relocated to Finland, where he found inspiration in the raw beauty of the Nordic landscape. It was here that he pioneered his art form, creating large artworks using natural materials, such as chalk and earth pigments(颜料). Drawing inspiration from prehistoric cave drawings, David describes himself as a “paleo-painter”, continuing the ancient tradition of making art directly from the natural world around him. David’s work is a harmonious mix of anthropology(人类学), nature, and art. By using natural pigments and water sourced from his work sites, he creates pieces that connect with the earth. His creations are typically situated in remote, otherworldly locations, often on small islands in the Nordic region. These artworks are subject to nature, lasting from a few days to a few months before they are reclaimed by the environment. The impermanent nature of David’s work is central to his artistic philosophy. For instance, his first major project Ephemeral, created in 2020, featured the integration of art and nature, showing the short-lived beauty that defines David’s work. He wholeheartedly accepts the unpredictability of the natural world, including elements like bird droppings and sudden storms in his art. These interactions result in dynamic pieces that beautifully highlight the shortness of life, showing the beauty of impermanence, and reminding us to appreciate the momentary wonders of life. 4. What mainly influenced David Popa’s early artistic style? A. The traditional painting skills he learned in college. B. The combination of graffiti spirit and traditional painting. C. The beautiful natural environment of New York City. D. The prehistoric cave drawings he studied in his childhood. 5. What does the underlined word “paleo-painter” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A painter painting on ancient cave walls. B. A painter creating artworks on small islands. C. A painter using methods similar to early humans. D. A painter concentrating on Nordic landscapes. 6. What can we learn about David Popa’s works? A. They are usually protected and kept for a long time. B. They use natural materials found at the creation sites. C. They are mainly made in modern city centers. D. They are completed with the help of local people. 7. What is the key idea of David Popa’s artistic philosophy? A. Art should be created indoors to keep safe and clean. B. Artists should control every part of their works. C. The temporary beauty of art is valuable and meaningful. D. Urban art is better connected with people’s daily life. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了艺术家David Popa的艺术成长经历、创作风格、作品特点以及其艺术哲学理念。 4. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This unique interaction of graffiti’s free spirit and the discipline of traditional painting shaped David’s artistic vision.(涂鸦的自由精神与传统绘画的严谨性之间的这种独特互动塑造了大卫的艺术视野)”可知，涂鸦精神与传统绘画的结合主要影响了David Popa早期的艺术风格，故选B。 5. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Drawing inspiration from prehistoric cave drawings, David describes himself as a “paleo-painter”, continuing the ancient tradition of making art directly from the natural world around him.(从史前洞穴壁画中汲取灵感，大卫称自己为“paleo-painter”，延续着直接从周围自然世界创造艺术的古老传统)”可知，David从史前洞穴壁画中汲取灵感，称自己为“paleo-painter”，由此可推测“paleo-painter”指的是使用类似早期人类方法的画家，故选C。 6. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“By using natural pigments and water sourced from his work sites, he creates pieces that connect with the earth.(通过使用来自工作地点的天然颜料和水，他创作出与大地相连的作品)”可知，David Popa的作品使用在创作地点发现的天然材料，故选B。 7. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The impermanent nature of David’s work is central to his artistic philosophy.(大卫作品的短暂性是其艺术哲学的核心)”以及最后一段中“These interactions result in dynamic pieces that beautifully highlight the shortness of life, showing the beauty of impermanence, and reminding us to appreciate the momentary wonders of life.(这些互动产生了充满活力的作品，优美地突出了生命的短暂，展现了短暂之美，提醒我们欣赏生命中转瞬即逝的奇迹)”可知，David Popa艺术哲学的关键思想是艺术的短暂之美是有价值和有意义的，故选C。 C (25-26高二下·广东·阶段检测)Anyone studying modern Chinese art will unavoidably meet the monumental figure Qi Baishi(1864-1957). Coming from a poor peasant family, Qi began learning art relatively late. Yet through consistent determination, he progressed from a village carpenter and folk artist to one of the most celebrated painters in Chinese history. Instead of simply copying classical masters, he absorbed impressions from mountains and rivers and painted them from memory. The resulting album, Borrowing Scenes, reflects a striking admission: He could only borrow beauty from nature rather than possess it. This humbleness became central to his artistic philosophy. Qi’s approach was deeply shaped by his early training as a woodcarver and seal carver. He learned to “do subtraction” — removing unnecessary elements and keeping only what impressed him most. On paper, every fish seems to carry a sword(剑)on its back. This extraordinary vitality brings each creature to life with just a few brushstrokes. From 1919 to 1928, Qi underwent a major transformation, known as the “old-age change”. He developed a bold new style that mixed literati elegance with the direct appeal of folk art — using bright red flowers against heavy black ink. The result was fresh, powerful, and deeply original. His success lies not only in his talents but also in energetic practice. Admirers have compared him to Picasso. However, Picasso once said he learned from Qi rather than teaching him. Qi’s influence reached the West when his work was exhibited at San Francisco’s de Young Museum in 1960—the first solo(单独的)exhibition by a Chinese artist in the US. Today, Qi Baishi remains a symbol of how tradition and innovation can walk hand in hand. 8. What lies at the heart of Qi Baishi’s artistic belief? A. Modesty before nature. B. Borrowing from masters. C. Striking scenes of nature. D. Pursuit of inner perception. 9. What artistic idea did Qi Baishi get from his early training? A. Less is more. B. Every detail counts. C. Imagination comes first. D. Nature is the best teacher. 10. Which word can best describe Qi Baishi according to paragraph 4? A. Conventional. B. Ambitious. C. Innovative. D. Stylish. 11. What does Qi Baishi’s success show? A. Still waters run deep. B. Early birds catch the worms. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D 【导语】本文为人物传记类说明文。文章主要介绍了画家齐白石出身贫寒，年少学艺，画作师法自然、删繁就简；晚年革新画风，融合文人画与民间艺术，凭借勤勉与创新享誉海内外，诠释了传统与创新共存、有志者事竟成的道理。 8. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The resulting album, Borrowing Scenes, reflects a striking admission: He could only borrow beauty from nature rather than possess it. This humbleness became central to his artistic philosophy.( 由此诞生的画册《借山图》道出了一句引人深思的感悟：自然之美只能借来描摹，无法真正占有。这种谦逊成为了他艺术哲学的核心)”可知，齐白石艺术信念的核心是对自然保持谦逊，故选A。 9. 细节理解题。根据第三段“He learned to “do subtraction” — removing unnecessary elements and keeping only what impressed him most.(他学会了“做减法”——去掉不必要的元素，只保留最令他印象深刻的部分)”可知，齐白石早期训练中获得了“少即是多”的艺术理念，故选A。 10. 细节理解题。根据第四段“He developed a bold new style that mixed literati elegance with the direct appeal of folk art—using bright red flowers against heavy black ink. The result was fresh, powerful, and deeply original. (他开创了一种大胆新颖的风格，将文人雅致与民间艺术的直接魅力融为一体——用鲜艳的红花与浓重的黑墨相映成趣。其成果清新有力，极具原创性)”可知，齐白石是善于创新的人，故选C。 11. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Coming from a poor peasant family, Qi began learning art relatively late. Yet through consistent determination, he progressed from a village carpenter and folk artist to one of the most celebrated painters in Chinese history.(出身贫苦农民家庭的齐，开始学习艺术的时间相对较晚。然而，凭借坚持不懈的决心，他从一名村里的木匠和民间艺人，成长为历史上最著名的画家之一)”以及倒数第二段“His success lies not only in his talents but also in energetic practice.(他的成功不仅在于天赋，更在于勤奋的练习)”可知，齐白石的成功说明了有志者事竟成，故选D。 三、应用文写作 (24-25高一下·贵州黔南·期末)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris对艺术创作很感兴趣。请你给他写一封电子邮件分享你近期在艺术课上完成的一件作品。 内容包括：1. 作品介绍； 2. 创作感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you the work I’ve recently finished in my art class. It’s a painting of a serene village, which is exactly the kind of place that I’ve long yearned to explore. In the painting, you can observe tiny houses with red roofs nestled among lush green trees. What sets it apart is that I’ve incorporated a rainbow in the sky, which symbolizes hope and optimism. While I was painting it, I felt extremely calm and I realized that art is what truly allows me to convey my deepest emotions. I hope you can see it someday and tell me what you think. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，分享近期 在艺术课上完成的一件作品，包括作品介绍和创作感受。 【详解】 1. 词汇积累 宁静的：serene→peaceful 渴望：yearn→hope 茂密的：lush→dense 表达：convey→express 2. 句式拓展 原 句：It’s a painting of a serene village, which is exactly the kind of place that I’ve long yearned to explore. 拓展句：It’s a painting of a serene village, the kind of place that I’ve long yearned to explore. 【高分句型】 1. It’s a painting of a serene village, which is exactly the kind of place that I’ve long yearned to explore. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句、that引导的限制性定语从句) 2. What sets it apart is that I’ve incorporated a rainbow in the sky, which symbolizes hope and optimism. (运用了What引导的主语从句、that引导的表语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句) 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $