Unit 6 Live Green 核心语法构词法专项练习题 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦构词法核心词缀（-tion/-ment/-ful/-less/un-），通过规则分类、变形方法及易错点提炼，构建“分类-规则-应用”三维训练体系，提升语言转换能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心词缀分类|动词→名词（act→action）等|按词性转换类型分类词缀|词缀功能与词性对应| |变形规则|pollute→pollution|去e加tion、辅音+y变i规则|词形变化规律性推导| |易错点|混淆-tion/-ment|否定前缀与-less不叠加等|错误类型与规避方法| |应用题型|词形填空10道等|词缀搭配、语境应用|规则从基础到综合迁移|

外研版九年级上册 Unit 6 Live Green 核心语法构词法专项练习题 **核心语法:构词法 Word formation(名词后缀 -tion / -ment;形容词后缀 -ful / -less;否定前缀 un-;动词变名词、名词变形容词)** ## 单元语法核心学习要点 ### 一、核心词缀分类 1. **动词 名词(表动作/结果)** - -tion:act action;pollute pollution;produce production - -ment:develop development;improve improvement;agree agreement 2. **名词 形容词** - -ful:充满……(褒义)careful;helpful;hopeful - -less:无、缺乏(反义)careless;hopeless;useless 3. **否定前缀 un-**(加在形容词/动词前,表“不……”) unhappy;unfair;unusual;unhealthy ### 二、变形通用规则 1. 以e结尾动词加-tion:去e+tion(pollute pollution) 2. 辅音+y结尾动词变-ment/ -tion:变y为i再加后缀 3. -ful / -less 成对反义词:hopeful hopeless;careful careless ### 三、高频易错点 1. 混淆 -tion / -ment 后缀搭配动词 2. -less 表否定,不能和un-重复叠加 3. 漏写单词变形字母(如pollute变pollution漏双写l) 4. 分不清动词、名词、形容词词性转换 5. 单元主题词汇:pollute, recycle, protect, waste, hope, care, develop - ## 一、词形变换填空(10道,用括号词加对应词缀变形) 1. We must stop air _ (pollute) to live green. 2. This _ (develop) of recycling helps save natural resources. 3. Don’t be _ (care) when you sort rubbish. You may hurt yourself. 4. It is _ (hope) to give up protecting our earth. We must keep trying. 5. It is _ (fair) to waste clean water for no reason. 6. We all reach an _ (agree) to plant more trees every spring. 7. The factory’s _ (produce) of plastic harms the river. 8. These green tools are very _ (help) for waste sorting. 9. It’s _ (usual) to see clean rivers in polluted towns. 10. If you are _ (care) with rubbish, the park stays tidy. ## 二、单项选择题(10道,词缀辨析+词性区分) 1. Too much _ (pollute) makes rivers dirty. A. pollute B. pollution C. polluted D. polluting 2. He is _ because he never sorts waste carefully. A. careless B. careful C. hopeless D. hopeful 3. We need the _ of new recycling plans. A. develop B. development C. developing D. developed 4. It is _ to throw plastic everywhere. It breaks environmental rules. A. fair B. unfair C. usual D. useful 5. This kind of box is _ — we can’t reuse it at all. A. useful B. useless C. hopeful D. careful 6. The factory stopped the _ of plastic bags last month. A. produce B. production C. producing D. produced 7. It is _ to protect our home planet. We all have hope. A. hopeless B. hopeful C. careless D. useless 8. People reach an _ to cut down waste. A. agree B. agreement C. agreed D. agreeing 9. It is _ to find clear lakes in polluted cities. A. unusual B. usual C. unfair D. useful 10. The guide gives us many _ advice on green life. A. help B. helpful C. helpless D. unhelp ## 三、句型转换(8道,词缀变形改写同义句) 1. People pollute the sea.(改为名词形式:The _ of sea is bad.) 2. He doesn’t care about rubbish sorting.(用careless改写) He is _ about rubbish sorting. 3. We develop green recycling.(用名词改写) The _ of green recycling helps the earth. 4. There is no hope to give up environmental protection.(hopeless改写) It is _ to give up environmental protection. 5. It is not fair to waste clean water.(unfair改写) It is _ to waste clean water. 6. We all agree on green rules.(用名词agreement改写) We all reach an _ on green rules. 7. This tool can help us sort waste.(用helpful改写) This tool is very _ for waste sorting. 8. You can’t use this broken box again.(useless改写) This broken box is _. ## 四、句子改错(6道,每句一处词缀/拼写错误) 1. The pollute of plastic harms all living things. _ 2. He is hope to protect our earth and plant trees. _ 3. It is care to drop rubbish everywhere in the park. _ 4. We all reach an agree to save more water. _ 5. It is unusal to see green hills near big factories. _ 6. This old bottle is use, so we can throw it away. _ ## 五、中英翻译(6道,词缀变形必须使用) 1. 塑料污染破坏河流生态。 Plastic _ (pollute) destroys river balance. 2. 垃圾分类的发展让我们的城市更干净。 The _ (develop) of waste sorting cleans our city. 3. 随意丢弃垃圾是粗心的行为。 It is _ (care) to throw rubbish everywhere. 4. 放弃环保是毫无希望的。 It is _ (hope) to give up environmental protection. 5. 浪费干净水资源是不公平的。 It is _ (fair) to waste clean water. 6. 这些环保小工具十分有用。 These green tools are very _ (help). ## 六、情景写作(两段,每段至少3个词缀变形词汇) ### 短文1 我的绿色生活方式 提示词:pollution, development, careful, helpful, unfair, hopeless _ _ _ ### 短文2 保护自然的重要性 提示词:production, agreement, useless, unusual, hopeful _ _ _ - # 参考答案 ## 一、词形填空答案&语法解析 1. pollution 解析:pollute动词变名词,去e加-tion,表“污染”。 2. development 解析develop动词加-ment变名词,意为“发展”。 3. careless 解析less表“缺乏”,粗心,对应后文乱扔垃圾语境。 4. hopeless 解析毫无希望,不能放弃环保。 5. unfair 解析un-否定前缀,不公平。 6. agreement 解析agree动词加-ment,协议、共识。 7. production 解析produce去e加-tion,名词“生产”。 8. helpful 解析ful充满,有帮助的。 9. unusual 解析un-否定,不常见。 10. careful 解析ful细心,好好分类垃圾。 ## 二、单项选择答案&解析 1.B 需名词pollution作主语 2.A careless粗心,从不认真分类垃圾 3.B development名词,回收计划的发展 4.B unfair浪费水不公平 5.B useless完全没用,不能二次利用 6.B production塑料生产(名词) 7.B hopeful抱有希望,保护地球有盼头 8.B agreement共识、协议 9.A unusual污染城市少见清澈湖泊 10.B helpful形容词修饰名词advice ## 三、句型转换标准答案 1. pollution 2. careless 3. development 4. hopeless 5. unfair 6. agreement 7. helpful 8. useless ## 四、改错修正(错误 改正+词缀考点) 1. pollute pollution 此处需要名词作主语 2. hope hopeful 系动词后用形容词作表语 3. care careless 乱扔垃圾是粗心的(形容词) 4. agree agreement an后接名词 5. unusal unusual 单词正确拼写:unusual 6. use useless 瓶子不能再用,无用的 ## 五、翻译标准答案 1. pollution 2. development 3. careless 4. hopeless 5. unfair 6. helpful ## 六、写作参考范文 ### 短文1 My Green Lifestyle We should fight plastic pollution in daily life. The development of waste sorting makes our town cleaner. We must be careful with rubbish, because it is unfair to pollute nature. The reusable bottles are very helpful for green living. It’s not hopeless if everyone takes small green actions. ### 短文2 Protect Our Nature Many factories’ production brings heavy pollution. Our class reaches an agreement to reuse old things. Some useless plastic boxes can be turned into plant pots. It’s unusual to see clean rivers in industrial areas, but I’m hopeful we can change this in the future. 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $